资源简介

(共49张PPT)
Unit 6 Survival
Unit 6 Survival
Plan B: Life on Mars
Word and expressions
Mars n. 火星 68
advanced adj. 高级的；先进的 68
wipe v. 擦，拭，揩 68
wipe out 彻底摧毁，消灭 68
nuclear adj. 核武器的 68
terrifying adj. 极其可怕的，骇人听闻的
68
hostile adj. （生长环境）恶劣的 68
unmanned adj. 无人驾驶（操纵）的 68
spacecraft n. 航天器，宇宙飞船 68
orbit v. 环绕...运行 68
stunning adj. 极具吸引力的；令人惊奇的 68
agency n. 机构；（尤指政府内的）局，部，处 69
consist v. 组成 69
consist of 由... 构成，由...组成 69
in the meantime 在此期间，与此同时 69
infer v. 推断，推定 70
expose v. 使暴露（于险境） 70
astronaut n. 宇航员，太空人 71
dust n. 沙土， 尘土 71
capsule n. （航天器的）密封舱，太空舱
71
exposure n. 暴露 71
trunk n. 树干 72
In the 1960s and 1970s,the greatest fear was that the human race, and possibly all advanced life forms on the planet, could be wiped out by nuclear missiles, just at the push of a button .Today, however, environmental problems have taken over as the greatest risk to life on Earth. Scientists are thinking of ways to lower this risk, such as replacing coal and oil with forms of renewable energy. But they are also preparing for the worst： what can we do if the terrifying scenes in films such as The Day After Tomorrow happen in real life What is our Plan B for Earth
Paragraph 1
In the 1960s and 1970s, the greatest fear was that the human race, and possibly all advanced life forms on the planet, could be wiped out by nuclear missiles, just at the push of a button.
advanced/lower life forms 高级/低级的生命形式
wipe out 彻底摧毁；消灭
nuclear missiles 核导弹
at the push of a button 引申为“轻易地，容易地”
make advances in... 在......取得进步/进展
Language points
advanced
adj. 高级的;先进的
advance v. 前进;促进;提前 n. 前进;进步
advance on/upon/towards 向...推进/挺进
advanced technology 先进的技术
in advance 预先；提前=ahead of time
Exercise
1. We must reserve the plane tickets advance for the peak tourist season.
2. It’s not all that hard to build an (advance) and large vocabulary.
3. Advances medical science mean that people who would die of head injuries can now be saved.
in
advanced
in
Scientists are thinking of ways to lower this risk, such as replacing coal and oil with forms of renewable energy.
lower this risk 降低这种风险
renewable energy 可再生能源
replace vt. 取代；替换；代替；把...放回原处
replace ... by/ with... 用...替换...
replace ... as ... 取代...而成为...
But they are also preparing for the worst: what can we do if the terrifying scenes in films such as The Day After Tomorrow happen in real life
◆prepared adj.准备好的
be prepared for sth.=get ready for sth. 为…做好准备
be prepared to do sth. 准备做某事
◆prepare v. 准备
prepare sth. 准备……
prepare for sth. 为……做准备
prepare sth. for... 为……准备某物
prepare sb. for sth. 使某人为……进行准备
prepare to do sth. 准备做某事
◆preparation n. 准备
make preparations for... 为……做准备
in preparation for为……做准备
Language points
terrifying
adj.令人害怕的
terrify v. 使人害怕 terrified adj.感到害怕的
terror n.惊恐; 惊骇
be terrified of sth. 极度害怕某事
be terrified that... 非常害怕...
in terror 惊恐地
Exercise
1. I (terrify) that the plane would crash.
2. The child will be terrified being left alone in the big house.
3. Seeing the fierce dog, the little girl screamed
terror.
was terrified
of
in
One option is to explore other planets to see if we could live on them. The most likely choice is Mars, which is relatively close to Earth and has an environment less hostile than that of other planets. Mars has fascinated people since ancient times, and today our interest in Martain exploration is greater than ever before. Films such as The Martian enjoy worldwide popularity. More governments and organisations are making efforts to educate the public on the Red Planet, for example, the Mars Desert Research Station in the Utah desert of the US and the Mars Village in North-west China’s Qinghai Province.
Paragraph 2
…, which is relatively close to Earth and has an environment less hostile than that of other planets.
① hostile weather conditions
② a hostile climate/environment
hostile adj.
difficult or not suitable for living or growing
艰苦的，恶劣的；不利的
……它离地球相对较近，环境不像其他行星那么恶劣。
恶劣的天气条件
恶劣的气候／环境
拓展
① The President had a hostile reception in Ohio this morning.
② Drinking may make a person feel relaxed and happy, or it may make him / her hostile, violent, or depressed.
③ I’m not hostile to (= against) the idea of change as such.
坚决否定；强烈反对
总统今天早上在俄亥俄州受到了不友好的接待。
喝酒可以使一个人感到放松和愉快，也可以让人变得不友善、粗暴或沮丧。
我并不反对做这样的改变。
敌意的，敌对的,不友好的
The most likely choice is Mars, which is relatively close to Earth and has an environment less hostile than that of other planets.
可能性最大的选择是火星，它离地球相对较近，环境也不像其他星球那么恶劣。
More recently, scientists have succeeded in growing a variety of plants in an environment similar to that on Mars. (para.4)
最近，科学家们在类似火星的环境中成功地培育出了多种植物。
that用作替代词， 指代上文提到的名词　
Language points
fascinate
v. 使着迷; 引起极大兴趣
fascinated adj. 入迷的; 极感兴趣的→fascinating adj.迷人的；引人入胜的→fascination n. 入迷; 着迷
be fascinated by... 对...着迷
be fascinated with... 迷上...
in fascination 入迷地;如痴如醉地
have a fascination for... 对...着迷
Exercise
1. Many young people are (fascinate) by the beauty of their idol.
2. Her voice has a positive (fascinate) for me.
3. It’s (fascinate) to watch her moive.
4. Wendy stared at her idol fascination.
fascinated
fascination
fascinating
in
contrary to popular belief 与普遍的看法相反
Language points
popularity
n. 受欢迎;流行
popular adj. 受到喜爱的; 受欢迎的; 流行的;普遍的
enjoy worldwide popularity 在全国范围内受欢迎
increase/gain in popularity 更受欢迎;得到认可
be popular with 为...所喜爱;受...欢迎
Exercise
1. Contrary popular belief, science does not offer us certainties.
2. Skateboarding and rollerblading are particularly popular
young boys.
3. Golf incresed in (popular) during the 1980s.
to
with
popularity
Mars has fascinated people since ancient times, and today our interest in Martian exploration is greater than ever before.
Martian exploration 火星探测
More governments and organisations are making efforts to educate the public on the Red Planet, for example, ...
make efforts to do sth. 努力做某事
without effort 毫不费力地
Language points
effort
n. 努力; 艰难的尝试; 尽力
effortless adj. 毫不费力的; 应付自如的
make an effort/efforts to do sth.努力做某事
spare no efforts to do sth. 不遗余力做某事
be worth the effort 值得努力
Exercise
1. She adapted (effort) to his new surroundings.
2. No one can achieve success effort.
3. People all over the world are making efforts . the preservation of peace.
4. The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth
effort.
effortlessly
without
to
the
Since the 1960s, we have been sending unmanned spacecraft to Mars. Our probes have orbited the planet, sending back valuable data and stunning images. Our robots have explored the Martian surface, testing the soil and searching for resources, water and signs of life. Encouraged by discoveries over the years, space agencies of various countries are planning manned missions to Mars that could take place within the next 25 years.
Paragraph 3
Our probes have orbited the planet, sending back valuable data and stunning images.
①The earth takes a year to orbit the sun.
② In 1957 the Soviet Union launched the first satellite to orbit the earth.
orbit v.
我们的探测器已经绕火星轨道运行，并发回了宝贵的数据和令人惊叹的图像。
to follow a curved path around a planet or star
绕轨道运行，沿轨道围绕（行星或恒星）运行
1957年，苏联发射了第一颗环绕地球运行的人造卫星。
地球绕太阳一周要一年的时间。
orbit n.
①The satellite is now in a stable orbit.
②A new satellite has been put into orbit around the earth.
拓展
a curved path followed by a planet or an object as it moves around another planet, star, moon, etc. （天体等运行的）轨道
卫星目前在稳定的轨道上运行。
一颗新的人造卫星被送上了环绕地球的轨道。
Since the 1960s, we have been sending unmanned spacecraft to Mars. Our probes have orbited the planet, sending back valuable data and stunning images.
unmanned spacecraft 无人驾驶宇宙飞船
manned spacecraft 载人宇宙飞船
manned missions 载人任务
stunning images 令人惊奇的图像
自20世纪60年代以来，我们一直在向火星发射无人飞船。我们的探测器已经绕火星轨道运行并发回了宝贵的数据和令人惊叹的图像。
① All the ideas have a stunning simplicity(简单).
② He suffered a stunning defeat in the election.
stunning adj.
(2) extremely attractive or impressive
极有魅力的；绝妙的；给人以深刻印象的
You look absolutely stunning!
(1) extremely surprising or shocking
令人惊奇万分的；令人震惊的
所有的想法都简单得出奇。
他在选举中惨败。
你看上去漂亮极了。
Encouraged by discoveries over the years, space agencies of various countries are planning manned missions to Mars that could take place within the next 25 years.
space agencies 航天局
take place 发生；举行
Translation
受到多年来这些发现的鼓舞，各国航天机构正计划在未来25年内进行载人飞船登陆火星的任务。
There is no doubt that humankind is drawn towards Mars, with dreams of making it our second home. However, sending people there will require all the skill, courage and intelligence of the human race. While the Moon can be reached within days, it would take months to reach Mars, travelling through dangerous solar radiation. And even if the first settlers do reach Mars safely, they may not be able to return to Earth-ever. Staying alive will be a daily challenge, but as proved by the Biosphere 2 experiment, not impossible.
Paragraph 4
draw v.
① The movie is drawing large audiences.
② The course draws students from all over the country.
to attract or interest sb
吸引；招引；使感兴趣
这部影片吸引着大批观众。
这课程吸引着来自全国各地的学生。
As early as the 1980s, scientists were building Biosphere 2 in the Arizona desert. It consisted of a closed space in which people, animals and plants could live together. The “closed” concept meant that the space was designed to function with its own oxygen, food and water, needing nothing from the outside world. Although the two-year experiment was not a success, it did provide us with a better understanding of how humans might be able to live on another planet. More recently, scientists have succeeded in growing a variety of plants in an environment similar to that on Mars. That definitely is a big step forward.
Paragraph 4
For now, human settlement of Mars is still decades away. In the meantime, scientific research shows that the planet Earth is getting warmer. This change is being caused by human activity and is having a terrible effect on the biosphere. Until we are finally able to live on another planet, we need to take much better care of our own. Right now, it's the only one we have!
Paragraph 5
expose sb. to... 让某人了解; 使某人面临
Language points
exposure
n. 暴露; 挨冻,受寒;公开露面;揭露
expose v. 使暴露
exposure to... 暴露;接触
die from exposure 被冻死
be exposed to 暴露于...; 遭受...
Exercise
1. Unwilling to (expose) tothe sunlight, he drew the curtain to keep it off.
2. At least two people died from (expose) overnight.
3. Mothers never expose her children the slightest possibility of danger.
be exposed
exposure
to
catch sb’s eye/attention 引起某人的注意
Language points
be caught in
陷入;遇到
catch v. 抓住;撞见;患上 catch - caught - caught
=be trapped in/be stuck in
catch sb. doing sth. 撞见某人正在做某事
catch up with 赶上 catch hold of 抓住
Exercise
1. Dozens of schoolchildren (catch)in the attack.
2. If they catch you (smoke), you’ll be in trouble.
3. I ran after her in an attempt to catch with her.
4. He caught hold me by the shoulder.
were caught
smoking
up
of
contact sb. by email/telephone 通过邮件/电话与某人联系
Language points
lose contact with
与...失去联系
contact v./n. 联系; 与...交往
make/get in contact with 与...取得联系
keep in contact with sb. 与某人保持联系
(be) in/out of contact with sb. 与某人联系/失去联系
Exercise
1. There is no signal in that faraway village and I lost contact my friends.
2. Taking on this challenge will bring you contact with some who shares your interests.
3. Could you help me contact my father telephone.
with
in
by
Language points
run low
缺乏;即将用尽
run v.跑;快速移动;经营;运行;开设run - ran - run - running
熟词生义: 参加竞选;起作用,奏效;持续(last)
run after 追赶, 追逐 run away 逃跑
run for 参加竞选 run out (of sth.) 用完;耗尽
run across 穿过; 碰到 run late 迟到, 延迟, 晚了
run into (trouble) 遇上; 陷入(困境)
Exercise
1. You ran Head of the Student Committee but weren’t elected.
2. Her daughter pretended not to hear what she said and kept on (run).
3. While I was walking to the store, I ran an old friend from high school.
4. We have run time. We need to hurry.
5. The battery on my phone is running , I'll need to charge it soon.
for
running
into
out of
low
课前基础自测
一，单词
(1) n.暴露 (2) adj.高级的,先进的
(3) v.擦,拭,揩 (4) adj.骇人听闻的
(5) adj.令人惊奇的 (6) v.环绕…运行
(7) v.由…组成 (8) v.推断,推定
(9) v.使暴露 (10) n.沙土,尘土
exposure
advanced
wipe
terrifying
stunning
orbit
consist
expose
infer
dust
课前基础自测
一，单词
(11) n.受欢迎;流行 (12) adv.肯定地;当然
(13) v.降低 (14) n.选择
(15) adj.可再生的 (16) v.使着迷
(17) n.探测器;探索 (18) n.概念
(19) v.重新开始 (20) v.向...提供动力
popularity
definitely
lower
option
renewable
fascinate
probe
resume
concept
power
课前基础自测
一，单词
(21) n.agency (22) n.Mars
(23) adj.unmanned (24) adj.nuclear
(25) adj.hostile (26) n.spacecraft
(27) n.astronaut (28) n.capsule
(29) n.trunk (30) n.biosphere
机构;局,部,处
火星
无人驾驶的
核武器的
恶劣的
宇宙飞船
宇航员
树干
太空舱
生物圈
二，短语
(1)彻底摧毁;消灭 .
(2)降低风险 .
(3)用...替代... .
(4)可再生能源 .
(5)为...做准备 .
(6)在全国范围内受欢迎 .
(7)在某事上对某人予以教育 .
(8)探究 .
(9)努力做某事 .
(10)毫无疑问 .
课前基础自测
wipe out
lower risks
replace... with...
renewable energy
prepare for...
enjoy worldwide popularity
educate sb. on sth.
probe into
make efforts to do sth.
there is no doubt that...
二，短语
(11)活着 .
(12)由...构成/组成 .
(13)成功做某事 .
(14)各种各样的 .
(15)与此同时 .
(16)从...推测 .
(17)曝光于;暴露于 .
(18)有根据的推测 .
(19)陷入;遇到 .
(20)与...失去联系 .
课前基础自测
stay alive
consist of...
succeed in doing sth.
a variety of
in the meanwhile
infer from...
be exposed to
educated guesses
be caught in
lose contact with
二，短语
(21)出问题, 出故障 .
(22)防止/阻止... .
(23)一次;每次 .
(24)缺乏;即将用尽 .
(25)用...进行实验;试用... .
(26)解决;计算出;制定;锻炼 .
(27)在压力之下 .
课前基础自测
go wrong
keep/prevent/stop... from...
at a time
run low
experiment with
work out
under pressure
课前基础自测
三，词汇拓展
1. 　　 adj.极其可怕的→ n.恐怖;恐惧
→ v.使惊吓;使恐惧
2. v.使暴露(于险境)→ n.暴露
3. adj.极具吸引力的→ v.使震惊
4. adj.高级的,先进的→ n.进展;进步;前进
5. v.准备→ 　　 n. 准备
→ adj.准备好;愿意;有所准备
terrifying
terror
terrify
expose
exposure
stunning
stun
advanced
advance
prepare
preparation
prepared
课前基础自测
三，词汇拓展
6. v. 使着迷→ 　　 n.着迷,迷恋
→ adj.迷人的;极有吸引力的
7. n.沙土,尘土→ adj.布满灰尘的
8. v.设计;制造;计划→ n.设计师
9. v.推断,推定→ n.推断;推理;推论
10. n. 流行;普及;受欢迎→ adj.受欢迎的;流行的→ n.推广者
fascinate
fascination
fascinating
dust
dusty
design
designer
infer
inference
popularity
popular
populariser
课前基础自测
三，词汇拓展
11. n.多样化; 变化;种类→ v.变化
→ adj.各种各样的，不同的
12. adj.危险的→ n. 危险
13. adv.安全地→ n.安全
14. adj.有价值的→ n.价值;用途 v. 重视
15. 　　 adj.不可能的→ adj.可能的
→ adv.可能;尽量;或许→ n.可能;机会
variety
vary
various
dangerous
danger
safely
safety
valuable
value
impossible
possible
possibly
possibility
Find more examples about humans efforts to survive or adapt to the environment.
Homework

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