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(共42张PPT)
Unit 4
SPACE EXPLORATION
Are you curious about the universe What do you want to know about it
Do you know what humans have done to explore the universe
If you had a chance to travel into space, what would you like to do
What has our country done to explore the universe in the past few years
The first man going into the space: Yuri Gagarin, Soviet cosmonaut in 1961
The first Chinese going into the space: Yang Liwei, Chinese astronaut, in 2003
The first man landing on the moon: Neil Alden Armstrong, American astronaut, Apollo 11 in 1967
Can you name any famous astronauts
Title: Space: The Final Frontier
Topic: ___________________________
Space Exploration
SPACE: THE FINAL FRONTIER
标题源于美国系列连续剧《星际迷航》 (Star Trek) 每一集最初的引语，是剧中人物James Kirk舰长的一段独白。
Before you read, look at the title and the photos. Discuss these questions.
Learn about the development of space exploration
SPACE: THE FINAL FRONTIER
Jade Rabbit
Apollo 11 Moon Landing
Challenger after the accident
1. What do you think are the main reasons for space exploration
The main reasons for space exploration are to further human exploration and to gather knowledge of the universe.
2. What do you expect to read about in this text
The future of space travel.
3. What kind of passage is it
Popular science article. (科普文)
4. Where can you find this kind of passage
Newspaper or magazine.
科普文的特点
标题简洁且引人注目；
文章开头会针对主题内容提供简要的背景信息；
对科学方法和步骤的描述较为精练简单，重点落在对科学
结论的阐释上；
4) 语言准确但通俗，尽量避免使用学术词汇
5) 为吸引读者，常使用各种修辞手法，如比喻、拟人等，写作
风格因人而异。
Fill in gaps
②
Listen and read the text. Several sentences have been removed from it. Choose the correct sentence (A-D) to fill each gap.
A. Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen.
B. They also really wish to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life.
C. The future of space exploration remains bright.
D. After many experiments, they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth’s gravity.
B
D
A
C
n.火箭
n.重力;引力
Several sentences have been removed from the text. Choose the correct sentence (A — D) to fill each gap.
Tips：
1.分析选项中的句子的句法功能，分析哪些句子可以充当主题句，可以放在段首；分析哪个句子有递进词（also），表明它是一系列细节的一部分。分析哪个句子有顺序词，表明它是语篇的中间部分。
2. 分析所填句子与上下文是否存在句际关系，比如转折关系、解释关系、细节补充等关系。
“Are we alone What’s out there ” Looking up at the stars, people have always wanted to learn more about space, and scientists work hard to find answers. They make vehicles to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe. _____.
A. Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen.
B. They also really wish to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life.
C. The future of space exploration remains bright.
D. After many experiments, they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth’s gravity.
B
递进；语义上更深入
Before the mid-20th century, most people felt travelling into space was an impossible dream. However, some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space. _______. On 4 October 1957, ... and on 12 April 1961, ... Over eight years later, on 20 July 1969, ...
D
对前文的承接，对后文的概括
A. Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen.
B. They also really wish to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life.
C. The future of space exploration remains bright.
D. After many experiments, they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth’s gravity.
_____. All the astronauts on the USSR’s Soyuz 11 and America’s Challenger died during their missions. These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed, but the desire to explore the universe never died. This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks …
A
A. Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen.
B. They also really wish to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life.
C. The future of space exploration remains bright.
D. After many experiments, they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth’s gravity.
后文关键词提示
____ Europe, the US, and China all have plans to further study and explore planets like Mars and Jupiter. Despite the difficulties, scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understand how the universe began, but also help us survive well into the future.
C
同一语义频繁出现
A. Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen.
B. They also really wish to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life.
C. The future of space exploration remains bright.
D. After many experiments, they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth’s gravity.
Use your own words to summarize the main idea for each paragraph.
When the main idea is not clearly stated in a topic sentence, you should read the full paragraph or passage carefully and find the words or ideas that repeat themselves. They are likely evidence of the author’s main idea.
Summarise the main idea
Humans have always had a natural curiosity about space.
Space travel became a reality in the 20th century, with American and Soviet space missions.
Space travel has always involved great risk, but despite the risks exploration continues.
China has made great progress in space exploration in the early 21st century, becoming only the third country to send humans to space.
The future of space exploration looks bright, as many countries are planning further missions.
Title: ______________________________
Introduction:
Body:
Conclusion:
SPACE: THE FINAL FRONTIER
paras.2-4
para.1
para.5
People’s desire for space exploration
Space exploration in different countries and some accidents
The future of space exploration
What do people want to do when looking up at the stars
They want to learn more about space.
Why do scientists make vehicles
To carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe.
n.宇宙;天地万物
Read para. 1 and answer the following questions.
Para1: “Are we alone What's out there？” Looking up at the stars, people have always wanted to learn more about space①, and scientists work hard to find answers. They make vehicles to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe. They also really wish to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life.②
①现在分词短语looking up at the stars在句中作时间状语, 相当于由_________引导的时间状语从句________________________________.
②这个句子里面还有一个由_____引导的______从句，先行词是________, 关系代词在从句里面做________.
when/while
when/while people are looking up at the stars
that
定语
planets
主语
Read para. 2 carefully and fill in the blanks.
Country Time Event
the USSR in _______ in 1961 The Sputnik 1 satellite was sent and _________ around Earth.
____________ went into the space.
in _______ in 1977 Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon.
America’s NASA space agency launched __________.
America
1957
orbited
Voyager 1
1969
Yuri Gagarin
n.机构;代理处
Para2: Before the mid-20th century, most people felt travelling into space was an impossible dream ①.
①在这个句子里，travelling into space was an impossible dream是做_____的_____从句，________________是这个从句的主语。
Para2: After many experiments, they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth's gravity②
②在这个句子里，包含了一个由______引导的______从句， 关系代词在从句中做________.
felt
宾语
travelling into space
that
定语
主语
Para2: Afterwards, the USSR focused on sending people into space, and on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space③.
③sb. be/become the first person to do...
某人是第一个做……的人，句中的to do作后置定语。
归纳拓展：
(1)序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词及形容词最高级等修饰通常用不定式作定语。被修饰词与不定式是逻辑上的主谓关系。
He is always the first to come and the last to leave.
他总是第一个来，最后一个走。
(2)不定式作后置定语的其他情况：
①被修饰词被the only，the very等修饰时；
②抽象名词ability, attempt, chance, promise, reason, time, way等后常用不定式作定语。
即学即练
①Lang Ping became the first person in volleyball ________ (win) an Olympic gold medal as both a player and a coach.
②The girl is the best person ________ (finish) the whole work.
③A build-it-yourself solar still is one of the best ways ________ (obtain) drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available.
④Friedman points out that the green economy is a chance ________ (keep) American strength.
to win
to finish
to obtain
to keep
What does the international Space Station do
Read para. 3 and answer the questions.
It orbits Earth and has astronauts from different countries
on board, providing a continuous human presence in space.
Why did the desire to explore the universe never die
This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration.
n.渴望;欲望 vt.渴望;期望
继续做;坚持干
在宇宙飞船上;在船(飞机)上
Para3: These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed, but the desire to explore the universe never died. ①
①句式分析:这是一个并列句。_____连接两个并列的分句，在前一个分句中，__________是主语；______是谓语，_____是宾语，sad and disappointed是形容词作_________;后面的分句中，主语是______, to explore the universe是不定式短语作________, ____是谓语。
but
these disasters
made
宾补
desire
后置定语
died
everyone
make的复合结构如下:
①make sb. do sth. 使/让某人做某事
*Our English teacher often makes us retell the texts.
我们的英语老师经常让我们复述课文。
②make sb. /sth. done (过去分词)使某人或某事被……
常用于make oneself known/heard/understood. . .
*It’s too noisy. I can’t make my voice heard.
太吵了, 我不能让别人听到我的声音。
③make sb. /sth. doing使某人或某物一直做……
*He makes the boy standing there all the time.
他让那个男孩一直站在那里。
④make +sb. /sth. +adj. 使某人或某物(变得)……
*She knew that these solutions were not going to make me happy.
她知道这些解决办法不会让我高兴。
⑤make +sb. /sth. +n. 让某人或某物成为……
*They all want to make Jim their boss.
他们都想让吉姆当老板。
（6）make + 名词/代词+不带to的不定式。当该结构用于被动语态时，不定式符号to要还原；即make sb/sth do sth 让某人做某事 ；sb/sth +be+made to do sth 【其被动语态结构】
Every day my parents make me have an egg. = Every day I
（7）make it+宾补+不定式（真正的宾语）.it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式。
They heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out.
大雨使得我们无法出去。
was made to have an egg.
即学即练：
1.This produced a chain reaction, which made _____ possible for life to develop.
2.The teacher raised his voice so that he could made himself ______(hear).
3.He believes that the system will _________________________(让他成为一名更好的医生）
it
heard
make him a better doctor
This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge.②
② [句式分析]　本句是一个复合句。句中的_________引导的是表语从句。 It/This/That is/was because...意为“它/这/那是因为……”, because引导表语从句，后接原因。
She is always unhappy. This is because she is rather demanding.她总是不快乐。这是因为她要求很高。
because
拓展：
This/That/It is why...
这/那是为什么……(why引导表语从句，后跟结果)
This/That/It is because...
这/那是因为……(because引导表语从句，后跟原因)
The reason (why...) is that...(……的)原因是……
(why引导定语从句，修饰reason; that引导表语从句，后接reason的具体内容)
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
1、He fell asleep during the lecture.This was_______he got bored with it.
2、The reason why Henry missed the bus was ________ he got up late.
3、Alice was too careless. That is ________ she failed the examination.
4、From space, the earth looks blue. _______________ (这是因为) about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.
5、He admitted that his father was strict with him. ____________(那就是为什么) he made so many achievements.
because
that
why
This is because
That was why
Read para. 4 and fill in the blanks.
Time Event
in ______ Yang Liwei orbited Earth in ____________________.
Then... _______________ completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk.
___________ was sent to the moon to study its surface.
After that China sent ___________________ and __________ to dock with it.
________ China has sent Chang’e 4.
2003
Shenzhou 5 spacecraft
Shenzhou 6 and 7
Jade Rabbit
More recently
Tiangong 2 space lab
Tianzhou 1
n.航天器;宇宙飞船
China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003, when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft①
①思考：为什么这个句子后面用的是to independently send humans into space in 2003 因为修饰_______________. 这个句子包含了一个由_____引导的___________从句，对_____进行了进一步的解释说明。
the third country in the world
when
定语
2003
Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface②.
followed是follow的_________形式，在句子中做伴随状语，being sent to the moon 是一个________时态的______语态，做后置定语来修饰the vehicle Jade Rabbit.
①The film star walked to his car, __________a crowd of journalists.
②It is better to ban smoking _______unnecessary trouble.
为避免不必要的麻烦, 禁止抽烟更好一些。
过去分词
正在进行
被动
followed by
to avoid
What is the author’s attitude towards space exploration
A. pessimistic. 悲观的
B. disappointed.
C. puzzled.
D. positive.
Read para. 5 and choose the correct answer.
How do you know
Despite the difficulties，scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understand how the universe began，but also help us survive well into the future.
翻译：
[归纳拓展] (1) 句式分析：
这是一个主从复合句。主句的主语是 ， 是谓语动词，后面是省略了连接词 的宾语从句。
在宾语从句中使用了not only...but also...结构。
尽管困难重重，科学家希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙的起源，而且还能帮助我们在未来活得很好
scientists
hope
that
(2)not only...but (also)…表示“ ”。其中also可以省略，用来连接两个并列的主语，宾语，表语，谓语，或句子。
考点一（主谓一致）：连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的人称和数遵循 。
考点二（句子结构）：not only...but (also)...连接两个并列分句，且not only位于句首时，not only后的分句需 ，but (also)后的分句不倒装。
部分倒装的构成为： __+主语+其他谓语
不但...而且...
部分倒装
就近原则
助动词(do/does/did)/be动词/情态动词
1.Not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan.
不但学生们反对这个计划，老师也反对。
2.He not only read the book, but also remembered what he had read.
他不但读了这本书，而且记得读的内容。
3.Not only does the sun give us light but also it gives us heat.
太阳不但提供给我们光，还有热。
1.Not only he but also I ____ (be) fond of playing the piano.
2.Not only his parents but also his brother ______ (go) to the Summer Palace, and they haven’t been back yet.
一句多译
He grows vegetables ________ flowers. = He ____________ flowers _________vegetables.
am
has gone
and/as well as
not only grows
but also
Complete the passage with words from the text.
M_______ is exploring space in the hope of finding out more about the u________. However, exploring space is both dangerous and challenging. One of the most dangerous parts of space exploration is helping people to escape Earth’s g_______. If there is a mistake during the l________, it can lead to an accident that kills everyone on b________. Getting out of o_____ and back to Earth’s surface is also very dangerous. Despite the huge risks though, people will always continue to explore this final f_______ so as to learn its secrets.
Mankind
universe
gravity
launch
board
orbit
frontier
抱……的希望
为了;以便

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