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中考英语专题复习讲义——形容词词义辨析（二）
第1组：asleep/sleepy
●用法精讲：
asleep：睡着
sleepy：困倦
速记口诀： asleep已入睡，sleepy欲睡
●典型例题：
The baby is finally ___.
A. asleep B. sleepy C. tired D. exhausted
答案：A（睡眠状态）
●举一反三：
After lunch, I feel ___. (sleepy)
She fell ___ during the movie. (asleep)
The ___ cat yawned. (sleepy)
第2组：awake/aware
●用法精讲：
awake：醒着的
aware：意识到的
速记口诀： awake醒着，aware意识
●典型例题：
I was fully ___ during the surgery.
A. awake B. aware C. conscious D. alert
答案：A（清醒状态）
●举一反三：
Be ___ of the risks. (aware)
He stayed ___ all night. (awake)
She is ___ of the consequences. (aware)
第3组：bad/wrong
●用法精讲：
bad：糟糕的
wrong：错误的
速记口诀： bad差劣，wrong错误
●典型例题：
It’s ___ to lie to your parents.
A. bad B. wrong C. false D. evil
答案：B（道德错误）
●举一反三：
The milk tastes ___. (bad)
Your answer is ___. (wrong)
He made a ___ choice. (bad)
第4组：best/favorite
●用法精讲：
best：最好的
favorite：最喜欢的
速记口诀： best最优秀，favorite最喜爱
●典型例题：
This is my ___ book of all time.
A. best B. favorite C. perfect D. ideal
答案：B（主观偏好）
●举一反三：
She is the ___ player on the team. (best)
Blue is my ___ color. (favorite)
This is the ___ solution. (best)
第5组：better/worse
●用法精讲：
better：更好
worse：更差
速记口诀： better更好，worse更差
●典型例题：
The weather is ___ than yesterday.
A. better B. worse C. hotter D. colder
答案：A（比较改善）
●举一反三：
His health got ___. (worse)
This plan is ___. (better)
The situation became ___. (worse)
第6组：boring/bored
●用法精讲：
boring：令人无聊的
bored：感到无聊的
速记口诀： boring物无聊，bored人无聊
●典型例题：
The lecture was so ___ that students yawned.
A. boring B. bored C. dull D. tired
答案：A（事物特性）
●举一反三：
I felt ___ during the meeting. (bored)
This game is ___. (boring)
The ___ audience left early. (bored)
第7组：busy/busily
●用法精讲：
busy：忙碌的（形容词）
busily：忙碌地（副词）
速记口诀： busy形容词，busily副词
●典型例题：
The bees were ___ collecting honey.
A. busy B. busily C. busiest D. business
答案：B（修饰动作）
●举一反三：
She is ___ with homework. (busy)
Ants work ___ in summer. (busily)
The ___ street has many shops. (busy)
第8组：calm/peaceful
●用法精讲：
calm：冷静的
peaceful：平和的
速记口诀： calm人镇静，peaceful境平和
●典型例题：
Stay ___ during the exam.
A. calm B. peaceful C. quiet D. still
答案：A（情绪控制）
●举一反三：
The garden is ___. (peaceful)
His voice was ___. (calm)
The village has a ___ atmosphere. (peaceful)
第9组：careful/careless
●用法精讲：
careful：细心的
careless：粗心的
速记口诀： careful细心，careless粗心
●典型例题：
Be ___ when crossing the street.
A. careful B. careless C. cautious D. reckless
答案：A（谨慎态度）
●举一反三：
A ___ driver caused the accident. (careless)
She is a ___ worker. (careful)
His ___ mistake cost the game. (careless)
第10组：clean/tidy
●用法精讲：
clean：干净的
tidy：整洁的
速记口诀： clean无脏污，tidy整齐有序
●典型例题：
Keep your desk ___.
A. clean B. tidy C. neat D. orderly
答案：B（整齐状态）
●举一反三：
Wash your hands to keep them ___. (clean)
The books are arranged in a ___ way. (tidy)
The room is ___ after cleaning. (clean)
第11组：clear/obvious
●用法精讲：
clear：清晰的
obvious：明显的
速记口诀： clear清晰易懂，obvious显而易见
●典型例题：
The instructions were not ___.
A. clear B. obvious C. plain D. evident
答案：A（易懂性）
●举一反三：
It’s ___ that she is tired. (obvious)
The water is ___. (clear)
His answer was ___. (clear)
第12组：close/near
●用法精讲：
close：亲近或距离近
near：地理位置邻近
速记口诀： close亲近或近，near位置邻近
●典型例题：
She is my ___ friend.
A. close B. near C. dear D. next
答案：A（情感亲近）
●举一反三：
The store is ___ to my house. (near)
We have a ___ relationship. (close)
The ___ bus stop is 100 meters away. (near)
第13组：historic/historical
●用法精讲：
historic：具有历史意义的
historical：历史上的
速记口诀： historic历史性，historical历史上的
●典型例题：
The moon landing was a ___ event.
A. historic B. historical C. ancient D. old
答案：A（重大意义）
●举一反三：
This museum has ___ artifacts. (historical)
The treaty was a ___ moment. (historic)
She studies ___ documents. (historical)
形容词辨析闯关训练
说明： 从A、B、C、D中选择最佳答案。
1.The students worked ___ on their projects.
A. busy B. busily C. busiest D. business
2.The lake was ___ at dawn.
A. calm B. peaceful C. quiet D. still
3.A ___ driver caused the accident.
A. careful B. careless C. cautious D. reckless
4.This restaurant offers ___ meals.
A. cheap B. inexpensive C. costly D. pricey
5.The instructions must be ___.
A. clear B. obvious C. plain D. evident
6.The ___ park is perfect for picnics.
A. near B. close C. next D. nearby
7.The signing of the declaration was a ___ moment.
A. historic B. historical C. ancient D. old
8.She was ___ of the dog’s bark.
A. afraid B. frightened C. scared D. terrified
9.The ___ plants need sunlight.
A. alive B. living C. live D. lively
10.He prefers to work ___.
A. alone B. lonely C. single D. only
11.She was ___ about the broken vase.
A. angry B. mad C. annoyed D. furious
12.The ___ temple attracts many tourists.
A. ancient B. old C. aged D. antique
13.I was ___ during the boring speech.
A. asleep B. sleepy C. tired D. exhausted
14.Are you ___ of the deadline
A. awake B. aware C. conscious D. alert
15.This battle was a ___ turning point.
A. historic B. historical C. famous D. significant
【答案】
1.B (busily) → 副词修饰动作（worked）。
2.B (peaceful) → 环境平和。
3.B (careless) → 粗心导致事故。
4.B (inexpensive) → 中性表达（非廉价质差）。
5.A (clear) → 清晰易懂。
6.D (nearby) → 地理位置邻近（作定语）。
7.A (historic) → 具有历史意义。
8.B (frightened) → 突然受惊。
9.B (living) → 生物特性（作定语）。
10.A (alone) → 客观独自状态。
11.A (angry) → 生气情绪。
12.A (ancient) → 远古时代。
13.B (sleepy) → 感到困倦（未入睡）。
14.B (aware) → 意识到。
15.A (historic) → 历史性转折点。

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