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(共82张PPT)
动词的时态
动词的时态
中考语法突破之
lead in
How many tenses can you see in this video？
How many tenses can you see in this video？
- He wants no part of your music, my age.
- You keep away from him.
- I probably see it.
- Oh, it does beyond me.
- You know better than to be here in this place.
- You will come home now.
- How many times have we told you that plaza is crawling with mayachis
- Abulita, what are you doing here
- Don't you please, I was just getting a shine.
- I know your tricks, Mariachi.
- What did he say to you
- He was just showing me his guitar.
- Shame on you.
- Shame on you.
- My grandson is a sweet little, and he did to get it to see a little.
现在进行时
过去进行时
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
现在完成时时
时态
=
动作/状态
+
时间
黄金原则
：
动作表达形式
+
时间状语
future
present
past
Contents
Contents
一般现在时
现在进行时
一般过去时
一般将来时
过去进行时
现在完成时
初
中
必
考
六
大
时
态
时态
一将
一过
一现
现进
过进
现完
初
中
必
考
六
大
时
态
一现
一过
一将
现进
过进
1
完成
现完
3
一般
2
进行
01
一般现在时
一般现在时
1
They are always happy.
He often plays happily.
主语+动词原型/第三人称单数+其它
一般现在时
1
句子种类
含be动词
含实义动词
肯定句
否定句
一般疑问句
特殊疑问句
主+am/ is/ are+其它
主+am/ is/ are+not +其它
Am/ Is/ Are+主语+其它？
疑问词+am/ is/ are+主语+
其它？
主+do/does+其它
Do/Does+主语+动原+其它？
主+do/does+not+动原+其它
疑问词+do/does+主语+动原+其它？
Start
×
？
√
×
？
【√ 】: 主+be...
【× 】: 主+be not...
【 】: Be+主...
Start
×
？
√
×
？
【√ 】: 主+do/does...
【× 】: 主+do/does+not+动原...
【 】: Do/Does+主语+动原...
一般现在时
1
1
I go to school at seven every day.
口诀：非常6+2
【6】always（100%）> usually（80%）> often（60%）> sometimes（40%）>seldom（20%）>never（10%）
【2】every+时间 on+星期
2
The earth moves around the sun.
客观真理、事实；此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时态，从句中谓语动词也要用一般现在时。
一般现在时
1
3
I’ll go shopping if I am free tomorrow.
在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时，即“主将从现”
4
Please let me know if Jim comes here.
Don’t eat before the guests come over.
如果条件状语从句的主语是以don't，let，never等开头的祈使句，从句一般用一般现在时，即“主祈从现”
一般现在时
1
动词单三变化规则
四(s)线(x) 城(ch)市(sh)哦0)
+es
一般情况直接加-s
辅音+y结尾，变y为i加es
make-makes
work-works
fix-fixes
do-does
cry-cries
hurry-hurries
一般现在时
1
watch
cross
read
have
go
take
finish
Let’s practice
1
1. （2025·甘肃白银）Look! There ________ a notebook and three keys on the desk.
A．is B．was
C．are D．were
Let’s practice
1
2. （2025·江苏扬州）During Guyu, the temperature usually ________ a lot and rain increases.
A．rises B．rose
C．is rising D．has risen
Let’s practice
1
3. （2024·内蒙古呼和浩特）—Mom, when can I have an ice cream
—When you ________ your meal. But don’t rush it.
A. finish B. will finish
C. finishes D. finished
Let’s practice
1
4. （2024·绥化）He ____ much healthier if he ____ enough exercise in his free time.
A. is; take
B. will be; takes
C. will be; take
Let’s practice
1
5. （2024·绥化）He ____ much healthier if he ____ enough exercise in his free time.
A. is; take
B. will be; takes
C. will be; take
02
一般过去时
一般过去时
2
They were happy at that time.
It rained heavily last night.
主语+动词过去式+其它
一般过去时
2
句子种类
含be动词
含实义动词
肯定句
否定句
一般疑问句
主+was/were+其它
主+was/were+not +其它
Was/ Were+主语+其它？
主+动词过去式+其它
Did+主语+动原+其它？
主+did+not+动原+其它
一般过去时
2
Last year, I went to Paris.
(2) 表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。
We often went to work by bus last year.
(1) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
一般过去时
2
I was in the park yesterday.
You were at home yesterday evening.
一般过去时
标志词
1. yesterday(昨天)系列
2. 一段时间+ago (...之前)
3. last (上一个...) 系列
last week/ Monday/year...
yesterday morning/ afternoon/
evening
She was a nurse ten years ago.
It was sunny two days ago.
We were students two years ago.
He was short last year.
They were sad last week.
two days ago (两天前)
一般过去时
2
play-played
直接+ed
want
-wanted
dance-danced
不发音e结尾, 去e+ed
like
-liked
hop-hopped
重读“辅元辅”结尾,
双写+ed
stop
-stopped
cry-cried
辅＋y结尾,
改y为i+ed
carry
直
双
改
动词过去式规则变化
去
一般过去时
2
动词过去式不规则变化
中间有双e，去e尾加t，如是t，d来结尾
keep-kept
feel-felt
meet-met
feed-fed
结尾的，变成t
build-built
lend-lent
send-sent
spend-spent
遇见i，a来替
sit-sat
sing-sang
ring-rang
drink-drank
-ought
think-thought
buy-bought
bring-brought
fight-fought
一般过去时
2
动词过去式不规则变化
读，切，放，让，都一样
read-read
cut-cut
put-put
let-let
ow, aw改ew
draw-drew
know-knew
grow-grew
throw-threw
教书，抓到，改aught
teach-taught
catch-caught
Let’s practice
2
1. （2025·山东济南）—Did you see Mr. Li yesterday
—Yes. He ______ in the library when I passed by.
A. reads B. read
C. was reading D. is reading
Let’s practice
2
2. （2024·浙江杭州）The storybook was so interesting that I ______ it twice last month.
A. read B. reads
C. am reading D. will read
Let’s practice
2
3. （中考经典真题）He ____________ (not go) to school yesterday because he was ill.
didn’t go
03
一般将来时
一般将来时
3
He will go home tomorrow.
She is going to read books tonight.
主语+will/ shall+动原+其它
Tips：shall只用于第一人称，表示请求或建议
主语+be going to+动原+其它
一般将来时
3
结构1:主语+will/ shall+动原+其它
肯定句
He will go home tomorrow.
否定句
He won’t go home tomorrow.
一般疑问句
Will he go home tomorrow？
肯否回答
Yes, he will./ No, he won’t.
一般将来时
3
结构2:主语+be going to+动原+其它
肯定句
She is going to read books tonight.
否定句
一般疑问句
肯否回答
Yes, she is./ No, she isn't.
She isn't going to read books tonight.
Is she going to read books tonight？
一般将来时
3
It will be Sunday tomorrow.
1. 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，
常与 soon, next time,tomorrow, from now on,
tonight,in a few days等表示将来的时间状语连用。
We will be back in three days.
一般将来时
3
I’m going to visit my grandpa tomorrow.
2. 表示计划、打算、预测将要做的事。
They are going to have a picnic this Sunday.
一般将来时
3
The bus is coming.
I’m leaving.
3.表示位置移动的动词可用"be+动词-ing形式"表示将来，如 leave,start,begin,stay,come, go等，表示即将发生或安排好要做的事。
一般将来时
3
(1) am/is/are going to do常用于表示计划，打算或有迹象表明要发生的事情。
(2)shall表示将来的动作时仅用于l/we.
一般将来时
3
(3) there be的一般将来时是there is/are going to be或there will be，没有there is/are going to have或there will have.
(4)一般现在时和现在进行时也可以表示 + 将来的动作，详见一般现在时和现在进行时。
一般将来时
3
soon
tomorrow
系列
this morning
next系列
in the future
in+一段时间
Let’s practice
3
1. （2025·陕西西安）—What are you going to do this weekend
—I ______ a picnic with my classmates in the park.
A. have B. had
C. will have D. am having
Let’s practice
3
2. （2024·辽宁沈阳）If we plant more trees, our city ______ more beautiful in the future.
A. becomes B. became
C. will become D. is becoming
Let’s practice
3
3. （中考经典真题）The meeting ____________ (start) at 9 o’clock tomorrow. Please be on time.
will start
04
现在进行时
现在进行时
4
She is sleeping now.
Look, they are swimming.
主语+am/is/are+V-ing+其它
左手be，右手ing
现在进行时
4
结构1:主语+am/is/are+V-ing+其它
肯定句
She is sleeping now.
否定句
She isn’t sleeping now.
一般疑问句
Is she sleeping now？
肯否回答
Yes, she is./ No, she isn’t.
现在进行时
4
I am singing.
He is learning to play the guitar these days.
1.表现在正在进行的动作。
2.表当前持续的动作（不强调此刻）。
现在进行时
4
I am coming.
She is living in Beijing for a month.（暂时居住，区别于平时居住地）
3.表计划中的将来（位移/动作类动词
4.表暂时的动作（与一般现在时对比）。
现在进行时
4
规则
例词
一般情况直接加
以不发音e结尾，去e加-ing
重读闭音节（辅+元+辅），双写尾字母加-ing
以ie结尾，变ie为y加-ing
work → working
write → writing
stop → stopping
lie → lying
die → dying
现在进行时
4
look，listen，now
at the moment
right now
these days
Don’t make noise!
recently
Let’s practice
4
1. （2025·四川乐山）—Time for dinner, my girl. Please tell your father that dinner is ready.
—Wait a minute, mum. My dad ________ a phone call.
A．answered
B．is answering
C．will answer
Let’s practice
4
2. （2025·江苏连云港）As people pay more and more attention to cultural treasures, the industry of ancient book repairing ________ fast in China now.
A．developed
B．was developing
C．is developing
D．will develop
Let’s practice
4
3. （2025·江西）It ______ heavily. We are going to get all wet walking outside.
A．is raining B．rains
C．rained D．was raining
05
过去进行时
过去进行时
5
They were playing at 8 last night.
主语+was/were+Ving+其它
左手be过去，右手ing
过去进行时
5
结构1:主语+was/were+Ving+其它
肯定句
They were playing at 8 last night.
否定句
They weren't playing at 8 last night.
一般疑问句
Were they playing at 8 last night？
肯否回答
Yes, they were./ No, they weren’t.
过去进行时
5
He was doing his homework when his mother came back.
They were building a new school during last summer vacation.
1.表过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。
2.表过去一段时间持续的动作
过去进行时
5
My brother was playing the guitar while I was doing my homework.
The sun was shining, and birds were singing when we arrived at the park.
3.while引导的并列句（前后均为持续动作）
4. 描述过去场景（记叙文写作常用）
过去进行时
5
at 8 o’clock last night
from 7 to 9
last evening
while（后接过去进行时，表持续）
at this time yesterday
at that moment
Let’s practice
5
1. （2025·山东青岛）—What were you doing at 8 last night
—I ______ my homework. My sister ______ TV beside me.
A．did; watched
B．was doing; was watching
C．did; was watching
D．was doing; watched
Let’s practice
5
2. （2025·湖北襄阳）When the teacher came into the classroom, the students ______ about the film.
A．talk B．talked
C．were talking D．are talking
Let’s practice
5
3. （2024·浙江宁波）While my parents ______ tea in the living room, I ______ a storybook in my bedroom.
A．drank; read
B．were drinking; was reading
C．drank; was reading
D．were drinking; read
Let’s practice
5
4. （2023·河南）When I passed the park, some old people ______ Chinese tai chi.
A．practice B．practiced
C．are practicing D．were practicing
Let’s practice
5
5. （2023·广东深圳）My brother ______ a shower when the fire alarm went off.
A．takes B．took
C．was taking D．is taking
06
现在完成时
现在完成时
6
I have seen the film.
I have been a teacher for three years.
主语 + have/ has + 过去分词 + 其它
（1）表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果
（2）发生在过去，持续到现在，并有可能继续持续下去
现在完成时
6
I _______ ________ my homework.
否定句
I have finished my homework.
一般疑问句
______ ____ ________ your homework
肯否回答
Yes，___ _____.
No，___ _______.
特殊疑问句
What ______ you ______
haven’t
finished
Have you finished
I haven’t
I have
have done
be/情/助后+not
be/情/助提前
特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
现在完成时
6
动原 过去式 过去分词
clean
arrive
plan
cry
cleaned
cleaned
planned
planned
arrived
arrived
cried
cried
过去式=过去分词
直，去，双，改
现在完成时
6
分类记忆不规则
cut-cut-cut
put-put-put
hit-hit-hit
hurt-hurt-hurt
let-let-let
beat-beat-beat
AAB
AAA
现在完成时
6
分类记忆不规则
come-came-come
became-
became-
become
run-ran-run
ABA
find-found-found
meet-met-met
build-built-built
feel-felt-felt
ABB
现在完成时
6
分类记忆不规则
do-did-done
see-saw-seen
begin-began-begun
blow-blew-blown
ABC
am/is-was-been
are-were-been
break-broke-broken
ABC
现在完成时
6
I have been he.
have been to/have gone to/ have been in 区分
He has ever been to Shanghai.
（去了已回）
He isn’t here. He has gone to Shanghai.
（去了未回）
He has been in Shanghai for 3 years.
（待在某地）
现在完成时
6
since+过去时间点
+时间段ago
+过去时态从句
already
yet
just
for +一段时间
never
ever
before
Let’s practice
6
1. （2025·福建）Since last year, our school ________ free breakfasts to students in need.
A．offered
B．has offered
C．was offering
Let’s practice
6
2. （2025·云南）The film Ne Zha 2 is worth seeing. I ________ it three times so far.
A．have seen B．am going to see
C．saw D．see
Let’s practice
6
3. （2025·黑龙江）—How long has she ________ the science book I want to borrow it from her.
—For nearly three weeks. I think she might have finished reading it.
A．buy
B．had
C．bought
Let’s practice
6
4. （2024·甘肃甘南）—Where is your uncle
—He ________ America and he will stay in New York for two weeks.
A．has been to
B．has gone to
C．has been in
Let’s practice
6
5. （2024·河北）Alex ________ tea culture since he came to China in 2010.
A．studies B．studied
C．has studied D．was studying
THANK YOU

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