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中考英语专题复习讲义——动词时态（一）
考点1：一般现在时
●用法精讲： 表示习惯性动作、客观真理、科学事实 第三人称单数需加-s/-es
●速记口诀： 经常习惯真理，一般现在牢记
●典型例题：
She ____ to school every day. (walks)
The sun ____ in the east. (rises)
●举一反三：
He ____ basketball on weekends. (plays)
Water ____ at 100°C. (boils)
They ____ English classes daily. (attend)
考点2：现在进行时
●用法精讲： 表示正在进行的动作（am/is/are + doing） 常与now, look, listen等词连用
●速记口诀： 动作正进行，be加doing形
●典型例题：
Look! They ____ football. (are playing)
I ____ dinner now. (am cooking)
●举一反三：
She ____ a letter. (is writing)
The birds ____. (are singing)
We ____ for the bus. (are waiting)
考点3：一般过去时
●用法精讲： 表示过去发生的动作（动词过去式） 常与yesterday, last week等连用
●速记口诀： 过去动作已完成，动词变形要记清
●典型例题：
He ____ TV last night. (watched)
They ____ to Beijing in 2020. (went)
●举一反三：
I ____ my homework yesterday. (finished)
She ____ late this morning. (arrived)
We ____ the museum last Sunday. (visited)
考点4：过去进行时
●用法精讲： 表示过去某时刻正在进行的动作（was/were + doing） 常与at that time, when从句连用
●速记口诀： 过去正进行，was/were加doing
●典型例题：
I ____ when he called. (was sleeping)
They ____ at 8 pm yesterday. (were studying)
●举一反三：
She ____ dinner when I arrived. (was cooking)
The phone rang while we ____. (were talking)
He ____ a book at that time. (was reading)
考点5：现在完成时
●用法精讲： 表示已完成但对现在有影响的动作（have/has + done） 常与just, already, never, ever连用
●速记口诀： 过去动作影响今，have/has加过去分
●典型例题：
She ____ her homework. (has finished)
I ____ never ____ sushi. (have; tried)
●举一反三：
He ____ just ____ the report. (has; completed)
They ____ already ____ lunch. (have; had)
____ you ever ____ to London (Have; been)
考点6：过去完成时
●用法精讲： 表示"过去的过去"（had + done） 常与by the time, before从句连用 ●速记口诀： 过去的过去动作，had加过去分词
●典型例题：
By 2020, he ____ in Beijing for 5 years. (had lived)
She left after she ____ the letter. (had written)
●举一反三：
When I arrived, they ____ already ____. (had; left)
He realized he ____ his keys. (had lost)
By then, we ____ the project. (had finished)
考点7：一般将来时
●用法精讲： 表示将来动作（will/shall + do 或 be going to） will表临时决定，be going to表计划
●速记口诀： 将来动作将发生，will或be going to
●典型例题：
I ____ you tomorrow. (will call)
They ____ to Paris next month. (are going to travel)
●举一反三：
She ____ a doctor when she grows up. (will be)
Look at the clouds! It ____. (is going to rain)
We ____ the meeting at 3 pm. (will start)
考点8：过去将来时
●用法精讲： 表示从过去看将来（would + do 或 was/were going to） 常用于宾语从句中
●速记口诀： 过去视角看将来，would加动词原形
●典型例题：
He said he ____ the next day. (would come)
They knew it ____ soon. (was going to rain)
●举一反三：
She promised she ____ me. (would help)
I thought I ____ late. (would be)
We planned we ____ by train. (would go)
考点9：现在完成进行时
●用法精讲： 表示持续到现在的动作（have/has been doing） 强调动作的持续性 ●速记口诀： 动作持续到现在，have/has been加doing
●典型例题：
She ____ for 2 hours. (has been reading)
How long ____ you ____ English (have; been studying)
●举一反三：
It ____ since morning. (has been raining)
They ____ all day. (have been working)
I ____ this project for weeks. (have been doing)
考点10：瞬间动词限制
●用法精讲： begin/end/die等瞬间动词不用于进行时 完成时中不与for+时间段连用
●速记口诀： 瞬间动词有特性，进行完成要慎用
●典型例题：
The meeting has begun. (√)
The meeting has begun for 10 minutes. (×)
●举一反三： He has died. (√) He has died for 3 years. (×) The train has arrived. (√)
考点11：时态呼应
●用法精讲： 主句过去时，从句需用相应过去时态
●速记口诀： 主句若过去，从句跟过去
●典型例题：
He said he ____ busy. (was)
I thought you ____ there. (had been)
●举一反三：
She knew we ____ early. (would come)
They believed it ____ true. (was)
We heard she ____ ill. (was)
考点12：时间状语匹配
●用法精讲： every day→一般现在时 yesterday→一般过去时 now→现在进行时 ●速记口诀： 时间状语是关键，时态搭配要准确
●典型例题：
____ you often ____ to music (Do; listen)
They ____ football now. (are playing)
●举一反三：
She ____ late yesterday. (arrived)
We ____ every morning. (run)
He ____ TV at the moment. (is watching)
考点13：被动语态时态
●用法精讲： 被动语态结构：be + done（be随主句时态变化）
●速记口诀： 被动语态看时态，be加过去分词
●典型例题：
The letter ____ yesterday. (was written)
The project ____ next month. (will be completed)
●举一反三：
English ____ worldwide. (is spoken)
The cake ____ already. (has been eaten)
The room ____ when I arrived. (was being cleaned)
考点14：时态对比辨析
●用法精讲： 一般过去时 vs 现在完成时： 过去时强调动作时间，完成时强调影响
●速记口诀： 过去时重时间点，完成时重影响现
●典型例题：
He ____ Beijing last year. (visited)
He ____ Beijing twice. (has visited)
●举一反三：
I ____ the book yesterday. (read)
I ____ the book already. (have read)
They ____ the movie last night. (saw)
考点15：语境时态判断
●用法精讲： 根据上下文逻辑判断时态 时间状语缺失时需分析动作关系
●速记口诀： 语境逻辑定时态，动作关系细分析
●典型例题：
When I got home, Mom ____ dinner. (was cooking)
By the time he arrived, we ____ the work. (had finished)
●举一反三：
She ____ when the phone rang. (was studying)
They ____ before we came. (had left)
If it rains, we ____ inside. (will stay)
动词时态闯关训练
1.She usually ____ at 6 am. A. wake up B. wakes up C. woke up D. waking up
2.Listen! Someone ____ at the door. A. knocks B. knocked C. is knocking D. was knocking
3.We ____ a picnic last Sunday. A. have B. had C. are having D. will have
4.When I called, he ____ a shower. A. takes B. took C. is taking D. was taking
5.I ____ my keys. Can you help me find them A. lose B. lost C. have lost D. am losing
6.By 2020, she ____ in Shanghai for a decade. A. lives B. lived C. has lived D. had lived
7.They ____ to Japan next week. A. travel B. traveled C. will travel D. are traveling
8.He promised he ____ me. A. helps B. helped C. will help D. would help
9.It ____ since last night. A. rains B. rained C. is raining D. has been raining
10.The concert has ____. A. begin B. began C. begun D. begins
11.She said she ____ tired. A. is B. was C. has been D. will be
12.I ____ tennis every weekend. A. play B. played C. am playing D. have played
13.The bridge ____ next year. A. builds B. built C. is built D. will be built
14.He ____ the letter before she called. A. writes B. wrote C. has written D. had written
15.If you study hard, you ____ the exam. A. pass B. passed C. will pass D. would pass
【答案】
1.B（考点1→一般现在时第三人称单数）
2.C（考点2→现在进行时表正发生）
3.B（考点3→last Sunday用一般过去时）
4.D（考点4→过去进行时表当时正进行）
5.C（考点5→现在完成时表影响现在）
6.D（考点6→过去完成时表"过去的过去"）
7.C（考点7→一般将来时表计划）
8.D（考点8→过去将来时用于宾语从句）
9.D（考点9→现在完成进行时表持续）
10.C（考点10→瞬间动词用完成时）
11.B（考点11→主句过去时，从句需过去时）
12.A（考点12→every weekend用一般现在时）
13.D（考点13→将来时被动语态）
14.D（考点14→过去完成时表"过去的过去"）
15.C（考点15→条件句主句用将来时）

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