资源简介

(共44张PPT)
Understanding ideas
新标准《英语》高中选择性必修第三册
课文语法结构分析
violent / va l nt/ adj. 狂暴的，凶暴的
violence n. 暴力
violently adv. 激烈地，强烈地
violent reaction 反应强烈
①The storm became increasingly ______ , causing widespread damage.
②The government is taking measures to reduce ________ in schools.
③He shook his head ________ to show his disagreement.
violent
violence
violently
Para. 1
The D-DAY LANDINGS 诺曼底登陆日
By spring 1944, the Second World War had been raging across the globe for about five years. But along the south coast of England, something unusual was happening: Allied troops made up mainly of British, Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in large numbers.
到1944年春天，第二次世界大战已经在全球肆虐了大约五年之久。但是在英格兰的南部海岸正发生着不寻常的事情：由英国、加拿大和美国士兵组成的盟军正在大量聚集。
By spring 1944, the Second World War had been raging across the globe about five years.
You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow.
They must have finished their work by this time.
by+过去时间，主句用过去完成或过去完成进行时
by+现在时间，主句用现在完成时
by+将来时间，主句用将来完成时
But along the south coast of England, something unusual was happening: Allied troops made up mainly of British, Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in large numbers.
allied troops 盟军部队
be made up of 由...组成
in large numbers 大量地
allied
ally (v 使联盟) + -ed (形容词后缀)
This marked one of the final stages of a top-secret operation that had been months, perhaps years, in the planning. Code-named “Operation Overlord”, it was the largest combined sea, air and land operation in history, the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation. After waiting for the perfect combination of weather, moon and tides, the date for the start of Operation Overlord was set for 6 June.
这标志着一场计划了数月，甚至可能是数年的绝密行动终于进入了最后阶段。这次作战行动的代号为“霸王行动”，它是历史上规模最大的海、陆、空三方力量集结的行动，目的是解放德国占领的欧洲西北部地区。在确保天气、月亮和潮水三者达到最佳结合点后，“霸王行动”最终定在了6月6日。在确保天气、月亮和潮水三者达到最佳结合点后，“霸王行动”最终定在了6月6日。
The D-DAY LANDINGS 诺曼底登陆日
Para. 1
top-secret 绝密的
code-named 起代号为
operation n．
军事行动，警方行动；
手术；(为了专门目的而组织的)行动；
运转，运行，操作；
经营，业务
land n.陆地，土地
v.降落，着陆；靠岸，登陆；成功得到，赢得
独立主格（absolute construction），也称为独立结构，是一种英语语法结构，它由两部分组成：第一部分是名词或代词，作为逻辑主语；第二部分可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、不定式等，与第一部分存在逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构在句中通常起状语分句的作用，可以表示时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况等。
独立主格结构的特点包括：
1. 独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。
2. 名词或代词与后面的形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、不定式等存在逻辑上的主谓关系。
3. 独立主格结构一般用逗号与主句分开，但与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。
1. 名词（代词）+现在分词：表示主动和正在进行的动作。
Time permitting, we will discuss more questions.
2. 名词（代词）+过去分词：表示被动和已完成的动作。
The bag lost, he had no money now.
3. 名词（代词）+不定式：表示将来的动作或目的。
Lots of homework to do, I must do it now.
4. 名词（代词）+形容词/副词：描述名词或代词的状态。
He reads books here, his hands big and fat.
5. 名词（代词）+名词：表示同位关系。
Many children are reading here, most of them Chinese.
6. 名词（代词）+介词短语：表示伴随状况。
He sat there, his eyes on her back.
特殊结构包括：
There being +名词或代词：表示存在某种情况。
There being nothing else to do, we went home.
It being +名词或代词：表示特定时间或条件下的情况。
It being Christmas, the government offices were closed.
With/without引导的独立主格结构：表示伴随状况或条件。
With his son so disappointing, the old man felt unhappy.
1. Her dinner ____________ (eat) alone, Mary walked straight into the library.
2. The container contains many kinds of fruits, apples ____________ (include).
3. The work ____________ (finish), they left the office and went home.
4. His attention ____________ (fix) on the game on his smartphone, the student didn't notice his teacher standing behind him.
5. With the problem ____________ (settle), they were happy and relaxed.
eaten
included
finished
fixed
settled
6. It ____________ (be) Sunday, many people go to the gymnasium to do physical exercise.
7. You'd better increase exposure to different words, many of them easily _______ (add) to your vocabulary.
8. She walked along the path, her daughter ____________ (follow) close behind.
9. He sat there, his arms ____________ (cross) in front of his chest.
10. There are so many tall trees in the forest, some of them ____________ (measure) 50 metres.
being
adding
following
crossed
measuring
An order issued by Supreme Allied Commander General Eisenhower to the troops read:“Your task will not be an easy one. Your enemy is well trained, well equipped and battle-hardened… But this is the year 1944… The tide has turned! The free men of the world are marching together to Victory! I have full confidence in your courage, devotion to duty and skill in battle. We will accept nothing less than full Victory!”
盟军最高司令艾森豪威尔将军在鼓舞军队士气时说道：“你们的任务将不会轻松。敌人训练有素、武器精良，而且久经沙场……但今年是1944年……时局已经发生转变! 全世界自由的人们正在一起向胜利前进！我对你们的勇气、责任心和作战能力十分有信心。我们将迎接的只会是彻底的胜利！”
The D-DAY LANDINGS 诺曼底登陆日
Para. 2
issue vt.发出;公布;发表(声明);(正式)发给,供给;发行　 n.(报刊的)期,号；(有关某事的)问题，担忧; 议题, 争论的问题(多指社会或者政治方面)
They issued a special set of stamps to mark the occasion.他们发行了一套特别的邮票来纪念这一时刻。
The school issued a statement about its plans to the press. 学校就其计划向新闻界发表了一项声明。
The article appeared in issue 25.该文发表在第25期。
She usually writes about environmental issues. 她通常写有关环境问题的题材。
I don't think my private life is the issue here. 我认为问题并非我的私生活。
command n. 命令；指令；掌握 vt.命令；指挥；支配
听从某人的支配 _______________
由某人指挥/统帅_______________
控制；担任……的指挥____________
指挥；控制__________________
很好地掌握；精通_______________
at one’s command
under one’s command
take command of
be in command of
have a good command of
command sb. to do sth.
命令某人做某事
command that…(should) do…
equip v.装备；配备
equip...with... 用...装备...
be equipped...with... 配备着
equip sb. for sth./to do sth.使某人能胜任某事/做某事
be equipped for sth./to do sth. 能够（做某事）
equipment n.装备,设备,用具
battle-hardened adj.身经百战的
have full confidence in 对...充满信心
devotion to duty 忠于职守
nothing less than 完全是；简直是；不亚于
With these words ringing in their ears, Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day. At dawn on 6 June, thousands landed by parachute behind enemy lines in northern France. Meanwhile, thousands more were journeying across the English Channel to Normandy, protected by fighter planes in the skies above them. Their objective was clear: to reach the Normandy beaches along about 80 kilometres of French coastline. But even in the depths of war, few could have been prepared for the violence and horror they would experience there.
盟军士兵耳中回荡着这些话语，为登陆诺曼底做准备。6月6日清晨，数千名士兵在法国北部空降在敌人后方。与此同时，更有数千名士兵在战斗机的保护下，穿越英吉利海峡，在诺曼底登陆。他们的目标十分明确：沿着大约80千米的法国海岸线到达诺曼底海滩。但就算是深陷战争，也很少有人能够为即将经历的残暴和恐怖做好准备。
The D-DAY LANDINGS 诺曼底登陆日
Para. 3
parachute
para (against 抵抗、应对）+ chute (fall 跌落)，字面意思是“应对高空跌落 (的防护装置)”
objective / b d ekt v/ n. 目的，目标
object n.①物体，物品 ②目标 ③宾语v.反对
objection n. 反对；异议
objectivity n. 客观性
work toward an objective 努力实现目标
①It's hard to be completely __________ when discussing emotional topics.
②If you ________ to the plan, please raise your hand now.
adj. 客观的
objective
object
horror / h r / n. 惊恐
horrify v.恐吓，使厌恶 horrible adj.恐怖的；可怕的horribly adv.可怕地
in horror 惊恐地 to one＇s horror 令人惊恐的是
have a horror of 对...感到恐惧
be frozen with horror 吓呆
①She stared at the scene in ________ , unable to move.
②He has a horror ________ spiders.
③She was ________ by the violent scenes in the film.
horror
of
horrified
The fiercest fighting was at Omaha Beach. The enemy were hiding, ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before they reached land. Boats were hit and men drowned, while those who did make it to the beach faced heavy machine gunfire. By mid-morning, hundreds lay dead in the water and amongst the tanks on the beach. One soldier recalled how he barely made it with bombs falling all around him:“I was the first one out. The seventh man was the next one to get across the beach without being hit. All the ones in between were hit. Two were killed; three were injured. That’s how lucky you had to be.”
奥马哈海滩的情况最不容乐观。敌人藏身于各个地方，甚至准备在盟军登陆前就开始进攻。船被击翻，一些人落水而亡，而那些成功抵达海滩的人面对的则是机关枪的猛烈扫射。到上午10点钟，已有上百人在水中或在海滩上的坦克之间阵亡。一名士兵事后回忆他是如何在轰炸中侥幸脱险的：“我是第一个冲出来的人。第七个冲出来的士兵是第二个穿过海滩没有被击中的。我俩之间的士兵全被击中了。其中有两人死亡，三人受伤。真的是要有天大的幸运才能躲过这一劫。”
The D-DAY LANDINGS 诺曼底登陆日
Para. 4
make it 获得成功；及时抵达; 能够出席(或到场)； 幸免于难，渡过难关
After coming to China, she not only made it but made it big. 来到中国后，她不仅成功了，而且是大获成功。
If we run，we should make it. 我们如果跑的话，应该来得及。
I'm really sorry but I won't be able to make it to the party on Sunday. 非常抱歉，我星期天不能参加聚会。
The doctors think he’s going to make it. 医生们认为他能挺过去。
I couldn’t have made it through the hard times without the support of my father. 没有父亲的支持，我是不可能渡过那些艰难的时光的。
get across 通过；使被理解
in between 在中间
recall
v. 回想；回忆起；召回
n. 记忆力，记性；召回令
recall (sb.) doing sth. 回想(某人)做某事
recall from... 从...召回
beyond recall 记不起来，不可恢复
几乎不；仅仅
barely / be li/ adv. 勉强才能 ；
bare adj.赤裸的，裸露的
bareness n. 裸露；空白
lay bare 揭露
by the bare skin of one's teeth 侥幸
①The dog ________ its teeth when it felt threatened.
bared
②He ________ passed the exam, scoring just 61 out of 100.
③The facts were laid ________ for everyone to see.
barely
bare
But, despite the high cost in human life, the D-Day landings were a success and were seen widely as the beginning of the end of the Second World War. By the end of August 1944, the Allies had reached the River Seine, Paris was liberated and the Germans had been removed from north-west France. The Allied forces then prepared to enter Germany, where they would meet up with the Soviet military moving in from the east.
但是，尽管伤亡惨重，诺曼底登陆还是取得了成功，并且被人们普遍视为第二次世界大战结束的开端。到1944年8月底为止，盟军抵达塞纳河，巴黎获得解放，德国人被从法国西北部赶走。之后盟军准备进攻德国，而苏联军队也正从德国东部攻入，两军相会。
The D-DAY LANDINGS 诺曼底登陆日
Para. 5
remove from 被从...逐出/移走
meet up with 与...偶遇/碰面/会合
liberate / l b re t/ v. 解放
liberation n.解放，摆脱束缚
liberty n. 自由
deliberate adj.故意的
liberate ... from 把… 从… 中解放出来；使… 摆脱…
①You have the ________ to express your opinions here.
②This new technology will ________ workers from repetitive tasks.
liberty
liberate
By the end of August 1944, the Allies had reached the River Seine, Paris was liberated and the Germans had been removed from north-west France.
by the end of +过去的时间/将来的时间
表示“(从之前的某个时间点开始)到结束为止”，通常用完成时态，如:
They ______________ their work by the end of last Friday.
They ________________their work by the end of tomorrow.
had finished
will have finished
in the end “最后、终于”, 相当于finally, eventually, at last.
at the end of the term 在学期末
或at the end of the road 在路的末尾
Seventy years later, men who had fought on D-Day gathered on both sides of the English Channel, where people were coming together for memorial ceremonies. As part of this solemn and moving occasion, a former soldier read out to the crowd these lines from the poem For the Fallen, by Laurence Binyon:
They shall grow not old, as we that are left grow old:
Age shall not weary them, nor the years condemn.
At the going down of the sun and in the morning
We will remember them.
70年后，曾在诺曼底登陆日中奋战的将士聚集在英吉利海峡两岸，人们共同参加纪念仪式。在庄重感人的仪式上，一位当时参战的老兵向众人朗诵了劳伦斯·比尼恩的《谨献给阵亡将士》一诗中的一段：
我们会日渐衰老，但他们永远不会老去：
他们永远不为年龄所难，永远不为岁月所累。
每当夕阳西下, 每当清晨来临，我们都会想起他们。
nor放句首，(用于否定句后，以表示此否定也适用于自己、他人或别的事情) 也不句子部分倒装，意指“永不为岁月所累”。
The D-DAY LANDINGS 诺曼底登陆日
Para. 6
memorial /m m ri l/ adj. 纪念的，追悼的
v.记忆，记住— n.记忆 ，纪念—
adj.难忘的
in memory of 作为对…的纪念；
memorize
memory
memorable
①His ________ of the accident was still vivid after years.
memory
②We had a ___________ trip to Paris last summer.
③The _________ ceremony was attended by hundreds of people.
memorable
memorable
Age shall not weary them, nor the years condemn.
condemn v.迫使(某人)处于不幸的境地；判刑；谴责
condemn sb. for (doing) sth.　 因为(做)某事而谴责/指责某人
be condemned to do sth. 注定做某事；被迫做某事
be condemned to death 被判死刑
Survivors of the D-Day landings continue to meet to remember the fellow soldiers and friends they lost that day. Although each year they are fewer in number, their outstanding acts of courage mean that we will always remember them-as well as those who lost their lives on the beaches of northern France.
诺曼底登陆日的幸存者继续相会，纪念他们在那天失去的战友和朋友。尽管他们的人数每年都在减少，但他们杰出的勇敢行为意味着我们将永远记住他们——以及那些在法国北部海滩上牺牲的人。
The D-DAY LANDINGS 诺曼底登陆日
Para.7
一，单词
(1) n.登陆 (2) n.指挥官，长官
(3) n.海岸线 (4) adj.杰出的优秀的
(5) v.迫使处于不幸的境地；谴责
(6) adj.纪念的，追悼的
(7) v.解放 (8) adv.勉强才能
(9) n.回想，回忆起(10) prep.在......当中
landing
commander
coastline
outstanding
memorial
condemn
liberate
barely
recall
amongst
一，单词
(11) v.淹死 (12) n.暴力
(13) adj.最高的 (14) adj.狂暴的
(15) n.目标，目的 (16) n.惊恐，
(17) n.军队；部队 (18) adv.勉强才能
(19) n.回想，回忆起(20) prep.在......当中
drown
violence
supreme
violent
horror
objective
troop
barely
recall
amongst
一，单词
(21) n. solemn (22) v. weary
(23) n.tank (24) n. gunfire
(25) n.parachute (26) n.tide
(27) v.code-name (28) adj. allied
(29) adj. vengeful (30) adj.deadly
严肃的，庄重的
使非常疲倦
坦克
炮火
降落伞
潮水
起代号为
同盟国的
复仇的
致命的
二，短语
(1)如此大规模地 .
(2)被证明是... .
(3)超出某人的想象 .
(4)导致 .
(5)发挥重要作用 .
(6)总数 .
(7)席卷全球 .
(8)使...摆脱... .
(9)被定在...被设置为... .
(10)对...有信心 .
on such a great scale
be proven to be...
beyond one’s imagination
result in...
play a major role in...
a total of...
rage across the globe
free... from...
be set for...
have confidence in...
二，短语
(1)忠于职守，责任心 .
(2)近乎，简直是 .
(3)在某人的耳边回响 .
(4)在黎明；清晨 .
(5)穿越 .
(6)在最糟糕的时候 .
(7)惊恐地 .
(8)到达 .
(9)碰面；相遇 .
(10)宣读；向...读出 .
devotion to duty
nothing less than...
ring in one’s ears
at dawn
journey across
in the depth of...
in horror
make it to
meet up with
read out
三，词汇拓展
1. adj.纪念的，追悼的→ 　　 v.
→ n.
2. n.登陆→ v.
3. n.指挥官，长官→ v.
4. v.解放→ n.
5. n.暴力→ adj.
memorial
memorize
memory
landing
land
commander
command
liberate
liberation
violence
violent
三，词汇拓展
6. adj.致命的→ 　　 v.
→ adj.→ adj.→ n.
7. n.惊恐→ adj.
8. n.占领；职业→ v.
9. v./adj.释放/自由的→ n.
10. v.证明；证实→ n.
deadly
die
dead
horror
horrible
occupation
occupy.....
free
freedom
prove
proof
death
dying
三，词汇拓展
11. adj.历史(上)的→ 　　 n.
→ adj.有重大历史意义的→ 　　n.(人)
12. n.重要(性)→ adj.
13. n.深度；深→ adj.→ n.
14. v.移除→ n.
15. n.幸存者→ v.→ n.
historical
history
historic
significance
significant
depth
deep
remove
removal
survivor
survive
historian
survival
deepen

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