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上海市杨浦区2026届高三一模英语试题
考生注意：
1.考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分。
2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
I. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Dehornung Rhinos (犀牛) Helps Save Them
According to new research, cutting off rhinos' horns reduces the poaching (偷猎)of the animals by nearly 80%. Rhinos are hunted for their horns, and scientists think there are now fewer than 28,000 rhinos (1) (leave) in the world.
A team of researchers studied different rhino protection methods used in GreaterKruger National Park, South Africa, between 2017 and 2023. About 25% of Africa's rhino population lives in Greater Kruger, and the researchers wanted to find out (2) methods worked well.
The protection methods (3) studied included using detection cameras,tracking dogs, helicopters, and guards to keep an eye out for poachers. More than 700poachers were arrested, but the researchers found that (4) (arrest) the illegal hunters didn't significantly reduce the number of rhinos that were killed.
(5) (call) the method"dehornung", the researchers are now cutting off the rhinos' horns in an attempt to protect them. This doesn't hurt the animals because their horns are made of keratin, the same substance that (6) (make) up human hair and fingernails. The horns can grow back over time, so the average rhino needs to be dehorned every 18 months (7) two years. The researchers found that dehorning reduced poaching by 78%.
While dehorning rhinos can save the animals' lives, another study discovered that the method changes their behavior. It found that dehorned rhinos are (8) (likely) to get involved in social interactions with other rhinos, and the area they choose to cover as they wander is much smaller. Scientists think that (9) rhinos use their horns in battles to protect their territory, without a horn they may become more careful and avoid conflicts.
Researchers maintain that addressing the root causes of illegal hunting (10) be the top priority for a long- term solution, instead of dehorning rhinos.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A.. challenged B shapes G. raising D. projections E. separated F. core G. autonomous‘PI. building I\imperfect perceived K. clarity
Do I Need to Parent My Only Child in a Different Way
Q: I have an only child, and people often comment about them being at risk of becoming spoiled, selfish, or unable to socialize. Now I'm worrying about how I can make sure I am raising my child in the right way.
A: Firstly, I want to say I am deeply sorry that anyone would make such comments.These ideas about' who' your child may be are (11) of that person's anxieties and discomfort, and are sadly ignorant.
British concerns about only children's social development emerged in 1850,linking their (12) spoiling to insufficient peer interaction and extremely high adult contact throughout the 19th-20th centuries. Recent research has (13) these assumptions and shown there are no significant differences between children who have siblings(兄弟姐妹) and those who don't. In fact, some studies report that only children may be more confident, emotionally strong, and have a better quality of life. But these findings cannot be (14) from the context of most of this research taking place within middle-class families. What we can say with (15) is that only children are much more like other children (who have siblings)than they are different.
The truth is, it's not the number of siblings a child has that (16) them into the adult they become. Their relationship with their parents actually has the greatest influence on their development. So, if you want to raise your child well, keep focusing on the relationship you are (17) with them, and get curious about who they are and what they are trying to communicate and express. Learn to accept your mistakes as a parent and offer your child repair when you get things wrong. Parenting is messy,and (18) your child right is going to look different for everyone, but at the(19) of everything you do is love for your child. Love, however, is (20) , so let go of the pressure to get it' right' or to parent your child differently because they don't have siblings and, instead, enjoy the parenting journey with them.
II. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
The Sunk Cost Effect
In economics, the sunk cost effect is infamous. It occurs whenever we double down on (21) financial decisions based on past investments that can't be recovered.
Marketing professor Christopher Olivola points to a few ways that the sunk cost effect is tied to your wallet. You might sit through the entirety of a movie that you (22) from the beginning, for instance, if only to justify the cost of the ticket.Similarly, you might (23) hitting the gym, even after sustaining a painful injury, if your expensive membership is nonrefundable.
“But what is happening in all these situations is that you' re not really getting back that money, or whatever it is you invested,” says Olivola.“That's part of why it's not(24) .”
The sunk cost effect can play out (25) , too. Researchers have tied the same faulty reasoning to ongoing investments in fossil fuels, despite increasingly available energy (26) and alarming climate predictions.
The (27) of the sunk cost effect is a phenomenon that's been studied time and time again. But researchers still haven't quite (28) the reason humans keep falling for it. Based on his own research, Olivola tends to (29) our desire to reduce waste.“We dislike to see ourselves or others as wasteful,” he says.Another possible reason We tend to open up a mental“bank account” whenever we invest money, time, or effort into something, he says. Subsequently, the only way we can then“close” this account is by getting our (30) money's worth.
In certain circumstances, the sunk cost effect could actually help you achieve major(31) like becoming more fit or finishing a degree. But if you find yourself(32) to past decisions you can't change, the sunk cost effect is no longer beneficial. How, then, do we overcome this mindset When it comes to (33) the effort, time, or money others have invested in us, it's important to remember that our friends and family members don't actually want us to suffer at their expense.
Don't feel too bad if you still find yourself (34) . Even for Olivola, who has spent more than two decades studying these sorts of things, the sunk cost phenomenon can still be (35) .“So, you know, if you can overcome it, you' re better than me,” he adds.
21. A. poor B. emotional C. wise D. hesitant
22. A. enjoyed B. hated C. reviewed D. followed
23. A. postpone B. avoid C. continue D. imagine
24. A. natural B. primitive C. formal D. logical
25. A. on a larger scale B. from a more academic angle
C. on a more regular basis D. with greater intensity
26. A. statistics B. alternatives C. consumptions D. reserves
27. A. economics B. psychology C. physiology D. history
28. A. responded toB. put forward C. reflected on D. pinned down
29. A. control B. analyze C. exploit D. blame
30. A. private B. foreign C. symbolic D. real
31. A. discoveries B. goals C. reforms D. victories
32. A. anchored B. opposed C. directed D. applied
33. A. honoring B. defining C. ignoring D. regretting
34. A. marching B. changing C. losing D. struggling
35. A. impersonal B. inferior C. irresistible D. irreplaceable
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Kathy Xu had always wanted to see a shark in the wild. The opportunity finally came in 2011, when she went on a snorkelling trip (浮潜之旅). Not only was she not scared of the whale shark, the then 29- year- old was so inspired by its beauty and grace that tears sprang to her eyes inside her snorkel mask.
After returning home to Singapore, Xu learned about the shark trade taking place at one of Indonesia's largest fish markets, where shark parts including meat and teeth are cut up for export, with the fins being the most prized. Curious, Xu packed her bags and headed to Tanjung Luar, on the island of Lombok. There, she spoke with several fishermen. Shark fishing is risky and involves hard physical work, but it is one of the few ways for them to provide for their families.
The fishermen were knowledgeable and felt a great sense of pride for the local sea life. Once they heard that Xu liked to snorkel, they urged her to visit the coral reefs(珊瑚礁) near the fish market. The reefs were breathtaking, overflowing with life and colour.Xu was confident that ecotourism was the solution.“I told them I'd pay them to take tourists out to see these snorkelling hotspots,” she says.
In late 2012, Xu quit her full- time teaching job to focus on building The DorsalEffect. In late 2013, The Dorsal Effect launched its first boat trip. Snorkellers paidUS$120 for a one- day excursion to explore places that the local fishermen know about but could not be found on a Google search. It provides a much more reliable income for the fishermen than the unstable and often dangerous job of shark fishing.
For now, Xu, 41, is proud of the small changes she sees happening on Lombok,from the fishermen who now have a new way to earn an income to the school children who learn about sharks on tours with The Dorsal Effect. In the past decade, global demand for shark fins has declined——a promising result of conservation campaigns——but stricter government regulation is needed.
36. How did Kathy Xu feel the first time she saw a shark in the wild
A. Scared. B. Curious. C. Sad. D. Moved.
37. What was special about the snorkeling sites offered by Xu's team
A. They were only accessible to experienced divers.
B. They were popular destinations listed on travel websites.
C. They were exclusive locations known only to local fishermen.
D. They were protected areas with restricted access.
38. What can be learned about The Dorsal Effect
A. It is primarily focused on providing entertainment for tourists.
B. It provides a more reliable income for local fishermen.
C. It has successfully eliminated the demand for shark fins.
D. It was funded by a former school teacher to focus on conservation.
39. The main idea of the passage can be concluded as .
A. an eco- friendly way of living for fishermen worldwide
B. an innovative ecotourism venture to help tackle shark fishing
C. a personal journey from a water sport enthusiast to a marine researcher
D. a successful business model to combine conservation with education
(B)
ASK US ANYTHING
How do you grow plants in the dark Plants are crucial to human survival, even when thero's no sunlight. But dealing with darkness is second na turo for someon o like Howard Lovino, chiof sciontist forNASA's ISS Rescarch Office. Space might be an extreme example, but enclosed, dark habitats exist on the ground too. Keeping your houseplants al ive in windowless rooms or during short winter days can be a challonge. Luckily, there are strategies to help,even when their sunny source of energy is limited.
Mini indoor greenhouses Darkness usually means a decline in natural heat. In Iccland, horticulturist James McDanicl uses geothermal (地热的) hent in his greenhouses to prote ct his plants. Each of the structures has holes beneath that stretch deep to a pocket ofsteaming—— hot water, ho explains. “You can channel that steam into the pipes through the greenhouse and use natural airflow to keep the tomperature a so t range.” But you don't need volcanic energy to run a mini indoor greenhouse, which can be as simple as putting a cabinet or shelf together. A heator can add warmth, although you might want to pair it with a dampness regulator to keep from drying your houseplants out.For individual plants, glass covers can trap heat from limited sunlight and also enclos c water vapors, which protect plants from the air conditionor in the summer and the heator in the winter.
Grow lights Plant grow lights provide an easy and accessible energy boost in dark spaces. These specialized light rays have different features, colors, and prices. LEDs, for instance, are the cheapest and most energy-officient option,using about a third of the electricity of old lightbulbs. While most devices stick to a warm white band, plants respond differently to various color wavelongths. In Levine's experiments on Earth, red light worked well for the thin flowering plants Arabidopsis. But in the ISS's weightless environment, they stretched into funny shapes until he startcd adding blue lights.
Bright surfaces If electricity is a limiting factor, you can try to reflect light with mirrors. Even brightening up your space with white decor, like a light-colored tablecloth, will cast a little glow onto your plants. The makeup of your indoor garden will dictate how much brightness you need to add, Lovino oxplains. Some plants including lettuce and tomatoes need more light than those like Arabidopsis. Theroforc, research the plants' native ranges to learn how much sunshine they'd naturally get.
40. If a gardener is planning to set up a mini indoor greenhouse in a room with limited sunlight, which of the following setups would be most effective for maintaining a suitable environment for plant growth
A. A cabinet with a heater and a dampness regulator.
B. A shelf with glass covers for natural airflow.
C. A greenhouse with holes connected to a geothermal heat source.
D. A greenhouse with steam pipes for controlling volcanic energy.
41. The primary purpose of using grow lights for plants in dark environments is
A. to provide additional heat
B. to create a decorative effect
C. to supply energy through light
D. to absorb light using special devices
42. According to the article, which method may work well for reflecting light to help plants grow
A. Using dark- colored tablecloths.
B. Painting walls white.
C. Replacing lightbulbs with LED lamps.
D. Removing mirrors from the garden.
(C)
When a fire at a supplier's factory forced a temporary shutdown at the plant of a large European manufacturer of consumer goods, Tim Schweisfurth and his colleagues at the Technical University of Munich found a surprising upside: The idleness (闲散)led to an outpouring of ideas for improvements. The conclusion: UnexpectedInterruptions Can Boost Creativity.
We discovered this when we looked at the online system the company used to collect plant workers' ideas and suggestions. People could enter submissions whenever they were on- site. Some proposed small changes, like replacing worn tools; others,major ones, such as a new paint- ordering system that saved the firm ?280,000 a year.The 8,500 employees in the part of the plant that shut down were sent home for four days. In the three weeks after they returned to work, they produced 58% more ideas than uninterrupted employees did. In addition, their ideas were higher quality:Managers rated the accepted submissions and determined that those from侧lined employees were roughly three percentage points better than those from other workers.
We also studied an unexpected interruption at the plant that didn't lead to idle time:a flood that required employees to clean up the damage. That incident lowered creative performance because workers had to switch their attention to the new task. A similar thing happens when your focus immediately shifts after a social media app beeps to signal a new post.
There are many good reasons to take a vacation, but our research doesn't suggest it will improve your creativity at work, because it wouldn't be an unexpected interruption. When we looked at a third kind of interruption at the plant—— extended weekends—— we found no increase in employee suggestions after people returned to work. We think the reason has to do with so- called attention residue—— the sweet spot for creativity. It's when our minds continue to think over something that's important to us even after we' ve moved on to another activity. Think of all the times you' ve had a breakthrough moment in the shower or while pushing a cart around the grocery store.Those insights all resulted from your brain's behind- the- scenes perseverance. When we do something that allows us to totally disengage, such as taking a long weekend or a vacation, we don't experience the same attention residue, so we don't have the same kinds of breakthroughs.
43. What did the study find about employees who experienced a 4- day shutdown
A. Their creativity decreased significantly.
B. They submitted mostly minor tool suggestions.
C. Most of their ideas were approved by managers.
D. They produced more and better ideas after returning.
44. What conclusion can be drawn concerning unexpected interruptions based on the
flood incident
A.Idle time has a negative impact on the generation of creative ideas.
B.Creativity depends upon how much attention remains on the original task.
C.Creativity is determined by how focused an individual person is.
D.Employees are motivated to be more creative in the face of a challenge.
45. The underlined words"attention residue"in the last paragraph means .
A. persistent mental engagement
B. fundamental spiritual basis
C. temporary psychological refreshment
D. habitual task- switching routine
46. Which of the following situations is most likely to boost creativity
A. An extended weekend at home.
B. A five- day planned trip to a scenic spot.
C. A short, unexpected break from work.
D. An unexpected work- related assignment.
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. So if you place a tracker in your own bag, for example, it will not activate the app. B. Bluetooth trackers are small, so victims of tracking seldom find them if they do not know to search for them. C. That way, if they misplace the object the tracker is attached to, they can look up the information to find it again. D. Smartphones can search for trackers, and some now have built-in settings that will send you a notification if you are being tracked. E. This is the case with tracking technology, which has undergone many improvements in recent years. F This is meant to avoid false alarms in case the tracker belongs to someone else who just happens to be nearby.
Am I Being Tracked
Technology enables people to do many extraordinary things, but it can also be misused and cause harm. Fortunately, additional developments can counter some of these negative uses of technology.(47)
Bluetooth location trackers were designed to help people recover lost items, such as suitcases or wallets. They can also be placed in cars to help a person find their car if it gets stolen. But they can also be planted in someone else's bag or car without that person's permission to track them without their knowledge.(48) Unfortunately, people who choose to track others often have bad motives that place the people they track in great danger.
(49) But if yours doesn't or if you want to be able to detect more brands of trackers, you can download apps that will do a more thorough job.
Tracker detection apps notify the phone's owner if the phone detects a tracker thac has been near it for an extended time. There is often a delay between whem the trackan is detected and when the notification is sent.(50) For example, if someone has a tracker on their key and walks past you in a public place, that will not trigger a notification. But if the tracker remains near you for a whole day, especially if you are moving, it is probably on something you own, and the app will notify you.
If you suspect that someone is tracking you, take action now to avoid a potentially dangerous situation.
III. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
The Happiness Project
What would your answer be if I were to ask you what you wanted from life AuthorGretchen Rubin asked herself that question one day while sitting in traffic on a bus.After giving it some thought, she realized that, overall, she wanted to be happy. If happiness was to be her goal, Rubin realized,“Time is passing, and I'm not focusing enough on the things that really matter.”
This conclusion began a 12- month commitment to discover what would add more happiness to her life. The journey resulted in Rubin's New York Times best- selling bookThe Happiness Project. In an effort to reach her goal, she tested numerous theories on happiness. Reading through philosophy, science, popular culture and more, the writer chose specific habits to examine and try to integrate into her lifestyle.
Rubin's book is divided into 12 chapters, each highlighting a different month and specific area of focus. In chapters one through 11, each new focus or category includes three or four things to work on. For instance, the first chapter begins with January and the importance of getting more physical and mental energy. The corresponding goals consist of getting better sleep and exercising more. Chapter 12 concentrates on pulling everything together and implementing all the new habits. At the end of her 12- month journey, Rubin concluded that small, daily changes had, in fact, resulted in a deeper sense of happiness.
According to some of the reviews, this is more than a typical self- help book. It's full of humor, insight and actual examples from Rubin's year- long experiment. In this new year, instead of making new resolutions that you' ll probably abandon by February,why not give Rubin's Happiness Project a try It is likely that you will then see an increase in your own happiness and the happiness you bring to others around you.
IV. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
52.该校的作业政策是在与全体教师商议后修订的。(consultation)
53.若漠视生活中的小确幸，你的世界将会黯然失色，枯燥乏味。(or)
54.作家饱受战争摧残的童年充斥着不安，给他的作品投下阴影，孕育出黑暗的主题。(give rise)
55.睡姿关乎心脑健康，因此选择一个你感觉最舒适、夜间醒来频率最低的睡姿是明智之举。(where)
V. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
请根据所给图片，完成一篇结构完整的英语短文。内容需包括：
1.描述图片中的主要内容；
2.阐释它给你带来的启示与思考。
哎 ，我失败了！怎么还差那么多 哇！ 我已经完成这么多啦
参考答案
I. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
1. Left 2. which 3. being 4. arresting 5. Calling
6. Makes 7. or 8. less likely 9. since / because 10. should / must
Section B
11. D 12. J 13. A 14. E 15. K
16. B 17. H 18. G 19. F 20.1
II. Reading Comprehension
Section A
21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. B 28. D
29. D 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. C
Section B
36. D 37. C 38. B 39. B 40. A 41. C 42. B 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. CSection C
47. E 48. B 49. D 50. F
III. Summary Writing(参考范文)
51. Gretchen Rubin, inspired by a desire for happiness, launched a year-long project to explore ways to enhance her well-being. She tested various habits and theories, documenting them in her bookThe Happiness Project. Rubin concluded that small daily changes can lead to lasting happiness. The book blends humor, insight, and practical advice, encouraging readers to focus on meaningful improvements rather than short-lived resolutions.
IV. Translation
52. The school's homework policy was revised after consultation with all teachers
53. If you ignore the small pleasures in life, your world will become dull and colorless.
54. The writer's war-torn childhood, filled with insecurity, cast a shadow over his works and gave rise to dark themes
55. Sleeping posture matters to heart and brain health, so it is wise to choose a position where you feel most comfortable and wake up the least at night.

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