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英语基础同义表达精讲
1.Alone vs By oneself
[差异]Alone means without other people (can feel lonely).By oneselfmeans
without help from others (emphasizes independence).
Alone 指“独自一人”（可能感到孤独）；By oneself 指“靠自己做”（强调独立）。
[口诀]Alone 独处心，By oneself 靠自己
[语境]
She lives alone in a big house.她独自住在一所大房子里。
He built the model by himself.他靠自己做出了这个模型。
[搭配]
live alone 独自居住
feel alone 感到孤独
do homework by oneself 独立做作业
learn by oneself 自学
[考点]
情感色彩：Alone 可带感彩；By oneself 更中性，强调能力。
易混点：Lonely (寂寞的) 是情感，Alone 是状态。
2.Actually vs In fact
[差异]Actually is often used to correct someone or introduce surprising
information.In fact is used to introduce a truth that supports or contradicts what
was just said.
Actually 常用来纠正对方或引出意外信息；In fact 用来引出一个证明或反驳前述内容
的事实。
[口诀]Actually 纠错惊，In fact 事实证
[语境]
You think I'm 30 Actually, I'm 35.你以为我 30 岁？其实我 35 了。 I don't mind.In fact, I'm pleased.我不介意。事实上，我很高兴。
[搭配]
actually, ...其实，...
in fact, ...事实上，...
[考点]
使用场景：纠正别人时多用 Actually；提供进一步证据时用 In fact。
写作应用：两者都可用于使论述更准确、有力。
3.Also vs Too vs As well
[差异]Also is more formal and usually comes before the verb.Too and as well
are more informal and usually come at the end of a sentence.
Also 更正式，常放在动词前；Too 和 as well 更口语化，常放在句末。
[口诀]Also 句中藏，Too 句末放，As well 同一样
[语境]
I also like swimming.我也喜欢游泳。
I like swimming, too.我也喜欢游泳。
I like swimming as well.我也喜欢游泳。
[搭配]
also can 也可以
me too 我也是
as well as 和...一样
1
[考点]
语法位置：Also 在句中；Too 和 as well 在句尾。
语体选择：写作中用 also 更正式；口语中用 too 更自然。
4.Another vs One more
[差异]Another means an additional thing of the same type.One moreemphasizes
the number, meaning "one additional".
Another 指“另一个”（同类事物）；One more 强调数量，“再多一个”。
[口诀]Another 同类换，One more 数量添
[语境]
This pen doesn't work.Can I have another one 这支笔坏了。我能要另一支吗？
I need one more minute to finish.我还需要一分钟来完成。
[搭配]
another day 改天
another one 另一个
one more time 再一次
one more thing 还有一件事
[考点]
词性区分：Another 是限定词；One more 是数量短语。
使用场景：要替代品用 another；要增加数量用 one more。
5.Arrive in (at) vs Get to vs Reach
[差异]Arrive in/at is formal.Get to is informal.Reach is more formal and
often used for achieving a destination after effort.
Arrive in/at 是正式用语；Get to 是口语；Reach 较正式，常指经过努力后到达。
[口诀]Arrive 正式达，Get to 口语到，Reach 努力抵达
[语境]
We arrived at the station at 5 PM.我们下午 5 点到达车站。
What time did you get to school 你几点到学校的？
After climbing for hours, we reached the top.爬了几小时后，我们到达了山顶。
[搭配]
arrive in Beijing 到达北京（大地方）
arrive at the airport 到达机场（小地方）
get to the park 到达公园
reach a goal 达成目标
[考点]
介词搭配：arrive in + 大地点；arrive at + 小地点。
语法注意：arrive 和 get 后要接介词；reach 是及物动词，直接接地点。
6.Can vs Be able to vs Have the ability to do
[差异]Can is for general ability.Be able to is for specific ability in a
situation.Have the ability to do is formal and emphasizes inherent capability.
Can 指一般能力；Be able to 指具体情境下的能力；Have the ability to do 是正式
用语，强调内在能力。
[口诀]Can 能力广，Be able to 特定上，Have the ability 正式讲
[语境]
I can swim.我会游泳。
I was able to finish the work yesterday.我昨天能够完成工作。
She has the ability to solve complex problems.她有能力解决复杂问题。
[搭配]
2
can do 能够做
be able to see 能够看到
have the ability to learn 有学习能力
[考点]
时态限制：Can 没有将来时和完成时，此时要用 be able to。
语体区分：日常用 can；正式报告、简历中用 have the ability to。
7.Continue vs Go on
[差异]Continue is more formal.Go on is more informal and conversational.
Continue 更正式；Go on 更口语化。
[口诀]Continue 正式继，Go on 口语续
[语境]
Please continue with your presentation.请继续你的演示。
Go on, I'm listening.继续说，我在听。
[搭配]
continue to do 继续做
continue with 继续...
go on doing 继续做
go on with 继续...
[考点]
语体选择：写作中用 continue；日常对话用 go on。
语法结构：两者都可接动名词，但 continue 还可接不定式。
8.Cost vs Spend vs Take vs Pay
[差异]Cost is for things (what the thing costs).Spend is for people (what
you spend on).Take is for time (how long it takes).Pay is for people (what you pay
for).
Cost 指某物花费多少钱（物作主语）；Spend 指人花费金钱或时间（人作主语）；Take 指
花费时间（it 作形式主语）；Pay 指人为某物付款（人作主语）。
[口诀]Cost 物花钱，Spend 人花钱，Take 它花时间，Pay 人付款
[语境]
The book costs $20.这本书售价 20 美元。
I spent $20 on the book.我花了 20 美元买这本书。
It took me two hours to read it.读这本书花了我两小时。
I paid $20 for the book.我付了 20 美元买这本书。
[搭配]
cost money 花费金钱
spend time 花费时间
take time 花费时间
pay for 为...付款
[考点] 主语区分：这是最重要的考点！务必记清每个词的主语是谁。
介词搭配：spend on, pay for 是固定搭配。
9.Cross vs Go across
[差异]Cross is a single verb meaning to go from one side to the other.Go
across is a phrasal verb with the same meaning but more descriptive.
Cross 是单个动词，指“横穿”；Go across 是短语动词，意思相同但更具描述性。
[口诀]Cross 直接穿，Go across 描述全
[语境]
3
Cross the road carefully.小心过马路。
Go across the bridge to get to the park.过桥到公园。
[搭配]
cross the street 过马路
cross the river 过河
go across the road 过马路
go across the field 穿过田野
[考点]
词性区分：Cross 是及物动词；Go across 中的 across 是介词。
使用频率：Cross 更简洁常用。
10.Decide vs Make a decision vs Make up one's mind
[差异]Decide is the standard verb.Make a decision is more formal.Make up
one's mind is informal and implies ending hesitation.
Decide 是标准动词；Make a decision 更正式；Make up one's mind 是口语，暗示结
束犹豫。
[口诀]Decide 决定做，Make a decision 正式说，Make up one's mind 决心定
[语境]
I decided to study abroad.我决定出国留学。
We need to make a decision soon.我们需要尽快做决定。
Make up your mind! 快做决定吧！
[搭配]
decide to do 决定做
make a final decision 做最终决定
make up my mind 下定决心
[考点]
语体区分：日常用 decide；正式场合用 make a decision；催促别人时用 make up your
mind。
语法结构：decide to do; make a decision about。
11.Die vs Lose one's life
[差异]Die is the direct and common word.Lose one's life is more formal and
respectful, often used in news or formal reports.
Die 是直接、常用的词；Lose one's life 更正式、庄重，常用于新闻或正式报道。
[口诀]Die 普通死，Lose one's life 庄重逝
[语境]
His grandfather died last year.他的祖父去年去世了。
Three firefighters lost their lives in the blaze.三名消防员在大火中丧生。
[搭配]
die of illness 因病去世
die from an accident 死于事故
lose one's life in a war 在战争中丧生
[考点]
语体色彩：日常交流用 die；表示尊重或正式报道中用 lose one's life。
介词搭配：die of/from (死于...)，lose one's life in (在...中丧生)。
12.Else vs Other
[差异]Else means "in addition" or "different," and is used after question
words or indefinite pronouns.Other means "different ones" and is used before nouns.
Else 意为“其他的”、“别的”，用在疑问词或不定代词后；Other 意为“其他的”，用在
4
名词前。
[口诀]Else 词后跟，Other 名前放
[语境]
What else do you want 你还想要什么别的？
Do you have any other questions 你还有其他问题吗？
[搭配]
someone else 别人
anything else 别的任何东西
other people 其他人
the other day 前几天
[考点]
语法位置：这是核心考点！Else 后置，Other 前置。
易混点：Anyone else (还有别人吗) vs Any other person (任何其他人)。
13.Favorite vs Like best
[差异]Favorite is an adjective or noun describing the one you like most.Like
best is the verb phrase with the same meaning.
Favorite 是形容词或名词，指“最喜欢的”；Like best 是动词短语，意思相同。
[口诀]Favorite 形名用，Like best 动词冲
[语境]
Blue is my favorite color.蓝色是我最喜欢的颜色。
I like blue best.我最喜欢蓝色。
[搭配]
my favorite book 我最喜欢的书
a favorite of mine 我的一个最爱
like swimming best 最喜欢游泳
[考点]
词性区分：Favorite 是形容词/名词；Like best 是动词短语。 句型转换：这是“同义句转换”题的常见考点。
14.Finally vs At last vs In the end
[差异]Finally can mean "after a long time" or "as the last point." At
lastemphasizes relief after a long wait.In the end means "after everything has been
considered."
Finally 可指“经过很长时间后”或“作为最后一点”；At last 强调经过漫长等待后的
解脱感；In the end 指“经过所有一切之后”。
[口诀]Finally 终于到，At last 期盼了，In the end 结局晓
[语境]
Finally, I finished my homework.我终于完成了作业。
At last! You're here! 你总算来了！
In the end, we decided to stay home.最后，我们决定呆在家里。
[搭配]
finally arrive 最终到达
at last! 总算来了！
in the end 最终
[考点]
情感色彩：At last 情感最强烈，表达期盼已久。
逻辑关系：In the end 常用来总结经过一系列过程后的最终结果。
15.Found vs Establish vs Set up
5
[差异]Found means to start an organization.Establish is more formal.Set up
is informal.
Found 指“创立”组织；Establish 更正式；Set up 是口语。
[口诀]Found 创组织，Establish 正式立，Set up 口语建
[语境]
They founded the company in 1995.他们在 1995 年创立了这家公司。
The school was established in 1900.这所学校成立于 1900 年。
He set up a small business.他创办了一个小企业。
[搭配]
found a school 创办学校
establish a system 建立体系
set up a company 成立公司
[考点]
语体区分：历史描述用 found；正式文件用 establish；日常交流用 set up。
词形变化：found (创立) 的过去式是 founded，注意与 find (找到) 的过去式 found
区分。
16.Happen vs Take place
[差异]Happen is general, often for accidental events.Take place is for
planned events.
Happen 是通用词，常指偶然事件；Take place 指有计划的事件。
[口诀]Happen 偶然发，Take place 计划下
[语境]
The accident happened suddenly.事故突然发生了。
The meeting will take place tomorrow.会议将于明天举行。
[搭配]
happen to do 碰巧做
what happened 发生了什么？ take place in 在...地方举行
[考点]
事件性质：意外事件用 happen；预定事件用 take place。
语法特征：happen to do (碰巧...) 是重要考点。
17.Leave vs Be away
[差异]Leave is an action verb meaning "to go away from." Be awaydescribes a
state of being not present.
Leave 是动作动词，指“离开”；Be away 描述“不在”的状态。
[口诀]Leave 动作离，Be away 状态去
[语境]
I leave home at 8 every day.我每天 8 点离开家。
He will be away for a week.他将离开一周。
[搭配]
leave for 动身去...
be away from 远离...
leave a message 留言
[考点]
动词类型：Leave 是瞬间动词；Be away 是状态动词，可与一段时间连用。
18.Like vs Love vs Enjoy vs Be fond of vs Be interested in vs Care for
[差异]Like is general.Love is stronger.Enjoy emphasizes getting pleasure.Be
6
fond of is quite formal.Be interested in means having interest.Care for is formal
for "like."
Like 是通用词；Love 程度更强；Enjoy 强调享受乐趣；Be fond of 相当正式；Be
interested in 指有兴趣；Care for 是正式的“喜欢”。
[口诀]Like 一般喜，Love 深爱里，Enjoy 享乐趣，Fond of 正式提，Interested in 兴
趣起，Care for 正式喜
[语境]
I like music.我喜欢音乐。
She loves her family.她爱她的家人。
He enjoys playing football.他享受踢足球。
She is fond of classical music.她喜爱古典音乐。
I'm interested in science.我对科学感兴趣。
I don't care for coffee.我不喜欢咖啡。
[搭配]
like doing 喜欢做
enjoy oneself 玩得开心
be fond of 喜爱
be interested in 对...感兴趣
[考点]
程度排序：Like < Be fond of < Love。
介词搭配：be fond of, be interested in, care for 是固定搭配。
19.Maybe vs Perhaps vs May be
[差异]Maybe and Perhaps are adverbs meaning "possibly." Perhaps is more
formal.May be is a verb phrase.
Maybe 和 Perhaps 是副词，意为“可能”；Perhaps 更正式；May be 是动词短语。
[口诀]Maybe 口语或，Perhaps 正式可，May be 动词说
[语境]
Maybe I'll go tomorrow.或许我明天去。
Perhaps we should wait.也许我们应该等等。
It may be true.这可能是真的。
[搭配]
maybe tomorrow 也许明天
perhaps later 或许稍后
may be right 可能是对的
[考点]
词性区分：Maybe/Perhaps 是副词；May be 是情态动词+be 动词。
写作选择：口语多用 maybe；写作可用 perhaps 提升正式度。
20.Now vs At the moment
[差异]Now is general.At the moment emphasizes "exactly at this time."
Now 是通用词；At the moment 强调“就在此刻”。
[口诀]Now 现在宽，At the moment 此刻专
[语境]
I'm busy now.我现在很忙。
I'm busy at the moment.我此刻正忙。
[搭配]
from now on 从现在开始
right now 就在现在
7
at the moment 此刻
[考点]
时间范围：Now 可指较宽泛的“现在”；At the moment 特指“当下这一刻”。
语法位置：At the moment 常放在句末。
21.Over vs More than
[差异]Over can mean "more than" in numbers.More than is the standard phrase.
Over 在数字上可表示“超过”；More than 是标准短语。
[口诀]Over 超数简，More than 正式见
[语境]
Over 100 people attended.超过 100 人参加。
More than 100 people attended.超过 100 人参加。
[搭配]
over ten years 超过十年
more than enough 绰绰有余
over and over 反复地
[考点]
语体选择：口语中常用 over 表数量；正式写作中建议用 more than。
多义词：Over 还有其他意思（在...上方、结束），需根据语境判断。
22.Quit vs Stop vs Drop vs Give up
[差异]Quit is informal for stopping an activity.Stop is general.Drop is
informal for discontinuing.Give up means to stop trying.
Quit 是停止某活动的口语词；Stop 是通用词；Drop 是中断的口语词；Give up 指放弃
尝试。
[口诀]Quit 停止事，Stop 通用词，Drop 放弃课，Give up 弃尝试
[语境]
I quit smoking.我戒烟了。
Stop talking! 别说话了！
She dropped the physics course.她放弃了物理课。
Don't give up! 别放弃！
[搭配]
quit doing 停止做
stop talking 停止说话
drop out 退学
give up trying 放弃尝试
[考点]
感彩：Give up 带有“经努力后放弃”的含义。
固定搭配：drop out of school (辍学) 是重要短语。
23.Return vs Give back
[差异]Return is more formal.Give back is informal.
Return 更正式；Give back 是口语。
[口诀]Return 正式还，Give back 口语返
[语境]
Please return the book to the library.请把书归还图书馆。
Can you give me back my pen 能把我的笔还给我吗？
[搭配] return to 返回 give back to 归还给
8
[考点]
语体选择：正式场合用 return；日常交流用 give back。
语法结构：give back 是短语动词，代词宾语要放在中间 (give it back)。
24.Sometimes vs At times
[差异]Both mean "occasionally." At times is slightly more formal.
两者都指“有时”；At times 稍正式些。
[口诀]Sometimes 时有，At times 正式偶
[语境]
Sometimes I go for a walk after dinner.我有时晚饭后散步。
At times I feel lonely.我偶尔感到孤独。
[搭配]
sometimes late 有时迟到
at times difficult 偶尔困难
[考点]
频率副词：Sometimes 是频率副词，用在实义动词前，be 动词后。
可互换性：大多数情况下可互换，不影响意思。
25.Should vs Ought to vs Be supposed to
[差异]Should is general advice.Ought to is stronger, suggesting moral
duty.Be supposed to refers to expectations or rules.
Should 是通用建议；Ought to 语气更强，暗示道德责任；Be supposed to 指按规定或
预期应该做。
[口诀]Should 建议当，Ought to 责任强，Be supposed to 规定讲
[语境]
You should study harder.你应该更努力学习。
We ought to help the poor.我们应该帮助穷人。
You are supposed to wear a uniform.你应该穿制服。
[搭配]
should do 应该做
ought to help 应该帮助
be supposed to arrive 应该到达
[考点]
语气强度：Ought to > Should。 含义侧重：Be supposed to 强调外部规定或期望。
26.Then vs At that moment vs At that time
[差异]Then is general for "at that time." At that moment emphasizes a
specific point in time.At that time is more formal.
Then 是通用的“那时”；At that moment 强调“在那一瞬间”；At that time 更正式。
[口诀]Then 那时泛，At that moment 瞬间专，At that time 正式谈
[语境]
I was young then.我那时还年轻。
At that moment, the phone rang.就在那时，电话响了。
At that time, I lived in Beijing.那时我住在北京。
[搭配]
just then 就在那时
at that very moment 就在那一瞬间
at that time 在那时
[考点]
9
时间精度：At that moment 指的时间点最精确。
写作运用：在讲故事时，用 at that moment 能增强画面感。
27.Visit vs Call on sb
[差异]Visit is general.Call on is more formal and old-fashioned.
Visit 是通用词；Call on 更正式且稍显过时。
[口诀]Visit 拜访常，Call on 正式访
[语境]
We visited our grandparents.我们拜访了祖父母。
The minister called on the president.部长拜访了总统。
[搭配]
visit a friend 拜访朋友
call on someone 拜访某人
[考点]
现代用法：现在 call on 更多用于“请某人发言” (call on someone to speak)。
语体选择：日常交流中用 visit 即可。
28.Will vs Be going to vs Be about to
[差异]Will for decisions made at speaking or predictions.Be going to for
plans or evidence-based predictions.Be about to for the immediate future.
Will 用于说话时做的决定或预测；Be going to 用于已有计划或有依据的预测；Be
about to 用于即刻要发生的未来。
[口诀]Will 决定预，Be going to 计划据，Be about to 即刻去
[语境]
I'll help you.我会帮你的。(刚做的决定)
I'm going to visit Paris next year.我明年要去巴黎旅游。(已有计划)
The movie is about to start.电影马上就要开始了。(即刻发生)
[搭配]
will do 将要做
be going to rain 要下雨了
be about to leave 即将离开 [考点]
时间远近：Be about to 时间最近，be going to 次之，will 最宽泛。
计划性：有计划的用 be going to，临时决定的用 will。
29.Want vs Would like
[差异]Want is direct.Would like is more polite.
Want 是直接的“想要”；Would like 更礼貌。
[口诀]Want 直接要，Would like 礼貌道
[语境]
I want a hamburger.我要一个汉堡包。
I would like a hamburger, please.请给我一个汉堡包。
[搭配]
want to do 想要做
would like to do 想要做(礼貌)
would like some 想要一些(礼貌)
[考点]
礼貌程度：在餐厅、商店等场合用 would like 更得体。
语法结构：两者都接不定式 to do。 30.Why vs What for vs How come
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[差异]Why is standard.What for asks about purpose.How come is informal.
Why 是标准词；What for 询问目的；How come 是口语。
[口诀]Why 标准因，What for 目的询，How come 口语闻
[语境]
Why are you late 你为什么迟到？
What is this tool for 这个工具是做什么用的？
How come you didn't call 你怎么没打电话？
[搭配]
why not 为什么不
what for 为了什么
how come 怎么会
[考点]
语法结构：How come 后接陈述句语序 (How come you are late )。
语义侧重：What for 专门询问用途或目的。
31.Whatever vs No matter what
[差异]Both mean "regardless of what," but no matter what is more emphatic.
两者都指“无论什么”，但 no matter what 语气更强。
[口诀]Whatever 无论什，No matter what 强调甚
[语境]
Whatever you decide is fine with me.无论你决定什么我都同意。
I'll support you no matter what.无论如何我都会支持你。
[搭配]
whatever happens 无论发生什么
no matter what you say 无论你说什么
[考点]
语法功能：Whatever 可作代词或形容词；No matter what 是连接短语。
语气强度：强调决心时用 no matter what。
32.Whenever vs No matter when
[差异]Both mean "at any time," but no matter when is more emphatic. 两者都指“无论何时”，但 no matter when 语气更强。
[口诀]Whenever 随时可，No matter when 强调刻
[语境]
You can call me whenever you need help.你随时需要帮助都可以给我打电话。
I'll be here no matter when you come.无论你什么时候来，我都会在这里。
[搭配]
whenever possible 只要可能
no matter when 无论何时
[考点]
可互换性：大多数情况下可互换，但强调语气时用 no matter when。
语法简化：Whenever 比 no matter when 更简洁。
33.Walk vs Go...on foot
[差异]Walk is the standard verb.Go on foot emphasizes the manner of travel.
Walk 是标准动词；Go on foot 强调出行方式。 [口诀]Walk 步行动，Go on foot 方式重
[语境]
I walk to school every day.我每天步行上学。
We went to the park on foot.我们步行去的公园。
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[搭配]
walk home 步行回家
go on foot 步行去
on foot 步行(状语)
[考点]
语法结构：Walk 是动词；On foot 是介词短语作方式状语。
同义转换：walk to school = go to school on foot。
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