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Unit 6
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Lesson 3 Grammar
初中英语沪教版八年级上册
Learning objectives
理解并区分现在完成时与一般过去时的用法不同；
1
在语境中正确运用两种时态进行表达；
2
通过讨论古代智慧故事，提升文化意识和批判性思维。
3
重点
通过本课时的学习，学生能够：
Role-play
Captain! Captain! The Greeks have gone. They left last night.
Great! We have finally won! I have waited so long for this moment.
Look! Our men have found something unusual. The Greeks left a huge wooden horse near the city. Can you see it outside the main gate The Greeks did not take it with them.
Let’s keep it then. Go and pull it into the city.
Soldier
Captain
Soldier
Captain
Read the dialogue and role-play it.
Read, judge and fill
( ) 1. The Greeks have gone.
( ) 2. They have left last night.
( ) 3. Our men have found something unusual.
T
F
T
left last night.
Differences
Present perfect tense the time is not specific
Simple past tense just talk about a completed action in the past
the time is specific
(last night, two years ago)
talk about past events with a connection to the present
Read these sentences and write T for true or F for false. Then fill in the chart.
结构：主语+谓语（动词的过去式）+其他
结构：主语+助动词have/has+动词过去分词
Learn and note
一般过去时
现在完成时
用法一：现在完成时是表示过去发生的动作,对现在造成一定的影响或结果。
用法二：某个动作从过去已经开始，一直持续到现在，还有可能持续下去，动作的持续性要通过一段时间来表示(需要用延续性动词）。
用法：表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态，对现在不造成任何影响
Judge and correct
Decide whether the sentences are correct (√) or not (×). If they are wrong, underline the mistakes and correct them.
(2) Who broke into the shop last night （ ）
(1) The Trojan War has lasted for about ten years. （ ）
(3) There have been many famous poets in the Tang dynasty. ( )
There were many famous poets in the Tang dynasty.
(4) I have had a history lesson yesterday.（ ）
I had a history lesson yesterday.
Judge and correct
Decide whether the sentences are correct (√) or not (×). If they are wrong, underline the mistakes and correct them.
(5) The King of Sparta has started the war. （ ）
(6) Ellie learnt a lot about Greek history since she joined the History Club. （ ）
The King of Sparta started the war.
Ellie has learnt a lot about Greek history since she joined the History Club.
Read and complete
(1)_______ you ever _______ (hear) of the famous story about Chang’e, the Chinese moon goddess
Once upon a time, there was a beautiful woman named Chang’e and her husband Hou Yi
One day, ten suns (2) _________ (appear) in the sky. It got very hot on Earth, and many people died. To save the people, Hou Yi (3) ______ (shoot) down nine of the suns. As a reward, the Queen Mother of the West (4)_______ (give) him a bottle of the elixir of immortality.
One day, someone tried to steal the bottle, so Chang’e (5) ______ (drink) it instead. The elixir made her fly higher and higher. In the end, she (6)______(fly) all the way to the moon. Some people say that Chang’e still lives there today.
This legend (7)________ (be) very popular since the Han dynasty. For over a thousand years, people have been celebrating the Mid-Autumn Festival by offering fruit and mooncakes to the moon.
Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Have
heard
appeared
shot
gave
drank
flew
has been
Thursday, 10 November
Dear Diary,
A new bookshop (1) (open) the day before yesterday near my school. I (2) (go) there with my cousin this afternoon.
I (3) (buy) a travel book about Greece. I (4) (never be) to Greece, but my cousin (5) (visit) the country last year.
opened
went
bought
have never been
visited
Complete the diary entry below with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Think and complete
I (6) (see) some of her photos. Greece is such a beautiful country.
My cousin (7) (buy) a book about ancient Greece at the bookshop. I (8) (read) a few pages of the book with her. I think it’s very interesting.
have seen
bought
have read
Think and complete
Complete the diary entry below with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Practice and talk
e.g.
- A: Have you ever (...)
- B: Yes, I have. I (...) last year./No, I haven’t.
Let’s talk about your experiences.
S1: Have you ever been to the new bookshop
S2: Yes, I have. I went there with my cousin last week.
S3: Have you seen the new Spider-Man movie
S4: No, I haven’t. But I saw the last one. ...
Discuss and share
Discuss an ancient Chinese story about wisdom in pairs. Use the questions below to help you. You may add your own questions.
Discuss and share
Discuss an ancient Chinese story about wisdom in pairs. Use the questions below to help you. You may add your own questions.
What is the story
It is a famous story called...
When did the story take place
The story took place in... period.
What happened in the story
...
Tell and share
Tell the ancient Chinese story about wisdom.
This story is called Tian Ji’s Horse Race. It took place in the Warring States period. Tian Ji has become very famous for his wisdom. His strategy has inspired people for thousands of years. He used a smart way to win the race.
He arranged his horses in three levels - upper, middle, and lower. Though his horses were weaker overall, he used his lower-level horse against the king’s upper-level one, losing that round. But then he used his upper and middle horses to beat the king’s middle and lower ones. In the end, he won two out of three races, achieving a great victory.
Summary
现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
现在完成时 一般过去时
意义
标志词 或短语
现在完成时强调过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情。
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till, until, up to now 等
yesterday, last week, ago, just now, in 1980 等
Homework
Find a short English story or video about a Chinese smart strategy, like “Empty Fort Strategy”, and write a short summary.
B
y
e
B
y
e

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