资源简介

(共31张PPT)
Let's talk teens
Grammar and usage
Contents
1.Teaching objectives, focus and difficulties
2.Exploring the rules
3.Applying the rules
4.Summary
5.Homework
Teaching objectives
Categorize the elements of a simple sentence, a compound sentence and a complex sentence
Summarize the general rules of the three kinds of sentence structures
Distinguish and choose the right sentence structures
Apply appropriate sentence structures in new situations
1.Teaching objectives, focus and difficulties
Teaching focus
Teaching difficulties
1. Learn about the characteristics of a simple sentence, a compound sentence and a complex sentence
2. Grasp the ways to ease parent-child tensions
1. How to distinguish between simple sentences and compound/complex sentences correctly
2. How to improve parent-child relationship efficiently
1.Teaching objectives, focus and difficulties
Leading in
1.What causes you to quarrel with your parents
Parents expect too much of us and put great pressure on us.
One side wants to control the other side, so we often quarrel over some trivial things.
If both sides lack the opportunities to communicate with each other, some misunderstandings will arise between us.
2.Exploring the rules
Leading in
2.How can you solve the troublesome problems with your parents
I will have a chat with my friends to get some suggestions.
Nowadays, websites are springing up, and I will turn to experts of relevant websites for help.
I will consult my teachers, because they can give us useful and practical advice.
2.Exploring the rules
简单句(simple sentence)：
句子中只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)，句子的各个成分都是由单词和短语充当。
A simple sentence is made up of one independent clause which has one subject-verb combination.
基本类型
1.主语+不及物动词 S+V
2.主语+连系动词+表语 S+V+P
3. 主语+及物动词+宾语 S+V+O
4.主语+及物动词+间宾+直宾 S+V+IO+DO
5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补 S+V+O+C
2.Exploring the rules
S+V
主语+谓语
The bus is coming.
谓语是主语所做的动作。此句型中的动词是不及物动词，后面不可以直接接宾语。
S+V+P
主语+连系动词+表语
也叫主(系)表(SP)
He is a teacher.
He looks young.
He is friendly.
表语是对主语特征的描述，表语前的动词叫系动词。
该句式侧重说明主语的特征、身份等。
2.Exploring the rules
S+V+O
主语+谓语+宾语
He often sings this song.
宾语是动作作用的对象或承受者。
S+V+IO+DO
主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
He gives me a pen.
间接宾语通常是人，直接宾语通常是物。
S+V+O+C
主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补语
He asks us to take a notebook.
该句型中谓语虽然是及物动词, 但需要宾语补足语补充说明宾语的动作或状态。
2.Exploring the rules
He put the coffee on the table.
有些及物动词作谓语时，加上宾语后句意仍然不完整，需要加上状语。
He talked too much.
很多情形中，作谓语的不及物动词后面跟上状语意思才完整。
S+V+A
主语+谓语+状语
S+V+O+A
主语+谓语+宾语+状语
由S+V和S+V+O扩展：
2.Exploring the rules
简单句可以有两个或更多的主语(并列主语)，也可以有两个或更多的谓语(并列谓语)，但是句子中的主谓结构只有一个。
Computers mean a lot to human beings and are paid more and more attention to by people.
计算机对人类意义重大，并越来越受到人们的关注。
(两个谓语，一个主语)
2.Exploring the rules
Practice
1. They work hard.
2. The flower is dead.
3. Plants need water.
主语+谓语(不及物动词)+状语
主语+连系动词+表语
主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语
2.Exploring the rules
Practice
4. He gives me some seeds.
5. We should keep the plants in the shade.
6. We found her in tears.
主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语
主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+状语
主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补语
2.Exploring the rules
并列句(compound sentence):
是由两个或两个以上的简单句通过并列连词and, but, or, so等连接起来的较长句子。当用并列句表达思想时，要注意两个并列分句之间没有从属关系，它们是同等重要的独立分句。
A compound sentence contains two or more main clauses. We use linking words such as and, or,but, so or for to link the clauses.
2.Exploring the rules
1.表转折、对比关系
常见的表示转折关系的并列连词包括but, yet, while（然而）等。其中，while连接并列句时，两分句之间是对比关系。
It often rains in the south, while it seldom rains in the north.
在南方经常下雨，然而在北方很少下雨。
2.Exploring the rules
2.表并列、递进或顺承关系
常用的表示平行或对等关系的并列连词或短语有and, both…and…, not only…but (also), neither…nor等。
Not only did he speak more correctly, but (also) he spoke more easily.
他不仅说得更正确，而且说得更轻松。
2.Exploring the rules
3.表选择关系
常用的表示选择关系的并列连词或短语有or, otherwise, or else, either...or... , not... but...等。
You must tell me the truth, or you will be punished.
你必须说实话，否则你将会受到惩罚。
4.表因果关系
so, so, therefore, for（表"由于"，一般不放在句首）
He must have been caught in the rain, for he is wet all over.
他一定淋雨了，因为他全身都湿了。
2.Exploring the rules
Practice
请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个并列句。
1. He was tired. He went to bed.
2. The child hid behind his mother's skirt. He was afraid of the dog.
3. He made a promise. He didn't keep it.
He was tired, so he went to bed.
The child hid behind his mother's skirt, for he was afraid of the dog.
He made a promise, but He didn't keep it.
2.Exploring the rules
主从复合句(complex sentence):
由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子结构叫复合句(complex sentence)，主句为主体，从句不能独立，只作句子的一个成分。
A complex sentence contains one main clause and at least one subordinate clause. A subordinate clause can be the subject, predicative, object, attributive or adverbial of the sentence.
2.Exploring the rules
Notice
1.主句是一个完整的句子，它可以独立存在。从句是一个不完整的句子，它必须和一个主句连用，不能独立存在。
2.复合句与并列句的区别在于，前者有主句和从句之分，而后者没有，分句和分句之间的关系是平等的。连接并列句的词叫并列连词，而连接复合句的词叫从属连词。
2.Exploring the rules
1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.
2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.
3. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.
4. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.
Practice
判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句：
简单句
复合句
简单句
并列句
2.Exploring the rules
Read part A on page 20 and answer the following question
How can teenagers get help from TeenHealthWeb
Possible answer
They can read certain articles about teenagers' physical and mental health to find advice on their problems.
They can visit the "teen health"forum.
They can post their problems and get advice from health experts and other forum.
2.Exploring the rules
Read part A on page 20 and answer the following question
Simple sentences
Compound sentences
Complex sentences
2.Exploring the rules
Complete the table of part A on page 20
(2) (3) (4) (6)
(5) (8) (1) (3)
(1) (7) (9) (10) (11) (12)
Working out the rules on page 20
and
but
2.Exploring the rules
Read the following sentences and summarize the features
(1) I will have a chat with my friends to get some suggestions.
(2) Nowadays, websites are springing up, and I will turn to experts from relevant websites for help.
(3) I will consult my teachers because they can give me useful and practical advice.
Sentence 1 contains a subject and a verb. It's a simple sentence.
Sentence 2 contains two main clauses. It's a compound sentence.
Sentence 3 contains one main clause and one subordinate clause. It's a complex sentence.
2.Exploring the rules
Below are some tips on how to use TeenHealthWeb. Join each pair of sentences to form a compound or complex sentence.
1. Your password should be at least eight characters long. This makes it difficult to guess.
2. Posts should not give out personal information. They should not include advertisements.
Your password should be at least eight characters long because this makes it difficult to guess.
Posts should not give out personal information and they should not include advertisements.
3.Applying the rules
Below are some tips on how to use TeenHealthWeb. Join each pair of sentences to form a compound or complex sentence.
3. Describe your problems clearly. Other people can understand them easily.
4. The experts will reply to you. They see your posts.
5. What do you think of our forum Let us know.
Describe your problems clearly so other people can understand them easily.
The experts will reply to you as soon as/when/once they see your posts.
Let us know what you think of our forum.
3.Applying the rules
Teresa is talking to her friend Jack about her plete the conversation with the correct linking words in the box below.
because
unless
why
that
but
If
how
and
3.Applying the rules
Teresa is talking to her friend Jack about her plete the conversation with the correct linking words in the box below.
1. What's Teresa's problem
Her parents are always comparing her with her friends and it makes her anxious.
2. What's Jack's advice
He suggests that Teresa should talk with her parents and let them know her feelings.
3.Applying the rules
Read the passages and pay attention to the syntactic features of simple sentences, compound sentences, and complex sentences in the context.
Use simple, compound, and complex sentences to express your own views, emotions, and attitudes on the topic of "a harmonious parent-child relationship"
4.Summary
Finish the exercise on page 64
5.Homework
Share your writing with your classmates after class

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