资源简介

(共33张PPT)
Compulsory 3
Unit 3　The world online
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
As teens spend more time online, there is an old challenge that has taken on a new form: cyberbullying.
Cyberbullying is in some ways worse than traditional bullying because the attacks can live forever on the Internet and can reach a much broader audience. And it's especially urgent to address at a time when teen mental health has already taken such a hit.
But there's some encouraging news from a new study suggesting that nurturing gratitude in students could reduce this online abuse.
The study included almost 500 11 to 17 year olds from three different schools in Spain. The students participated in either a four week gratitude program, a four week cyberbullying education program, or neither.
Across the four one hour sessions in the gratitude program, the students learned about gratitude, practiced through activities, and role played scenarios using gratitude to reduce the risk and harm of cyberbullying. For example, teens were asked to think about a difficult experience related to cyberbullying and then think about someone who helped them in one way or another through that experience.
The cyberbullying education program involved discussions about what cyberbullying is, how it is different from traditional bullying, and how the students might be able to prevent or take action during a cyberbullying incident.
All the students took a survey at the beginning and end of their program, as well as three months afterward, which asked them how much they had engaged in cyberbullying in the recent past, including calling someone names via text or online messages and spreading rumors about someone on the Internet.
The result suggests that learning about and practicing gratitude may have lasting impacts on an adolescent's tendency to engage in cyberbullying—after only four hours of lessons. The fact that a decrease in cyberbullying didn't occur right away for gratitude, as it did with cyberbullying education, suggests that it may have taken time for the young people to think about and incorporate it into their lives. A combination of these two approaches could be most helpful, the authors suggest.
1. Which is the worst situation of bullying according to the text
A. Jack forced Sam to do homework for him.
B. Julia named Lily a stupid donkey in her vlog.
C. Tina asked classmates not to play with Linda.
D. Tom kicked his classmate hard during a break.
2. What does the underlined word “address” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Give up. B. Find out. C. Deal with. D. Bully online.
3. What are paragraphs 4 to 7 mainly about
A. The purpose of the research.
B. The principle of the research.
C. The procedure of the research.
D. The application of the research.
4. What can be the best title for the text
A. Caber Education: A New Threat to Tradition
B. Education Program: A New Way of Teaching
C. Program Survey: A New Approach to Research
D. Gratitude Education: A New Solution to Online Abuse
答案及解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种减少网络欺凌的努力：在学校课程当中添加感恩教育和网络欺凌科普教育，结果表明有效果。
1. B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Cyberbullying is in some ways worse than traditional bullying because the attacks can live forever on the Internet and can reach a much broader audience. (网络欺凌在某些方面比传统欺凌更糟糕，因为这些攻击可以永远存在于互联网上，并且可以覆盖更广泛的受众。)”和倒数第二段“All the students took a survey at the beginning and…and spreading rumors about someone on the Internet. (所有学生在课程开始和结束时以及之后的三个月都接受了一项调查，询问他们最近参与了多少次网络欺凌，包括通过短信或在线消息辱骂他人以及在互联网上散布有关某人的谣言。)”可知，利用了社交媒体的霸凌行为最严重；霸凌最糟糕的情况是：Julia在她的视频博客中称Lily是一头蠢驴。故选B。
2. C　词义猜测题。根据第二段“Cyberbullying is in some ways worse than traditional bullying…when teen mental health has already taken such a hit. (网络欺凌在某些方面比传统欺凌更严重，因为这些攻击可以永远存在于互联网上，并且可以覆盖更广泛的受众。在青少年心理健康已经受到如此严重的打击之际，这一问题尤为紧迫。)”可知，address在句中意为“解决”。故选C。
3. C　段落大意题。根据第四段中的“The study included almost 500 11 to 17 year olds…a four week cyberbullying education program, or neither. (该研究包括来自西班牙三所不同学校的近500名11至17岁的学生。学生们要么参加了为期四周的感恩课程，要么参加了为期四周的网络欺凌教育课程，或者两者都没有。)”、第五段中的“Across the four one hour sessions in the gratitude program…to reduce the risk and harm of cyberbullying. (在感恩计划的四个一小时的课程中，学生们通过活动和角色扮演的情景来实践感恩，并使用感恩来减少网络欺凌的风险和伤害。)”、第六段“The cyberbullying education program involved discussions…take action during a cyberbullying incident. (网络欺凌教育课程涉及讨论什么是网络欺凌，它与传统欺凌的区别，以及学生如何在网络欺凌事件中预防或采取行动。)”以及第七段“All the students took a survey at the beginning…and spreading rumors about someone on the Internet. (所有学生在课程开始和结束时以及之后的三个月后都接受了一项调查，询问他们最近参与了多少次网络欺凌，包括通过短信或在线消息辱骂他人以及在互联网上散布有关某人的谣言。)”可知，第四段至第七段是在详细描述第三段提到的“a new study”，解释了研究工作的整个过程。故选C。
4. D　标题归纳题。通读全文，特别是第三段“But there's some encouraging news from a new study suggesting that nurturing gratitude in students could reduce this online abuse. (但是一项新的研究带来了一些鼓舞人心的消息，表明培养学生的感恩之心可以减少这种网络欺凌。)”可知，本文是在介绍用感恩教育减少网络欺凌。D项“Gratitude Education: A New Solution to Online Abuse(感恩教育：解决网络暴力的新方法)”最能概括全文。故选D。
B
(2025·山东日照)
The social media platform Instagram once made headlines for limiting likes in an effort to reduce the comparisons and hurt feelings resulting from attaching popularity to sharing content. “A small step in the right direction,” says Jacqueline Sperling, a psychologist who works with the youths that experience anxiety disorders.
Social media has a reinforcing nature. The platforms are designed to be addictive and are related to anxiety, depression, and even physical illnesses. But what makes users come back for more even when it can literally make them feel sick
“The unknown outcome and the possibility of a desired outcome can keep users engaged with the sites,” Sperling says. “When the outcome is unpredictable, the behavior is more likely to repeat.” To boost self esteem and feel a sense of belonging in their social circles, people post content with the hope of receiving positive feedback. FOMO—Fear of Missing Out—also plays a role. Teenagers hope to keep track of friends' activities. Missing experiences can create anxiety and depression.
The earlier teens start using social media, the greater impact they have on mental health. This is especially true for females. Social media increases the opportunity for such harmful interactions.
In addition, social media puts a lens filter (滤镜) on appearances and reality. When there's a filter applied to the digital world, it can be hard for teens to tell what's real and what isn't, which comes at a tough time for them physically and emotionally.
We can benefit from social platforms to some extent, as they allow people to stay in touch with family and friends around the world. Still, the platforms have opened a “Pandora's box” as they continue to evolve more quickly than we can research their impact.
In addition to limiting likes, Sperling suggests social platforms consider decreasing mass sharing. Regardless of how likely social media giants are to change their ways, though, individuals can take control of their own behavior.
5. Why does Instagram limit likes
A. To share more content.
B. To increase its popularity.
C. To ensure teens' well being.
D. To reduce teens' online time.
6. What does “Pandora's box” in paragraph 6 imply
A. Social media can be double edged.
B. People benefit from social platforms.
C. People get boxes of gifts from social platforms.
D. Social media opens a door for people to see the world.
7. Which of the following does Sperling agree with about social media
A. Its lens filters help teens to tell the real world.
B. Its unpredictable outcome attracts frequent visits.
C. It is helpful to teens with anxiety and depression.
D. It has a greater impact on female teens than male teens.
8. What will the author most probably talk about next
A. Advice on users' controlling mass sharing.
B. Reasons for teens' posting addictions.
C. Negative effects of harmful interactions.
D. Ways of social media giants' management.
答案及解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了社交媒体 Instagram 限制点赞的举措并分析了青少年频繁刷朋友圈的原因，呈现了社交媒体的一些不良影响。
5. C　细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“The social media platform Instagram once made headlines for limiting likes in an effort to reduce the comparisons and hurt feelings resulting from attaching popularity to sharing content.(社交媒体平台Instagram曾因限制点赞，以减少因分享内容受欢迎而产生的比较和伤害感情而成为头条新闻。)”可知，Instagram 限制点赞的目的在于减少攀比，减少感情受到伤害的可能性；根据文章第二段中的“The platforms are designed to be addictive and are related to anxiety, depression, and even physical illnesses.(这些平台旨在让人上瘾，并与焦虑、抑郁甚至身体疾病有关。)”可知，社交媒体与焦虑、抑郁甚至身体疾病的产生也息息相关。同时文章的谈论对象为青少年。因此，Instagram 此举有助于青少年健康地使用社交媒体以确保其身心健康。故选C。
6. A　推理判断题。根据第六段“We can benefit from social platforms to some extent, as they allow people to stay in touch with family and friends around the world. Still, the platforms have opened a ‘Pandora's box’ as they continue to evolve more quickly than we can research their impact.(在某种程度上，我们可以从社交平台中受益，因为它们允许人们与世界各地的家人和朋友保持联系。尽管如此，这些平台还是打开了一个‘潘多拉的盒子’，因为它们的发展速度比我们研究它们的影响要快得多。)”前后两个句子的逻辑关系可知，社交媒体既有利也有弊。所以“潘多拉的盒子”意味着社交媒体可能是一把双刃剑。故选A。
7. B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘The unknown outcome and the possibility of a desired outcome can keep users engaging with the sites,’ Sperling says. ‘When the outcome is unpredictable, the behavior is more likely to repeat.’(Sperling说：‘未知的结果和预期结果的可能性可以让用户留在网站上。当结果不可预测时，这种行为更有可能重复。’)”可知，当结果不可预测时，越有可能重复这种行为——频繁刷朋友圈。故选B。
8. A　推理判断题。根据最后一段 Sperling 建议减少大量分享以及本段最后一句“Regardless of how likely social media giants are to change their ways, though, individuals can take control of their own behavior.(然而，无论社交媒体巨头有多大可能改变他们的方式，个人都可以控制自己的行为。)”可知，接下来作者有可能会谈论关于个人如何减少大量分享的建议。故选A。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2024·湖南长沙)
It's 2024 and almost everyone with a smartphone also has a high resolution (分辨率) camera built in. We carry this image making __1__ with us at all times. We snap photos and videos of our daily lives.
Every day I record something. It seems I __2__ go 24 hours without snapping a photo or video of some sort. I began to wonder—why Why can't I just go a day without pressing the shutter (快门) button My huge number of photos and videos began to __3__ me.
I've loved photography since I was a teenager. Lots of cherished family __4__ were documented. Revisiting them was like __5__ a treasure box. I'm __6__ for these visual records because they showed my youth and growth.
For more than a decade I worked as a professional filmmaker and photographer because I loved the __7__ conveyed by the story on video. I recorded a wide range of varieties, therefore collecting tens of thousands of __8__—both still and moving. However, gradually I felt I was drowning under them and so I deleted a large part. This was __9__ but in some ways it set me free.
Image taking and __10__ have greatly changed ever since the social media became popular. Like it or not, it's not surprising to see many have become __11__ sharing our lives on the social media—about 86 million images are __12__ to WeChat daily. We want to show others what we're up to. We want to be seen. We want to __13__. Perhaps it helps us feel less __14__ as if someone is there to see us grow and achieve. We don't feel as if we're __15__.　　　　　　　　　
1. A.skill B. material C. tool D. system
2. A.rarely B. personally C. casually D. frequently
3. A.satisfy B. excite C. disappoint D. burden
4. A.decorations B. names C. moments D. bedtime
5. A.clearing B. opening C. hiding D. breaking
6. A.grateful B. sorry C. fit D. ready
7. A.song B. detail C. confidence D. emotion
8. A.films B. images C. cameras D. photographers
9. A.difficult B. convenient C. worthwhile D. necessary
10. A.selling B. fixing C. sharing D. cheating
11. A.addicted to B. responsible for C. afraid of D. curious about
12. A.moved B. applied C. turned D. uploaded
13. A.forget B. explain C. connect D. admit
14. A.confused B. important C. selfish D. lonely
15. A.remembered B. ignored C. interrupted D. controlled
答案及解析：本文是一篇记叙文。作者介绍了自己拍照片和视频来记录生活的爱好。
1. C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们一直随身携带着这个用来拍照的工具。A.skill技巧；B.material材料；C.tool工具；D.system系统。根据上文“a high resolution (分辨率) camera”可知，相机是拍照的工具。故选C。
2. A　考查副词词义辨析。句意：我似乎很少24小时不拍一张照片或视频。A.rarely很少；B.personally就本人而言，个人；C.casually偶然地，随意地；D.frequently频繁地，经常。根据上文“Every day I record something.(我每天都要记录一些东西。)”及下文“Why can't I just go a day without pressing the shutter (快门) button (为什么我就不能一天不按快门呢 )”可知，作者很少有哪一天不拍照片或者视频。故选A。
3. D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：海量的照片和视频开始成为我的负担。A.satisfy使满意；B.excite使兴奋；C.disappoint使失望；D.burden使担负，负重。根据上文“My huge number of photos and videos”以及下文提到作者删除大部分照片可知，太多的照片和视频开始成为作者的负担。故选D。
4. C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多珍贵的家庭时刻被记录下来。A.decorations装饰品；B.names名字；C.moments时刻；D.bedtime就寝时间。根据上文“I've loved photography since I was a teenager.(我从十几岁起就喜欢摄影。)”可知，作者从十几岁起就喜欢摄影，记录下了很多珍贵的家人在一起的时刻。故选C。
5. B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：重访它们就像打开了一个百宝箱。A.clearing清理；B.opening打开；C.hiding躲，藏；D.breaking打破。根据上文“Revisiting them”可知，再次看以前的照片和视频就像打开了一个百宝箱。故选B。
6. A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激这些影像记录，因为它们记录了我的青春和成长。A.grateful感激的；B.sorry抱歉的，遗憾的；C.fit合适的，健康的；D.ready准备好的。根据下文“because they showed my youth and growth”可知，作者感激这些影像记录。故选A。
7. D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：十多年来，我一直是一名专业的电影制作人和摄影师，因为我喜欢视频中故事所传达的情感。A.song歌曲；B.detail细节；C.confidence自信；D.emotion情感。根据下文“conveyed by the story on video”及语境可知，作者喜欢视频中故事所传达的情感。故选D。
8. B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我记录了各种各样的照片，因此收集了数以万计的照片——既有静止的，也有移动的。A.films电影；B.images图像；C.cameras照相机；D.photographers摄影师。根据上文“I recorded a wide range of varieties”及下文“both still and moving”可知，作者喜欢拍照片记录生活，故收集了很多照片。故选B。
9. A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很困难，但在某种程度上，它让我自由了。A.difficult困难的；B.convenient方便的；C.worthwhile值得的；D.necessary必要的。根据下文“but in some ways it set me free”可知，空处与下文是转折关系，故指删除大部分虽然困难，但也让作者得到自由。故选A。
10. C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从社交媒体流行以来，拍照和分享的方式发生了很大的变化。A.selling售卖；B.fixing修理，安装；C.sharing分享；D.cheating欺骗。根据下文“many have become __11__ sharing our lives on the social media”可知，此处指拍照和分享的方式发生了很大的变化。故选C。
11. A　考查形容词短语辨析。句意：不管你喜不喜欢，看到许多人沉迷于在社交媒体上分享我们的生活并不奇怪——每天大约有8 600万张图片上传到微信上。A.addicted to沉迷于；B.responsible for为……负责；C.afraid of害怕；D.curious about对……好奇。根据上文“since the social media became popular(自从社交媒体变得流行)”以及下文“about 86 million images are __12__ to WeChat daily”可知，许多人沉迷于在社交媒体上分享生活。故选A。
12. D　考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.moved移动；B.applied申请，应用；C.turned翻转；D.uploaded上传。根据语境及空后“to WeChat”可知，人们沉迷于在社交媒体上分享生活，每天大约有8 600万张图片上传到微信上。故选D。
13. C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们想要获取联系。A.forget忘记；B.explain解释；C.connect连接，联系；D.admit承认。根据上文“We want to show others what we're up to. We want to be seen.(我们想让别人知道我们在做什么。我们想要被看到。)”可知，此处指人们沉迷于社交媒体是因为想要与外界联系在一起。故选C。
14. D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也许它能帮助我们减少孤独感，就好像有人在那里看着我们成长和取得成就。A.confused困惑的；B.important重要的；C.selfish自私的；D.lonely孤单的。根据语境及下文“as if someone is there to see us grow and achieve”可知，在社交媒体上分享自己的生活能够减少孤独感。故选D。
15. B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不会觉得自己被忽视了。A.remembered记得，想起；B.ignored忽视；C.interrupted打断，打扰；D.controlled控制。根据语境及上文“as if someone is there to see us grow and achieve(就好像有人在那里看着我们成长和取得成就)”可知，此处指这样我们就不会觉得自己被忽视了。故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·江苏南通)
In the coming era of budget cuts to education, distance learning could become the norm.
The temptation for those in charge of education budgets to trade teachers for technology could be so strong that they ignore 1.__________ disadvantages of distance learning. School facilities are expensive 2.__________ (build). Online classes do not require buildings and each class can host hundreds of people at the same time, 3.___________ (result) in greater savings. But moving away from a traditional classroom 4.__________ a living, breathing human being teaches and interacts with students daily 5.__________ (be) a disaster. Physically attending school has hidden benefits: getting up 6.__________ (early), interacting more with peers, and building better relationships with teachers. Moreover, schools should be more than simple institutions of traditional learning. They are places where students 7.__________ (offer) counseling (咨询) and other support.
the
to build
resulting
where
is
earlier
are offered
Those policymakers are often fascinated by the latest technology in education and its potential to transform education overnight. 8.__________, online education does not allow a teacher to keep a struggling student after class and offer help. Educational videos are unable to make eye contact or assess a student's level of engagement. Given these 9.__________ (expect), schools should not become permanently “remote”. Technology, however 10.__________ (advance), should simply be a tool of a good teacher.
However
expectations
advanced
答案及解析：本文是一篇议论文。文章认为在即将到来的教育预算削减时代，远程学习可能成为常态。然而，在线课程也有很多不足之处。
1. the　考查冠词。句意：对于那些负责教育预算的人来说，用技术取代教师的诱惑可能是如此强烈，以至于他们忽视了远程教育的缺点。根据“of distance learning”可知，此处对“disadvantages”进行特指，需用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
2. to build　考查非谓语动词。句意：学校设施的建造很昂贵。“be＋adj.＋to do”为固定结构，空处需填动词不定式to build。故填to build。
3. resulting　考查非谓语动词。句意：在线课程不需要建筑物，每个课程可以同时容纳数百人，从而节省了更多的成本。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语“do not require”和“can host”，空处需填非谓语动词作结果状语，result和前面的句子为逻辑上的主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填resulting。
4. where　考查定语从句。句意：但是，从一个活生生的、会呼吸的人每天教导学生并与学生互动的传统课堂中脱离出来，是一场灾难。空处引导定语从句，先行词a traditional classroom，在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。
5. is　考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意同上。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，且主语为动名词短语“moving away from a traditional classroom”，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填is。
6. earlier　考查副词的比较级。句意：到学校上学有隐藏的好处：起得更早，与同龄人互动更多，与老师建立更好的关系。根据“more”和“better”可知，此处表示“更早地”，需用副词的比较级earlier。故填earlier。
7. are offered　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：它们是为学生提供咨询和其他支持的地方。空处为定语从句的谓语，根据“are”可知，此处为一般现在时，主语students和offer为被动关系，需用被动语态，且主语为复数名词，谓语动词使用复数形式。故填are offered。
8. However　考查副词。句意：然而，在线教育不允许老师在课后留下一个有困难的学生并提供帮助。上文提到“这些政策制定者常常被最新的教育技术及其在一夜之间改变教育的可能性所吸引”，下文提到“在线教育不允许老师在课后留下一个有困难的学生并提供帮助”，上下文之间为转折关系，此处需填副词however，修饰整个句子，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填However。
9. expectations　考查名词。句意：考虑到这些期望，学校不应该永远是“远程的”。空处需填名词作宾语，expectation意为“期望”，是可数名词，结合限定词“these”可知，此处需填名词的复数形式。故填expectations。
10. advanced　考查形容词。句意：技术，无论多么先进，都应该是一个好老师的工具。however引导的让步状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，完整的从句是however it is advanced，省略it is，空处需填形容词advanced作表语。故填advanced。

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