资源简介

(共25张PPT)
Lead in
Imagine a student broke the window of the teaching building and you need to connect(联系) the staff(工作人员) to fix(修) the window.
Which is more proper
A: xxx broke the window.
B: The window was broken.
Not to blame(责备) someone,
but to focus on the problem .
Passive Voice
选必四 U1 Science Fiction---Review of Passive Voice
被动语态
Learning Objectives
01.
Understand when to use passive voice.
02.
Master how to use passive voice.
03.
Apply passive voice into reading and writing.
语用功能
有效输出
语言结构
The window was broken.
Tip1: 当说话者不知道动作是谁做的,
使用被动语态可以避免主语缺失，使句子结构完整。
Part1: When to use passive voice
英语在全世界使用。
English is spoken all over the world.
Tip2: 没必要知道动作施动者
使用被动语态可以省略无关信息，使表达更简明
Part1: When to use passive voice
Tip3: 当说话者想要突出动作的承受者时，
使用被动语态可以使句子重点更明确。
All the tickets have been sold out.
Part1: When to use passive voice
◇ The window was broken.
◇ English is spoken all over the world.
◇ All the tickets have been sold out.
be是“时态载体”
eg: The window was broken
“was”体现了过去时态
be动词的功能呈现
1
过去分词代表“动作承受结果”
eg: The window was broken
“broken”表明玻璃处于被打碎状态
过去分词的作用凸显
2
Part2: How to use the passive voice
被动语态公式：be + 过去分词
Read the following words and finish the tasks.
Cellphones ①are widely used nowadays.However, many of them ②are being used by teenagers.So far, many questions ③have been raised by their parents.④One of the questions is should they be used by students？Take Xiao Ming, who is a student from Class 2, Grade 2, Hong Xing High School as an example.Xiao Ming's cellphone ⑤was broken by his father yesterday evening.I couldn't get through to him because the cellphone ⑥was being repaired then.Before this, his cellphone ⑦had been broken four times because of his carelessness. The cellphone is very helpful for Xiao Ming, because he can search for learning materials through it. Xiao Ming's cellphone ⑧will be repaired well soon.Maybe by next Sunday the cellphone ⑨will have been brought home and ⑩will be being used by him again.
Task1: Find out the tense in each sentence.
Task2: Figure out the different structures of the passive voice.
①～⑩分别为_____________、__________、__________、含有
情态动词、__________、____________、____________、___________、__________和_____________的_________语态。
时态 被动语态
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
现在进行时
过去进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
含有情态动词
Cellphones ①are widely used nowadays.However, many of them ②are being used by teenagers.So far, many questions ③have been raised by their parents.④One of the questions is should they be used by students Take Xiao Ming, who is a student from Class 2, Grade 2, Hong Xing High School as an example.Xiao Ming's cellphone ⑤was broken by his father yesterday evening.I couldn't get through to him because the cellphone ⑥was being repaired then.Before this, his cellphone ⑦had been broken four times because of his carelessness. The cellphone is very helpful for Xiao Ming, because he can search for learning materials through it. Xiao Ming's cellphone ⑧will be repaired well soon.Maybe by next Sunday the cellphone ⑨will have been brought home and ⑩will be being used by him again.
①～⑩分别为_____________、__________、__________、含有情态动词、__________、____________、____________、___________、__________和_____________的_________语态。
Task1: Find out the tense in each sentence.
一般现在时
现在进行时
现在完成时
一般过去时
过去进行时
过去完成时
一般将来时
将来完成时
将来进行时
被动
Task2: Figure out the structures of passive voice under different tenses.
时态 被动语态
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
现在进行时
过去进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
含有情态动词
Cellphones ①are widely used nowadays.However, many of them ②are being used by teenagers.So far, many questions ③have been raised by their parents.④One of the questions is should they be used by students Take Xiao Ming, who is a student from Class 2, Grade 2, Hong Xing High School as an example.Xiao Ming's cellphone ⑤was broken by his father yesterday evening.I couldn't get through to him because the cellphone ⑥was being repaired then.Before this, his cellphone ⑦had been broken four times because of his carelessness. The cellphone is very helpful for Xiao Ming, because he can search for learning materials through it. Xiao Ming's cellphone ⑧will be repaired well soon.Maybe by next Sunday the cellphone ⑨will have been brought home and ⑩will be being used by him again.
判断主语是动作发出者还是动作承受者
01
判断语句中的时态(tense)
02
注意过去分词拼写正确
03
04
注意主谓一致（判断主语的单复数）
时态 被动语态
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
现在进行时
过去进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
含有情态动词
am/is/are done
was/were done
will be done
am/is/are being done
was/were being done
have/has been done
had been done
情态动词+be +done
How to use the passive voice？
Exercise
1. Mobile phones must________________(switch off) during the concert.
2 When I came here at this time last year, the conference hall _______________. (build)
3. Topics like life in the future, Al development, and aliens ________________ (often find) in sci-fi.
4. Do you know which country____________ (border) by Italy, Austria, Germany, and France
情态动词+be +done
be switched off
过去进行时was/were being + done
was being built
过去进行时am/is/are +done
are often found
is bordered
一般现在时 am/is/are +done
被动与否
01
时态
02
拼写
03
主谓一致
04
Earth's air is bad.
Your Mission: Decode(解码) the black box
& find out why the Ship Ark-7 disappeared.
Part3: Situational Application
→ We need Mars(火星) plants to make oxygen(氧气).
→ Ship Ark-7(飞船) carried the last plants... but disappeared(消失).
Two staff members(工作人员) recordings(录音) were left but they were conflicted(矛盾的). There was also a black box(黑匣子), whose message(信息) was incomplete(不完整的).
The plants were placed by humans! Security was active the whole time! The temperature was fixed once! Doors were locked at 21:00! Plants were safe! Nothing was happening at 21:30! We were checking the plants normally!
Staff A
The security system... it was disabled by someone! I saw it on the screen!
The temperature controls have been changed many times! I reported it!
While I was on duty, oxygen was being stolen! But no one believed me.
Staff B
Task1: Read the recordings and fill in the blanks.
Staff A Staff B
security system was active (正常运行)
was disabled
(被关闭)
temperature controls was fixed once (单次修复) have been changed
(多次篡改)
the oxygen were checking (常规检查)
was being stolen
(正在被窃取)
Task1: Read the recordings and fill in the blanks.
Journal 1：Pre-launch Report
Journal 2：Emergency Log
Journal 3：Final Moments
◇ The plants ___________ (put) in Box 3 at 08:00 this morning by robots(机器人).
◇ The security system (安全系统)______________ (disable破坏) five minutes before takeoff(起飞).
◇ No backup(备份) _____________ (make) when the ship left Earth.
◇ Temperature controls(温度控制) ___________________ (change) three times since 09:00.
◇ The plants ___________________ (expose暴露) to toxic(有毒的) air for 48 hours.
◇ While the data(数据) ______________ (delete删除) at 21:28, the alarm(警报) suddenly sounded.
◇ The oxygen(氧气) ________________ (steal偷) when the crew(人员) were sleeping.
were put
was disabled
was made
have been changed
have been exposed
was being deleted
was being stolen
被动与否
01
时态
02
拼写
03
主谓一致
04
Task2: Fill in the blanks and decode the black box message.
Staff A Staff B Black Box Journal
security system was active (正常运行) was disabled (被关闭)
was disabled
(被关闭)
temperature controls was fixed once (单次修复) have been changed (多次篡改) have been changed
(多次篡改)
the oxygen were checking (常规检查) was being stolen (正在被窃取)
was being stolen
(正在被窃取)
Task3: Compare the black box journals with the recordings
The reason why Ship Ark-7 disappeared was that
its security system was disabled and the oxygen was stolen.
Task4: Write an official crisis announcement
If you were the Space Agency spokesperson,
which do you think is more professional and proper
A: John forgot to close the door.
B: The door was left open.
被动语态 Passive Voice
◇ 主客观转换→将主语从「人」变为「物」，符合官方文书「对事不对人」原则
◇责任模糊化→避免直接主语（who left it open ）为后续协商留空间
◇信息焦点→强调「门开着的状态」而非「某人的行为」
聚焦个人过失
引发对John的追责
聚焦客观事实
引导调查流程缺陷
Write an official crisis announcement with passive voice.
Step1: Words Brainstorming
序号 | 英文词汇 | 中文释义
--------|-------------------|------------------
1 | destroy | 摧毁
2 | damage | 损坏
3 | investigate | 调查
4 | repair | 修理
5 | report | 报告
6 | rule | 规则
7 | break | 打破
8 | fix | 修理
9 | people | 人员
10 | check | 检查
1
2
3
事件动词
Event verbs
措施动词Action verbs
官方名词Official terms
1. destroy
2. damage
7. break
3. investigate
4. repair
8. fix
10. check
5. report
6. rule
9. people
（personnel）




Step2: Sentences Forming
改写以下句子，使其适合官方通告
1. 原句：The engineer disabled the security system.
被动句: ____________________________________________________
2. 原句: Someone has leaked confidential data.
被动句: _______________________________________________
3. 原句: We are analyzing all samples now.
被动句: _______________________________________________
4. 原句: The government will punish those responsible.
被动句: _______________________________________________
5. 原句: A worker left the emergency exit open.
被动句: _______________________________________________
The security system was disabled.
Confidential data has been leaked.
All samples are being analyzed.
Those responsible will be punished
The emergency exit was left.
1. 有人偷了氧气藻样本。
_____________________________________________
2. 他们现在正在修复系统。
_____________________________________________
3. 我们会调查这个问题。
_____________________________________________
4. 有人没遵守安全规定。
_____________________________________________
5. 他们明天会运来新设备。
_____________________________________________

Someone stole the oxygen algae samples.
被动语态 The oxygen algae samples were stolen.
The system is being fixed now.
This problem will be investigated.
Safety rules were not properly observed.
New equipment will be delivered tomorrow.
符合官方文书
「对事不对人」原则
突出重点，聚焦于事件本身
翻译以下句子，使其适合官方通告
Step3: Paragraph Writing
逻辑关系 | 连接词
-------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
因果 | as a result, consequently, hence, therefore, thus, so
转折 | however, but, nevertheless, whereas, yet
递进 | furthermore, moreover, besides, and, as well as
UNSA Incident Report
Prior to the incident, the oxygen algae(氧气藻) was damaged during transport. However, no alarms were triggered. And confidential data has been leaked from the central database. Now, all systems are being inspected by engineers, and is being fixed now. And new supplies will be delivered within 48 hours.

Incident+Action+Measures
Homework
请以记者身份撰写一篇关于"金钱如何影响人性"的报道（100词左右），需满足以下要求：
* 核心技巧：使用被动语态，注意语言客观，重点突出
* 内容要素：呈现1个负面现象（例：人们为了钱毫无底线，骨泥淀粉肠&黑心地沟油等），呈现1个正面案例（例：无偿善举被媒体报道）
不知道动作施动者
没必要知道动作施动者
强调动作承受者
Passive Voice
be+done
be表时态
done表状态
reading
writing
How
When
Apply!
Dreams are not given to those who sleep, but to those who dare to wake.
选必四 U1 Science Fiction---Review of Passive Voice
梦想不会赐予沉睡者
而是会给那些敢于醒来的人

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