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(共23张PPT)
Unit 5 Focus on Language: Relative Clauses(2)
定语从句
——关系副词
Learning objectives
1.To read the passage and understand the attributive clauses led by where, when and why;
2.To learn what where, when and why refer to in these sentences:
3.To know the differences between which/that and where,when, why
Revision
1.什么是定语？
2.什么是定语从句？
3.定语从句的引导词有哪些？有什么区别
关系代词 指代 在定语从句中充当的成分 人 物 主语 宾语 定语
who
whom
which
that
whose
状语
Revision
4.怎么把两句话用定语从句连起来？
Lucy is a good listener. I enjoy playing with her.
This is the book which I bought yesterday.
5.怎么把定语从句的句子拆成两句话？
Lucy, who I enjoy playing with, is a good listener.
This is the book . I bought the book yesterday.
Complete the following sentences with relative pronouns. Circle the relative pronouns that can be left out.
1. Have you found the keys ________________ you lost
2. He is the person _____________ you want to see.
3. The man_____________ help you is Mr.White.
4. What's the name of the man _________ car you borrowed
that / which
that / whom/who
that / who
whose
Read the sentences from the text. Underline the words that introduce relative clauses and circle the words that the relative clauses refer to.
a. Eventually, it manages to reach the places where it will spend the winter.
b.The solution comes at a time when it is in serious trouble.
c. Sadly, human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling.
Observing and Exploring
Compare sentences a, b, c with d,e ,f and answer the questions.
a. Eventually, it manages to reach the places where it will spend the winter.
d.Eventually, it manages to reach the places.
It will spend the winter there.
Observing and Exploring
one sentence
defining the
noun”places”
two sentences
use an adverb
Compare sentences a, b, c with d,e ,f and answer the questions.
b. The solution comes at a time when it is in serious trouble.
e. It is in serious trouble.
The solution comes at this time.
Observing and Exploring
one sentence
defining the
noun”time”
two sentences
use a phrase to show the time
Compare sentences a, b, c with d,e ,f and answer the questions.
c. Sadly, human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling.
f.Sadly, human activity is the main reason.
For this reason, the number of monarch butterflies is falling.
Observing and Exploring
one sentence
defining the
noun”reason”
two sentences
use an adverb
What's the difference between the two groups of sentences
a. That was the day when it took only six hours to break my body and soul.
b. … the reason why I’m here to tell the story is that I made the right decision.
c.one day, my two brothers and I was coming back from the islands where we often risked going and get more fish than others.
d. That was the day.It took only six hours to break my body and soul.
e. The reason is that I made the right decision.
For this reason, I am here to tell the story.
f. One day, my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands. We often risked going there and got more fish than others.
Thinking
Why does the author choose to use sentences (a),(b)and (c) in the reading passage
当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中用作时间、地点、原因状语时，应使用关系副词when,where,why。
1.关系副词的作用如下:
(1)指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词
(2)在从句中充当句子成分--状语，即在从句中起副词的作用:
(3)起连接作用，把主句和定语从句连接起来构成主从复合句。
summary
关系副词引导的定语从句
①当先行词是表示时间的名词(如time, day,year,month, week等)且关系词在从句中作时间状语时，定语从句用when引导。
eg Can you tell me the time when the film will start
你能告诉我电影开始的时间吗
(1)when引导定语从句的用法
2.when, where,why引导的定语从句
①当先行词是表示具体地点的名词(如place,room,mountain,airport等)或抽象地点的名词(如condition,point, situation等),且关系词在从句中作地点状语时，定语从句用where引导
1. We have reached the house where we could look at the sky.
我们已经到了可以看到天空的房子。
2. He gets into a situation where he cannot focus on himself.
他陷入了一种无法专注的境地。
(2)where引导定语从句的用法
当先行词是表示原因的名词reason(s),且引导词在从句中作原因状语时，定语从句用why引导，且只能引导限制性定语从句。
I want to know the reason why you are late today.
我想知道你今天迟到的原因。
(3)why引导定语从句的用法
1.Do you still remember the days we spent togetheron the farm
2. Do you still remember the days we chatted with each other all night
3. His father works in a factory makes radio parts.
4. His father works in a factory the radio parts are good.
5. The reason he told me yesterday is a lie.
6. The reason he was absent was that he was ill.
that/ which
when
which / that
where
that
why
3.关系代词与关系副词的选择定语从句的引导词用关系代词还是关系副词可以用以下两种方式判断:
用法 依据
根据先行词在从句中所做成分 把先行词放入定语从句中，
若做主语或宾语用关系代词：
若句子成分完整则用关系副词
5.练习巩固
1. We visited the house ________ the famous scientist once lived.
2. The photo reminded me of the days ________ I played hide-and-seek with my brother.
3. There are two main reasons ______ this situation has been allowed to continue.
4. There are many good websites _______ you can check out the latest news in the science world.
where
when
why
where
5. The reason _____ I don’t know the thing is that I was not there at that time.
6. We have entered into an age ________dreams have the best chance of coming true.
7. The problem has come to a point ________ everyone has
different opinions and it is difficult to reach an agreement.
why
when
where
总结：when,where,why与that,which的区分
定语从句关系词的选择
判断从句
________
句子成分
缺________或________
选择________
主语
宾语
关系代词
如果句子完整
选择________
关系副词
总结做题方法
step1：
step2:
step3:
将先行词代如从句中看看是否缺成分
找先行词确定其性质（人/物）
确定关系代词/关系副词

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