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Unit 5　A delicate world
(主题语境类型：人与自然；话题：人类生存、社会发展与环境的关系；话题涉及教材其他内容：必修第一册 Unit 5 Into the wild；必修第一册 Unit 6 At one with nature；必修第二册 Unit 6 Earth first；必修第三册 Unit 6 Disaster and hope；选择性必修第一册 Unit 5 Revealing nature；选择性必修第一册 Unit 6 Nurturing nature)
根据汉语提示或所提供的单词完成语篇，核对答案并背诵，以此串联高中3000＋词！(黑体部分是本单元词汇)。
In recent years, people's 1. awareness (aware) of environmental protection has improved 2. dramatically (dramatic). The natural 3. habitats (栖息地) of many 4. endangered (endanger) animals have been effectively protected and their numbers 5. have multiplied (multiply). The government has increased legal publicity, reduced the phenomenon of 6. hunting (hunt) animals with poisons or 7. traps (trap), and banned the trade of wild animals, 8. which has decreased the spread of infectious 9. viruses (病毒). All in all, owing 10. to the government's 11. intervention (intervene), biological diversity is being maintained. The situation of 12. harmonious (harmony) coexistence between mankind and animals is emerging constantly. Due to the 13. vast (广大的) area of China and the continuous development of Chinese cities, people's invasion to animal habitats will continue 14. to occur (occur), and the 15. conservation of wildlife (野生动物保护) still has 16. a long way to go.
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——我会认
1．halfway adj. 中间的，半途的
2．heritage n. 遗产；传统
3．penguin n. 企鹅
4．rat n. 大老鼠
5．vegetation n. 植物， 草木(总称)
6．erosion n. 侵蚀
7．virus n. 病毒
8．immunity n． 免疫力
9．substantial adj. 大量的，多的
10．postscript n. 附言
11．pest n. 有害小动物；害虫
12．ecology n. 生态
13．dissolve v. (使)溶解
14．nutrient n. 养分，营养物
15．visual adj. 视觉的
16．session n. 一段时间
17．status n. 地位；身份
18．criterion n. 标准，准则
19．prosper v. 兴旺，发达
20．biological adj. 生物的，与生物有关的
21．altitude n. 海拔(高度)
22．thrive v. 茁壮成长
23．fossil n. 化石
24．elsewhere adv. 在别处
25．coexist v. 共存，共处
Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写
1. habitat n．栖息地
2. appetite n．胃口，食欲
3. multiply v．(使)大大增加，(使)倍增
4. chaos n．大混乱；紊乱
5. decrease v．(使)变小，(使)减少
6. trap n．夹子，陷阱
7. collapse v．倒坍；塌下
8. owe v．应该做；对…… 负有……的义务
9. incident n．事件
10. rare adj.稀有的，罕见的
11. vast adj.巨大的；广大的
单词拼写
1．(2024·新课标全国Ⅱ卷) Walkers are sure to learn lots about the habitats (栖息地) and natural world of the Blackstairs.
2．(2024·新课标全国Ⅱ卷) As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my appetite (食欲) quite like Italy.
3．(2023·新课标全国Ⅰ卷) You'll hear these participants' stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps (陷阱) they encountered that you should avoid.
4．(2023·浙江卷) During the cookout I told my hosts about the hummingbird incident (事件).
5．With the introduction of the new machine, our production has greatly multiplied (大大增加).
6．It was reported that heavy snow had caused total chaos (大混乱) on the roads.
Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变
1. dramatically adv.显著地；戏剧性地→ dramatic adj.戏剧性的； 突然的→ drama n．戏剧
2. subsequently adv.后来；随后→ subsequent adj.随后的；后来的→ subsequence n．随后发生的事；后果
3. conservation n．保护→ conserve vt.保存→ conservative adj. 保守的；守旧的
4. departure n．离开→ depart v．离开；出发
5. explode v．突然增加→ explosion n．爆炸，爆发
6. intervention n．干预；介入→ interfere v．干涉，介入
7. comparison n．比较→ compare v. 比较；对比
8. mysterious adj.神秘的→ mystery n．神秘之事；神秘
9. apparently adv.据说；看来；似乎→ apparent adj.显然的；表面上的
10. variation n．差异；变化→ vary v．(形状等)不同；改变→ various adj.各种各样的→ variety n．多样性；多变性
11. endangered adj.濒临灭绝的→ endanger vt.危及；使遭到危险→ danger n. 危险
12. invasion n．涌入→ invade vt.侵略，涌入
13. secure adj.稳固的；安全的→ security n．安全；安全性，保证
14. greeting n．问候；招呼→ greet vt.欢迎；致敬
[语境活用]——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Some natural mysteries of the ancient times are still mysterious to people today. (mystery)
2．Entering a supermarket, I was warmly greeted by the greengrocer. His cheery greetings made me feel at home. (greet)
3．A bomb exploded in the market. The explosion was heard a mile away. (explode)
4．We'll depart at 2200 LT tomorrow, so you should deliver them on board before our departure ．(depart)
5．Do you know of any other endangered animals Why are they in danger ？ (danger)
6．If you compare the buildings between London and New York, you can see the tallest buildings in London are small in comparison with the skyscrapers in New York. (compare)
7．There is a great variety of choices and brands and the price varies according to the store and various periods of the year. (various)
8．To make sure our personal computer is as secure as possible, we should use the security software. (secure)
Ⅳ.重点短语——我牢记
1. take over 占据；占领
2. lead to 导致
3. die out 灭绝
4. turn out 结果是；证明是
5. break down 分解；出故障
6. result in 导致，带来
7. in harmony with 与……一致/和谐相处
8. in turn 反过来；轮流
9. out of control 失去控制
e up with 想出；提出
11. on behalf of 代表
12. in return 作为回报
[语境活用]——选用上述短语填空
1．Nobody thought that he had turned out a great inventor.
2．Tony came up with the idea for the study while attending a long lecture.
3．During arguments, that feeling can get out of control ．
4．The telephone system has broken down after the heavy rain.
5．This, in turn ， puts them at higher risk of AIDS.
6．As a result, these endangered animals may even die out ．
1.以后缀“ (t)ure”结尾的名词
①depart v．离开→departure n．离开
②fail v．失败→failure n．失败
③please v．使高兴→pleasure n．高兴
④expose v．暴露→exposure n．暴露
⑤create v．创造→creature n．生物
2．变on为a构成复数的名词
①criterion→criteria标准，准则
②phenomenon→phenomena 现象
3．“代表”聚会
①on behalf of 代表
②stand for 代表；表示
③represent v. 代表
④representative n．代表
⑤delegate n．代表
1.The green grass and bare rock of its landscape contrast dramatically，giving it a wild and natural beauty．
绿草和光秃秃的岩石形成的景观反差巨大，使海岛呈现出一种狂野和天然的美。
【考点凝练】现在分词短语作结果状语
2．Nor would they fail to imagine how its native inhabitants, including royal penguins, king penguins, and elephant seals, existed in perfect harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years.
他们也不会想象不到，几千年来，这里的土著居民，包括皇家企鹅、王企鹅和象海豹，是如何与它们的自然栖息地和谐共存的。
【考点凝练】nor置于句首引起的部分倒装
3．This incident made it clear that the rat, mouse and rabbit problem needed solving once and for all.
这一事件清楚地表明，大鼠、小鼠和兔子泛溢的问题需要一次彻底的解决。
【考点凝练】make＋it＋adj.＋that从句
4．What is special about the honey is that it is produced by the earliest species of Chinese bee.
这种蜂蜜的特殊之处在于它是由中国最早的蜜蜂酿造的。
【考点凝练】what引导主语从句
[语境活用] ——经典句式仿写
1．他的父母死了，留给他很多钱。(现在分词短语作结果状语)
His parents died, leaving him a lot of money .
2．她不会说这种语言，也不会写这种语言。(nor置于句首引起的部分倒装)
She couldn't speak the language, nor could she write it .
3．首先，我要表明的是，我并不反对太空计划。(make＋it＋adj.＋that从句)
First of all, I want to make it clear that I am not against the space program.
4．你需要的是一个允许你犯错的好老师。(what引导主语从句)
What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes.
核 心 词 汇
1．decrease v．(使)减少；(使)变小n.减少
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)The number of boarders of the school has decreased to three hundred.
(2)Last year witnessed a distinct decrease in turnover of this company.
归纳拓展
·decrease (from...) to...(从……)减少到……
decrease by...降低了……
decrease in...在……方面减少，减小，下降
·on the decrease在减少
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(3)据报道，由于智能手机的问世，看杂志的人数在减少。
It is reported that as a result of the appearance of smartphones the number of people who read magazines is on the decrease ．
2．trap n．夹子； 陷阱vt.使陷入困境
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)The bomb exploded, trapping (trap) victims in the building.
(2)Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped (trap) in powerless high rise buildings.
(3)Don't fall into the trap of thinking you can learn a foreign language without doing any work.
归纳拓展
·trap sb. into (doing) sth.使某人陷入(做)某事的圈套；使某人中计
trap sb. in把某人困在……中
·fall into the trap of doing sth.落入做某事的圈套
set/lay a trap for...为……设圈套/陷阱
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)Because he had been trapped in the traffic, he was late for school.
→ Trapped in the traffic ， he was late for school.(过去分词短语作状语)
3．owe v．欠(账、钱、人情等)；归因于……；归功于……；应给予
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)My English teacher is such a great soul, to whom I owe many thanks.
(2)We owe it to you to complete (complete) this job，so we hope you make efforts to help us.
(3)Apparently, owing (owe) to the bad weather, this morning's flight will be delayed.
归纳拓展
·owe sb.sth.＝owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物；把……归功于……
owe it to sb.that.../to do...把……归功于某人
·owing to由于
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)Because of my lack of experience, I didn't do the work well.
→ Owing to my lack of experience, I didn't do the work well.
(5)我无法和你去旅行，应该向你道歉。
I owe an apology to you for being unable to travel with you.
4．comparison n．比较；对比
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)(2024·全国甲卷)My childhood is quite happy compared (compare) with hers.
(2)They were living well, in comparison (compare) with people elsewhere in the world.
(3)We in China also like to compare young people to flowers, as they are full of vigor and new ideas.
归纳拓展
·in comparison with 与……相比较
beyond comparison无与伦比
·compared to/with和……相比
compare...to...把……比作……
compare...to/with... 把……和……比较
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)与其他器官相比，人类的心脏是否虚弱？
Is the human heart weak in comparison with the other organs
(5)她是一个非常漂亮的女孩。她的容貌无与伦比。
She is very beautiful girl. Her looks are beyond comparison ．
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)Apparently，the girl is dying to participate (participate) in the English Contest.
(2)I hear you are dying for some advice on how to make friends.
(3)The rare bird died out hundreds of years ago.
(4)According to statistics, a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer as a woman.
归纳拓展
·die away(声音、风、光线等)渐息；渐弱
die of死于(疾病、衰老、饥饿、悲伤等自身原因)
die from死于(意外等外部原因)
·(be)dying to极想；渴望
be dying for sth.渴望/想要某物
注意：表示“渴望”的短语还有：long for，long to do，be hungry for，be thirsty for，desire to do，be keen to do，be eager to do，be anxious to do等。
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(5)他渴望回到他的祖国。
① He is dying to return to his motherland. (dying)
② He is anxious to return to his motherland. (anxious)
③ He is longing to return to his motherland. (longing)
④ He is eager to return to his motherland. (eager)
⑤ He is keen to return to his motherland. (keen)
6．out of control 失去控制；无法管理
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)You ought to keep your appetite under control when you are angry.
(2)Students are encouraged to take control of their own learning, rather than just depending on the teacher.
归纳拓展
·in control of 控制……
in the control of由……控制；被……控制
under control在控制之中
out of control 失去控制
beyond control 无法控制
·lose control of 失去对……的控制
take control of 控制……
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(3)They were in control of the southern side of the mountain.
→The southern side of the mountain was in the control of them.
(4)He tried to brake the car，but it was beyond control.→He tried to brake the car，but it was out of control ．
→He tried to brake the car，but he lost control of it.
重 点 句 型
1．否定副词位于句首引起的倒装句
Nor would they fail to imagine how its native inhabitants, including royal penguins, king penguins, and elephant seals, existed in perfect harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years.
他们也不会不去想象岛上的土著居民，包括皇家企鹅、王企鹅和象海豹，数千年来是如何与它们的自然栖息地和谐共存的。
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)Bernard returned with an empty basket and never before had he earned so much money in his life.
归纳拓展
否定副词置于句首，要用部分倒装语序，即把谓语动词的一部分(助动词、情态动词或be动词)提到主语之前。这类否定词或含有否定意义的短语主要有：no，not, never, little, hardly, seldom，scarcely, barely, not until, neither...nor...，not only...but also...，no sooner...than..., hardly...when...，in no sense，in no way，in no case，by no means，on no account, at no time，under no circumstances等。
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(2)I hardly think it possible to finish the work before dark.
→ Hardly do I think it possible to finish the work before dark.
(3)直到最近他们才鼓励农村地区发展与旅游相关的活动。
① Not until recently did they encourage the development of tourist related activities in the rural areas.(倒装句)
② They didn't encourage the development of tourist related activities in the rural areas until recently.(简单句)
③ It was not until recently that they encouraged the development of tourist related activities in the rural areas.(强调句)
2．make＋it＋adj.＋that从句
This incident made it clear that the rat, mouse and rabbit problem needed solving once and for all.
这一事件清楚地表明，大鼠、小鼠和兔子泛滥的问题需要一劳永逸地解决。
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)She made it clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself elsewhere.
(2)My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside，no matter the weather or season.
(3)He is stubborn, which makes it no use quarrelling (quarrel) with him about it.
归纳拓展
句型make＋it＋adj.＋that从句，其中it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语是后面的从句。
·make＋it＋adj./n.＋that从句
·make＋it＋ adj./n.＋(for sb.) to do不定式
·make＋ it＋ no good/no use...＋doing sth.
常用于这种句型的动词还有：think，consider，find，feel等。
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)然后我代表公司特意参加了那些会议，并尽我所能地学习。
I then made it a point to attend those meetings on behalf of my company and learn all I could.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Since he is often ignored by his colleagues, he rarely (rare) has the opportunity to show his ability.
2．It's apparently (apparent) rare for it to be this hot in April.
3．The Beatles were described as a British invasion (invade) by local and nationwide newspapers at that time.
4．A board inside the airport shows arrivals and departures (depart).
5．By now, the number of the workers in that factory has decreased by 12 percent.
6．By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious (mystery) world where I am now a new character.
7．Those trapped (trap) in the burning building managed to escape before the roof collapsed (collapse).
8．It is difficult to make a comparison (compare) with her previous book—there are wide variations (vary) caused by different cultural background.
9．With further heavy financial intervention (intervene) developed, the number of homeless people has reduced dramatically (drama).
10．This is the story of wildlife conservation (conserve) in an age when the endangered (endanger) wildlife is on the decrease.
Ⅱ.语境辨义练
一词多义练/熟词生义练
1．trap
A.n.陷阱　B．vt.使困住　C．n.圈套；诡计　D．vt.诱骗
(1)Some miners were trapped underground after the collapse. B
(2)Were you just going to trap her into making the decision D
(3)The only thing the wolf could do was climb up to the ground from the trap． A
(4)The police set a trap to catch the thief. C
2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)It is possible to multiply these bacteria in the laboratory. (使)繁殖；增殖
(2)He is not anything like his twin sister who is outgoing and has a strong appetite for success.
强烈欲望
Ⅰ.话题微写作(运用单元知识，在真实任务情境中提高语言综合运用能力)
假设你是李华，你校将举办主题为“How to Protect Wild Animals”的英语演讲比赛，你将参加此比赛，请你用英文写一篇演讲稿。
1．大家早上好！ 我很荣幸站在这里给大家做一个简短的演讲。
Good morning, everyone! It's my honour to stand here and give you a short speech.
2．毫无疑问，由于人类活动，许多濒危野生动物正面临灭绝。(owing to; endangered; die out)
There is no doubt that many endangered wild animals are facing dying out owing to human activities.
3．正如我们所知，善待动物就是善待自己，因此应该采取以下措施。(as引导非限制性定语从句； look after)
As is known to us, to look after animals well is to look after ourselves well, so measures of the following should be taken.
4．首先，政府应制定污染标准，以减少环境污染，并严厉打击乱捕滥猎野生动物等违法犯罪活动。(criterion)
First of all, the government should formulate pollution criteria to reduce environmental pollution, and crack down on illegal and criminal activities such as indiscriminate hunting of wild animals.
5．其次，为了与自然和谐共处，应该建立和监测野生动物保护区。(in order to; be in harmony with)
Secondly, in order to be in harmony with nature, wildlife reserves should be established and monitored.
6．此外，学校应支持并积极响应国家号召，加大宣传力度，提高学生保护野生动物的意识。(respond to)
Additionally, schools should support and actively respond to the national call, strengthen publicity and raise students' awareness of wildlife protection.
7．反过来，通过为保护野生动物作出贡献，我们才能与大自然共存。(in turn; coexist with)
In turn, by making contributions towards protecting wild animals, we can coexist with the nature.
8．感谢您的倾听！
Thanks for your listening！
[句式升级]
将第7句用倒装句式进行改写升级。
Only by making contributions towards protecting wild animals, in turn, can we coexist with the nature.
[连句成篇]
参考范文：
Good morning, everyone!
It's my honour to stand here and give you a short speech.
There is no doubt that many endangered wild animals are facing dying out owing to human activities. As is known to us, to look after animals well is to look after ourselves well, so measures of the following should be taken. First of all, the government should formulate pollution criteria to reduce environmental pollution, and crack down on illegal and criminal activities such as indiscriminate hunting of wild animals. Secondly, in order to be in harmony with nature, wildlife reserves should be established and monitored. Additionally, schools should support and actively respond to the national call, strengthen publicity and raise students' awareness of wildlife protection.
Only by making contributions towards protecting wild animals, in turn, can we coexist with the nature.
Thanks for your listening!
Ⅱ.读后续写微写作
(一)积累常诵
动作描写之“哭泣”(二)
短语 hold/fight back tears, burst into tears, cry bitter/lonely tears, be wet with tears, be in tears, be close to tears, be filled with/be full of tears, tears well up in one's eyes, tears roll/run/stream down one's cheeks
句子 ①He stood silently, tears rolling down his cheeks, while the music played. ② Bill fought back his tears and tried to comfort Sarah's mother. ③ The old song always brought tears to my eyes. ④ Her hands were shaking. She was on the verge of tears but Paul didn't realize that.
(二)语段写作
第一步：用表示“哭泣”的表达完成句子
1．听到这个消息女孩心痛如绞，她抽泣起来，哭个不停。
When the girl heard the news, her heart ached, and she started to sob, and couldn't stop crying . (简单句)
2．她痛苦地抽泣着，脸上流下了泪水。
She sobbed bitterly, with the tears streaming down her face ．(with复合结构)
3．过了一会儿她回头看他，双眼溢满了泪水。
After a while she turned round to look at him, with her eyes full of tears . (with复合结构)
4．她一张口说话，泪水再次夺眶而出。
Her tears brimmed over again as she started to speak.(简单句)
5．他忍住泪水，并试图安慰她。
He held/fought back his tears and tried to comfort her.(简单句)
6．一个小时过后，她回到自己屋中，她又哭起来了。
An hour later, when she returned to her room, she wept again ．(简单句)
7．他静静地站在她的房间外，泪水顺着脸颊淌下来。
He stood silently outside her room, tears rolling down his cheeks . (独立主格结构)
第二步：将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵，注意使用合适的过渡衔接词汇
When the girl heard the news, her heart ached, and she started to sob, and couldn't stop crying. She sobbed bitterly, with the tears streaming down her face. And after a while she turned round to look at him, with her eyes full of tears. However, her tears brimmed over again as she started to speak. He held/fought back his tears and tried to comfort her. An hour later, when she returned to her room, she wept again. He stood silently outside her room, tears rolling down his cheeks.
强化训练[29]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·晋豫名校联盟检测)
The sport of tennis has a problem with waste that many players do not even recognize each time they open a new container of game balls. Major professional tennis competitions go through nearly 100，000 balls during two weeks of play. Almost all of the 330 million balls produced each year end up in waste as garbage in landfills. Once there, it can take as long as 400 years for the balls to break down.
Tennis is incredibly environmentally destructive because the balls are not recyclable. The balls' outer soft layer, called the felt (毛毡), is strongly attached to a soft center. The felt is a combination of wool and nylon which cannot be recycled. In addition, the center of top level balls is made with rubber from rubber trees. Rubber harvesting menaces forests and biodiversity. Once the balls are produced, they are packaged in thick plastic or aluminum containers with a metal lid and a plastic panies will intentionally use non recyclable plastic because the recyclable kind will leak pressure. After the balls have been produced and packaged, they will get shipped all around the world. This series of events will release 1.2 pounds of carbon emissions per ball.
The International Tennis Federation (ITF) is a governing body of professional tennis. Last year the ITF brought together producers, tennis officials and recyclers to begin working on the tennis ball issue, looking for solutions. And some steps have been taken to reduce and reuse balls. Currently，professional players change to a new set of balls after the first seven games and then after every nine games. Individual used balls sometimes become playthings for dogs or are reused in other small ways. Huge numbers of used balls can also be crushed (碾压；捣碎) to pieces for use as building material, like flooring. However, it is a long way to go to enjoy an environment friendly tennis match.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了网球造成的环境污染问题以及目前所做的努力。
1．Why are the figures of balls listed in paragraph 1
A．To stress their harm to the environment.
B．To state disapproval of the sport rules.
C．To indicate how popular tennis is.
D．To suggest avoiding playing tennis.
解析：A　推理判断题。根据文章第一段提到“Major professional tennis competitions go through nearly 100，000 balls during two weeks of play. Almost all of the 330 million balls produced each year end up in waste as garbage in landfills. Once there, it can take as long as 400 years for the balls to break down. (在为期两周的重大职业网球比赛中，会使用近10万个球。每年生产的3.3亿个球中，几乎所有的球最终都会被当作垃圾填埋场的废物。一旦到了那里，这些球要分解可能需要长达400年的时间。)”可知，作者在第一段列出球的数字是为了强调这些球被浪费掉之后，对环境造成了极大的危害。故选A。
2．What does the underlined word “menaces” in paragraph 2 mean
A.Threatens. B．Enriches.
C．Benefits. D．Removes.
解析：A　词句猜测题。根据上文“Tennis is incredibly environmentally destructive because the balls are not recyclable. The balls' outer soft layer, called the felt (毛毡), is strongly attached to a soft center. The felt is a combination of wool and nylon which cannot be recycled. In addition, the center of top level balls is made with rubber from rubber trees. (网球对环境具有极大的破坏性，因为网球不可回收。网球外层柔软的材质被称为毛毡，它与球心紧密结合。毛毡是由羊毛和尼龙混合制成，无法回收。此外，顶级网球的球心是由橡胶树的橡胶制成。)”可知，网球是会破坏环境的，网球核是由橡胶制成的，大量砍伐橡胶树会威胁到森林和物种多样性。由此可知，menaces意为“威胁”。故选A。
3．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．Plans made for the future.
B．Efforts taken to solve the problem.
C．Organizations founded to work on the issue.
D．Resolutions adopted to improve the quality.
解析：B　主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Last year the ITF brought together producers, tennis officials and recyclers to begin working on the tennis ball issue, looking for solutions. And some steps have been taken to reduce and reuse balls. (去年，国际网球联合会将生产商、网球官员和回收商聚集在一起，开始着手解决网球球的问题，寻找解决方案。已经采取了一些措施来减少和再利用网球。)”可知，本段主要讲述为解决网球球的问题所做的努力。故选B。
4．What is the author's attitude to the future use of eco friendly tennis balls
A．Doubtful.　　　　　　B．Dismissive.
C．Objective. D．Unclear.
解析：C　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“However, it is a long way to go to enjoy an environment friendly tennis match. (然而，要享受一场环保的网球比赛还有很长的路要走。)”可推知，作者对未来使用环保网球是持客观态度的。故选C。
B
(2025·皖南八校联考)
Fire season is approaching in the massive Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge in east Alaska, where fires have long been allowed to burn unchecked unless they threaten human life and property. But as climate change increases the frequency of these fires, the land's overseers (监督者) are changing course. Working with scientists, refuge managers have designed a pilot programme to send experienced firefighting teams into remote areas to protect not people but permafrost (永久冻土).
The forests of the Denmark sized refuge cover a deep layer of permafrost—frozen ground that holds enormous quantities of carbon across the Northern Hemisphere. After fires remove vegetation and soils, however, that frozen ground often begins to melt, releasing its stores of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
New research suggests that the resulting emissions, from both the fires themselves and the subsequent permafrost melt, could be equal to those of a major global economy over the course of this century. This could effectively reduce by up to 20% the amount of carbon dioxide that humanity can emit and still meet its goal of limiting global warming to 1.5 ℃ above preindustrial levels.
A rise in fire frequency can have cascading effects (级联效应) on the ecosystem. Historically, northern forests have burnt once every 70－120 years, which gives the black spruce (黑云杉) forest that dominates the ecosystem enough time to regenerate and rebuild carbon in the soil. More frequent fires can burn ‘legacy’ carbon that has accumulated over centuries and can also kill off the black spruce. That provides an opening for leafy deciduous (落叶的) trees, which do not promote the kind of carbon rich soils that separate permafrost.
Fire control could help to put off some of these effects, buying humanity time to address the climate crisis. It could be a few decades before scientists can determine whether the effort pays off, but we have to try.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了阿拉斯加尤康平原国家野生动物保护区应对火灾的新策略，以及火灾对永久冻土和碳排放的影响。
5．How did the refuge authorities deal with fires in the past
A．They dropped firefighters by parachute.
B．They took no measures if there was no threat.
C．They protected permafrost rather than people.
D．They sent well trained pilots to remote areas.
解析：B　细节理解题。由文章第一段中“Fire season is approaching in the massive Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge in east Alaska, where fires have long been allowed to burn unchecked unless they threaten human life and property. (阿拉斯加东部大面积的育空平原国家野生动物保护区的火灾季节即将来临，长期以来，除非威胁到人类生命和财产，否则火灾一直被允许不受控制地燃烧。)”可知，在过去，如果火灾不威胁人类生命和财产，避难当局就不采取任何行动。故选B。
6．What are Paragraphs 2 and 3 mainly about
A．The effect of fires on permafrost.
B．The numbers of carbon emissions.
C．The advance of global economy.
D．The tendency of global warming.
解析：A　主旨大意题。由文章第二段“The forests of the Denmark sized refuge cover a deep layer of permafrost—frozen ground that holds enormous quantities of carbon across the Northern Hemisphere. After fires remove vegetation and soils, however, that frozen ground often begins to melt, releasing its stores of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. (这个丹麦大小的保护区的森林覆盖着一层很深的永久冻土层——整个北半球都储存着大量的碳。然而，在火灾带走植被和土壤之后，冻土往往开始融化，将其储存的二氧化碳和其他温室气体释放到大气中。)”和第三段中“New research suggests that the resulting emissions, from both the fires themselves and the subsequent permafrost melt, could be equal to those of a major global economy over the course of this century. (新的研究表明，火灾本身及其随后的永久冻土融化所导致的排放量，在本世纪内可能相当于一个主要全球经济体的排放量。)”可知，这两段主要讨论了火灾对永久冻土的影响。故选A。
7．Which is not mentioned concerning the cascading effects？
A．More emissions of greenhouse gas.
B．More destruction of black spruce.
C．The rise of leafy deciduous trees.
D．The increase in carbon rich soils.
解析：D　细节理解题。由文章第四段“A rise in fire frequency can have cascading effects (级联效应) on the ecosystem. Historically, northern forests have burnt once every 70－120 years, which gives the black spruce (黑云杉) forest that dominates the ecosystem enough time to regenerate and rebuild carbon in the soil. More frequent fires can burn ‘legacy’ carbon that has accumulated over centuries and can also kill off the black spruce. That provides an opening for leafy deciduous (落叶的) trees, which do not promote the kind of carbon rich soils that separate permafrost. (火灾频率的上升会对生态系统产生级联效应。历史上，北部森林每70至120年才会发生一次火灾，这给了以黑云杉为主的生态系统足够的时间来恢复和重建土壤中的碳。更加频繁的火灾会烧毁数百年积累下来的‘遗产’碳，还会杀死黑云杉。这为落叶树的生长提供了机会，而落叶树并不会促进那种能够隔离永久冻土的富含碳的土壤的形成。)”可知，“级联效应”中包含黑云杉的破坏、落叶树的增多。由第二段中“After fires remove vegetation and soils, however, that frozen ground often begins to melt, releasing its stores of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. (然而，在火灾带走植被和土壤之后，冻土往往开始融化，将其储存的二氧化碳和其他温室气体释放到大气中。)”可知，火灾移除植被和土壤后，冻土开始融化，释放出其储存的二氧化碳和其他温室气体到大气中。这实际上是在描述火灾(以及随后的冻土融化)导致的温室气体排放量增加，尽管没有直接用“级联效应”来标签这一过程，但这个后果是火灾频率增加后可能产生的一系列影响之一。“级联效应”中并未提到增加富含碳的土壤。故选D。
8．What does the author imply in the last paragraph
A．Addressing the climate crisis is credited to firefighting teams.
B.It is no good changing the long standing fire control policies.
C．There's still a long way to go before addressing climate crisis.
D.Our effort will definitely pay off if we protect the permafrost.
解析：C　推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“Fire control could help to put off some of these effects, buying humanity time to address the climate crisis. It could be a few decades before scientists can determine whether the effort pays off, but we have to try. (控制火灾可以帮助延缓其中一些影响，为人类解决气候危机赢得时间。科学家们可能需要几十年的时间才能确定这些努力是否有回报，但我们必须尝试。)”可知，作者认为解决气候危机还有很长的路要走。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·湖北智学联盟联考)
Since I started working here, I have often thought about the appetite for life. For three years, my companions and I have been coming to play in this 1. three days a month. We usually played in the family room but we also played in the rooms only if our presence is 2. ．
Ten months ago, I met a 3. ， Madam Signy, who I wanted to talk to you about. In her 4. ， she was a music teacher. She never stopped practicing her instrument, and she was a music lover of 5. knowledge. The first time I played for her, she 6. all the classical works. She would hum along with long passages. I had a hard time 7. that Madam Signy was seriously ill. Although she was frail and thin, I often saw a 8. passion in her eyes while listening.
One day, Madam Signy's husband pulled me aside and told me 9. that she waited eagerly for each one of our 10. and that she had expressed a desire to him: she wanted us to come and play 11. by Schubert and Haydn at the last moments of her life in this unit at her side. I 12. it personally.
Madame Signy 13. on a Sunday morning. As she 14. ， we played the works she loved. I saw the calmness and 15. on her face. I guess, to her, the appetite for life is to have an appetite for music. You know, music can never be a turn off. I feel comforted whenever I think of it.
语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在工作中遇到的一位音乐爱好者病人 Signy，她渴望在生命的最后时刻听到舒伯特和海顿的作品，作者接受了这个请求。在 Signy 去世时，作者他们按照她的愿望演奏了她喜欢的作品，看到了她脸上的平静和安宁。
1．A.room　　　　　　　B．unit
C．family D．town
解析：B　句意：三年来，我和我的伙伴们每个月都会来这个单元演奏三天。A.room房间；B.unit单元；C.family家庭；D.town城镇。根据下文“at the last moments of her life in this unit at her side”可知这里应该是说我们每月三天来到医院的这个单元演奏。故选B。
2．A.designed B．finished
C．changed D．requested
解析：D　句意：我们通常在家庭活动室演奏，但只有在被要求的情况下才会在房间里演奏。A.designed设计；B.finished完成；C.changed更改；D.requested请求。根据上文“We usually played in the family room”和表示转折意义的but可知，我们通常在家庭活动室演奏，但只有在被要求的时候才会在房间里演奏。故选D项。
3．A.patient B．nurse
C．parent D．volunteer
解析：A　句意：十个月前，我遇到了一位病人，Signy夫人，我想和你们谈谈她。A.patient病人；B.nurse护士；C.parent父母之一；D.volunteer志愿者。根据下文“Madam Signy was seriously ill”可知，她的病很严重，所以Signy夫人是一位病人。故选A。
4．A.teens B．marriage
C．youth D．childhood
解析：C　句意：年轻时，她是一名音乐老师。A.teens青少年；B.marriage婚姻；C.youth青年人；D.childhood童年。根据下文“she was a music teacher”可知，她年轻时是一位音乐老师，in one's youth为固定短语，表示“在某人年轻的时候”。故选C。
5．A.poor B．admirable
C．specific D．simple
解析：B　句意：她从未停止弹奏她的乐器，并且她是一位有着令人钦佩的音乐知识的音乐爱好者。A.poor贫穷的；B.admirable令人钦佩的；C.specific具体的；D.simple简单的。根据上文“She never stopped practicing her instrument”及下文“knowledge”可知，此处是指她是一位有着令人钦佩的音乐知识的人。故选B。
6．A.recognized B．adored
C．canceled D．interpreted
解析：A　句意：我第一次为她演奏时，她认出了所有的古典作品。A.recognized认出；B.adored崇拜；C.canceled取消；D.interpreted解释。根据下文“all the classical works”可知，她是认出了所有的古典作品，故选A。
7．A.doubting B．admitting
C．refusing D．deciding
解析：B　句意：我很难承认Signy夫人病得很重。A.doubting怀疑；B.admitting承认；C.refusing拒绝；D.deciding决定。根据上文“She would hum along with long passages.(她会跟着长长的段落哼唱。)”可知，虽然Signy夫人病得很重，但是她的状态很好，让作者难以承认她病的很重。故选B。
8．A.comforting B．puzzling
C．pleasing D．striking
解析：D　句意：虽然她身体虚弱且消瘦，但在倾听时，我常常在她的眼中看到一种惊人的热情。A.comforting令人欣慰的；B.puzzling令人费解的；C.pleasing令人愉快的；D.striking惊人的。根据上文“Although she was frail and thin”及下文“passion in her eyes while listening”可知，虽然她瘦弱，但是在她的眼中有一种惊人的热情。故选D。
9．A.loudly B．publicly
C．privately D．casually
解析：C　句意：有一天，Signy夫人的丈夫把我拉到一边，私下告诉我，她热切地期待着我们的每一次拜访，并且她向他表达了一个愿望：在她生命的最后时刻，在这个病房里，她希望我们能来到她身边演奏舒伯特和海顿的作品。A.loudly大声地；B.publicly公开地；C.privately私下；D.casually随意地。根据上文“pulled me aside and told me”可知，是把作者拉到一边，私下告诉作者。故选C。
10．A.conversations B．treatments
C．journeys D．visits
解析：D　句意：同上。A.conversations对话；B.treatments治疗；C.journeys旅程；D.visits拜访。根据上文“ For three years, my companions and I have been coming to play in this unit three days a month. ”可知，她期待着我们的拜访。故选D。
11．A.pieces B．jokes
C．copies D．records
解析：A　句意：同上。A.pieces作品；B.jokes笑话；C.copies副本；D.records唱片。根据下文“by Schubert and Haydn at the last moments of her life”可知，她希望在她生命的最后时刻，我们能为她演奏舒伯特和海顿的作品。故选A。
12．A.accepted B．declined
C．noted D．addressed
解析：A　句意：我当面接受了这件事。A.accepted接受；B.declined拒绝；C.noted注意到；D.addressed演说，处理。根据下文“we played the works she loved”可知，作者接受了为她演奏舒伯特和海顿的作品的请求。故选A。
13．A.backed away B．calmed down
C．passed away D．moved away
解析：C　句意：Signy夫人于一个星期天的早晨去世。A.backed away后退，放弃；B.calmed down冷静下来；C.passed away去世；D.moved away搬走。根据上文“at the last moments of her life”可知，Signy夫人于一个星期天的早晨去世了。故选C。
14．A.missed B．knew
C．noticed D．desired
解析：D　句意：如她所愿，我们演奏了她喜爱的作品。A.missed错过；B.knew知道；C.noticed注意到；D.desired渴望。根据下文“we played the works she loved”可知，我们演奏了她喜爱的作品，即如她所愿，且上文“she had expressed a desire to him：”是提示。故选D。
15．A.determination B．confidence
C．patience D．peacefulness
解析：D　句意：我看到了她脸上的平静和安宁。A.determination决心；B.confidence自信；C.patience耐心；D.peacefulness安宁，平静。根据上文“we played the works she loved”及“I saw the calmness and”可知，Signy夫人的心愿已了，作者在她的脸上看到了平静和安宁。故选D。
Ⅲ.七选五
(2025·南京市六校联合体期中)
How Playing Sports Benefits
Your Body and Your Brain
Many people love to celebrate victory on the playing field, cheer for their favorite teams, and play sports. But here's a question: Should we be so addicted to sports Is playing sports actually as good for us as we make it out to be, or just a fun and entertaining pastime？1.
First of all, exercising, especially when we're young, has all sorts of health benefits. It strengthens our bones, clears out bad cholesterol (胆固醇) from our arteries, and decreases the risk of stroke, high blood pressure, and diabetes. When we work out, our brains also release a number of chemicals, including endorphins (内啡肽). These natural hormones control pain and pleasure responses in the central nervous system. 2. Studies show that if you can find a sport and a team you like, there are all sorts of benefits that go beyond the physical and mental benefits of exercise alone.
In addition, commitment to a team and doing something fun can also make it easier to establish a regular habit of exercise. School sport participation has also been shown to reduce the risk of suffering from depression for up to four years.3. There are a few reasons for that. One is found in training. Just by working at skills, especially with a good coach, you develop a growth mindset within yourself, which is useful in all walks of life. 4. The experience of coming to terms with defeat can build the resilience (复原力) and self awareness necessary to manage academic, social, and physical obstacles.
Now, not everyone will enjoy every sport. But if you spend some time looking, you'll be able to find a sport that fits your individual needs.5. You'll be a part of a supportive community, you'll be building your confidence, you'll be exercising your body, and you'll be nurturing your mind.
A．What does science have to say
B．Therefore, you'll get a lot of fun.
C．They can lead to feelings of excitement.
D．And if you do, there are so many benefits.
E．And then there is learning through failure.
F．Should we get much benefit from going to the gym
G．Meanwhile, your self esteem (自尊) and confidence can get a big boost.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了运动对身体和大脑的好处。
解析：
1．A　上文“But here's a question: Should we be so addicted to sports Is playing sports actually as good for us as we make it out to be, or just a fun and entertaining pastime？(但这里有一个问题：我们应该如此沉迷于运动吗？运动真的像我们所说的那样对我们有好处，还是只是一种有趣和娱乐的消遣方式？)”提出了关于运动是否有益的两个问题。A选项“What does science have to say？(科学怎么说？)”承上启下，继续提问，引出下文关于运动好处的科学解释，与上文问题相呼应。故选A。
2．C　上文“These natural hormones control pain and pleasure responses in the central nervous system.(这些天然激素控制中枢神经系统中疼痛和快乐的反应)”讲述了运动时大脑释放的化学物质及其作用。C选项“They can lead to feelings of excitement.(它们能带来兴奋的感觉。)”中的“They”指代上文提到的“These natural hormones”，说明这些激素能带来兴奋的感觉，与上文内容紧密衔接。故选C。
3．G　上文“School sport participation has also been shown to reduce the risk of suffering from depression for up to four years.(研究表明，参与学校体育活动也可以将患抑郁症的风险降低四年。)”讲述了参与学校体育活动的好处。G选项“Meanwhile, your self esteem (自尊) and confidence can get a big boost.(与此同时，你的自尊和自信可以得到很大的提升。)”进一步说明参与体育活动还可以提升自尊和自信，与上文构成并列关系，共同阐述体育活动的好处。故选G。
4．E　上文“One is found in training. Just by working at skills, especially with a good coach, you develop a growth mindset within yourself, which is useful in all walks of life.(其中之一在于训练。仅仅通过练习技能，尤其是与一位好教练一起，你就能在自己内心培养出一种成长型思维，这对各行各业都有用)”讲述了训练中的好处。E选项“And then there is learning through failure.(然后就是通过失败来学习。)”引出另一种好处，即通过失败来学习，与上文构成并列关系，且“And then”表示递进，使文章结构更加清晰。故选E。
5．D　上文“But if you spend some time looking, you'll be able to find a sport that fits your individual needs.(但如果你花点时间寻找，你就能找到一项适合你个人需求的运动。)”讲述了找到适合自己的运动的好处。D选项“And if you do, there are so many benefits.(如果你这样做了，就会有很多好处。)”中的“if you do”指代上文“spend some time looking, you'll be able to find a sport that fits your individual needs”，说明如果这样做了，就会有很多好处，与上文内容紧密衔接，且引出下文对好处的具体阐述。故选D。
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2025·常州联盟校联考)
A tea culture salon may be the best way to experience China's tea ceremonies and culture in overseas locations.
“Tea for Harmony”cultural salon in Bath, England on Friday was aimed 1. both celebrating International Tea Day, which fell on May 21 and promising participants an opportunity 2. (experience) teas and culture from Central China's Hubei province.The 3. (represent) group from the Hubei Tea Association brought three types of tea to be enjoyed at the salon: Enshi Yulu, Yihong Black Tea, and Qingzhuan Tea.
The history of the teas on offer 4. (date) back more than 1，000 years, and the crafting techniques of Enshi Yulu and Qingzhuan Tea have become national intangible cultural heritages. Each tea was presented with its 5. (appeal) tea ceremony, where a tea master introduced its area of origin and its distinct characteristics, 6. demonstrated the particular way the tea should be prepared and appreciated.“Unique”，“delicate”and“wonderful” 7. (be) words British participants used to describe their feelings during the tea tastings.
“Tea is such an important part of British culture that we have an entire meal 8. (create) that we have entirely dedicated to our afternoon tea. It's very important for us British to be in Bath in this afternoon，9. is the best and most elegant afternoon tea destination，”said Dianne Francombe, CEO of the Bristol and West of England China Bureau.
“Fine tea is more expressive than fine wine，and that experience, the flavors and delicacy of tea，is something 10. (true) superb. I look forward to continued friendship with friends from China whenever you visit this region. ”
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了茶文化沙龙可能是在海外体验中国的茶道和文化的最好方式。
解析：
1．at　考查动词短语。句意：周五在英国巴斯举行的“和谐茶”文化沙龙旨在庆祝5月21日的国际茶日，并向参与者承诺有机会体验中国中部湖北省的茶和文化。分析可知，此处表示“旨在”，应用动词短语be aimed at。故填at。
2．to experience　考查不定式。句意：同上。分析可知，修饰名词opportunity，应用不定式作后置定语。故填to experience。
3．representative　考查形容词。句意：来自湖北茶叶协会的代表团带来了三种茶，可以在沙龙上享用：恩施玉露、宜红红茶和青砖茶。修饰名词用形容词作定语。故填representative。
4．dates　考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：所售茶叶的历史可以追溯到1，000多年前，恩施玉露和青砖茶的制作技术已成为国家非物质文化遗产。date back表示“追溯到”，在句中作谓语，讲述一般事实，时态为一般现在时，主语history，单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填dates。
5．appealing　考查形容词。句意：每一种茶都伴随着其吸引人的茶道，茶师介绍了其产地和独特的特点，并展示了茶应该如何准备和欣赏的特殊方式。修饰名词短语tea ceremony，应用形容词appealing，意为“吸引人的”。故填appealing。
6．and　考查连词。句意：同上。introduced和demonstrated是where引导的定语从句的谓语动词，是并列关系。故填and。
7．were　考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：“独特”“精致”和“美妙”是英国参与者用来描述他们在品茶过程中的感受的词语。根据前后文语境，讲述茶的历史，句子应用一般过去时，主语“Unique”，“delicate”and“wonderful”是复数，系动词be应用were。故填were。
8．created　考查过去分词。句意：茶是英国文化中如此重要的一部分，以至于我们专门设计了下午茶这一整顿饭。此处使用固定搭配have sth. done，意为“让某事被做”。故填created。
9．which　考查定语从句。句意：今天下午，我们英国人来到巴斯，这是最重要、最优雅的下午茶目的地。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Bath，指物，应填which，作定语从句的主语。故填which。
10．truly　考查副词。句意：好茶比好酒更有表现力，这种体验，茶的味道和美味，真是无与伦比。修饰形容词superb，应用副词。故填truly。

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