资源简介

(共43张PPT)
Unit 3
Section A Reading and Thinking
中国八大菜系
鲁菜
山东菜简称鲁菜，是中国著名的八大菜系之一，也是黄河流域烹饪文化的代表。
山东菜可分为济南风味菜、胶东风味菜、孔府菜和其他地区风味菜，并以济南菜为典型，煎炒烹炸、烧烩蒸扒、煮氽熏拌、溜炝酱腌等有50多种烹饪方法。济南菜以清香、脆嫩、味厚而纯正著称，特别精于制汤，清浊分明，堪称一绝。孔府菜做工精细，烹调技法全面，尤以烧、炒、煨、炸、扒见长，而且制作过程复杂。
川菜
四川菜简称川菜，是中国著名的八大菜系之一，历史悠久，风味独特，驰名中外。
川菜讲究色、香、味、形，在“味”字上下功夫，以味的多、广、厚著称。川菜口味的组成，主要有“麻、 辣、咸、甜、酸、苦、香”7种味道，巧妙搭配，灵活多变，创制出麻辣、酸辣、红油、白油等几十种各具特色的复合味，味别之多，调制之妙，堪称中外菜肴之首，从而赢得了“一菜一格，百菜百味”的称誉。
粤菜
广东菜简称粤菜，是中国著名八大菜系之一。由广州、潮州、东江客家菜三种地方菜构成。而三支地方菜又有各自不同的特色。
广州菜是粤菜的主要组成部分，以味美色鲜、菜式丰盛而赢得“食在广州”的美誉。广州菜有三大特点：一是鸟兽虫鱼均为原料，烹调成形态各异的野味佳肴；二是即开刀、即烹和即席烹制，独具一格，吃起来新鲜火热；三是夏秋清淡、冬春香浓，深受大众的喜爱。
苏菜
江苏菜简称苏菜，以苏州和扬州菜为代表，是中国著名的八大菜系之一。
苏菜有如下几个特点：一是选料严谨，制作精细，因材施艺，按时治肴；二是擅长炖、焖、煨、焐、蒸、烧、炒等烹饪方法，且精于泥煨、叉烤；三是口味清鲜，浓而不腻，淡而不薄；四是注重调汤，保持原汁。苏菜口味趋甜，以烹制四季佳蔬、江河湖鲜见长；扬州菜史称淮扬风味，刀工精细，火候精微，色调清新，造型别致，突出主料，强调本味，清淡可口，适应面宽，尤以擅长制汤而著称。
闽菜
福建菜俗称闽菜，以福州菜为代表，素以制作细巧、色调美观、调味清鲜著称。
闽菜以海鲜类为主，口味方面则咸、甜、酸、辣具备，咸的调味品有虾酱、虾油、豉油等；酸的有白醋、乔头等；甜的有红糖、冰糖等；辣的有胡椒、芥末等；香的有红糖、五香粉、八角、桂皮等。
徽菜
徽菜是安徽菜的简称，又叫皖菜，是中国八大菜系之一。
其特点呢，一是就地取材，以鲜制胜。徽地盛产山珍野味河鲜家禽，就地取材使菜肴地方特色突出并保证鲜活。二是善用火候，火功独到。根据不同原料的质地特点、成品菜的风味要求，分别采用大火、中火、小火烹调。三是娴于烧炖，浓淡相宜，除爆、炒、熘、炸、烩、煮、烤、焐等技法各有千秋外，尤以烧、炖及熏、蒸菜品而闻名。
湘菜
湖南菜又称湘菜，由于湖南民丰物博，向称鱼米之乡。
湘菜以腴滑肥润为主，多将辣椒当主菜食用，不仅有北方的咸，也有南方的甜，更有本地特色之辣与酸。香、嫩、清、脆是其特色，所用材料以新鲜、价廉物美为原则。湘菜特别讲究原料的入味，技法多样，有烧、炒、蒸、熏等方法，尤以“蒸”菜见长。且刀功精妙，形味兼美，菜肴千姿百态，变化无穷。
浙菜
浙江菜简称浙菜，是浙江地方风味菜系。
浙菜有如下几大特征：一是用料广博，配料严谨。主料注重时令和品种，配料、调料的选择旨在突出主料、增益鲜香、去除腥腻；二是刀工精细，形状别致；三是火候调味，最重适度；四是清鲜嫩爽，滋、味兼得；五是浙菜三支，各具风韵。
1. consist
consist of =be made of =be composed of
consist of 不用于被动语态，不用于进行时态，但可用consisting作非谓语动词；表示被动意义时常用made up和composed。
consist in = lie in 在于
consist with 与……一致
2. stuff
stuff up 塞住
stuff into 把……装（塞）入
stuff with 用……装（塞，填）
Vocabulary
Read paragraph 4 and think over the questions.
1. What was the author's favourite dish there
2. What's the most famous food in Shandong
3. Why did boiled dumplings become a favourite dish of the people in North China
4. What is important to the people there
Boiled dumplings served with vinegar.
Pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions.
Making dumplings has always been a family affair with everyone--from the youngest to the oldest--- joining in to help.
Family is important to the people there.
Read paragraph 5 and think over the questions.
1. What are the traditional foods in northern Xinjiang
2. Why do people in northwest China cook traditional foods over an open fire
Their traditional foods are what you can cook over an open fire— boiled or roasted meat, such as lamb kebab.
Because people there traditionally wandered the open range on horses.
Beijing
Shandong
Guangdong
Henan
northern Xinjiang
Read paragraph 6 and think over the questions.
1. What 're the typical dishes in Guangdong and Henan
2. Do people living in different places eat the same food
3. Do people eating different foods share the same culture
4. Do they have something in common
Elegant dim sum and exceptional stewed noodles.
No,everywhere, the food was as varied as the people.
No.
Chinese people everywhere show friendship and kindness.
Read paragraph 7 and think over the questions.
1. What can the kinds of foods local people consume tell us
2. How to understand “culture and cuisine go hand in hand”
Cuisine in certain place can tell us what the local people like to eat, grow or dislike.
The food flavor they eat the food features they cook also well demonstrate the personality, characters or culture of the local people.
Place Kind of Chinese food Typical dish People or culture
America
Beijing
Shandong
Northwest China
South China
Central China Chinese food changed to suit American tastes
General Tso’s chicken
Americans love bold and simple flavours, and are not afraid to try new foods.
Sichuan cuisine
dish with Sichuan peppercorns
People there offered them good friendship
Shandong cuisine
Xinjiang cuisine
Guangdong cuisine
Henan cuisine
boiled dumplings served with vinegar;
pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions
Family is important to the people there.
boiled or roasted meat, such as lamb kebab
People traditionally wandered the open range on horses.
dim sum
Through food, Chinese people everywhere show friendship and kindness.
stewed noodles
Cause
1.The flavour preferences of Americans often differ from those of the Chinese.
2.We had no idea how to order food.
3.These groups traditionally wandered the open range on horses.
Understand cause and effect
Match the causes to the effects below.
Effect
A.The chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.
B. Their traditional foods are what you can cook over an open fire.
C. Chinese food in America is changed to suit American tastes.
Understand cause and effect
Sometimes two ideas are related to each other by cause and effect. That is, one thing causes something else to happen. Cause-and-effect relationships can be direct. For example, “ It was raining, so I took my umbrella.” However, some cause-and-effect relationships are not direct, and some may also have more than one cause or effect.
Signal words used to identify causes and effects:
because, as, since, so, therefore, consequently, as a result, and due to...
1.What is the writer's purpose in writing this text
Pragmatic Analysis
To share with readers his viewpoint: Culture and cuisine go hand in hand.
2.Who do you think is the intended audience
Everyone who is interested in Chinese cuisines.
Discuss the questions. Work in pairs.
1.What's the writer's opinion about culture and cuisine
Post-reading
They go hand in hand.
2.What is the writer's reason
In America, Chinese food has been changed to suit American tastes, and it tells us much about the character of Americans. In China, people in different places have different kinds of traditional food, which reflect different traditional cultures. As a result, the writer thinks that culture and cuisine go hand in hand, and if you do not experience one, you can never really know the other.
The writer believes that culture and cuisine go hand in hand. Do you agree with the writer What's your own opinion With the impact of globalisation, do you think food can still reflect diferent cultures
Critical thinking
Agreement
People living in different
places eat different kinds of
food. For example,...
Chinese cuisine is different
from Western cuisine because
of different cultures. For
example,...
A Bite of China is not just a
documentary about food.
More importantly, it is a show
of Chinese culture.
...
Disagreement
Food from different places is
available everywhere.
The combination of Chinese
and Western food is common
now.
In this fast-changing world,
everything is changing,
including cuisines.
...
Prior to coming to China, my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chinese food that ___________________(change) to suit American tastes.
Later, I had a chance to experience authentic Chinese food by _______ ( come) to China. A Sichuan restaurant had been recommended to me and my family by a friend.______(tire), hungry,and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order , so the chef just began filling our table _______ the best food we had ever eaten. With this, we had the pleasure of experiencing an __________( entire )new taste: Sichuan peppercorns. The food was wonderful and different, but _________was even more important was the friendship _______ (offer) us. In northern Xinjiang, the traditional foods are what you can cook over _____open fire -usually boiled or roasted meat.
From south to central China, in each place we experienced wonderful local_______ ( dish), from Guangdong's elegant dim sum to the exceptional stewed noodles in Henan. Everywhere,the food was as varied as the people. However,one thing is always true: Through food, Chinese people everywhere show friendship and____________(kind).
had been changed
coming
Tired
with
entirely
what
offered
an
dishes
kindness
Summary
Language Points
重点词汇
1.pepper n.　　 　　
2.recipe n._______________
3.chef n.　　　　
4.peppercorn n.　　　　
5.onion n.　　　　
6.lamb n.　 　　　
7.garlic n.　　　　
8.bacon n.　　　　
9.ham n.　　　　
甜椒;灯笼椒;胡椒粉
烹饪法;食谱
厨师;主厨
胡椒粒　
洋葱;葱头
羊羔肉;羔羊
蒜
熏猪肉;咸肉
火腿
10.sausage n.　　　　
11.cabbage n.　　 　　
12.bean curd(=tofu) n.　　　　
13.　　　　　 n.菜肴;风味;烹饪
14.　　　　　 adj.先前的;优先的
15.　　　　　 adj.大胆自信的;敢于冒险的
16.　　　　　 n.醋
17.　　　　　 vt.填满;把……塞进　n.东西;物品
18.　　　　　 n.(切下的食物)薄片　vt.把……切成薄片
香肠;腊肠
甘蓝;卷心菜;洋白菜
豆腐
cuisine
prior
bold　
vinegar
stuff
slice
19.　　　　　 adj.精美的;讲究的;文雅的
20.　　　　　 adj.特别的;罕见的
21.　　　　　 adj.最低(限度)的;最小的　n.最小值;最少量
22.　　　　　 vt.吃;喝;饮;消耗
23.　　　　　 n.脾气;火气
24.　　　　　 n.素食者
25.　　　　　 n.无用的东西
elegant
exceptional
minimum
consume
temper
vegetarian
junk
重点短语
1.be linked to 　 　　　
2.at a minimum 　　　　
3.a case in point 　　　　
4.junk food 　　　　
5.lamb kebab 　　　　
6.be stuffed with 　　　　
7.　　　　　 在……之前的
8.　　　　　 由……组成(或构成)
9.　　　　　 切下
10.　　　　　 提到;涉及;查阅
11.　　　　　 结果
12.　 　　　　 手拉手
与……有联系
至少;最少
典型的例子
垃圾食品
烤羊肉串
塞满
prior to
consist of
slice... off
refer to
as a result
hand in hand
1.Prior to coming to China,my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America,with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes.
在来中国之前,我唯一的中国烹饪经验是在美国,是为了适应美国人的口味而改变了的中国菜。
【词汇精讲】prior adj.先前的;优先的
They all raised the question as if by prior agreement.
他们都不约而同地提出了这个问题。
The caves can be visited only by prior arrangement.
这些洞穴只接受预约参观。
【词汇拓展】
prior to在……之前(to是介词,后接动词时要用-ing形式)
Just phone in your order three or more days prior to departure.
在出发的三天之前打电话预订即可。
The agreement needed to be in place prior to starting the work.
协议需要在工作开始之前就到位。
2.For example,America’s most popular Chinese dish is General Tso’s chicken,which consists of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce,flavoured with hot red peppers.
例如,美国最受欢迎的中国菜是左公鸡,一种用甜酱覆盖的炸鸡,用红辣椒调味。
【词汇精讲】consist of由……组成/构成
Listening is thus an active,not a passive,behavior consisting of hearing,understanding and remembering.
聆听是一种积极的行为,而不是被动地接受,它涉及听、理解和记忆。
An ecosystem consists of the living and non-living things in an area which/that interact with one another.
生态系统是由该区域中相互作用的生物和非生物组成。
【词汇拓展】
(1)consist in在于……;存在于……
(2)consistent adj.一致的;连续的
be consistent with与……一致的;相符的
The true wealth does not consist in what we are.
真正的财富不在于我们是什么。
The result is consistent with previous findings.
结果与先前的调查结果一致。
【温馨提示】表示“由……组成”时consist of=be made up of=be composed of。
3.Later,I learnt that the most famous food in Shandong is pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions.
后来,我得知山东最著名的食物是煎饼卷大葱。
【词汇精讲1】stuff vt.填满;把……塞进　n.东西;物品
I could stuff myself with ten chocolate bars and half an hour later eat a big meal.
我可以一口气吃10块巧克力,半小时后再吃一顿大餐。
The chairs were covered in some sort of plastic stuff.
椅子都包了一种塑料膜。
【词汇拓展】
stuff sth into把……塞进……
stuff sb/oneself with让……吃饱;狼吞虎咽地吃
be stuffed with用……填满
She stuffed two more sweaters into her bag.
她又往包里塞了两件毛衣。
The kids have been stuffing themselves with candy.
孩子们一直在吃糖果。
【词汇精讲2】slice n.(切下的食物)薄片　vt.把……切成薄片
She took up a slice of bread,broke it nervously,and then put it aside.
她拿起一片面包,焦虑不安地把它掰碎,又放在一边。
The power saw sliced the logs very easily.
电锯轻而易举地就把原木锯成薄板了。
【词汇拓展】
a slice of一片……
slice...off切下
slice into/through切入
slice sth in two/half把某物一切两半
Don’t slice into your hand with that knife,kids.
孩子,小心别割了手。
Mother sliced the bread off.
妈妈把面包切成薄片。
4.At a minimum,the kinds of food local people consume tell us what they grow in their region,what kinds of lives they lead,and what they like and do not like.
至少,当地人消费的食物种类告诉我们他们在当地种什么,过什么样的生活,以及他们喜欢什么,不喜欢什么。
【词汇精讲1】minimum adj.最低(限度)的;最小的　n.最小值;最少量
The work was done with the minimum amount of effort.
做这项工作没费什么劲。
You’ll need ￡200 minimum for your holiday expenses.
你最少需要200英镑作为你假日的开销。
【词汇拓展】
at a/the minimum至少
At a minimum,we must recruit two new teachers.
我们至少要招两名新教师。
【词汇精讲2】consume vt.吃;喝;饮;消耗
He consumes vast quantities of chips with every meal.
他每顿饭都吃很多薯片。
Compared with developing countries,developed countries consume more energy.
与发展中国家相比,发达国家消耗更多的能源。
【词汇拓展】
consumer n.消费者
consumption n.消耗量;消费
No matter how famous a brand is,it can be in ruins once it betrays the trust of consumers.
无论一个品牌有多出名,一旦它背叛了消费者的信任,它就可能一文不值。
1.On the other hand,it does tell us a lot about Americans.
另一方面,它确实告诉了我们很多关于美国人的事情。
【句式剖析】本句是一个强调句,强调的是句子中的谓语动词tell,由于时态是一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数形式,所以借助does表强调。该强调形式只能用于肯定句中。
She does go to school by bus every day.
她的确每天乘公共汽车去上学。
【句式拓展】
对句中的谓语动词进行强调时,需要根据主语的人称及句子的时态借助助动词do/does/did来表示。
I do hope I can be chosen as a spokesman for polar bears.
我的确希望能被选中担任北极熊代言人。
I did call her last night,but I didn’t get through.
我昨晚的确给她打电话了,但是没接通。
Do be careful when you are crossing the street next time.
下次过马路时一定要小心。
2.Tired,hungry,and not knowing a word of Chinese,we had no idea how to order,so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.
又累又饿,而且一句汉语也不会,我们压根儿不知道如何点餐,于是厨师在我们桌上摆满了食物,那是我们吃过的最可口的饭菜。
【句式剖析】Tired,hungry,and not knowing a word of Chinese是we had no idea...的状语,and并列连接了形容词和动词-ing形式,表示当时“我们”所处的状态。同时,前面部分又和so the chef just began...并列,表达因果关系。tired,hungry是形容词作状语,说明谓语动词发生时主语所处的状态。
Tired and hungry,the man refused to go on with the work.
又累又饿,那个人拒绝继续工作。
Busy with his work,he has no time to go to the movie.
忙于工作,他没有时间去看电影。
【句式拓展】
形容词作状语在句中可以表示行为方式或伴随状况、原因、时间或条件等。
For a moment I just stood there,and saw the deep water,afraid.
我在那儿呆呆地站了一会儿,非常害怕地看着深深的水。
Practice
1.Prior to_____________(work) in London,I got my PhD in the computer science in Standford.
2. The company__________(consist) of 15 small factories is facing a serious financial crisis.
3. The room are stuffed__________antiques and priceless treasures.
4.Slice the eggs_________ two and arrange them on a serving dish.
5.The construction of the bridge would take three months______a minimum.
6.We need to cut down on our fuel____________(consume) by having fewer cars on the road.
working
consisting
with
into
at
consumption

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