2026年中考英语专题复习讲义(通用版)——动词时态(二)(含答案)

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2026年中考英语专题复习讲义(通用版)——动词时态(二)(含答案)

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2026年中考英语专题复习讲义(通用版)——动词时态(二)
考点1:完成进行时 vs 完成时
●用法精讲:
现在完成进行时(have been doing)强调动作持续进行至当下;
现在完成时(have done)强调动作已完成的结果或影响。
●速记口诀:
持续进行用进行,完成结果用完成
●典型例题:
She ______ novels for hours.(has been reading → 强调持续阅读中)
She ______ 3 novels this week.(has read → 强调完成结果)
●举一反三:
They ______ the project.(have finished)
They ______ since morning.(have been working)
考点2:时间状语从句时态
●用法精讲:
when/while引导的时间状语从句中,若主句为将来时,从句需用一般现在时表将来。
●速记口诀:
主句将来从句现,时态呼应记心间
●典型例题:
I will call you when I ______ home.(arrive)
●举一反三:
She’ll cook while we ______.(study)
He won’t leave until you ______.(come)
考点3:虚拟语气时态
●用法精讲:
虚拟条件句中,表与现在事实相反时,从句用过去时(be动词用were),主句用would/could do。
●速记口诀:
现在虚拟用过去,would/could表假想
●典型例题:
If I ______ you, I would apologize.(were)
●举一反三:
If he ______ time, he would help.(had)
She could travel if she ______ money.(saved)
考点4:进行时表情绪色彩
●用法精讲:
现在进行时与always/constantly连用,可表达不满或惊讶的情绪。
●速记口诀:
进行时加always,情绪色彩更强烈
●典型例题:
He ______ interrupting me!(is always)
●举一反三:
She ______ late.(is constantly arriving)
They ______ rules.(are forever breaking)
考点5:主句现在时从句时态
●用法精讲:
主句为现在时(如一般现在/现在完成),宾语从句可根据实际时间选择时态。
●速记口诀:
主句现在从句活,时间真实定态时
●典型例题:
She says she ______ the task yesterday.(finished)
●举一反三:
He knows we ______ here before.(have been)
I believe they ______ tomorrow.(will come)
考点6:since时间点搭配
●用法精讲:
since+过去时间点,主句需用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
●速记口诀:
since加过去点,完成时态紧相连
●典型例题:
They ______ friends since 2020.(have been)
●举一反三:
She ______ since dawn.(has been painting)
We ______ here since last year.(have lived)
考点7:时间介词影响
●用法精讲:
"for+时间段"常与完成时连用;"in the past/last+时间"需用过去时。
●速记口诀:
for连完成时,past配过去时
●典型例题:
He ______ here for 5 years.(has worked)
I ______ a book last month.(read)
●举一反三:
They ______ exams in the past week.(took)
She ______ English for 2 hours.(has studied)
考点8:延续性动词用法
●用法精讲:
live/work等延续性动词可用于完成时+for/since,而buy/begin等非延续性动词需转换表达。
●速记口诀:
延续动词可久伴,非延转换句式解
●典型例题:
The meeting has begun.(√)
The meeting has ______ for 10 minutes.(been on)
●举一反三:
He ______ a car since 2021.(has had)
She ______ married for 3 years.(has been)
考点9:进行时表未来安排
●用法精讲:
现在进行时可表示已确定的未来计划,常搭配未来时间状语。
●速记口诀:
进行时表未来事,计划确定需牢记
●典型例题:
We ______ to Paris next Friday.(are flying)
●举一反三:
He ______ a speech tonight.(is giving)
They ______ at 9 am tomorrow.(are meeting)
考点10:过去完成时时间标志
●用法精讲:
by/before+过去时间点,或when/after引导的过去动作,常用过去完成时。
●速记口诀:
by/before过去点,过去完成须上前
●典型例题:
By 2010, she ______ 3 companies.(had started)
●举一反三:
When I arrived, he ______ already.(had left)
After they ______ dinner, they left.(had eaten)
考点11:现在完成时时间标志
●用法精讲:
just/recently/so far/in the last year 等状语需搭配现在完成时。
●速记口诀:
just/recently现完伴,so far/last year紧相连
●典型例题:
She ______ just ______ the report.(has; finished)
●举一反三:
I ______ recently ______ my job.(have; changed)
They ______ 5 projects so far.(have completed)
考点12:将来进行时用法
●用法精讲:
will be doing 表将来某时刻将持续进行的动作。
●速记口诀:
将来持续动,will be doing
●典型例题:
This time tomorrow, I ______ on the beach.(will be lying)
●举一反三:
At 8 pm, he ______ dinner.(will be eating)
They ______ all day tomorrow.(will be studying)
考点13:时态简化原则
●用法精讲:
在时间/条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时代替将来时,一般过去时代替过去将来时。
●速记口诀:
时间条件句,将来简化现
●典型例题:
If it ______, we’ll cancel the picnic.(rains)
●举一反三:
She promised she would call when she ______ time.(had)
We’ll start after you ______ ready.(are)
考点14:时态与情态动词结合
●用法精讲:
情态动词(can/must等)+完成时(have done)表对过去动作的推测或判断。
●速记口诀:
情态加完成,过去推测生
●典型例题:
The lights are off. He ______ out.(must have gone)
●举一反三:
She ______ the message.(can’t have seen)
They ______ lost.(might have gotten)
考点15:时态一致性例外
●用法精讲:
宾语从句表述客观真理时,即使主句为过去时,从句仍用一般现在时。
●速记口诀:
真理客观不改变,从句时态用现在
●典型例题:
He said the earth ______ around the sun.(revolves)
●举一反三:
She knew water ______ at 100°C.(boils)
They believed light ______ faster than sound.(travels)
闯关训练:
1:Look! The ground is wet. It ______ all morning.
A. rained B. has rained C. has been raining D. is raining
2. We will have dinner after the guests ______.
A. will arrive B. arrive C. arrived D. are arriving
3. If I ______ a bird, I would fly high in the sky.
A. am B. was C. were D. will be
4. That student ______ asking silly questions in class! It's annoying.
A. always B. is always C. always is D. has always
5. My father tells me that he ______ a new job last month.
A. finds B. found C. has found D. will find
6. My grandparents ______ in this small town since they got married.
A. live B. lived C. have lived D. will live
7. I ______ three interesting novels in the past two weeks.
A. read B. have read C. am reading D. will read
8. The famous writer ______ his new book for almost a year.
A. has written B. wrote C. has been writing D. writes
9. Sorry, I can't join the party tomorrow. I ______ my cousin at the airport.
A. meet B. met C. will meet D. am meeting
10. When we got to the cinema, the movie ______ already.
A. started B. has started C. had started D. starts
11. ______ you ______ the news about the earthquake in that region
A. Did ... hear B. Have ... heard C. Are ... hearing D. Will ... hear
12. At 10 o'clock tomorrow morning, we ______ the important meeting.
A. attend B. will attend C. are attending D. will be attending
13. She promised she would visit us as soon as she ______ time.
A. has B. had C. will have D. is having
14. The window is broken. Someone ______ it with a ball.
A. breaks B. broke C. must break D. must have broken
15. Long ago, people learned that the earth ______ round.
A. is B. was C. has been D. will be
【答案】
1.C (考点1: 现在完成进行时,强调持续至当下)
2.B (考点2: 主句将来时,从句用一般现在时)
3.C (考点3: 现在虚拟,be动词用were)
4.B (考点4: 进行时+always表不满)
5.B (考点5: 主句现在时,从句动作发生在过去,用过去时)
6.C (考点6: since + 过去时间点,主句用现在完成时)
7.B (考点7: in the past + 时间,用现在完成时)
8.C (考点8: 延续性动词write可用于完成进行时+for)
9.D (考点9: 进行时表已确定的未来计划)
10.C (考点10: when引导的过去动作,先发生的动作用过去完成时)
11.B (考点11: 现在完成时搭配无明确时间状语询问近期事件)
12.D (考点12: 将来进行时表将来某时点正进行的动作)
13.B (考点13: 时间状语从句中,用一般过去时代替过去将来时)
14.D (考点14: 情态动词must + 完成时表对过去的肯定推测)
15.A (考点15: 宾语从句描述客观真理,即使主句过去时,从句用一般现在时)

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