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中考英语专题复习讲义——名词词义辨析（二）
第1组：view/sight
●用法精讲：
view：从某处看到的景色
sight：可见的物体或景象
速记口诀：view观赏景，sight可见物
●典型例题：
The hotel room has a beautiful mountain ___.
A. view B. sight C. scenery D. scene
答案：A（观赏视角）
●举一反三：
The Grand Canyon is a spectacular ___. (sight)
The ___ from the tower is panoramic. (view)
Keep out of ___! (sight)
第2组：habit/custom
●用法精讲：
habit：个人习惯
custom：社会习俗
速记口诀：habit个人惯，custom社会俗
●典型例题：
Shaking hands is a social ___ in many countries.
A. habit B. custom C. routine D. tradition
答案：B（社会习俗）
●举一反三：
Biting nails is a bad ___. (habit)
Local ___ should be respected. (customs)
Her daily ___ includes jogging. (habit)
第3组：matter/issue
●用法精讲：
matter：需处理的普通事务
issue：存在争议的重要问题
速记口诀：matter普通事，issue争议题
●典型例题：
Environmental ___ are discussed globally.
A. matters B. issues C. affairs D. topics
答案：B（争议性问题）
●举一反三：
It’s a personal ___. (matter)
Human rights ___ need attention. (issues)
What’s the ___ with the machine (matter)
第4组：furniture/equipment
●用法精讲：
furniture：家具（不可数）
equipment：设备（不可数）
速记口诀：furniture家中具，equipment工具器
●典型例题：
The lab ___ includes microscopes.
A. furniture B. equipment C. device D. tool
答案：B（设备）
●举一反三：
We need new office ___. (furniture)
Camping ___ is sold here. (equipment)
The ___ in the room is modern. (furniture)
第5组：advice/suggestion
●用法精讲：
advice：专业建议（不可数）
suggestion：可采纳的想法（可数）
速记口诀：advice专业议，suggestion提议点
●典型例题：
The doctor gave me some health ___.
A. advices B. suggestions C. tips D. proposals
答案：A（专业建议）
●举一反三：
Your ___ helped me a lot. (advice)
She made a good ___. (suggestion)
Follow the ___ in the manual. (advice)
第6组：chance/opportunity
●用法精讲：
chance：偶然的机会
opportunity：有利的机遇
速记口诀：chance偶然机，opportunity有利遇
●典型例题：
This job is a great ___ for growth.
A. chance B. opportunity C. occasion D. luck
答案：B（有利机遇）
●举一反三：
There’s a ___ of rain tomorrow. (chance)
Don’t miss this ___. (opportunity)
He took a ___ and succeeded. (chance)
第7组：city/town
●用法精讲：
city：大型城市
town：小型城镇
速记口诀：city大型城，town小型镇
●典型例题：
London is a bustling ___.
A. city B. town C. village D. capital
答案：A（大型城市）
●举一反三：
The ___ has a population of 5,000. (town)
New York is a global ___. (city)
This coastal ___ is charming. (town)
第8组：village/countryside
●用法精讲：
village：具体村落
countryside：乡村地区（泛指）
速记口诀：village具体村，countryside泛乡村
●典型例题：
We spent the weekend in the ___.
A. village B. countryside C. rural D. suburb
答案：B（泛指乡村）
●举一反三：
The ___ has a small school. (village)
___ life is peaceful. (Countryside)
They live in a remote ___. (village)
第9组：shore/coast
●用法精讲：
shore：湖/海/河的岸
coast：国家的海岸线
速记口诀：shore水岸边，coast国土滨
●典型例题：
The Pacific ___ stretches for miles.
A. shore B. coast C. beach D. seaside
答案：B（国家海岸）
●举一反三：
We walked along the river ___. (shore)
California has a beautiful ___. (coast)
The ship reached the ___. (shore)
第10组：product/production
●用法精讲：
product：具体产品
production：生产过程或产量
速记口诀：product具体物，production产过程
●典型例题：
The new ___ sells well in markets.
A. product B. production C. item D. goods
答案：A（具体产品）
●举一反三：
Industrial ___ increased by 10%. (production)
This is a local ___. (product)
The factory’s ___ line is efficient. (production)
第11组：resource/source
●用法精讲：
resource：可利用的资源
source：事物的来源或出处
速记口诀：resource可利用，source来源处
●典型例题：
Solar energy is a renewable ___.
A. resource B. source C. origin D. reserve
答案：A（可利用资源）
●举一反三：
Cite your ___ in the report. (sources)
Natural ___ should be conserved. (resources)
The river is the ___ of water. (source)
第12组：event/incident
●用法精讲：
event：计划的重要事件
incident：突发的小事件
速记口诀：event计划事，incident突发件
●典型例题：
The Olympics is a major international ___.
A. event B. incident C. affair D. occasion
答案：A（重要事件）
●举一反三：
A minor ___ occurred at the border. (incident)
The charity ___ was successful. (event)
Report any suspicious ___. (incidents)
第13组：population/people
●用法精讲：
population：人口数量
people：泛指人们
速记口诀：population人口数，people泛指人
●典型例题：
The ___ of China is over 1.4 billion.
A. population B. people C. citizen D. folk
答案：A（人口数量）
●举一反三：
Many ___ attended the festival. (people)
The ___ density is high in cities. (population)
These ___ are friendly. (people)
名词词义辨析闯关训练
说明：请从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最恰当的答案。
1.From the balcony, you can enjoy a stunning ocean ____.
A. view
B. sight
C. scenery
D. scene
2.The Eiffel Tower is a famous tourist ____ in Paris.
A. view
B. sight
C. scenery
D. landscape
3.Brushing teeth twice a day is a healthy ____.
A. habit
B. custom
C. tradition
D. routine
4.Wearing black at funerals is a cultural ____ in this region.
A. habit
B. custom
C. routine
D. practice
5.This is a private ____; I’d rather not discuss it.
A. matter
B. issue
C. affair
D. topic
6.Climate change is a global ____ we must address.
A. matter
B. issue
C. affair
D. subject
7.The gym has modern exercise ____.
A. furniture
B. equipment
C. device
D. tool
8.The wooden ____ in the living room needs polishing.
A. furniture
B. equipment
C. device
D. tool
9.My lawyer gave me valuable legal ____.
A. advice
B. suggestions
C. tips
D. proposals
10.She offered a practical ____ to improve efficiency.
A. advice
B. suggestion
C. tip
D. proposal
11.I had a ____ to meet my favorite author at the bookstore.
A. chance
B. opportunity
C. occasion
D. luck
12.This scholarship provides an ____ for studying abroad.
A. chance
B. opportunity
C. occasion
D. luck
13.Tokyo is a densely populated ____.
A. city
B. town
C. village
D. capital
14.They live in a small fishing ____ by the sea.
A. city
B. town
C. village
D. countryside
15.We cycled through the peaceful ____.
A. village
B. countryside
C. rural
D. suburb
16.The ship anchored near the rocky ____.
A. shore
B. coast
C. beach
D. seaside
17.Australia has a vast ____ with unique wildlife.
A. shore
B. coast
C. beach
D. seaside
18.This organic ____ is sold in eco-friendly packaging.
A. product
B. production
C. item
D. goods
19.Wind energy is a clean ____ for electricity.
A. resource
B. source
C. origin
D. reserve
20.The opening ceremony was a grand ____.
A. event
B. incident
C. affair
D. occasion
【答案】
1.A (view)→ 从某处观赏的景色（阳台视角）。
2.B (sight)→ 可见的著名景观（埃菲尔铁塔）。
3.A (habit)→ 个人健康习惯（刷牙）。
4.B (custom)→ 社会文化习俗（葬礼着装）。
5.A (matter)→ 普通私人事务（不讨论）。
6.B (issue)→ 争议性全球问题（气候变化）。
7.B (equipment)→ 设备（健身器材）。
8.A (furniture)→ 家具（客厅木质家具）。
9.A (advice)→ 专业建议（律师法律意见）。
10.B (suggestion)→ 可采纳的想法（提高效率）。
11.A (chance)→ 偶然机会（偶遇作者）。
12.B (opportunity)→ 有利机遇（留学奖学金）。
13.A (city)→ 大型城市（东京人口密集）。
14.C (village)→ 具体村落（海边渔村）。
15.B (countryside)→ 泛指乡村地区（骑行乡间）。
16.A (shore)→ 水岸边（岩石海岸停船）。
17.B (coast)→ 国家海岸线（澳大利亚海岸）。
18.A (product)→ 具体产品（有机商品）。
19.A (resource)→ 可利用资源（风能发电）。
20.A (event)→ 计划的重要事件（开幕式）。

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