资源简介

(共33张PPT)
Unit 5 Discovering Useful Structures
Relative clauses （2）
什么是定语从句？
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句(句意: ……的）作用相当于形容词
朕 喜欢 长得像纯元的 女孩
I like the girls who/that look like Chunyuan.
定语从句
关系词的三个作用:
1. 连接作用：连接主句和定语从句。
2. 替代作用(替代先行词)
3. 成分作用：在定语从句中担当成分
先行词
关系词
I like the girls (who/that look like ChunYuan.)
定语从句
关系词又分为两派：
左边这路是关系代词，主要有这六个家伙
关系代词
关系代词在句中作宾语，可以省略
主语 宾语 定语
指物
指人
先行词
在从句中充当成分
which/that
(which/that)
whose
who/that
(whom/that)
whose
先行词
在从句中充当成分
whose
whose
右边这路是关系副词，有这三个家伙
关系副词的用法
1. This is the house where I lived 20 years ago.
2. I still remember the day when I first met him.
3. Can you tell me the reason why you lied to me
1.观察先行词有什么特点？
2.先行词在从句中作什么成分？
地点
地点状语in the house
时间
时间状语on the day
原因
原因状语
for this reason
Observation
where的用法
② Where 引导定语从句时，先行词为表示地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语，可用“介词+ which” 来替换。
The school where my son studies is near a park.
The school is near a park.
My son studies in this school.
分解
where作地点状语
先行词为地点类名词，一定用关系副词where吗？
The school in which my son studies is near a park.
★不能看到地点就用where, 要看____________________。
This is the house _______ he was born.
This is the house _____________ was set up by his parents.
where
that/which
作地点状语
作主语
其在从句中作什么成分
当先行词是抽象地点名词condition, situation, instance, case(情况), stage, point(阶段/状态), position(处境, 状况) 时，用关系副词where
We have reached a stage ______ we have no rights(权利) at all.
We were put into a position _____ we have to fight the government.
where
where
先行词是表示地点的名词时，用表示地点的关系副词where(在那里)，在定语从句中作地点状语
when的用法
① When 引导定语从句时，先行词为表示时间的名词，关系词在从句中作时间状语，可用“介词+ which” 来替换。
I’ll never forget the day when (on which) I joined the team .
I’ll never forget the day.
I joined the team on that day.
when作时间状语
先行词为时间类名词，一定用关系副词when吗？
★不能看到时间就用when，要看_____________________。
I’ll never forget the day ______ I lived in the mountains.
I’ll never forget the day _______________ I spent in the mountains.
when
that/which
作时间状语
作spent的宾语
其在从句中作什么成分
why的用法
③Why 引导定语从句时，先行词通常为reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语，可用“for+ which” 来替换。
Do you know the reason why (for which) he is so upset
Do you know the reason？
He is so upset for the reason.
why作原因状语
先行词为the reason，一定用关系副词why吗？
★不能看到reason 就用why，要看________________________。
This is the reason _____ he was late.
This is the reason ____________he told us for his being late.
why
that/which
作原因状语
作told的直接宾语
其在从句中作什么成分
This is the college ________________I visited three years ago.
This is the college________________ I studied three years ago.
I’ll never forget the day________________we spent together.
I’ll never forget the day ___________ we studied together.
This is the reason__________he gave.
This is the reason___________ he was absent.
that/ which
where
that/ which
when
that/which
why
*关系词的选择：
1. 根据关系词在定语从句中充当的成分，判断使用关系代词还是关系副词：句子结构完整，用关系副词；定语从句结构不完整，用关系代词
2. 根据先行词，确定关系词
关系副词
when where why
先行词 表示时间的词 表示地点的词 表示原因的词reason
关系副词在定语从句中充当的成分 时间状语 地点状语 原因状语
译为 在那时 在那里 为什么
即学即练
1．It was a time ________ they had discussion very frequently.
2．The problem has come to a point ________ everyone has
different opinions .
3．One of the reasons ______ he was refused in the interview was
that his spoken English was terrible.
4.（2023全国甲卷）There was once a town in the center of America___________all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings（与周围事物和谐共生）.
5.（2023全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings,Beijing is also a place_______________ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life.
where
when
where
why
that/which
根据汉义用定语从句补全句子
1. There are many reasons________________________________.(人们学习一
门外语）
2. Then we climbed the beautiful mountain__________________________________（在那里我们度过了一个平静的下午）。
3. The days___________________________________(中国人被人看不起)
are gone.
why people learn a foreign language
where we spent a peaceful afternoon
when Chinese were looked down upon
关系副词
when where why
先行词 表示时间的词 表示地点的词 表示原因的词reason
关系副词在定语从句中充当的成分 时间状语 地点状语 原因状语
可替换成 in which, on which, at which, during which... in which, on which, at which, to which for which
1.关系代词的确定
Do you know the girl with ________ our teacher is talking
This is the room in ___________ my grandmother used to live.
Mr.Li,without ________ help I couldn’t have made so much progress, is popular with the students.
whom
which
介词+关系代词
介词＋whom(人)/which(物)/whose(表谁的，作定语)
What can you find
whose
2. 介词的确定
根据________的搭配关系：
1) I still remember the day _______ _______ I met my friends.
2) I will never forget the farm _______ ______ I worked with you.
3) The money _______ _______ you bought food is gone.
on which
on which
with which
(on the day 在那天)
(on the farm 在农场)
(with the money 用钱)
介词+关系代词
先行词
2. 介词的确定
根据_________________的搭配习惯
Do you like the book _______ _______ she spent $10
2) Do you like the book _______ _______ she paid $10
3) The West Lake, _______ _______ Hangzhou is famous, is a
beautiful place.
on which
for which
for which
介词+关系代词
谓语动词或形容词
2. 介词的确定
根据_______来确定
1) Air, _______ which man can’t live, is really important. 空气非常重要，没有了它人类便不能生存。
2) This is the man _______ whom my brother has worked for ten years. 这就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那个人。
without
with
介词+关系代词
句意
2. 介词的确定
表示“所有”或“整体的一部分”时通常用介词 ______。
1) He has two sons, both ____________ graduated from Peking University. 他有两个儿子，他们都毕业于北京大学。
2) Tom wrote many children’s books, nearly half __________ were about campus culture. 汤姆写了很多儿童书籍，其中将近一半是关于校园文化的。
of whom
of which
介词+关系代词
of
用介词 ＋ 关系代词填空。
1. Who is the person _______ _______ you just shook hands
2. China is a powerful country, _______ _______ we are proud.
3. This is the tree _______ _______ we used to play games.
4. This is my glasses, _______ _______ I can’t see clearly.
5. My classmates and I actively participated in community service,_______ _______ I learned a lot.
即学即练
with whom
without which
under which
of which
from which
关系词的选择
1. 分析句子成分
2. 翻译定语从句
1. The volunteer _______ organizes community charity activities every weekend is my neighbor.
2．She has tried everything _______ could help her younger brother get rid of the bad habit.
3. Mr Black is going to Beijing in October, _______is the best season there.
4. I will never forget the days _______I spent with your family.
5. This is the boy _______ father died three years ago.
6. Who is the student _____was late for school today
7. This is the college _______ I visited three years ago.
8. Anne was a Jewish girl ______ diary has been read all over the world.
9.There is no simple answer, ______ is often the case in science.
10. How many students are there in your class ________ homes are in the countryside.
1．It was a time ________ they had discussion very frequently.
2．The problem has come to a point ________ everyone has different opinions .
3．One of the reasons ______ he was refused in the interview was that his spoken English was terrible.
4. There was once a town in the center of America___________all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings（与周围事物和谐共生）.
5. But for all its ancient buildings,Beijing is also a place_________welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life.
6. There are many reasons_______people learn a foreign language.
7.Then we climbed the beautiful mountain_______we spent a peaceful afternoon.
8. The days________ people spend in reading are becoming less and less.
用适当的关系词填空
1. Her son, to _____ shen was devoted, went abroad ten years ago.
2. They will fly to Beijing, _______ they plan to stay for two days.
3. Anne was a Jewish girl ________diary has been read widely all over the world.
4. Yesterday I helped an old man __________ lost his way.
5. He helped me a lot with my English, for _____ I was very grateful.
6. They planted the trees ___________ didn' t need much water.
7. I’ll never forget the days_____ we worked together.
8. This is the reason _____ he was late.
9. I went to the place _______ I worked ten years ago.
whom
where
whose
who/ that
which
which/that
when
why
where
用适当的关系词填空
1. Can you tell me the name of the stadium ______ you visited before
2. After graduation, he went to make a living in Canada, _____ turned out to be a wise decision.
3. I went to the place ___________ I visited ten years ago.
4. This is the reason __________ he gave.
which/that
which
which/that
which/that
5. John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _____ are family members.
6. How many students are there in your class______ homes are in the countryside
whom
whose
用适当的关系词填空
1. My brother is always making good use of the time _________ he can spare.
2. Many countries set up national parks ______ animals and plants can be protected.
3. I still remember the day ______ I first came to America.
4. When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house ______ I would stay.
5. The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those
______ lives were affected.
6. There is no simple answer, ______ is often the case in science.
7. We need a person __________ is capable of fluent English.
which/that
where
when
where
whose
which
who/ that
Thank you！

展开更多......

收起↑