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(共25张PPT)
Unit 2 Morals and Virtues
动词-ing形式
作宾语补足语和状语
Lead-in
Read and discuss the functions and meanings of the -ing form.
1 ... her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees.
2. Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a
private clinic.
3.The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi
playing a key role.
状语
状语
宾语补足语
Function Examples
It was great fun enjoying the relaxing atmosphere!
I just can’t take my eyes off the shining lights on the Christmas trees everywhere.
You look amazing today.
The most important thing is getting there in time.
She heard someone knocking at the door.
You have kept me waiting the whole morning.
Having dressed up nicely, we went out to have
some good local food and enjoy the celebrations.
She sat at the desk reading a newspaper.
表语
定语
宾语补足语
状语
动词-ing 形式
例：1.Seeing nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note.
（主动意义，v-ing的动作和谓语的动作几乎同时发生。）
2.Having waited for an hour, he realized he had left his wallet at home.
(主动意义，v-ing的动作发生在谓语的动作之前。）
主动形式 被动形式
一般式
完成式
doing
having done
being done
having been done
动词-ing 形式的结构
动词-ing形式是非谓语动词的一种，兼有动词和形容词的特征，在句中可作表语，定语，宾语补足语和状语，一般表示进行或主动的意思。
动词-ing形式用作状语时，其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。
动词-ing形式在句中可以作时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随和结果状语。
动词-ing 形式作状语
Walking through the park, the flowers looked very beautiful.
Walking through the park, we saw a lot of flowers.
1. Hearing the news, they immediately set off for Shanghai.
2. Being tired, I stopped to have a rest.
3. The snow lasted a week, causing serious traffic confusions.
4. Working hard, you will finally succeed.
时间状语
原因状语
结果状语
条件状语
5. Admitting what she has said, I still think that she hasn’t tried her best.
6. Please answer the question using another way.
7. Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling frustrated.
让步状语
方式状语
伴随状语
-ing作条件，时间，原因，让步等状语时，一般放在句首。
作结果，伴随，方式等状语时，一般放在句末。
e.g. Walking in the park，she saw an old friend
在公园散步时，她看到一个老朋友。
(分析：walk的动作是由其逻辑主语“she”发出，与句子的主语she一致，且构成主动关系，所以用动词-ing形式。)
将下面的时间状语从句改写成简单句。
When he walked out of the room, he saw a dog.
Walking out of the room, he saw a dog.
1. 作时间状语
e.g. Being ill, he didn’t go to school yesterday.
因为生病了，他昨天没有上学。
(分析: He is ill是He didn’t go to school的原因。be的逻辑主语和句子主语是一致, 主动关系。)
Not knowing the way, he got lost.
翻译句子：由于不认路，他迷路了。
As he ____________________, he got lost.
didn’t know the way
动词-ing形式的否定式是在其前面加not。
2. 作原因状语
e.g. Turning to the left, you will see a school.
向左转你就会看到一所学校。
If we ___________ , we will succeed.
翻译句子：努力学习, 我们就会成功。
Studying hard , we will succeed.
study hard
3. 作条件状语
e.g. Being tired, they went on working.
尽管很累了，可他们仍继续工作。
Knowing it is difficult, I don’t give up.
翻译句子：虽然知道它很难，我也不放弃。
Although I _________________, I don’t give up.
know it is difficult
4. 作让步状语
e.g. You gave me such a fright creeping up on me like that!
你那样不声不响地从后面过来，吓我一跳！
用动词-ing形式作状语的结构翻译下列句子。
1) 请你用另一种方式回答问题。
2) 她跑进屋里来。
Please answer the question using another way.
She came running into the room.
5. 作方式状语
e.g. The child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it. 那孩子跌倒了，头碰在门上磕破了。
He went abroad, leaving his uncle a big house.
翻译句子：他出国了，留给他叔叔一间大房子。
He went abroad and ________his uncle a big house.
left
6. 作结果状语
动词-ing形式做结果状语，是表示随着谓语动词所表示的动作的发生而产生的自然结果，其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子所描述的情况，前面有时候可以加thus。
而动词不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，有时前面可以加only。
e.g. We came home only to find our garden in a mess.
He left, never to return.
注意：不一样的结果状语
e.g. The little boy went upstairs, trailing his teddy bear behind him.
那个小男孩走上楼去，身后拖着他的玩具熊。
Emma was sitting in an armchair reading a book.
Emma坐在一张扶手椅上看书。
7. 作伴随状语
宾语补足语位于宾语之后，补充说明宾语是什么或怎么样，与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。
We can see a boy singing in the picture.
宾语补足语
主语
谓语
宾语
动词-ing形式作宾语补足语
动词-ing形式作宾语补足语
1. We saw the teacher doing the experiment.
I saw her being questioned by the police.
在with复合结构中作宾补
在使役动词keep, get, leave, have等后作宾补
在感官动词see, hear, feel, smell, watch, notice等后作宾补
3. I couldn’t do my homework with the noise going on.
With so many people looking at her, she felt nervous.
2. In order to keep warm, we kept the fire burning.
Don’t leave her waiting outside in the rain.
在see，hear，feel，watch等感官动词后，既可用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，也可用不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。用动词-ing形式时，表示动作正在进行；
用不带to的动词不定式时，表示动作经常发生或动作从开始到结束的全过程。
e.g. I saw him getting out of the car. 我看见他正在下车。
I saw him get out of the car. 我看见他下车了。
Attention:
作状语
主动:____________________
被动：___________________
________________________________________________
1.逻辑主语与主句主语 ;
2.否定形式: .
形式
类型
注意
doing / having done
being done / having been done
时间状语
原因状语
结果状语
条件状语
让步状语
方式状语
伴随状语
一致
not / never + v-ing
动词-ing 形式
作宾补
主动 ____________
被动 ____________
在_____________后作宾补
在_____________后作宾补
在_____________后作宾补
doing
being done
感官动词
使役动词
with复合结构
形式
用法
动词-ing 形式
1. All customers __________ (travel) on TransLink services must
be in ___________ (possess) of a valid ticket before boarding.
2. In fact, anyone _________ (wish) to try race walking should
probably first consult a coach or ___________ (experience) racer
_________ (learn) proper technique.
3. One of his latest projects has been to make plants grow in
experiments _________(use) some common vegetables.
travelling
possession
experienced
wishing
to learn
高考链接
using
4. Nervously _________ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to
myself the two simple words “Be yourself”.
5. _________________ (work) for two days, Steve managed to finish
his report on schedule.
6. All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, _______
(say) that I had a talent for football.
7. _________ (turn) around, we saw an old woman ___________ (walk)
towards the river.
facing
Having worked
saying
Turning
walking
高考链接
8. China’s approach to _____________ (protect) its environment
while _________ (feed) its citizens offers useful lessons for
agriculture and food policymakers worldwide.
9. _____________ (know) which university to attend, the girl
asked her teacher for advice.
10. Some students will feel a growing sense of anxiety with the
exam _________ (draw) near while others may appear calm.
Not knowing
drawing
protecting
feeding
高考链接
[1]　同义句转换
①As time passes by，we will have a better and better life.
→With ________________，we will have a better and better life.
②I saw that they were coming across the street.
→I saw _______________________ the street.
time passing by
them coming across
③I stood on the bridge and watched boats were passing by.
→I stood on the bridge and watched ____________________.
④I felt that someone was patting me on the shoulder.
→I felt _______________________me on the shoulder.
⑤I heard that Mary sang a song in the next room last night.
→I heard ________________________ in the next room last night.
boats passing by
someone patting
Mary sing a song
[2]　同义句转换
①It rained heavily and it caused great damage.
→It rained heavily，________________________.
②After he had eaten his dinner，the boy rushed out.
→_______________________，the boy rushed out.
③The boy sat in front of the farm house，and cut the branches.
→The boy sat in front of the farm house，___________________________.
④As I did not know how to get there，I had to ask the way.
→__________________________________，I had to ask the way.
causing great damage
Having eaten his dinner
cutting the branches
Not knowing how to get there
Thank You

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