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If引导的条件状语从句知识点讲解与专项练习题
一、核心知识点讲解
1. 核心定义
if 表示“如果”，引导的条件状语从句用来表示“在某种条件下，某事才会发生”，从句在句中作状语，起修饰主句的作用。
2. 句子结构
结构一：if 从句 + 逗号 + 主句
例句：If you take the bus to the party, you’ll be late.
结构二：主句 + if 从句
例句：You’ll be late if you take the bus to the party.
3. 三大时态原则
这是 if 条件状语从句的核心考点，必须牢记“从句用现在时，主句用将来/情态/祈使形式”
①主将从现：主句用一般将来时（will + 动词原形），if 从句用一般现在时
例句：If I get up late tomorrow, I’ll be late for school.
②主情从现：主句含情态动词（must/can/may/should 等），if 从句用一般现在时
例句：If you have the flu, you should see a doctor.
③主祈从现：主句是祈使句，if 从句用一般现在时
例句：Let me know if you need my help.
4. 常见句型转换
①if not 与 unless 互换：if not = unless（除非；如果不）
例句：If you don’t get up early, you’ll be late. = Unless you get up early, you’ll be late.
②祈使句+and/or+一般将来时 if 从句
顺承关系（and）：Study hard, and you’ll pass the exam. = If you study hard, you’ll pass the exam.
转折关系（or）：Study hard, or you won’t pass the exam. = If you don’t study hard, you won’t pass the exam.
③with/without 短语 if 从句
例句：If you help me, I’ll finish the work. = With your help, I’ll finish the work.
5. 特殊用法
①if 条件状语从句中，用 any 代替 some 表示“一些”
例句：If you have any questions, ask the teacher.
②用助动词 do/does/did 替代前文重复的动作
例句：I think I’ll take the bus. If you do, you’ll be late.
③if 表“是否”时，引导的是宾语从句，时态根据语境变化，不遵循“主将从现”
例句：I want to know if he will come to the party.
二、专项练习题
（一）单项选择
If you ______ English every day, your English ______ better.
A. learn; will get B. will learn; get C. learn; get D. will learn; will get
—If she ______ to the party, she ______ a gift for us.
—That’s great.
A. comes; brings B. will come; will bring C. comes; will bring D. will come; brings
We ______ a picnic if the weather ______ fine this Sunday.
A. have; is B. will have; is C. have; will be D. will have; will be
I don’t know if he ______ tomorrow. If he ______, I’ll call you at once.
A. comes; comes B. will come; comes C. comes; will come D. will come; will come
If you have ______ problems, don’t be afraid to ask for help.
A. some B. any C. a D. an
______ you don’t wear a helmet, you may get hurt when riding a bike.
A. If B. Unless C. Because D. So
Let us know if you ______ the answer to this question.
A. find B. finds C. will find D. found
If it ______ snow next week, we ______ go skiing.
A. snow; will B. snows; will C. will snow; / D. snowed; would
—Can I use your computer
—Yes, you can if you ______ it clean.
A. keep B. will keep C. kept D. keeps
If you ______ the book, you ______ the interesting stories in it.
A. read; find B. will read; find C. read; will find D. read; finds
If they ______ the project on time, they ______ a big prize.
A. finish; get B. will finish; get C. finish; will get D. finished; got
She ______ the movie if she ______ her homework tonight.
A. watches; finishes B. will watch; finishes C. watches; will finish D. will watch; will finish
______ you study hard, you won’t pass the final exam.
A. If B. Unless C. When D. Because
If you ______ carefully, you ______ what the teacher says.
A. listen; understand B. will listen; understand C. listen; will understand D. listened; understood
If there ______ no water on the earth, all living things ______ die.
A. is; will B. will be; will C. is; / D. was; would
I ______ you if I ______ the news tomorrow morning.
A. tell; get B. will tell; get C. tell; will get D. will tell; will get
If he ______ too much sugar, he ______ have a toothache.
A. eats; will B. eat; will C. eats; / D. will eat; will
—What will happen if we ______ the meeting
—We will miss the important information.
A. miss B. will miss C. missed D. misses
If you ______ the window, fresh air ______ come in.
A. open; will B. will open; will C. open; / D. opened; would
If she ______ late again, the teacher ______ angry with her.
A. is; will be B. will be; is C. is; is D. will be; will be
（二）用所给词的适当形式填空
If we ______ (not plant) trees, the environment ______ (become) worse.
He ______ (visit) his grandparents if he ______ (have) time this weekend.
If you ______ (drink) more water, you ______ (feel) better soon.
If they ______ (not hurry), they ______ (miss) the last bus.
Please close the door if you ______ (leave) the classroom.
If she ______ (practice) dancing every day, she ______ (be) a good dancer.
We ______ (go) swimming if the weather ______ (be) hot tomorrow.
If you ______ (not finish) your homework, you ______ (not go) out to play.
If he ______ (call) me, I ______ (tell) him the truth.
Let him know if you ______ (need) his help with the project.
If you ______ (read) this book, you ______ (know) more about history.
She ______ (buy) a new phone if she ______ (save) enough money.
If we ______ (take) the underground, we ______ (arrive) faster.
If it ______ (rain) tomorrow, we ______ (cancel) the sports meeting.
If you ______ (speak) English as much as possible, your oral English ______ (improve).
They ______ (win) the game if they ______ (play) together well.
If you ______ (not look) at the road, you ______ (have) an accident.
If my brother ______ (come) back, I ______ (call) you.
If you ______ (heat) ice, it ______ (turn) into water.
If she ______ (not sleep) well, she ______ (feel) tired the next day.
（三）翻译句子（每空一词，共20分）
如果他努力学，就能通过这次测试。
If he ______ ______, he ______ ______ the test.
如果她不吃早餐，会感到饿的。
If she ______ ______ breakfast, she ______ ______ hungry.
如果我们去爬山，会看到美丽的风景。
We ______ ______ beautiful scenery if we ______ mountain climbing.
如果明天刮风，我们就不去放风筝了。
If it ______ ______ tomorrow, we ______ ______ kites.
如果他撒谎，他的朋友就不会信任他了。
His friends ______ ______ him if he ______ a lie.
如果你多喝牛奶，你的骨头会更结实。
If you ______ more milk, your bones ______ ______ stronger.
如果我有时间，我会帮你学数学。
I ______ ______ you with math if I ______ time.
如果他们不遵守规则，会受到惩罚。
They ______ ______ punished if they ______ ______ the rules.
如果你大声说话，宝宝会被吵醒的。
The baby ______ ______ woken up if you ______ loudly.
如果她参加比赛，她会获得第一名。
She ______ ______ the first prize if she ______ in the competition.
如果我们浪费水，未来会没有水可用。
We ______ ______ no water to use in the future if we ______ water.
如果你每天跑步，你会变得更健康。
You ______ ______ healthier if you ______ every day.
如果他错过公交车，就会上班迟到。
He ______ ______ late for work if he ______ the bus.
如果我见到他，我会把消息告诉他。
I ______ ______ him the news if I ______ him.
如果你们不安静，老师会批评你们的。
The teacher ______ ______ you if you ______ not quiet.
如果它是一只猫，它就会捉老鼠。
It ______ ______ mice if it ______ a cat.
如果你按下这个按钮，机器就会启动。
The machine ______ ______ if you ______ this button.
如果我们种更多树，空气会更清新。
The air ______ ______ fresher if we ______ more trees.
如果她学画画，她会成为一名艺术家。
She ______ ______ an artist if she ______ to draw.
如果我忘记带伞，会被雨淋湿的。
I ______ ______ wet in the rain if I ______ ______ take an umbrella.
（四）同义句转换
Study hard, or you won’t get good grades.
If you study hard, you ______ ______ good grades.
Take the medicine, and you’ll feel better soon.
______ you ______ the medicine, you’ll feel better soon.
If you don’t give me a hand, I can’t finish the work.
I can’t finish the work ______ ______ ______.
We will go to the beach if it is sunny tomorrow.
We ______ go to the beach ______ it is sunny tomorrow.
If you are careful, you won’t make mistakes.
______ ______ careful, ______ you’ll make mistakes.
Save electricity, and we can protect the earth.
______ ______ save electricity, we can protect the earth.
If you don’t get up early, you’ll miss the sunrise.
______ ______ up early, ______ you’ll miss the sunrise.
With his advice, I can make the right decision.
I can make the right decision if ______ ______ me advice.
Unless you try your best, you won’t succeed.
______ you ______ try your best, you won’t succeed.
Run quickly, and you’ll catch the bus.
______ ______ run quickly, you’ll catch the bus.
If you don’t water the flowers, they will die.
The flowers will die ______ ______ ______.
Eat more fruit, and you’ll keep away from illness.
______ ______ eat more fruit, you’ll keep away from illness.
If you aren’t brave, you can’t face the difficulty.
You can’t face the difficulty ______ ______ brave.
Without your support, we can’t win the match.
We can’t win the match if ______ ______ support us.
If you read more books, you’ll have more knowledge.
______ more books, ______ you’ll have more knowledge.
Don’t play computer games too much, or you’ll hurt your eyes.
______ you play computer games too much, you’ll hurt your eyes.
If you take exercise every day, you’ll keep fit.
______ ______ exercise every day, and you’ll keep fit.
Unless it snows, we will go skating.
We will go skating ______ it ______ snow.
If you don’t follow the traffic rules, you’ll be in danger.
______ ______ the traffic rules, ______ you’ll be in danger.
With enough time, I can finish the painting.
I can finish the painting if ______ ______ enough time.
参考答案
（一）单项选择
1-5 ACBBB 6-10 AABAC 11-15 CBBCA 16-20 BAAAA
（二）用所给词的适当形式填空
don’t plant; will become
will visit; has
drink; will feel
don’t hurry; will miss
leave
practices; will be
will go; is
don’t finish; won’t go
calls; will tell
need
read; will know
will buy; saves
take; will arrive
rains; will cancel
speak; will improve
will win; play
don’t look; will have
comes; will call
heat; turns
doesn’t sleep; will feel
（三）翻译句子
studies hard; will pass
doesn’t have; will feel
will see; go
blows wind; won’t fly
won’t trust; tells
drink; will be
will help; have
will be; don’t follow
will be; speak
will win; joins
will have; waste
will become; run
will be; misses
will tell; see
will punish; are
will catch; is
will start; press
will be; plant
will be; learns
will get; forget to
（四）同义句转换
will get
If; take
without your help
won’t; unless
Don’t be; or
If we
Don’t get; or
he gives
If; don’t
If you
without water
If you
unless you’re
you don’t
Read; and
If
Take more
if; doesn’t
Don’t follow; or
I have

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