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(共21张PPT)
Unit 1 Science and Scientists
Discover Useful Structures
One theory was that bad air caused the disease.
The other was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.
It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.
The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.
What do the sentences have in common in their structures
One theory was that bad air caused the disease.
The other was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food and water.
____
__
____________
主语
系动词
表语从句
表语从句是指______________________, 紧跟在________之后，对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。
从句在句子中充当表语
系动词
变得：become、get、turn、grow；
保持：keep、stay;
仍然：remain
终止类: turn out(结果是)、prove（证明是）
常用系动词归纳
be动词
am、is、are
感官动词
look、sound、smell、taste、feel、seem、appear
“变与不变”类的词
引导词
Conjunction words
引导词 用法
从属连词 that “无名无分”
whether “有名无分”, 名为“是否”
连接代词 what, which, who, whom, +ever, whose 充当主语，宾语，表语，定语
连接副词 how, when, where, …+ ever, why 充当状语
其它连接词 because, as if/though 因为; 好像，似乎
(1)从属连词： that、whether (不能用if)
1. My belief is ______________I will succeed by working hard.
2. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________one can be
entirely free from dust.
雨季最令人愉快的事情是完全没有灰尘。
3. The problem is ______________we can find them there.
whether
that
that
that在从句中不做成分，也没有实际意义，但不可省略；whether也不能省略，意思为：是否。
(2) 连接代词引导的表语从句：
连接代词what, which, who, whom, wh-ever，whose等除了在句中起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语、 表语、定语等，不能省略。
The question is which one we should buy.
My concern is what he wants to get from us.
His puzzle is whose money it belongs to.
That’s what I should do.
1. You can be __________ you want to be.
2. The question is ____________ caused the accident.
3. The most important thing is ____________ responsibility it is.
whoever
whose
what
(3) 连接副词引导的表语从句：
连接副词when, where, how, why等除了在句中起连接作用外还在从句中充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，不能省略。
The problem is how we can find him.
That is where I first met her.
That's why I object to the plan.
That was when I was fifteen.
1. This is ____________I don't agree with you.
这就是我不同意你的地方。
2. The question is __________we can get in touch with him.
问题是我们怎样才能和他联系上。
3. That is _________ I got wet through.
那就是为什么我被淋湿了。
where
how
why
1. 表语从句的【特殊句式】
The reason why.... is that.... “...的原因是...”
The reason is that... “原因是...”
The reason ________ I like English is ________ it brings me happiness.
The reason is ________ English brings me joy.
why
that
that
2. This /That/ It is because.... “这/那是因为...”
This / That / It is why... “这/那就是...的原因。”
because引导表语从句，从句表原因。
why引导表语从句，从句表结果。
I like English. That is ________ it brings me joy.
English brings me joy. That is _______ I like it.
because
why
2. 表语从句的【常见句式】
It seems/ appears that +句子 “似乎...”
It turns out /proves that +句子 “结果、原来...”
The chances are that +句子 “可能....”
It turns out/proves that she was a friend of my sister. 她原来是我姐姐的朋友。
The chances are that he will recover from his injury in time for the next game.
3. 表语从句中的【虚拟语气】
主语是表示“建议”“命令”“要求”的名词，表语从句应使用虚拟语气，即：(should) +动词原形
建议: suggestion, advice,proposal,idea
命令: order, command,
要求: request,requirement
My proposal is that we___________ (start) early tomorrow.
My advice is that you_______(practise) speaking English as often as possible.
(should) start
practise
4. as if/as though引导表语从句的【两种语气】
1.若表陈述语气，就用陈述语气；
2.若与客观事实不符，就用虚拟语气；
若跟现在事实不符：过去式（be动词用were）
若跟过去事实不符：had done
若跟将来事实不符：would/could+动词原形
as if/as though 引导的表语从句常跟在look, seem, sound, feel等后面
Dark clouds are gathering. It looks as if it’s going to rain.
It seemed as if the night would never end.
The little boy talks as if he (know) everything in the world.
When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it____(be) broken.
knew
were
1、The question is _________we will have our sports meeting next week.
2、The reason why he failed is _________he was too careless.
3、Go and get your coat. It’s _________you left it.
4、The problem is _________ I have no money.
5、What I want to know is _________he likes the gift given by us.
1、whether 2、that 3、where 4、that 5、whether
6、The reason is _________I missed the bus.
7、That is _________we were late last night.
8、She looked _________she were ten years younger.
9、The reason why he hasn’t come is _________ his mother is ill.
10、That is _________he likes the place so much.
6、that 7、why 8、as though 9、that 10、why
11、That is _________Lu Xun once lived.
12、His suggestion is _________we should stay calm..
13、The question is _________will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.
14、That is _________ she failed to pass the exam.
15、That is _________ I want to tell you.
11、where 12、that 13、who 14、why 15、what
16、My problem is _________computer to choose.
17、The trouble is _________ we are short of funds.
18、The trouble is _________I have lost his address.
19、My suggestion is _________we (should) start early tomorrow.
20、My idea is _________ we should start making preparations right now.
16、which 17、that 18、that 19、that 20、why

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