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(共21张PPT)
聚焦语法
第11讲　名词性从句
Ⅰ.在空白处填入1个适当的单词
1. It is raining heavily. __________ the sports meeting will be held depends on the weather.
考查主语从句。句意：天正在下大雨。运动会何时举行取决于天气。“______ the sports meeting will be held”是主语从句，根据句意可知，应用when引导，且句首单词首字母需大写。故填When。
When
2. Despite the fact __________ the Chinese team faced the strong opponents, it made it eventually.
that
考查同位语从句。句意：尽管中国队面临着强大的对手，但最终还是取得了胜利。空处引导的同位语从句，作the fact的同位语，从句中不缺成分，且句意完整，所以用that引导该从句。故填that。
3. The problem is __________ we can turn to for help when in trouble.
who/whom
考查表语从句。句意：问题是我们遇到困难时能向谁求助。此处为表语从句，从句中缺少turn to的宾语，且指人，所以此处使用连接代词who或者whom。故填who/whom。
4. Whether big or small, __________ all our choices have in common is that they lead to specific consequences.
what
考查主语从句。句意：无论大小，我们所有的选择都有一个共同点，那就是它们都会导致特定的后果。设空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事情。故填what。
5. The reason why he was late was __________ he missed the train by one minute this morning.
that
考查表语从句。句意：他迟到的原因是他今天早上晚了一分钟没赶上火车。设空处引导的表语从句，构成the reason why…was that…的固定结构。故填that。
6. The humble apartment is __________ the great writer once lived.
where
考查表语从句。句意：那间简陋的公寓是那位伟大作家曾经住过的地方。设空处引导的是表语从句，根据句意可知，表示“住过的地方”用where。故填where。
7. Most parents understand __________ important education is to their children's future.
how
考查宾语从句。句意：大多数父母都明白教育对孩子的未来多么重要。“______ important education is to their children's future”是宾语从句，引导词修饰形容词important，结合句意，表示“多么”，用连接副词how引导从句。故填how。
8. She returned only to find the house was in a mess but she had no idea __________ was to blame.
who
考查同位语从句。句意：她返回去发现房子里一片狼藉，却不知道是谁干的。设空处引导同位语从句，说明idea的内容，从句缺少主语，指人，应用who。
9. He asked me __________ pronunciation in English was the best in the class.
whose
考查宾语从句。句意：他问我班上谁的英语发音最好。设空处引导的是宾语从句，此处表示“谁的”使用whose引导宾语从句。
10. _________ expects a good mark in the exam is supposed to make great efforts in their daily learning.
Whoever
考查主语从句。句意：任何期望在考试中取得好成绩的人都应该在日常学习中付出巨大努力。设空处引导主语从句，表示“任何人”，应用whoever引导，且位于句首，首字母大写。故填Whoever。
11. Leaves contain certain temperature sensitive chemicals. That's ________ the leaves change color in the fall.
why
考查表语从句。句意：叶子含有某些对温度敏感的化学物质。这就是树叶在秋天变色的原因。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少原因状语，需用连接副词why引导。故填why。
12. __________ we can have clean drinking water lies in __________ effective measures will be taken by the government about water pollution.
Whether
考查主语从句和宾语从句。句意：我们是否能喝上干净的饮用水在于政府对水污染采取什么样的有效措施。分析句子可知“______ we can have clean drinking water”是主语从句，意思是“我们能否喝上干净的饮用水”，所以用whether来引导，首字母大写。故第一空填Whether。“______ effective measures will be taken by the government about water pollution”是宾语从句，意思是“政府对水污染采取什么样的有效措施”，故用what来引导。故第二空填what。
what
13. I was so nervous that I hardly tell __________ direction was left.
which
考查宾语从句。句意：我太紧张了，几乎分不清左边是哪个方向。空处引导宾语从句，表示“哪一个”应用which。故填which。
14. I wondered __________ the first day of school was always such a circus.
whether/if
考查宾语从句。句意：我不知道开学的第一天是否总是那么热闹。空处引导宾语从句，从句不缺成分，此处表示“是否”，需用连接词whether/if引导。
15. __________ theory must be put into practice is __________ we must always keep in mind.
That
考查主语从句和表语从句。句意：理论必须付诸实践，这是我们必须始终牢记的事情。分析句子结构可知，“theory must be put into practice”是一个完整的主语从句，句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，因此第一个空应用连接词that引导主语从句，且首字母大写。故第一空填That。第二个空为表语从句，从句缺少keep的宾语，指的是事情，连接词为what。故第二空填what。
what
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2025·安徽马鞍山)
A Californian woman has become a fitness influencer in her 50s after losing more than 40 pounds and taking up bodybuilding.
Denise Kirtley, 54, was inspired 1._______ (turn) her life around two months before her 50th birthday after finding that her wedding ring no longer fit on her finger.
“When I 2.________ (start) my transformation in 2020, I had been sedentary (惯于久坐不动的) for 3.__________ long while,” Kirtley explained. She began lifting light weights in her spare bedroom, saying she was 4.__________ unfit for the first two weeks that she quickly felt 5.____________ (breath) and tired. But Kirtley said the secret to 6.________ (get) started on a body transformation is 7._________ (simple) to repeat workouts five times per week because action often precedes (先于) motivation.
to turn
started
a
so
breathless
getting
simply
“Action leads to more action. We can't wait for motivation to kick in as it usually comes 8.__________ (late),” she said. “If you can start taking action, any action, you will build momentum (推进力). That momentum will push you forward. It DOES get easier.”
The 54 year old said she'd also transformed her attitude toward growing older. “We really do get to choose 9.________ we age. It's all about your mindset,” she said. “Old and aging are very different—there's nothing wrong 10._________ aging, and I embrace (欣然接受) my age. I'm aging, but I'm strong and spirited.”
later
how
with
答案及解析：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了54岁的Denise Kirtley通过健身改变了自己的生活，她的故事表明了人们要以积极的行动来面对老龄化。
1. to turn　考查动词不定式。句意：54岁的Denise Kirtley在50岁生日前两个月发现她的结婚戒指不再适合她的手指后，受到激励，决定改变自己的生活。inspire sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”，被动形式为“be inspired to do sth.”。故填to turn。
2. started　考查动词时态。句意：Kirtley解释道：“当我在2020年开始转变时，我已经习惯久坐不动了。”根据句中的“in 2020”可知，动词start使用一般过去时。故填started。
3. a　考查冠词。句意同上。while为单数名词，long是以辅音音素开头的单词，因此使用不定冠词a，for a long while意为“很长一段时间”。故填a。
4. so　考查结果状语从句。句意：她开始在闲置的卧室里举重，她说前两周她身体不适，很快就感到呼吸困难和疲惫。空格处应填入so，与that构成“so…that…”，意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。
5. breathless　考查形容词。句意同上。此处使用形容词作表语，需要的词义为“气喘吁吁的”，即breathless。故填breathless。
6. getting　考查动名词。句意：但Kirtley说，开始形体转变的秘诀很简单：每周重复锻炼五次，因为动作往往先于动力。“the secret to…”表示“……的秘密”，to为介词，后接动名词作宾语。故填getting。
7. simply　考查副词。句意同上。使用副词作状语修饰动词不定式to repeat ，需要的词义为“简单”，为simply。故填simply。
8. later　考查比较级。句意：我们不能等待动力的激发，因为它通常来得较晚。使用副词的比较级作状语修饰动词comes，需要的词义为“较晚地”，即later。故填later。
9. how　考查宾语从句。句意：我们真的可以选择衰老的方式。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导宾语从句，从句缺少状语，表示“做某事的方式”，因此使用how引导宾语从句。故填how。
10. with　考查固定句型。句意：年纪大和衰老是非常不同的——衰老没有错，我欣然接受自己的年龄。there's nothing wrong with意为“……没有错”。故填with。

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