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中考英语专题复习讲义——情态动词（二）
第1组：can’t/mustn’t
● 用法精讲
can’t：能力不足/不可能
mustn’t：禁止
速记口诀：can’t不能为，mustn’t不可做
● 典型例题
You ___ touch the wet paint.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
答案：B（禁止接触）
● 举一反三
He ___ lift the box alone. (can’t)
Students ___ cheat. (mustn’t)
第2组：need/don’t need to
● 用法精讲
need：情态动词（否定/疑问）
don’t need to：实义动词（否定）
速记口诀：need情态否，don’t need实义否
● 典型例题
You ___ worry about it.
A. need not B. don’t need to C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
答案：A（情态动词否定）
● 举一反三
She ___ buy new shoes. (doesn’t need to)
___ I return the book today (Need)
第3组：could/might（推测）
● 用法精讲
could：可能（理论可能性）
might：可能（实际可能性小）
速记口诀：could理论可，might实际可
● 典型例题
The answer ___ be correct, but I’m not sure.
A. could B. might C. must D. can’t
答案：A（理论可能）
● 举一反三
It ___ rain, but the sky is clear. (might)
Any student ___ make mistakes. (could)
第4组：shall/will（命令）
● 用法精讲
shall：第二三人称命令（正式）
will：表意愿或命令
速记口诀：shall命令他，will意愿达
● 典型例题
The manager says you ___ finish the report.
A. shall B. will C. must D. can
答案：A（正式命令）
● 举一反三
I ___ do my best. (will)
No one ___ enter. (shall)
第5组：would you mind/do you mind
● 用法精讲
Would you mind：委婉请求
Do you mind：直接询问
速记口诀：would you mind更委婉，do you mind直接问
● 典型例题
___ opening the window
A. Would you mind B. Do you mind C. Could you D. Can you
答案：A（礼貌请求）
● 举一反三
___ if I sit here (Do you mind)
___ helping me (Would you mind)
第6组：used to/be used to
● 用法精讲
used to：过去习惯（+动词原形）
be used to：习惯于（+名词/动名词）
速记口诀：used to过去惯，be used to适应态
● 典型例题
I ___ getting up early.
A. am used to B. used to C. use to D. get used to
答案：A（习惯状态）
● 举一反三
He ___ smoke. (used to)
They ___ the cold weather. (are used to)
第7组：would rather/had better
● 用法精讲
would rather：宁愿
had better：最好（建议）
速记口诀：would rather宁愿选，had better建议行
● 典型例题
I ___ stay home than go out.
A. would rather B. had better C. should D. ought to
答案：A（主观偏好）
● 举一反三
You ___ take an umbrella. (had better)
She ___ not attend the meeting. (would rather)
第8组：may not/might not
● 用法精讲
may not：可能不（较确定）
might not：或许不（不确定）
速记口诀：may not可能否，might not或许否
● 典型例题
He ___ come to the party.
A. may not B. might not C. can’t D. mustn’t
答案：A（较确定否定）
● 举一反三
It ___ be true. (might not)
The store ___ be open. (may not)
第9组：shall I/shall we
● 用法精讲
Shall I：主动提供帮助
Shall we：提议共同行动
速记口诀：Shall I我帮你？Shall we一起行？
● 典型例题
___ carry the bag for you
A. Shall I B. Shall we C. Will I D. Can I
答案：A（主动帮助）
● 举一反三
___ go shopping (Shall we)
___ help you with homework (Shall I)
第10组：could have/should have
● 用法精讲
could have：本能够（但未做）
should have：本应该（但未做）
速记口诀：could have本能够，should have本应为
● 典型例题
You ___ won the game if you tried.
A. could have B. should have C. must have D. might have
答案：A（能力未实现）
● 举一反三
She ___ arrived earlier. (should have)
He ___ passed the exam. (could have)
第11组：must/can’t（推测现在）
● 用法精讲
must：肯定推测（现在）
can’t：否定推测（现在）
速记口诀：must现在肯，can’t现在否
● 典型例题
She ___ be at work; her car is gone.
A. must B. can’t C. may D. might
答案：A（肯定推测）
● 举一反三
He ___ be sleeping; he’s snoring. (must)
It ___ be her; she’s abroad. (can’t)
第12组：needn’t/don’t have to
● 用法精讲
needn’t：不必（情态动词）
don’t have to：不必（实义动词）
速记口诀：needn’t情态否，don’t have to实义否
● 典型例题
You ___ bring food; we have plenty.
A. needn’t B. don’t have to C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
答案：A（情态动词否定）
● 举一反三
They ___ pay now. (don’t have to)
___ we wait (Need)
情态动词闯关训练
说明：从A、B、C、D中选择最佳答案。
1.The exam ___ have been difficult.
A. must B. should C. can’t D. need
2.We ___ recycle plastic bottles.
A. should B. ought to C. must D. have to
3.___ I help you with the luggage
A. Shall B. Should C. Will D. Would
4.She ___ be at work now.
A. must B. might C. could D. can
5.You ___ have told me earlier.
A. should B. must C. can D. may
6.He ___ smoke when he was young.
A. used to B. would C. could D. might
7.I ___ getting up early now.
A. am used to B. used to C. use to D. get used to
8.___ you mind closing the door
A. Would B. Do C. Could D. Can
9.I ___ noisy places.
A. can’t stand B. can’t help C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
10.They ___ pay now; it’s free.
A. don’t have to B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
11.She ___ arrived yesterday.
A. should have B. could have C. must have D. might have
12.The answer ___ be wrong; I checked twice.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
13.___ I book the tickets for you
A. Shall B. Will C. Can D. Could
14.You ___ go now if you wish.
A. may B. can C. might D. could
15.He ___ be sleeping; he’s answering calls.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
【答案】
1.A(must) → 肯定推测
2.A(should) → 责任建议
3.D(Would) → 委婉提供帮助
4.A(must) → 肯定推测（根据常识）
5.A(should) → 该做但未做（should have done）
6.A(used to) → 过去习惯（已改变）
7.A(am used to) → 习惯状态
8.A(Would) → 委婉请求
9.A(can’t stand) → 无法忍受
10.A(don’t have to) → 不必（实义动词）
11.A(should have) → 该做未做
12.A(can’t) → 否定推测
13.A(Shall) → 主动帮助
14.A(may) → 正式许可
15.A(can’t) → 不可能

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