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Lesson 1 Masterpieces
Unit 7 ART
masterpiece: a work of art that is of high quality or that is the best that a particular artist, writer etc. has created
What is masterpiece
1)Can you list some artists you know
2)Can you say some masterpiece you know
Warming-up
文森特·威廉·梵高（Vincent Willem van Gogh，1853年3月30日—1890年7月29日），荷兰后印象派画家。代表作有《星月夜》、自画像系列、向日葵系列等。
梵高出生于1853年3月30日荷兰乡村津德尔特的一个新教牧师家庭，早年的他做过职员和商行经纪人，还当过矿区的传教士最后他投身于绘画。他早期画风写实，受到荷兰传统绘画及法国写实主义画派的影响。1886年，他来到巴黎，结识印象派和新印象派画家，并接触到日本浮世绘的作品，视野的扩展使其画风巨变。1888年，来到法国南部小镇阿尔，创作《阿尔的吊桥》；同年与画家保罗·高更交往，但由于二人性格的冲突和观念的分歧，合作很快便告失败。此后，梵高的疯病（有人记载是“癫痫病”）时常发作，但神志清醒时他仍然坚持作画。1889年创作《星月夜》。1890年7月，梵高在精神错乱中开枪自杀，年仅37岁。
爱德华·蒙克（Edvard Munch，1863年12月12日—1944年1月23日），挪威表现主义画家、版画复制匠，现代表现主义绘画的先驱。
爱德华·蒙克绘画带有强烈的主观性和悲伤压抑的情调。他对心理苦闷的强烈的，呼唤式的处理手法对20世纪初德国表现主义的成长起了主要的影响，其主要作品有《呐喊》《生命之舞》《卡尔约翰街的夜晚》。1944年1月23日，爱德华·蒙克于艾可利逝世。
勒内·马格利特，比利时画家。早期从事墙纸设计和商业艺术。20世纪20年代与巴黎的超现实主义者交往甚密，并开始潜心作画，宗法超现实主义画风。早期作品包括《会飞的塑像》（1927）和《漂亮的俘虏》（1931）。成熟期的作品色彩更为鲜明，物体位置并列，常以海和天空为题材。代表作有《风云将变》（1928）、《比利牛斯山上城堡》（1959）。勒内·马格利特是比利时画家，超现实主义运动的主要成员之1898年生于莱锡内。他小的时候没有受到良好的教育，再加之家庭的一些不幸使得勒内·马格利幼小的心灵遭到了很大的创伤。他14岁时，母亲自杀，这件事更给他以沉重的打击。18岁时，马格利特进入了布鲁塞尔艺术学院，时断时续地学习了几年，从此艺术的魅力为他的生活带来了些许安慰。在他成长过程中诗人布尔乔亚以及马宋对他起了很大的影响。1927年8月，马格利特迁居法国郊区，开始了自己专业绘画的生涯。此后的3年，是马格利特创作上的丰收时期，他的作品都作于这一阶段。
欧洲·荷兰梵高博物馆实拍
What do you see in the following paintings Use the phrases below to help you. Do you like them What are the names of the three paintings
white and yellow circles an amazing sky
a thin figure a lonely tree a sleeping village
a dark stormy sea a house lit by lights from inside
What would you title the painting
What does the title say about the painting
What elements can be seen in the painting
What is your opinion of the painting
What emotiong does the painting bring to mind
How does the painting make you feel
The Starry Night
What would you title the painting
What does the title say about the painting
What elements can be seen in the painting
What is your opinion of the painting
What emotiong does the painting bring to mind
How does the painting make you feel
The Empire of Light
The Scream
How to introduce a painting
painting
painter
…
factors (构成要素):
What are these three descriptions mainly about
A. Three famous paintings.
B. Three famous painters.
C. Three interesting stories.
Read and answer:
the painting the painter the time when it was painted
The Starry Night
The Scream
The Empire of Light
Fill in a form.
Van Gogh
Edvard Munch
René Magritte
in June 1889
in 1893
between 1953 and 1954
What is each painting about
The Starry Night
What did Van Gogh also paint in The Starry Night
the massive circles
a village and a tree
hang in the sky
color: white and yellow
the stars and the moon
racing across the sky
bright and dark
beneath amazing sky
feeling: lonely
Read the three descriptions again. Use the diagram below to help you take notes. Then talk about each painting.
You can use contextual clues.
What does the painting show
What may have inspired the painter
What did the artist think or say about the painting
Activity 3
Read again , take notes and talk about each painting .
What does the painting show
What may have inspired the painter
What did the artist think or say about the painting
The Starry Night
_______________
The Scream
_______________
The Empire of Light
____________________
The Starry Night
What does the painting show
What may have inspired the painter
What did the artist think or say about the paintig
The night sky with clouds, stars and a moon.
What he saw from the window.
He thought it was failure.
1.What does the painting show
2.What may have inspired the painter
3.What did the artist think or say about the painting
A thin figure with an expression of fear.
His experience of walking with friends.
Not mentioned in the text.
Activity 3
1.What does the painting show
2.What may have inspired the painter
3.What did the artist think or say about the painting
A beautiful house lit by lights from inside,
surrounded by the darkness of the light.
His thoughts and ideas.
The contrast between day and night in the paintings was surprising.
Activity 3
What do they have in common
1. mental health problems
2. inspiration
Sort the expressions into the correct columns. Use them to practise introducing the paintings.
The Starry Night The Scream The Empire of Light
1 with an expression of fear
2 let out a powerful scream
3 circles of white and yellow racing across the sky
4 a burning orange-red sky
5 surrounded by the darkness of night
6 the night sky with clouds, stars and a moon
7 a beautiful house lit by lights from inside
8 full of brightness and soft white clouds
9 looks directly at the viewer
10 a sleeping village and a dark, lonely tree
The Starry Night The Scream The Empire of Light
3, 6, 10
1, 2, 4, 9
5, 7, 8
If you are talented enough to create a masterpiece, what would you like to create A painting A book A song A movie Give your reasons.
A man paints with his brain and not with his hands.
- Michelangelo, an Italian painter
Painting is silent poetry, and poetry is painting that speaks.
- Plutarch, an ancient Greek writer
Good painting is like good cooking; it can be tasted, but not explained.
-Maurice de Vlaminck, a French painter
在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫作名词性从句。
根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。
常见的引导名词性从句的引导词有what, who, which, when, where, why, how, that, whether, if等。
名词性从句
一、主语从句
用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。
1) 由that引导的主语从句：
eg That we shall be late is certain.
2) 由连接代(副)词引导的主语从句：
eg How the prisoner escaped is a complete mystery.
3) 由关系代词what或whatever引导的主语从句：
eg What she did is not yet known.
有时可用形式主语it代替主语从句，即将it放在句首，将主语从句放在句末，以免句子头重脚轻。如：
a. it + be +形容词+ that从句
It is natural that they should have different views.
b. it + be +名词+ that从句
It is a pity that he can’t swim.
c. it +动词+宾语+ that从句
It struck me that we ought to make a new plan.
d. it +动词被动式结构+ that从句
It is said that there has been an earthquake in India.
二、表语从句
用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。
eg My point is that you may have to face the problem.
The problem is who we can get to replace Frank.
That is where the battle took place.
后跟表语从句的除be外，还有appear, become, look, remain, seem, sound等。
eg I feel sorry for her, but the fact remains that she lied to us.
1. 在advice, suggestion, order等表示建议、劝告、命令等含义的名词后的表语从句中，谓语部分要用“should +动词原形”结构，should可以省略。
eg Jack’s suggestion is that we (should) attend the meeting.
2. whether可以引导表语从句， if一般不可以。
eg The question is whether to go to London or Paris.
3. as if / as though也可引导表语从句。
eg All this was over 20 years ago, but it’s as if / as though it was only yesterday.
4. 主句主语为reason时，表语从句的引导词要用that，一般不用why或because。
eg The reason for such a serious accident is that the driver was drunk.
三、宾语从句
用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。
宾语从句的引导词有从属连词that, whether, if, 连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whomever, whosever, whatever, whichever等，连接副词when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however等。
eg I felt that she had a strong will.
I wonder what you call these flowers.
Tell me how you got home.
宾语从句既可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语。
eg She is sorry for what she said.
要点四 　同位语从句
◆要点必记
同位语从句位于某些表示抽象概念的名词后面，用来说明该名词的具体内容。
·常见名词：advice，conclusion，doubt，fact， hope，idea，news，promise，question， suggestion，thought，truth，wish，word 等。
·常用引导词：that，whether，how，where， when，why 等。
◆误区警示
·that 引导同位语从句时，在从句中不充当任何句子成分，但不能省略。
·that 引导定语从句时，既起引导词的作用，又在从句中充当句子成分，在定语从句中作宾语时that 常可以省略，先行词指物时可用which 替换。

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