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(共21张PPT)
聚焦语法
第6讲　介词与介词的搭配
Ⅰ.在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
1. It is important to know what colours look good __________ your skin before you buy clothes.
against
句意：在购买衣服前，了解什么样的颜色衬你的肤色很重要。此处要用介词against，表示“在……衬托下，以……为背景”。
2. You're likely to get the flu if you wear a short dress with your arms and legs exposed __________ the cold.
to
be exposed to…意为“暴露在……”，为固定搭配，这里为过去分词短语在with的复合结构中作宾补。
3. She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went __________ the road.
off
句意：她在转弯处开得如此快，以至于车差点偏离公路。off “离开，偏离”。
4. It's __________ great importance to ask for help and let people know how you feel if you are worried or anxious.
of
句意：如果你感到担心或焦虑，寻求帮助并且让人们知道你的感受是非常重要的。be＋of＋抽象名词＝be＋名词的同源形容词。
5. On Saturday, millions of parents watching the show disapproved of the“endless” ads delaying the show __________ 12 minutes.
by
句意：周六，几百万观看该节目的家长对冗长的广告将节目推迟12分钟，表达了不满。设空处与后面的12 minutes表示推迟的幅度，故填by。
6. Walt Disney took art classes as a boy and got a job as a commercial designer __________ the age of 18.
at
at the age of “在……岁时”。
7. A total of 956 swimmers from 31 countries and regions, __________ (include) the United States, Russia and Britain, will take part in the enjoyable event.
including
句意：来自包括美国、俄罗斯、英国等31个国家和地区的共956名游泳选手将参加这一令人愉快的赛事。including为介词，意为“包括”。
8. In the 1950s, when jetliners were starting to become mainstream, the De Havilland Comet came __________ fashion.
句意：20世纪50年代，当喷气式客机开始成为主流时，德·哈维兰彗星型客机开始流行起来。come into fashion“成为时尚”。
into　
9. Worried that the mother goose would attack him if he got close __________ the baby, Givens called the local SPCA chapter.
to
句意：担心如果靠近小鹅，母鹅会攻击他，于是吉文斯打电话给当地的爱护动物协会分会。get close to“靠近”。
10. My parents and teachers were surprised __________ my bad performance.
at
句意：我的父母和老师对我糟糕的表现感到很惊讶。be surprisedat“对……感到惊讶”。
11. Scientists think they are beginning to break __________ in the fight against cancer.
through
句意：科学家们认为他们在抗击癌症方面开始有所突破。根据句意可知，空处表示“突破”，应为固定短语break through。
12. __________ the wind and the rain, I still enjoy working outside in the wild.
Despite　
句意：尽管刮风下雨，我仍然喜欢在外面的野外工作。根据句意可知，句子的前半部分是让步状语，根据空后名词短语the wind and the rain”可知，空处应填介词despite“尽管”，表示一种让步关系，即尽管有某种不利条件存在，但后文所述的情况仍然成立，句首单词首字母大写。故填Despite。
13. So scientists have come up __________ a shocking idea.
with
come up with “想出，提出”。
14. __________ electricity, life would not be so convenient today.
Without　
句意：没有电，现在的生活就不会如此方便。根据句意，介词without表示“没有”。
15. A large number of people think the truth has been covered up __________ purpose.
on purpose “故意”。
on　
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2025·安徽合肥)
China is one of the few countries that can trace its existence back over thousands of years to 221 BC, 1.__________ it was united by the Qin Dynasty. In ancient times, civil wars or foreign invasions divided China into rival kingdoms, 2.__________ after every period of disturbance, China would always come into one united country.
Over history, the Chinese people created their language and their civilization. Their 3.__________ (write) characters appeared in the Shang Dynasty in the second millennium BC. Their 4.__________ (invent), especially paper, printing, gunpowder and the compass, 5._____________ (remarkable) transformed the fortunes of the whole humanity. They are the key to 6.____________ (understand) why China's economy was among the largest in the world for 20 of the last 22
when
but
written　
inventions
remarkably
understanding
centuries, and why a third of global GDP in 1820 was composed 7.__________ Chinese market, more than America, the UK and Europe combined. Over the last 45 years, the world 8.__________ (see) another astonishing reversal of China. By releasing the enterprising genius of its people, China has achieved the 9._______ (great) and fastest economic expansion the world has ever known. Under the leadership of the CPC, no less than 800 million people have lifted 10.__________ (they) out of poverty in a nation that has a fifth of all humanity and a vast area almost as large as Europe.
of　
has seen
greatest
themselves　
答案及解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的历史发明以及经济发展。
1. when　考查定语从句。句意：中国是少数几个可以追溯到公元前221年的国家之一，当时它被秦朝统一。空格处为非限制性定语从句的连接词，先行词为221 BC表示时间，关系词在从句中作状语，所以用when。故填when。
2. but　考查连词。句意：在古代，内战或外族入侵将中国分割成敌对的王国，但在每一个动荡时期后，中国总是会成为一个统一的国家。“civil wars or foreign invasions divided China into rival kingdoms”与“China would always come into one united country”之间为转折关系，所以用连词but。故填but。
3. written　考查形容词。句意：他们的文字符号出现在公元前两千年的商朝。空格处位于名词之前，修饰名词，此处指的是“文字符号”，所以用written，作定语修饰characters。故填written。
4. inventions　考查名词。句意：他们的发明，尤其是造纸术、印刷术、火药和指南针，极大地改变了整个人类的命运。空格处位于形容词性物主代词之后，因此需要填入名词，invent的名词为invention，此处指的是多种发明，所以要用复数。故填inventions。
5. remarkably　考查副词。句意同上。空格处位于动词之前，修饰动词，所以需要填入副词remarkably。故填remarkably。
6. understanding　考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是理解为什么中国经济在过去22个世纪中有20个世纪是世界上最大的经济体之一，以及为什么中国市场在1820年占全球GDP的三分之一，超过美国、英国和欧洲的总和的关键。to为介词，介词之后需要加动名词。故填understanding。
7. of　考查介词。句意同上。be composed of “由……组成”。故填of。
8. has seen　考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的45年里，世界见证了中国又一次惊人的逆转。空格处需要填入谓语动词，句子的时间状语为“Over the last 45 years”，所以需要用现在完成时，且主语the world为第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故填has seen。
9. greatest　考查形容词。句意：通过释放其人民的进取天赋，中国实现了世界上有史以来最大和最快的经济扩张。空格处与fastest并列，所以要用形容词最高级。故填greatest。
10. themselves　考查代词。句意：在中国共产党的领导下，在一个人口占世界五分之一、面积几乎和欧洲一样大的国家，不少于8亿人摆脱了贫困。空格处需要填入的代词指代主语，所以需要用反身代词。故填themselves。

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