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Unit 3　Family matters
(主题语境类型：人与自我；话题：个人、家庭、社区及学校生活；话题涉及教材其他内容：必修第一册Unit 1 A new start；选择性必修第二册Unit 3 Times change! )
根据汉语提示或所提供的单词完成语篇，核对答案并背诵，以此串联高中3000＋词！(黑体部分是本单元词汇)。
1. Aiming (aim) to solve a range of issues related to 2. generation gaps (代沟), our school will hold an English speech competition 3. themed (theme) how to communicate with parents. Here 4. are (be) my ideas on how to 5. chat (聊天) with parents.
Nowadays, there is 6. typically (typical) a lack of understanding between parents and children. Children always complain that their parents are out of style and 7. ignore (忽视) their feelings regularly, while parents can't agree with 8. what their children say or do. As far as they judge, it is their 9. responsibility (responsible) to teach their children 10. suitable (suit) behavior. Thus, a big generation gap is formed, which has a great impact 11. on their life.
How to narrow the gap First, 12. it is indeed important for children 13. to respect their parents (尊重他们的父母). Don't be rude to parents 14. despite (尽管) their wrong deeds. Second, parents should treat their children as friends, and try to show 15. admiration (admire) if their children do a good job.
All in all，generation gaps can 16. be bridged (bridge) by joint efforts of both sides 17. to strengthen (strengthen) mutual understanding. Remember, positive parent child relationship is helpful to the physical and mental 18. growth (grow) of children.
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——我会认
1．career n. 职业，事业
2．lawyer n. 律师
3．studio n. (音乐)录音室
4．court n. 法院，法庭
5．sigh n. 叹气，叹息(尤因厌烦、失望、疲倦等)
6．curtain n． (舞台上的)幕，帷幕
7．generation n. 一代(人)
8．gap n. 差距，差别
9．jaw n. 下巴，下颌
10．beard n. 胡须
11．skin n. 皮肤
12．jogging n. 慢跑锻炼
13．slim adj. 苗条的，修长的
14．cheek n. 面颊，脸颊
15．issue n. (尤指社会或政治方面的)议题；争论的问题
16．theme n. 主题
17．feature n. (报纸或杂志的)特写
18．individual adj. 独特的，与众不同的
19．style n. 风格
20．extra adj. 额外的，另外的
21．triathlon n． 铁人三项运动
22．onto prep. 到……上，向……上，朝……上
23．track n. 跑道
24．media n. 新闻媒体，传媒
25．million num. 百万
26．disqualify v. (因犯规而)取消……的资格
27．athlete n． 运动员，田径运动员
28．medal n． 奖牌，勋章
29．somehow adv. 用某种方法，不知怎的
30．indeed adv. 当然，确实(用于强调陈述或回答)
Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写
1. character n. (书、剧本、电影等中的)人物、角色
2. approach v. 走近，靠近
3. chat n. 闲谈，聊天
4. focus v. (把……)集中(于)
5. respect v．尊敬，敬重
6. nowadays adv.现今，现时
7. range n. 一系列
8. event n. 活动(指演出、体育比赛、聚会等)
9. impact n. 作用， 影响
10. detail n．细节，细微之处
11. contain v. 包含， 含有
12. summary n. 总结， 摘要
13. series n．系列比赛
14. despite prep.尽管，虽然
15. throughout prep.在整个期间，自始至终
16. positive adj. 好的， 积极的
单词拼写
1．(2024·全国甲卷) You have to balance creating an ending that's unpredictable, but doesn't seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what's right for the characters (书中人物).
2．(2024·全国甲卷) The festival is a public event (活动) for Harvard and community members of all ages.
3．(2024·新课标全国Ⅱ卷) Visit during off peak times. Minimize impact (影响) and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour.
4．(2024·新课标全国Ⅰ卷) It contains (包含) around 163，000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases.
5. (2023·浙江卷) Hovering, she approached (靠近) within six inches of my face.
6. (2023·浙江卷) Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double check all the details (细节), make suggestions, and then handle the actual reservations.
7. (2023·新课标全国Ⅱ卷) They surveyed several hundred park goers, asking them to submit a written summary (总结) online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park.
8. (2022·全国乙卷) There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat (聊天).
9．In addition to these traditional activities, we have a wider range (系列) of choices, such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.
10. Despite(尽管)the poor service of the hotel, the manager is reluctant to invest in sufficient training for his staff.
Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变
1. assume v. 假定，假设，认为→ assumption n. 假定，设想 → assuming conj.假如，假设……为真
2. ignore vt.忽视，不顾→ ignorant adj.无知的→ ignorance n．无知　
3. professional adj. 职业的，专业的→ profession n．职业；专业→ professor n．教授
4. suit v. 适合→ suitable adj.合适的
5. talent n．天赋，才能→ talented adj. 有才气的；有才能的
6. option n. 选择，可选择的东西→ optional adj. 可选择的；随意的
7. currently adv. 现时，当前→ current adj.现在的
8. regularly adv.经常→ regular adj. 定期的，有规律的
9. responsible adj. (对事故、错误、罪行等)负有责任的，应承担责任的→ responsibility n．责任，职责，义务
10. memory n. 记忆，回忆→ memorize vt.记住，记忆，背熟
11. nation n. 国家→ national adj.国家的，民族的→ nationality n．国籍
12. aim n．目标；目的 v．瞄准；(向某方向)努力；力求达到→ aimless adj.没有目标的；漫无目的的→ aimlessly adv.漫无目的地
13. observe v．庆祝，过(节日、生日等)→ observation n．观察；监视
14. apologise v. 道歉→ apology n．道歉
15. stress n. 重音，重读 vt.加压力于；使紧张→ stressful adj.产生压力的；紧张的→ stressed adj.焦虑不安的
16. strength n．力量；力气；强烈程度；长处→ strengthen vt.加强→ strong adj.强壮的
17. admire v．钦佩，赞美，羡慕→ admiration n．羡慕→ admirable adj.令人羡慕的
18. judge v．认为，判断→ judgement n. 意见；判断力；审判
19. settle v．和解，结束(争论)→ settler n．移民；殖民者→ settlement n．殖民地
20. typically adv.一般，通常→ typical adj.典型的，有代表性的
21. powerful adj.强有力的，有影响(感染)力的→ power n．力量；能力→ powerless adj.无力的；没有能力的
22. obviously adv.明显地，显而易见地→ obvious adj.明显的
23. entire adj.全部的，整个的→ entirely adv.完全地；全然地；整个地
24. enormously adv.非常，极其→ enormous adj.庞大的；凶暴的
[语境活用]——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Don't assume that you are a princess and stop live in assumption．(assume)
2．Joanna is a talented dancer. She showed a talent for dancing when she was young.(talent)
3．Because of his admirable success in playing basketball，many teenagers admire Jeremy Lin and think he deserves their admiration ．(admire)
4．The young man kept apologising to his girlfriend for his being late, but she refused to accept his apology ．(apologise)
5．These buildings in our nation are part of our national heritage, so we should cherish and protect them.(nation)
6．The manager was sent to settle the problem but different opinions of two sides destroyed all the hopes of a peaceful settlement ．(settle)
7．Although the importance of education is stressed ，teaching can be a tiring and stressful job because teachers have to work under great stress every day.(stress)
8．It is wrong of you to ignore the traffic rules. In fact, there are still many people who are ignorant of them. It is their ignorance that leads to many accidents. (ignore)
9．We'll be responsible for your safety and you need to take responsibility for your actions.(responsible)
10．To make yourself strong and increase your strength ，you should get more exercise to strengthen your muscles.(strong)
Ⅳ.重点短语——我牢记
1. settle for 勉强接受，将就
2. in the lead 领先
3. turn to...for... 向……求助以获取……
4. focus on 致力于……
5. throw a party 举办聚会
6. work on 致力于
7. draw up 拟订，起草
8. can't wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事
9. make up for 弥补，补偿
10. have an impact on 对……有影响
11. leave...behind 留下
12. make use of 利用
[语境活用]——选用上述短语填空
1．None of the competitors could catch up with the untiring runner who was in the lead ．
2．Later, they learned to work with the seasons, planting at the right time and, in dry areas, making use of annual floods to irrigate (灌溉) their fields.
3．Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners.
4．As a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.
5．By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character.
1.以able和ful构成的形容词
①respectful 尊重人的
respectable可敬的
②regretful 遗憾的，后悔的
regrettable令人遗憾的
③forgetful 健忘的
forgettable可遗忘的
④changeful 易变的，不稳定的
changeable可改变的
⑤useful 有用的，有帮助的
useable可用的
2．动词＋ing→名词
①belongings 所有物，财产
②jogging 慢跑锻炼
③saving 存款
④shopping 购物
⑤sightseeing 观光，游览
⑥drawing 绘画
⑦advertising 广告业
3．不可“忽视”的单词
①ignore v．忽视
②overlook v．& n．忽略，不理会
③neglect v．& n．忽略，忽视
④disregard v．& n．忽视，不理会
4．注意“影响”
①effect n. 影响，结果
②affect v. 影响
③influence n．& v. 影响
④impact n．& v. 影响
1.She still has smooth skin and straight black hair, and jogging has kept her slim and fit.
她仍然拥有光滑的皮肤和笔直的黑发，慢跑使她保持苗条和健康。
【考点凝练】keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语
2．With just 700 metres to go, Alistair Brownlee was in third place and his younger brother, Jonny, was in the lead.
只剩700米，阿利斯泰尔·布朗利排在第三位，他的弟弟乔尼领先。
【考点凝练】with复合结构
3．Watched by millions, the ending to the race has divided opinions: should the brothers have been disqualified or highly praised for their actions
在数百万人的注视下，这场比赛的结局引起了不同的意见：兄弟俩是应该被取消资格，还是应该因为他们的行为受到高度赞扬？
【考点凝练】过去分词短语作状语
4．But for Alistair, his decision was easy to explain：“Mum wouldn't have been happy if I'd left Jonny behind.”
但对阿利斯泰尔来说，他的这个决定很容易解释：“如果我把乔尼丢下，妈妈会不高兴的。”
【考点凝练】be＋ adj.＋to do，常用动词不定式的主动形式表达被动意义
[语境活用]——经典句式仿写
1．他们把藏品放在家里，直到藏品够多或者直到他们去世了才把它们交给博物馆。(keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
They kept their collection at home until it got too big or until they died, and then it was given to a museum.
2．问题解决后，他们高兴而轻松。(with复合结构)
With the problem settled ， they were happy and relaxed.
3．如果正确使用的话，普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。(过去分词短语作状语)
Ordinary soap, used correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
4．英语中有大量华丽但可能很难懂的表达。(be＋ adj.＋to do)
English has a huge number of colourful and splendid expressions which may be difficult to understand .
核 心 词 汇
1．approach v．走近，靠近 n．接近；通路；方法
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)You should remain modest when approaching (approach)perfection.
(2)So far they have discussed three new approaches to keeping (keep) slim.
(3)It is not surprising that many kinds of birds fly south at the approach of winter.
归纳拓展
·approach sth./sb.接近/靠近某物/某人
·an/the approach to (doing) sth.(做)某事的方法
with the approach of 随着……的临近/靠近
at the approach of...在快到……的时候
注意：
(1)approach表示“具体靠近或走近某人或某事物”时，可直接用作及物动词，不要按汉语意思在其后加介词to，near等。
(2)approach作名词，表示“方法；通路”解时，其后接介词to。
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)接近那辆车时，他们看到一位女士正努力从破碎的窗户里爬出来。(读后续写之动作描写)
Approaching the vehicle ，they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window.
(5)随着期末考试的临近，我变得越来越焦虑。(应用文之求助信)
① With the approach of the final exam ，I became more and more anxious.
② With the final exam approaching ，I became more and more anxious.
2．focus v．(把……)集中(于)n.焦点；焦距；中心
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)(2024·全国甲卷) I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused (focus) and very concerned.
(2)(2023·浙江卷) Explorers Camp organizes engaging arts, history and science related activities in every class, and focuses on a range of topics.
(3)In all, 80 examinations were conducted for the project between January and September, 2019, focusing (focus) on the imaging procedures that would cause anxiety.
归纳拓展
·focus on/upon...集中于……
focus one's attention on...集中某人的注意力于……
·the focus of attention 注意的焦点
bring...into focus 调准……的焦距；使……明确
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)如果你把精力放在学习上，你会进步很快。(应用文之建议信)
If you focus your attention on your study，you will make rapid progress.
(5)Because he focused his attention on his homework，he didn't know what was happening outside.
① Focusing his attention on his homework ，he didn't know what was happening outside.(现在分词短语作状语)
② With his attention focused on his homework ，he didn't know what was happening outside.(with复合结构)
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)It is wrong to assume (assume) arts groups cannot make a profit.
(2)A lot of people make the assumption (assume) that poverty only exists in the third world.
归纳拓展
·assume sb./sth. to be...假定/假设某人/某事为……
It is generally assumed that...普遍认为……
·assumption n．假定；设想；(责任的)承担；担任
on the assumption that...假定……，假设……
·assuming (that)...假定……(作状语)
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(3)假定我当选为冬奥会的志愿者， 我将全心全意为人民服务。
Assuming that I am chosen to be a volunteer at Winter Olympic Games, I will serve the people heart and soul.
(4)他的观点建立在人人平等的假设之上。
His views are grounded on the assumption that all people are equal ．
4．respect v．尊敬，敬重n.方面；尊重；敬意；问候(常用复数)
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)(2023·新课标全国Ⅱ卷) They make me feel valued and respected (respect), no matter my level of artistic ability.
(2)(2022·全国甲卷) The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected (respect) by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.
(3)They're the only thing that looks like human language
in that respect.
(4)When you call your parents，please give my respects (respect) to them.
归纳拓展
·respect sb.for sth.因为某事尊重某人
·show/have respect for...尊重……
in every respect 在各方面
in many respects在许多方面
give one's respects to sb.向某人问候/致意
in respect of＝ with respect to至于，关于，就……而言
·respectable adj.值得尊敬的；体面的，得体的
respectful adj.表示敬意的，尊敬的
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(5)我想告诉你的是我对父母深深的爱和敬重。(应用文之人物介绍)
What I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents ．
(6)He was respected by everyone and decided to make great contributions to the country.
→ Respected by everyone ，he decided to make great contributions to the country.(过去分词作状语)
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)As far as I know, Amanda has a talent for painting.
(2)I've heard that you are a talented (talent) young woman, and I have found you charming and intelligent as well.
归纳拓展
·have a talent/gift for有……的天赋
show a talent for...表现出……的才能
have the talent to do sth.有做某事的天赋
a man/woman of many talents多才多艺的人
·talented adj.有天赋的；有才能的
be talented in/at在……方面有天赋
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(3)郎朗是一位才华横溢的钢琴家，在国外引起了很多人的关注。(应用文之人物介绍)
Lang Lang is a talented pianist who has drawn many people's attention abroad.
(4)我知道你在唱中文歌方面很有天赋。(一句多译)
① I know you have a talent for singing Chinese songs. (talent)
② I know you are talented in singing Chinese songs. (talented)
6．aim n．目标；目的vt.& vi.瞄准；(向某方向)努力；力求达到；对准；目的在于
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)(2024·全国甲卷) That's why this issue of Writer's Digest aims to help (help) you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you're doing.
(2)(2023·新课标全国Ⅱ卷) The program aims to help (help) students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.
(3)The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement.
归纳拓展
·take aim at 瞄准……
with the aim of有……的目的
·aim at 瞄准；目的在于
aim sth.at sb./sth.用某物朝向/瞄准某人或某物
aim to do.../at doing...旨在做……；力求达到……
be aimed at目的是；旨在
·aimless adj.无目的的
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)This activity which is aimed at improving our ability is very popular in our class.(应用文之介绍)
Aimed at improving our ability ，this activity is very popular in our class.(用非谓语动词改写)
(5)据说他们力求做到在年底前人人得到培训。
①It is said that they are aiming to train everyone by the end of the year.
②It is said that they are aiming at training everyone by the end of the year.
7．observe vt.看到；注意到；观察；遵守；庆祝
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)(2024·新课标全国Ⅰ卷) With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations (observe) of different species with the aid of a mobile application.
(2)(2023·新课标全国Ⅰ卷) When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing (observe) how nature solved problems.
(3)These students are often observed to take (take) part in various sports events in the stadium.
(4)The guard observed a young man stealing (steal)from the office，and he tried to approach him quietly.
归纳拓展
·observe sb.do sth.观察/注意到某人做了某事(强调看到动作的全过程)(在被动句中要加上省略了的“to”)
observe sb.doing sth.看到某人正在做某事(强调看到动作正在进行)
·observation n．观察
observatory n．天文台；气象台
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(5)人们通常在新年的前一天开始庆祝春节。(应用文之介绍春节)
People usually start to observe the Spring Festival on the day before the New Year Day.
(6)为了从一个正确的角度观察总统，Vinnie想选择窗户附近的这个角落。
Vinnie wanted to choose the corner near the windows to observe the President at a right angle ．
8．make an apology to sb.(for...)(为……)向某人道歉
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)I come to you, hat in hand, to apologize for the damage I had indirectly caused.
(2)Before Vinnie could say yes, the President hurried on, a shade of apology (apologize) in his voice.
归纳拓展
·apology n．[C]&[U]道歉；歉意
make/express/convey an apology to sb.(for...)(为……)向某人道歉
accept/refuse sb.'s apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉
owe sb.an apology＝owe an apology to sb.应该向某人表示歉意
·apologize vi.道歉；辩白(＝apologise)
apologize to sb.for (doing) sth.为(做)某事而向某人道歉
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(3)The teacher made a suggestion that she should apologize to her deskmate for her bad behaviour.
→The teacher made a suggestion that she should make/express/convey an apology to her deskmate for her bad behaviour.
(4)我应向你道歉，星期五下午不能和你一起去书店了。(应用文之道歉信)
I owe you an apology for the fact that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.
重 点 句 型
　be＋adj.＋to do...
But for Alistair, his decision was easy to explain：...
但是对阿利斯泰尔而言，他的决定很容易解释：……
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)The lawyer's explanations are clear and easy to follow (follow).
(2)The fresh air at the seaside is pleasant to breathe (breath).
归纳拓展
在“be＋adj.＋to do”结构中，不定式表示的动作与句子主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系时，用主动形式表示被动意义。用于此结构的常见形容词有：interesting，hard, difficult, easy, light, heavy, comfortable, cheap，expensive，pleasant等。
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(3)我很自信地告诉你，这个房间住起来很舒适。(应用文之推荐信)
I am confident to tell you that the room is comfortable to live in ．
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1. Approaching (approach) the port, we saw some ships carrying goods.
2．I should apologize (apology) to you—I'm afraid I opened your letter by mistake.
3．We focus on urban areas where access to nature is often not that easy.
4．It is assumed (assume) that stress is caused by too much work.
5．The girl chatting (chat) on the phone looked happy.
6．The girls are currently (current) talking about the two leading characters in the film.
7．We discussed the strengths (strong)and weaknesses of each person. Obviously (obvious), the discussion made us come to know about ourselves better.
8．These athletes (athlete) train regularly (regular) in preparation for the coming competition. Each of them is eager to get more medals (medal).
9．It's our responsibility (responsible) to protect our environment. Besides, we should help solve some environmental issues (issue).
10. Typically (typical), the more knowledgeable a person is, the more powerful (power) he is. As a consequence, read a wide range of books and apply your knowledge to practice.
Ⅱ.语境辨义练
一词多义练/熟词生义练
1．observe
A．vt.看到；注意到　 B．vt.观察　C．vt.遵守
D．vt.庆祝
(1)Though having lived abroad for years，many homesick Chinese still observe traditional customs. C
(2)(2023·新课标全国Ⅰ卷) You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. B
(3)Could you tell me how you usually observe Thanksgiving Day in your country D
(4)The thief was observed to open the window and run away. A
2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)Zac tracks down the medal's rightful owner，and returns it. 追踪
(2)The minister issued a statement to the press. 公布；发布
(3)(2024·新课标全国Ⅱ卷)Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you. 吸引
(4)(2024·新课标全国Ⅰ卷) According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print. 处理
(5)(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths．” 优势
Ⅰ.话题微写作(运用单元知识，在真实任务情境中提高语言综合运用能力)
假设你是李华，今天是母亲节，请给你的外国笔友John写一封电子邮件，谈谈你将如何与母亲一起度过这个特别的日子。
1．今天是母亲节。母亲节是一个特殊的日子，不是吗？ 为了庆祝这个节日，我想我们应该为母亲们做点什么。(observe)
It's Mother's Day today. It's a special day, isn't it To observe the Day，I think we should do something for mothers.
2．它给我们提供了一个向我们的母亲致敬的机会。(respect)
It offers us a chance to show respect to our mothers.
3．我的母亲对我有积极的影响。(positive; impact)
My mother has a positive impact on me.
4．每当我遇到困难，她总是乐于帮我解决。(settle)
Whenever I meet with difficulties, she is always ready to help me settle them.
5．今天我要为她做一张漂亮的卡片，并在上面写上我的感谢和最美好的祝愿。(make; write)
Today I will make a beautiful card for her, and write my thanks and best wishes on it.
6．然后，我要做她最喜欢的食物，帮她做家务。(cook)
Then I will cook her favourite food and help her do housework.
7．晚饭后我会陪她一起散步。(take a walk)
I'll take a walk with her after dinner.
8．我相信她会很高兴并以我为傲。 (sure; be proud of)
I'm sure she'll be very happy and proud of me.
9．你的母亲节计划是什么？ 期待你的回信。(look forward to)
What's your plan for Mother's Day I'm looking forward to hearing from you.
[句式升级]
1．将第1句与第2句用定语从句进行改写升级。
It's Mother's Day today. It's a special day, isn't it To observe the Day, which offers us a chance to show respect to our mothers，I think we should do something for them.
2．将第5句用 with 复合结构进行改写升级。
Today I will make a beautiful card for her, with my thanks and best wishes written on it.
3．将第6句和第7句用 not only... but also...进行改写升级。
Then not only will I cook her favourite food and help her do housework, but also I'll take a walk with her after dinner.
[连句成篇]
参考范文：
Dear John，
It's Mother's Day today. It's a special day, isn't it To observe the Day, which offers us a chance to show respect to our mothers，I think we should do something for them. My mother has a positive impact on me. Whenever I meet with difficulties, she is always ready to help me settle them.
Today I will make a beautiful card for her, with my thanks and best wishes written on it. Then not only will I cook her favourite food and help her do housework, but also I'll take a walk with her after dinner. I'm sure she'll be very happy and proud of me.
What's your plan for Mother's Day I'm looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours，
Li Hua
Ⅱ.读后续写微写作
(一)积累常诵
情感描写之“宽慰”和“温暖”
形容词/副词/名词 warm, relieved, gentle, gently, warmth, relief
短语 to one's relief, a feeling of warmth, pat sb. on the shoulder, look sb. gently in the eyes, cast comforting glance at sb.
句子 ①She stroked her fingers through my hair, and said, “Things are going to be fine.” ②The woman was staring tenderly at the girl, wiping out tears from her cheek. ③He didn't say a word, but smiled a watery smile and held my hands tightly.
(二)语段写作
第一步：按要求描写人物的“宽慰和温暖”之情
1．看到一辆汽车靠近，爱丽丝感到宽慰。
Alice felt relieved to see a car approaching. (形容词)
2．当司机微笑着让她搭车时，她松了一口气。
When the driver with a smile offered a ride to her, she gasped with relief. (介词短语)
3．爱丽丝终于上车了，一种温暖和解脱交织的感觉涌上心头。
Alice finally got in the car, and a mixture of warmth and relief flooded over her ．(名词作主语)
4．爱丽丝到了她办公室所在的高楼。她如释重负地松了口气。(一句多译)
Alice reached the tall building where her office was. She breathed a sigh of relief ．(简单句)
→ Reaching the tall building where her office was, Alice breathed a sigh of relief. (非谓语动词作状语)
5．当她感谢陌生人的帮助时，感激的泪水涌出了她的眼睛，但他只是暖暖地一笑。
Tears of appreciation welled up in her eyes as she thanked the stranger for his help, but he just smiled warmly ．(副词)
6．她在寒冷的日子里感到了温暖，相信处处都有好心人。
She felt warm in the cold day ， and believed there was kindness in every corner.(形容词)
第二步：将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵，注意使用合适的过渡衔接词汇
Alice felt relieved to see a car approaching. When the driver with a smile offered a ride to her, she gasped with relief. Alice finally got in the car, and a mixture of warmth and relief flooded over her. Reaching the tall building where her office was, Alice breathed a sigh of relief. Tears of appreciation welled up in her eyes as she thanked the stranger for his help, but he just smiled warmly. She felt warm in the cold day, and believed there was kindness in every corner.
强化训练[3]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·八省联考)
Jim Johnson, a mail carrier, was an institution in the leafy Westmoreland, Westhaven and Westover Hills neighborhoods, just north of downtown Wilmington, where he delivered much more than the mail.He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he took note of unlocked doors, offered gardening advice, and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball.When he wasn't doing all that, Jim was running across a checkerboard of green lawns(草坪) to ensure the local postal service did not fall short of its daily promise.
Though the postal service is often disparaged now, the trust in local postal service lives on.In many communities, that trust is won every day when life saving medicine, greeting cards, social security checks, college acceptance letters—even the bills—appear in mailboxes in front of the houses.
After more than three decades, Jim approached his final days on the job much like any other.He drove a boxy postal truck to North DuPont Road for the first unofficial stop of the day.Butch, a dog who belonged to one of the neighbors, was waiting just like every day before.And just like every day before, he got into the jump seat and they were off.On the route, Jim and Butch had become inseparable.Now, the dog and the mailman would ride off to retirement together.At every stop, Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own.There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memories.
It's been 33 years since Jim left the route, but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier.That's what the postal service means to us.
语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了邮递员吉姆·约翰逊在工作中热心帮助邻里，与大家建立了深厚感情，在他退休33年后，作者依然记得他，表达了对他的怀念。
1．What do we know about Jim Johnson from the first paragraph
A．He's open minded.
B．He's sharp eyed.
C．He's warm hearted.
D．He's strong willed.
解析：C　推理判断题。根据第一段中“He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he took note of unlocked doors, offered gardening advice, and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball.When he wasn't doing all that, Jim was running across a checkerboard of green lawns (草坪) to ensure the local postal service did not fall short of its daily promise.(他知道所有孩子和他们宠物的名字；他把杂货搬进来；他注意到那些没锁的门，提供园艺方面的建议，还教了几个小男孩曲球的艺术。当他不做这些事情的时候，吉姆会跑过棋盘状的绿色草坪，以确保当地的邮政服务不会达不到每天的承诺。)”可推知，吉姆·约翰逊是一个热心肠的人。故选C。
2．What does the underlined word “disparaged” in paragraph 2 mean
A.Refused. B．Criticized.
C．Investigated. D．Suspended.
解析：B　词句猜测题。根据画线单词句“Though the postal service is often disparaged now, the trust in local postal service lives on.(虽然邮政服务现在经常disparaged，但人们对当地邮政服务的信任仍然存在。)”可知，前后句是转折关系，后半句说对当地邮政服务的信任依然存在，那么前半句应该是说邮政服务现在常被批评，由此表明，邮政服务经常被看不起或批评。由此可知，画线词disparaged与“Criticized(批评)”意思相近。故选B。
3．What did Jim do besides daily delivery on his final days of work
A．He drove Butch to its owner.
B．He sent presents to his friends.
C．He prepared a retirement party.
D．He said goodbye to the neighbors.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据第三段中“At every stop, Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own.There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memories.(每到一站，吉姆都会接受那些已经成为他自己的家人的告别祝福。有泪水，有欢笑，有充满温暖回忆的拥抱。)”可知，吉姆在工作的最后几天除了每天送货外，还向邻居们告别。故选D。
4．What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A．To remember a respected mail carrier.
B．To record an unforgettable experience.
C．To raise funds for the postal service.
D．To call for harmony in the community.
解析：A　推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“It's been 33 years since Jim left the route, but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier.That's what the postal service means to us.(吉姆离开这条路线已经33年了，但我们仍然记得社区和邮递员之间建立的深厚联系。这就是邮政服务对我们的意义。)”可知，文章主要讲述了吉姆·约翰逊这位邮递员在工作中热心帮助邻里，与大家建立了深厚感情，在他退休33年后，作者依然记得他，表达了对他的怀念。由此推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是纪念一位受人尊敬的邮递员。故选A。
B
(2025·江苏常州联盟检测)
Olivia Munn's 22 month old son, Malcolm, is shining in class! The mother posted a new video of her teaching him Mandarin (普通话) before bedtime, and he nailed it!
“Chinese lessons，” she captioned (标注字幕) a video of herself and Malcolm reading a book together before bedtime. Standing beside his mom, Malcolm joined in as she pronounced the Mandarin words, repeating them back in his adorable little voice, followed by a smile and a hug for her. In the background, someone can be heard saying “Aww！”， likely his dad, John Mulaney. Malcolm appeared to be very proud of himself, and he looked absolutely adorable!
In her caption, Munn explained that the book was a gift from comedian Ali Wong. “Thank you @aliwong for our First 100 Mandarin Words book! Malcolm loves it！” she said.
This video went viral. Actress Melanie Lynskey commented, “The love！！” Whitney Cummings commented, “My heart.” “Growing up multilingual (多语种的) is a magical gift，” one person said, “I'll always be grateful for my mother insisting on speaking Arabic to us & giving us lessons.” Another person commented, “I love this family so much and it's definitely the cutest family I've ever seen.”
The mother frequently shares aspects of Malcolm's Asian root with him. They cook noodles together for Lunar New Year and visit an Asian market called H Mart. Now he's also picking up Mandarin, which is absolutely charming.
In her latest video, Munn is reading My First Mandarin Words with Gordon & LiLi, written by Michele Wong. The official Gordon and Li Li account commented, “This is the sweetest! We're so happy your little guy is having FUN learning Mandarin with Gordon & Li Li! Big thanks to @aliwong for sharing the Mandarin love！”
语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Olivia Munn教她的儿子学习普通话的故事。
5．What is the likely meaning of the underlined phrase “nailed it”？
A．Got a rich reward.
B．Hit the nail hard.
C．Messed things up.
D．Did a fantastic job.
解析：D　词句猜测题。根据前文“The mother posted a new video of her teaching him Mandarin (普通话) before bedtime(这位母亲上传了一段睡前教儿子普通话的新视频)”和第二段“Standing beside his mom, Malcolm joined in as she pronounced the Mandarin words, repeating them back in his adorable little voice, followed by a smile and a hug for her.(Malcolm站在妈妈身边，跟着妈妈念普通话，用他可爱的小声音重复了一遍，然后笑了笑，拥抱了她。)”可知，她的儿子学习普通话学得很好，说明画线词的意思是“做得非常好”，和“Did a fantastic job(做得非常出色)”意思相近。故选D。
6．What is the second paragraph mainly about
A．A bedtime story.
B．An interactive scene.
C．An amusing dad.
D．A reading competition.
解析：B　主旨大意题。根据第二段“‘Chinese lessons，’ she captioned (标注字幕) a video of herself and Malcolm reading a book together before bedtime. Standing beside his mom, Malcolm joined in as she pronounced the Mandarin words, repeating them back in his adorable little voice, followed by a smile and a hug for her. In the background, someone can be heard saying ‘Aww！’， likely his dad, John Mulaney. Malcolm appeared to be very proud of himself, and he looked absolutely adorable！(‘中文课，’她在一段自己和Malcolm睡前一起读书的视频中写道。Malcolm站在妈妈身边，跟着妈妈念普通话，用他可爱的小声音重复了一遍，然后笑了笑，拥抱了她。在背景中，可以听到有人说：‘哇！’，很可能是他的父亲John Mulaney。Malcolm似乎非常自豪，他看起来非常可爱！)”可知，第二段主要告诉我们一个宝宝和妈妈学习普通话的互动场景。故选B。
7．What information can we gather about the video from paragraph 4
A．It is well received.
B．It is full of imagination.
C．It changes the way of parenting.
D．It inspires people to learn language.
解析：A　推理判断题。根据第四段“I love this family so much and it's definitely the cutest family I've ever seen.(我非常喜欢这个家庭，这绝对是我见过的最可爱的家庭。)”可知，这个视频很受欢迎，故选A。
8．Why is Malcolm exposed to Asian culture
A．To learn how to shop.
B．To get to know his origin.
C．To prepare for an Asian trip.
D．To develop his independence.
解析：B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The mother frequently shares aspects of Malcolm's Asian root with him. They cook noodles together for Lunar New Year and visit an Asian market called H Mart. Now he's also picking up Mandarin, which is absolutely charming.(这位母亲经常和他分享Malcolm的亚洲血统。他们在农历新年一起煮面条，并参观了一家名为H Mart的亚洲市场。现在他也在学习普通话，这绝对是迷人的。)”可知，Malcolm通过接触亚洲文化来了解自己的出身。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·湖北腾云联盟高三联考)
When you left us, it was the end of a long, painful road. Since then, I was 1. my favorite memories of you.
I remember us taking our family dog for walks together on the 2. sand dunes (沙丘). I remember sitting on your knee, watching candlelight 3. inside. Once I bought you a gift—a 4. printed on a glass board, titled “Walking With Grandpa”． 5. ， you wrote me your own poem, too. I imagine how you must have taken time finding the right words, how you printed it out and cut the paper to 6. before placing it in the frame.
However, Alzheimer began its 7. through your life. In your last few days of life, I was 8. when sitting by your bedside silently, feeling very worried and afraid. I didn't know what to do or how to 9. ．
Now, I am an adult, I wish I had been 10. — that I had come close to you and told you how deeply I loved you, and how you filled the 11. which was the absence of my father in those 10 years of my life, so that I didn't realize anything was 12. . It's only now that I am aware that when I 13. a relationship with my father, the reason why he fell short of 14. is that he wasn't you. I really hope you know how much you 15. to me.
语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者回忆与祖父在一起的时光以及对作者的影响。
1．A.reflecting on　　　　　B．searching for
C．taking over D．setting up
解析：A　句意：从那时起，我一直在回忆我对你最美好的回忆。A.reflecting on回忆，反思；B.searching for搜寻；C.taking over接管；D.setting up建立。根据下文中的“I remember us taking our family dog for walks together on the 2 sand dunes (沙丘).”可知，作者记得带着狗一起散步的场景，由此可推断，此处指的是作者“回顾”过去美好的日子。故选A项。
2．A.messy B．rainy
C．towering D．burning
解析：C　句意：我记得我们带着家里的狗一起在高耸的沙丘上散步。A.messy混乱的；B.rainy多雨的；C.towering高耸的；D.burning燃烧的。根据下文中的“sand dunes (沙丘)”可知，修饰沙丘使用“高耸的”符合语境。故选C项。
3．A.increase B．dance
C．foil D．produce
解析：B　句意：我记得坐在你的膝盖上，看着烛光在里面跳舞。A.increase增加；B.dance跳舞；C.foil挫败；D.produce生产。根据上文中的“watching candlelight”以及选项，可知，看着烛光应该是“跳舞”符合语境。故选B项。
4．A.story B．book
C．picture D．poem
解析：D　句意：有一次，我给你买了一份礼物——一首写在玻璃板上的诗，标题是《与爷爷同行》。A.story故事；B.book书籍；C.picture图片；D.poem诗。根据下文中的“you wrote me your own poem, too”可知，祖父也写了一首诗送给作者，由此可推断，此处应该是首“诗”符合语境。故选D项。
5．A.After all B．In return
C．By accident D．On earth
解析：B　句意：作为回报，你也给我写了你自己的诗。A.After all毕竟；B.In return作为回报；C.By accident偶然；D.On earth究竟。根据上文中的“I bought you a gift”与下文中的“you wrote me your own poem, too”可知，作者给祖父买了一件礼物，祖父也写了首诗，此处应指的是“作为回报”符合语境。故选B项。
6．A.edge B．length
C．size D．side
解析：C　句意：我想象你一定花了很多时间找到合适的词，你是如何把它打印出来，裁成合适的尺寸，然后把它放在相框里的。A.edge边缘；B.length长度；C.size尺寸；D.side一边，一侧。根据上文中的“cut the paper”以及下文中的“before placing it in the frame”可知，把纸放进相框里应该是裁成合适的“尺寸”符合语境。故选C项。
7．A.direction B．harm
C．procedure D．march
解析：D　句意：然而，阿尔茨海默病开始在你的生活中肆虐。A.direction方向；B.harm伤害；C.procedure过程；D.march行进。根据上文中的“Alzheimer began”可知，祖父患上了阿尔茨海默病，结合下文中的“through your life”可知，此处使用“行进”更形象的表达是阿尔茨海默病在祖父生活中肆意蔓延。故选D项。
8．A.frightened B．humble
C．frozen D．cautious
解析：C　句意：在你生命的最后几天里，我安静地呆呆地坐在你的床边，感到非常担心和害怕。A.frightened害怕的；B.humble谦逊的；C.frozen惊呆的，一动不动的；D.cautious谨慎的。根据上文中的“In your last few days of life”可知，祖父到了生命的尽头，结合下文中的“feeling very worried and afraid”可知，因为担心和害怕，作者“呆呆的”坐在祖父床边。故选C项。
9．A.say B．act
C．do D．move
解析：B　句意：我不知道该做什么，该怎么做事。A.say说话；B.act行动，做事；C.do做；D.move移动。根据上文中的“when sitting by your bedside silently, feeling very worried and afraid”可知，作者静静地坐在床边，不知道做什么，也不知道怎么“做事”符合语境。故选B项。
10．A.brave B．grateful
C．energetic D．patient
解析：A　句意：现在，我是一个成年人了，我希望我当时能勇敢一点——我能走到你身边，告诉你我爱你有多深，你是如何填补了我生命中那10年里父亲不在我身边的空白，这样我就不会意识到我失去了什么。A.brave勇敢的；B.grateful感激的；C.energetic精力旺盛的；D.patient耐心的。根据下文中的“that I had come close to you and told you how deeply I loved you”可知，作者希望自己当时能走近祖父，告诉祖父自己有多么地爱他，由此可知，此处应是希望自己当时“勇敢”一点。故选A项。
11．A.room B．need
C．life D．hole
解析：D　句意：同上。A.room房间，空间；B.need需要；C.life生活，生命；D.hole空缺的地方。根据下文中的“which was the absence of my father in those 10 years of my life”可知，祖父填补了父亲不在的这十年的生活，所以此处指的是“空缺的地方”符合语境。故选D项。
12．A.puzzling B．boring
C．missing D．discouraging
解析：C　句意：同10题。A.puzzling令人迷茫的；B.boring无聊的；C.missing丢失的；D.discouraging令人丧气的。根据上文中的“how you filled the 11 which was the absence of my father in those 10 years of my life”可知，在父亲缺席的这十年，由于祖父的陪伴，作者没有觉得自己有什么东西是“丢失的”。故选C项。
13．A.had B．sought
C．enjoyed D．continued
解析：B　句意：直到现在我才意识到，当我寻求与父亲的关系时，他之所以没有达到我的期望，是因为他不是你。A.had有；B.sought寻找；C.enjoyed享受；D.continued继续。根据下文中的“a relationship with my father”以及“the reason why he fell short of 14 is that he wasn't you”可知，作者此处提到发现父亲不是祖父，由此可推断，此处应指的是作者在“寻求”与父亲的关系。故选B项。
14．A.performances B．targets
C．demands D．expectations
解析：D　句意：同上。A.performances表演；B.targets目标；C.demands需求；D.expectations期望。根据下文中的表语从句“that he wasn't you”可知，此处指的是作者与父亲在一起时，发现父亲不能像祖父那样，所以，此处解释作者的父亲达不到作者的“期望”的原因，此处说明祖父对作者影响很大。故选D项。
15．A.mean B．treasure
C．count D．value
解析：A　句意：我真的希望你知道你对我有多重要。A.mean意味着；B.treasure珍藏；C.count计数；D.value器重。根据上文中的“It's only now that I am aware that when I 13 a relationship with my father, the reason why he fell short of 14 is that he wasn't you.”可知，祖父对作者的影响很大，作者用与祖父在一起的标准衡量父亲，所以此处指的是作者希望祖父知道，祖父对他有多重要，“how much you mean to me”意为“你对我有多重要”。故选A项。
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2025·石家庄市质检)
Michael and Greg were brothers and they lived in a family with a tight budget.They both missed the field trip last year because they could not cover the extra fee.This year, Michael's class would arrange a field trip to the city museum and he really wanted to go.So he was trying to earn some pocket money.
On this cold autumn morning, Michael gathered the last of the leaves into a small pile.There weren't even enough to jump in.“Mom and Dad are never going to pay me for gathering this little bit of leaves.” “What are you talking about？” Greg asked, walking up behind him.“I'm trying to do some housework so I can make enough money to cover my field trip to the city museum, but there's nothing to do around here.” Michael sighed and looked around.
“You could offer to wash Mom and Dad's cars，” Greg said.
Michael's face lit up.“That's a great idea.”
“I bet some of the neighbors would pay you to wash theirs, too.It's getting colder and no one wants to wash the cars themselves.” Greg looked his brother in the eye.
Michael nodded.The air was cold.He shivered (打寒战) at the thought of washing cars and getting wet in this cold weather.“Maybe this isn't a good idea.”
Greg placed his hand on Michael's shoulder.“I have some golf gloves that are designed for wet, cold weather.I'll loan you a pair, and I'll even help you wash the cars.” “Really You'd help me and let me keep the money？” “Sure.Golf season is over.I won't need the extra cash for a while.” Greg disappeared inside the house.
Michael asked his parents if he could wash their cars for a small fee.When they agreed, he asked some neighbors, too.Three more agreed.Michael got a bucket, some sponges (海绵), towels and soap.Greg came back outside with the gloves.“Here you go.They'll keep your hands warm and dry.” “Thanks.” Michael still couldn't believe his brother was helping him earn the money like this.He had to think of a way to repay him.
注意：1.续写词数应为 150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应的位置作答。
With these tools, Michael started to work.
　　To Michael's surprise, he found he earned more money than expected.
【写作提示】
故事人物 迈克尔、格雷格
故事梗概 两兄弟迈克尔和格雷格因家庭经济拮据错过了去年的实地考察活动，因此迈克尔想方设法赚钱以支付今年的活动费用。格雷格给出了洗车赚钱的建议，并借给迈克尔用来洗车的防水保暖手套等工具。
续写要点 第一段：1.描写在格雷格的帮助下，两人一起洗车的场景；2.描写迈克尔回家后查看挣了多少钱。 第二段：1.描写迈克尔在发现赚的钱比预期的要多之后的惊讶和惊喜的情绪；2.迈克尔用多余的钱邀请格雷格一同去参加活动作为回报。
参考范文：
With these tools, Michael started to work.It was freezing cold and the winter wind stung Michael's face.Fortunately, he didn't have to wet his hands while washing the cars.Otherwise, he wouldn't have made it in such a harsh situation.As he was spreading soap over the wheels, Greg came to help.He grabbed the towel and started to dry the car, speeding up the washing a lot.One car after another, Michael started to feel the warmth sweeping over his body and sweat even hung over his forehead with the last car done.Michael and Greg came back to the house and Michael counted the bills.
To Michael's surprise, he found he earned more money than expected.Then Greg asked, “Do you have enough for that field trip？” “Yeah.” Michael smiled and a better idea struck him.Michael winked at Greg，“I think the money is enough for both of us this year！” Greg couldn't believe his ears and opened his eyes wide.“You mean the two of us for the field trip？” he asked with his jaw dropping.“Yep！” Michael said with a proud voice.The brothers were wild with joy, for they could finally enjoy a field trip together, which would witness the love of the two brothers.

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