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(共21张PPT)
聚焦语法
第15讲　构词法
Ⅰ.在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式
1. The delay in delivery has put us to great _____________ (convenience).
inconvenience
句意：发货的延迟给我们带来了很大的不便。根据形容词修饰名词及句意可知，convenience“便利”变为inconvenience“不便利”。故填inconvenience。
2. The ___________ (remarkable) talented violinist fascinated the audience with her flawless performance.
remarkably
句意：这位极具天赋的小提琴家以她完美无瑕的演奏迷住了观众。这里用副词修饰形容词talented。remarkable为形容词，意为“非凡的”，其副词形式为remarkably“非常地，惊人地”。故填remarkably。
3. He has only been playing football as a __________ (profession) for two years.
professional
句意：他作为职业球员只踢了两年足球。根据句意和as a可知，此处应用其派生名词professional“专业人员”的单数形式作as的宾语。故填professional。
4. Rapidly nodding your head can leave the impression that you are __________ (patient) and too eager to add something to the conversation.
impatient
句意：迅速点头会给人留下你没有耐心、急于在谈话中添加内容的印象。are后需跟形容词作表语，由too eager to add something to the conversation可知，此空格处为“没有耐心的”，其形容词为impatient。故填impatient。
5. Students are encouraged to think ________ (critic) in class instead of accepting opinions without questioning them.
critically
句意：在课堂上鼓励学生进行批判性思考，而不是不加质疑地接受观点。修饰动词think，需用副词critically“批判性地”，作状语。故填critically。
6. It is __________ (legal) to employ someone under the age of sixteen.
illegal
句意：雇用16岁以下的人是违法的。根据常识可知，雇用16岁以下的人应该是违法的。故填illegal。
7. You may find to your __________ (amaze) that there is more kindness in your community than you ever believe possible.
amazement
此处考查固定短语to one's amazement“令某人吃惊的是”。故填amazement。
8. If we carry our burdens all the time, sooner or later, as the burden becomes __________ (increase) heavy, we won't be able to carry on.g of the school year, Kameron was having some difficulties in
increasingly
此处应用副词来修饰动词。故填increasingly。
9. Some comedians tell jokes about the way people __________ (behavior).
behave
句意：一些喜剧演员以人们的行为举止为题材讲笑话。the way是先行词，后面是定语从句，缺少谓语，故用所给词的动词形式，由主句中的tell(一般现在时)再结合语境可知从句部分也用一般现在时，主语people为复数。故填behave。
10. Due to the widespread __________ (apply) of this medical technology, more diseases can be discovered and treated at an early stage.
application
句意：由于这种医药技术的广泛应用，可以在早期发现和治疗更多的疾病。分析句子可知，形容词widespread后用名词，此空为“应用”的意思，且为不可数名词。故填application。
11. This gives the paintings deeper __________ (mean) and more elegance.
meaning
空格处作宾语，并且与后面的名词elegance并列，应填名词。故填meaning。
12. After some time, when both of you have renewed your ________ (confident) in each other, go back to the time when you nearly fell apart.
confidence
空格处作宾语，需要用名词。故填confidence。
13. Let's take the ______________ (responsible) to build up a low carbon city by riding bicycles.
responsibility
空格处作宾语，需要用名词。故填responsibility。
14. Throughout the buffet dinner, we enjoyed several fantastic _____________ (perform).
performances
句意：在自助餐的过程中，我们欣赏了几场精彩的表演。该空作句子宾语，应用名词，且被several修饰，应用名词复数。故填performances。
15. People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is __________ (use).
useless
句意：人们重返学校当然有各种各样的原因，但有一件重要的事情需要知道，没有知识是无用的。空格前是系动词is，故用形容词作表语；又由句意可知，是“没有知识是无用的”。故填useless。
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2025·山东济南)
Shuttlecock (毽子) kicking is a traditional popular folk game, dating as far back as the Han Dynasty.The fun game gained 1.__________ (popular) during the Tang Dynasty, when stores 2.__________ (specialize) in the shuttlecock business appeared. In the Qing Dynasty, shuttlecock kicking reached its peak in terms of both making techniques and kicking skills.
To make a feather shuttlecock, a piece of cloth wrapped around a coin 3.________ (need). Through the coin hole you can stick some feathers, 4._______ function is to delay the rising and falling of the shuttlecock.
popularity
specializing
whose
is needed
There 5.________ (be) a great number of variations in styles and methods of kicking. With one leg fixed on the ground, the shuttlecock is kicked by the inner ankle of 6.__________ other. Some other styles include kicking the shuttlecock backwards and forwards between two people. Those who advance to a high level of mastery can perform some actions that are 7.__________ (fair) wonderful. The challenge of the increasingly difficult levels of shuttlecock kicking has made it a popular and timeless game among Chinese children.
Playing with shuttlecocks is 8.__________ (benefit) to health. When people are kicking shuttlecocks, various parts of the body need to work together, which enhances balance capabilities and physical flexibility and helps them strengthen their legs. Besides, shuttlecock kicking is convenient 9.__________ (play). It can be practiced just about anywhere and anytime.
Since the establishment of the Chinese Shuttlecock Kicking Association in 1987, the national shuttlecock kicking tournament has been held annually, appealing 10.__________ people of all ages.
are
the
fairly
to play
to
beneficial
答案及解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了踢毽子是一项传统的民间运动，以及它的起源和发展。
1. popularity　考查名词。句意：这种有趣的游戏在唐代开始流行，当时专门从事毽子生意的商店出现了。分析句子可知，此处为名词popularity作宾语。故填popularity。
2. specializing　考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词，specialize与逻辑主语stores之间为主动关系，所以此处用现在分词。故填specializing。
3. is needed　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：要制作羽绒毽子，需要用一块布包裹一枚硬币。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词，主语a piece of cloth wrapped around a coin和动词need之间为被动关系，结合句意可知，该句为陈述客观事实，所以为一般现在时，且主语为第三人称单数。故填is needed。
4. whose　考查定语从句。句意：通过硬币孔可以插入一些羽毛，其作用是延缓毽子的起落。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词whose引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词some feathers在从句中作function的定语成分。故填whose。
5. are　考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：踢毽子的风格和方法有很多变化。分析句子可知，该句为There be句型，其谓语动词遵循主谓一致的就近原则，主语a great number of variations为复数意义，所以动词用复数形式，且讲述事实用一般现在时。故填are。
6. the　考查冠词。句意：一只脚固定在地面上，用另一只脚的内侧脚踝踢毽子。分析句子可知，此处为冠词the，构成the other，特指“另一只脚”，所以此处为定冠词the。故填the。
7. fairly　考查副词。句意：那些提升到精通水平的人可以做一些相当精彩的动作。分析句子可知，此处为副词fairly作状语修饰形容词wonderful。故填fairly。
8. beneficial　考查形容词。句意：踢毽子有益于健康。分析句子可知，此处为形容词短语be beneficial to“对……有益”。故填beneficial。
9. to play　考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，踢毽子也很方便。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语be＋adj.＋to do“做某事是怎样的”，所以此处为动词不定式形式作状语。故填to play。
10. to　考查介词。句意：自1987年中国毽球协会成立以来，每年都举办全国踢毽子比赛，吸引了各个年龄段的人们。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语appeal to“吸引”。故填to。

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