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Unit 5　Learning from nature
(主题语境类型：人与自然；话题：人与环境、人与动植物；话题涉及教材其他内容：必修第一册 Unit 5 Into the wild；必修第一册 Unit 6 At one with nature；选择性必修第一册 Unit 6 Nurturing nature)
根据汉语提示或所提供的单词完成语篇，核对答案并背诵，以此串联高中3000＋词！(黑体部分是本单元词汇)。
Last Summer, I went back to my hometown, a small village 1. located (locate) in the mountainous area of Guilin, which is famous for its beautiful landscapes. People here resigned themselves to living 2. at ease with a rural lifestyle. There's a lotus pond in front of my 3. cottage (乡村小屋), which is covered with tiles on the roof. In the evening, when the moon 4. rose (rise) above the sky, the silver moonlight would spread like water over the lotus leaves and flowers. 5. Occasionally (occasional)，bats, which judged distance by a kind of echo location, would fly in the air to catch insects. I had decent sleep and dreams at nights during my stay here. At dawn，the domestic roosters woke up the quietness of the village, and some villagers were bowing their heads and sowing in the fields. 6. Reaching (reach) as far as eyes can see, there're various plants such as pine trees, mulberry trees and grasses, most of 7. which I couldn't tell their botanical names. People with their great wisdom 8. have employed (employ) the landform and the shapes of mountains to create the 9. superb (极好的) terraces 10. to grow (grow) rice and have worked in harmony with nature for hundreds of years. Getting a great 11. fulfilment (fulfil) from this 12. purity (纯洁) and beauty of environment, which was just like an efficient 13. physician (医生) curing my 14. depressive (depression) moods, I must admit that 15. it was difficult to 16. attain (获得) this feeling in the city and I could hardly 17. reject (拒绝) this splendid scenery.
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——我会认
1．algae n． 藻类(植物)
2．mimic v． 模仿
3．waterfront n． 滨水地区
4．dioxide n． 二氧化物
5．convert v． 使转变；使转换
6．bat n. 蝙蝠
7．radar n． 雷达
8．swimsuit n． 游泳衣
9．dragonfly n． 蜻蜓
10．drone n． 无人驾驶飞机
11．spider n． 蜘蛛
12．superficially adv. 表面(上)地
13．decent adj. 可接受的，相当好的
14．cottage n. 乡村小屋
15．domestic adj. 驯养的；家养的
16．lane n． (乡间的)小路
17．atop prep. 在……顶上
18．botanical adj. 植物(学)的
Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写
1. superb adj.极好的，出色的
2. pond n．池塘
3. sow v．播(种)
4. frontier n. 知识/物理学等的前沿
5. physician n．医生
6. bow v．鞠躬
7. rural adj.农村的，乡村的
8. ease n. 舒适，悠闲
9. attain v. 获得， 得到
单词拼写
1．(2024·全国甲卷) They were the best chance for many rural (乡村的) people to get the treatment they want.
2．(2024·新课标全国Ⅰ卷) Farber's treatments eased (缓解了) her dog's suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months.
3．(2023·新课标全国Ⅰ卷) Then he went around to local ponds (池塘) and streams and brought back some plants and animals.
4．(2023·全国乙卷) Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician (医生) and performed surgery.
5．In my class, most of my students attained (获得) five “A” grades in their exams.
6．The singer bowed (鞠躬) to the excited audience once again and got off the stage.
7．The football team is such a superb (极好的) one that they can beat other teams.
Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变
1. architect n．建筑师→ architecture n. 建筑风格，建筑设计
2. wisdom n．智慧→ wise adj.明智的；英明的
3. employ v. 使用；运用→ employer n. 雇用者；雇主→ employee n．雇员→ employment n．雇用
4. deliberately adv.不慌不忙地；从容不迫地→ deliberate adj.故意的；从容不迫的
5. withdraw v．退出→ withdrawal n．撤走；取回
6. depressive adj.抑郁的→ depress v.使沮丧；使意志消沉→ depressed adj.沮丧的→ depressing adj.令人沮丧的→ depression n. 沮丧；消沉
7. reluctant adj.不情愿的；勉强的→ reluctantly adv.不情愿地，勉强地
8. depart v．离开→ departure n．启程；上路
9. purity n. 纯洁； 洁净→ pure adj.纯粹的； 纯的；纯真的
10. resign v．使自己顺从于(做)某事；安于→ resigned adj.逆来顺受的；顺从的；已辞职的→ resignation n. 辞职；辞呈
11. reject v．拒绝接受；冷落；嫌弃；厌弃→ rejection n. 拒绝；摒弃
12. fulfilment n．满足(感) → fulfil v．完成(计划等)；满足(希望) fulfilled adj. 感到满足的→ fulfilling adj.令人满足的；令人愉快的
13. evaluate v. 评估；评价→ evaluation n. 评估；评价
[语境活用]——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．The Hotel of Fragrant Hill is designed by Leoh Ming Pei, a famous Chinese American architect . The architecture is popular with people. (architect)
2．Zhuge Liang is widely considered to be the symbol of wisdom and loyalty, because he is very wise and loyal. (wisdom)
3．The employer of the company decides to employ more employees who have rich experience. (employ)
4. Deliberate hurt crime is to hurt others' body and health deliberately ．(deliberately)
5．The tennis player withdrew from several tournaments due to injury. People felt sorry for his withdrawal .(withdraw)
6．What depresses me most is that my best friend is suffering from depression . I feel depressed that I can't help her.(depress)
7. I'm afraid the water is not pure so you must purify it to ensure its purity ．(pure)
8．Much as they hope to go home tomorrow, they're resigned to staying on until the end of the year. Because they can't afford to resign their jobs.(resign)
9．The elegant girl rejected his invitation. Her rejection made him feel sad.(reject)
10．Many students are asked to evaluate their professors at the end of the semester. They need to make objective evaluations ．(evaluate)
Ⅳ.重点短语——我牢记
1. take...for granted 认为……理所当然
2. convert...into 把……转变为
3. respond to 回应；响应
4. in harmony with 与……协调一致；与……和谐相处
5. seek solutions to 寻求解决方法
6. take inspiration from 从……中获取灵感
7. in return for 作为对……的回报
8. draw...from 汲取；吸取
9. be opposed to 反对
10. withdraw from 离开，从……退出
11. resign oneself to 屈从于；使顺从于
12. at ease with 不拘束；放松
[语境活用]——选用上述短语填空
1．He said they were opposed to the presence of alien forces in the region.
2．We can draw some lessons for the future from this accident.
3．Don't take it for granted that they will support you.
4．And you must accustom yourself to be more at ease with people when you are with them.
5．I'd like to treat you to a meal in return for your timely help.
6．Human life is regarded as part of nature and the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature.
1.后缀“ ment”名词小结
①fulfilment满足(感)
②advertisement广告
③announcement通知；通告
④achievement功绩；成就
⑤punishment惩罚
⑥commitment投入；承诺
2．“达到，实现，获得”家族
①attain达到；获得
②achieve完成；做到
③obtain获得；得到
④get得到
⑤acquire获得；得到
⑥gain获得
3．for短语集锦
①for good永久地
②for free免费
③for sale出售
④for instance/example例如
⑤for good measure作为额外增添
1.In fact, we are so used to them that we may even take them for granted without realising how much inspiration they have given us.
事实上，我们已经习惯了它们的存在，甚至可能把它们视为理所当然，却没有意识到它们给了我们多少灵感。
【考点凝练】so...that...引导结果状语从句
2．Shaped to resemble a lotus flower, it appears to float above the waterfront promenade and the water that surrounds it.
它的形状像一朵莲花，似乎漂浮在海滨长廊和周围的水面上。
【考点凝练】过去分词(短语)作状语
3．Nowhere is this better illustrated than in the beautiful Lingering Garden of Suzhou.
没有什么比美丽的苏州留园更能说明这一点了。
【考点凝练】“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级
[语境活用]——经典句式仿写
1．汤姆是如此伤心，以至于眼泪顺着脸颊滚下来了。(so...that...引导结果状语从句)
Tom was so sad that the tears rolled down his cheeks .
2．这些书是一周前订购的，现在随时都可以到货。(过去分词短语作状语)
Ordered a week ago ， the books are expected to arrive at any time now.
3．我们认为天气不能再糟糕了。(“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级)
We thought the weather couldn't be worse .
核 心 词 汇
1．employ v．雇用；利用(时间、精力等)；使用，运用
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)(2023·全国甲卷) Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still be employed (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
(2)My life as a tax paying employed (employ) person began in middle school.
(3)For the past three years he has been employed as a firefighter in the fire station.
(4)John has been out of employment (employ) for three years and these days he is depressed.
归纳拓展
·employ sb.to do...雇用某人做……
employ...as...雇用……当……
employ oneself in doing sth.从事于做某事，忙于做某事
be employed in doing sth.从事于做某事，忙于做某事
·employment n．雇用；工作；就业
out of employment 失业
·employer n．雇主，老板
employee n．雇工，雇员
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(5)He was employed in reading and he didn't see Tom come in.
① Employed in reading ，he didn't see Tom come in.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
② Employing himself in reading ，he didn't see Tom come in.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
2. withdraw v．退出；离开；提取；收回；撤回；撤退
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)Henry David Thoreau was happy to withdraw from social life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life.
(2)They withdrew (withdraw) 100 dollars from a bank account after checking out of their hotel.
(3)The commander in chief was given 36 hours to secure a withdrawal (withdraw) of his troops from the rural areas.
归纳拓展
·withdraw...from...从……撤出/提取……
withdraw from...从……撤出/退出
·withdrawal n．撤走；收回；取回
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)听说你因为腿部受伤要退出比赛，我很遗憾。(应用文写作之安慰信)
I'm sorry to hear that you will withdraw from the competition because of a leg injury.
3. resign v．使自己顺从于(做)某事；安于；辞职；辞去(工作、职位等)
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)You must resign yourselves to waiting (wait)a bit longer.
(2)Mary resigned from the committee because she needed to take care of her disabled husband.
(3)I resign my son to your care while I am away.
归纳拓展
resign from从……辞职
resign as...辞去……的职务
resign oneself to (doing) sth.顺从……；使自己安于(做)某事
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)In no situation shall we resign ourselves to our fate (不能听天由命).
(5)据我所知，他辞去了委员会的职务。
①As far as I know, he resigned from the committee .
②As far as I know, he resigned as a member of the committee ．
4．ease n．舒适；悠闲 v．减轻(痛苦、忧虑)
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)(2024·新课标全国Ⅱ卷) The best way to ease (ease) pressure on over touristed destinations is to go somewhere else.
(2)We feel at ease every day. What's more, the traditional Chinese dress can't reflect the unique culture of our school.
(3) To ease (ease) financial difficulties, farmers could be compensated for their loss of subsidies.
归纳拓展
·at ease with不拘束；放松
at ease不拘束；自在；安适
with ease轻易地；毫不费力地
take one's ease休息；轻松一下
·ease sb. of sth.减轻某人的(痛苦、负担等)
ease the pressure/stress减轻压力
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)Anne was intelligent and capable of passing her exams easily.
→Anne was intelligent and capable of passing her exams with ease ．
5．take...for granted 认为……理所当然
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)—I fell so nervous about the National English Speech Competition tomorrow that I want to withdraw.
—Take it/things easy (ease).
(2)Take your (you) time—it's just a short distance from here to the restaurant.
(3)Don't joke with Linda；she takes everything far too seriously (serious).
归纳拓展
take one's time 不匆忙；别着急(指时间上)
take...seriously认真对待……
take it/things easy轻松；不紧张；从容(指心理上)
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)我想当然地认为父母应该为我们做好一切，其实这是错误的。
I take it for granted that parents should do everything for us，which actually is wrong.
(5)不要想当然地认为你能把这项工作做得十分完美。认真对待它，并做好充分准备。
You should not take it for granted that you can do the work perfectly. Take it seriously and make enough preparations.
6．in return for(＝in reward for)作为对……的回报
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)We offer an excellent education to our students. In return，we expect students to work hard.
(2)I gave him my favorite book in return for his timely help.
(3)He spends too much time on maths, and this in turn affects the progress of his other subjects.
(4)The two sisters took care of their sick mother by turns.
归纳拓展
in return作为报答；回报
in turn依次；反过来
by turns 轮流
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(5)你提到作为回报你想教我英语，这正是我所渴望的。
You mentioned that you would like to teach me English in return ，which is exactly what I am dying for.
重 点 句 型
　过去分词(短语)作状语
Shaped to resemble a lotus flower, it appears to float above the waterfront promenade and the water that surrounds it.
它的形状像一朵莲花，似乎漂浮在海滨长廊和周围的水面上。
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1) Satisfied (satisfy) with what he did, the English teacher praised him in class.
(2) Given (give) more time, we would have been able to do the work much better.
(3) Seen (see) from the space, the earth looks blue.
归纳拓展
·过去分词在句中作状语时，可表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随、结果、让步等。过去分词作状语多放在句首，也可放在后面或插在中间。
·过去分词作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、让步时可转换为相应的状语从句；表示方式、结果和伴随时可转化为并列分句。
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)Since he was left at home alone, he felt that he was rejected.
→ Left at home alone ， he felt that he was rejected.(过去分词短语作状语)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It's been reported that 76 percent of employees (employ) in some western countries are using emojis at work.
2．Human beings took it for granted that their brains held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better guide.
3．The way the guests were treated in the hotel influenced their evaluation (evaluate) of the service.
4．Environmental design seeks to construct buildings in harmony with the surrounding natural world.
5．If you already have severe depressive (depress) symptoms, then seek help right away.
6．He was in no mood for talking to anyone and looked for a chance to withdraw (withdraw) from the party.
7．With his suggestions rejected (reject), he felt upset, running out of the office without a word.
8．As he has no opportunity to achieve his ambition, he intends to resign from the company.
9．She strongly objected to her daughter's marriage. Surprisingly, her daughter responded to it calmly.
10．The boy didn't feel completely at ease when he was asked to sing a pop song before the whole class.
Ⅱ.语境辨义练
一词多义练/熟词生义练
1．withdraw
(1)Government troops were ordered to withdraw． B
(2)He frowned and decided to withdraw his support for our campaign. A
(3)The horse had been withdrawn from the race. C
2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)This new drug should help ease the pain. 减轻；缓解
(2)The President's speech covered a range of foreign and domestic issues. 国内的
Ⅰ.话题微写作(运用单元知识，在真实任务情境中提高语言综合运用能力)
假设你是李华，请根据“揠苗助长”的故事用英语写一篇短文。
1．“揠苗助长”这个成语的意思是“试图通过拔苗帮助幼苗生长”。(mean)
The set phrase“ya miao zhu zhang” means“trying to help seedlings grow by pulling them up”．
2．宋国的一个人对他的幼苗生长缓慢感到不安。(at ease with)
A man in the Song State was not at ease with the slow growth of his seedlings.
3．他想寻求解决办法。(seek solutions to)
He wanted to seek solutions to it.
4．最终，他得到了灵感，一个接一个地把它们往上拔。(take inspirations)
At last, he took inspirations and pulled them up one by one.
5．他想当然地认为这样他的幼苗可以长得更快。(take it for granted)
He took it for granted that his seedlings could grow faster in this way.
6．然而，当他的儿子听到这件事时，他跑去一看，发现所有的秧苗都枯死了。(only to find)
However, when his son heard this, he ran to take a look, only to find all the seedlings dried up and died.
7．这个成语告诉我们，尊重自然法则，我们才能与自然和谐相处，并作为回报从中受益。(in harmony with; in return)
The set phrase tells us: when we respect the laws of nature we can live in harmony with nature and benefit from it in return.
[句式升级]
1．将第2句和第3句用定语从句进行改写升级。
A man in the Song State, who was not at ease with the slow growth of his seedlings, wanted to seek solutions to it.
2．将第4句和第5句用非谓语进行改写升级。
At last, he took inspirations and pulled them up one by one, taking it for granted that his seedlings could grow faster in this way.
3．将第7句用部分倒装进行改写升级。
The set phrase tells us: only when we respect the laws of nature can we live in harmony with nature and benefit from it in return.
[连句成篇]
参考范文：
The set phrase“ya miao zhu zhang” means“trying to help seedlings grow by pulling them up”．
A man in the Song State, who was not at ease with the slow growth of his seedlings, wanted to seek solutions to it. At last, he took inspirations and pulled them up one by one, taking it for granted that his seedlings could grow faster in this way. However, when his son heard this, he ran to take a look, only to find all the seedlings dried up and died.
The set phrase tells us: only when we respect the laws of nature can we live in harmony with nature and benefit from it in return.
Ⅱ.读后续写微写作
(一)积累常诵
人物描写之“日常活动”
动词 require, recall, address
形容词 time consuming, urgent, memorable, sweet
词块 a frequent occurrence, remain fresh in one's memory, be less time consuming and more economical, require urgent attention, a truly memorable experience, recall the sweet moment of one's high school life, go through ups and downs, address a meeting, be wanted on the phone, get sb. on the phone
句子 ①Before my best friend went abroad, he sent me a book as a gift, which always reminded me of him. ②The moment I found my book missing, I searched everywhere for it, but in vain. ③Not having exercised for a long time, he ran slowly in the sports meeting.
(二)语段写作
第一步：用表示“日常活动”的表达和其他细节描写完成句子
1．有一天，我和爷爷一起去买烟花。
One day, I went shopping for fireworks with my grandfather.
2．我正在看色彩鲜艳的烟花，突然我撞到了一个小男孩。
I was looking at the brightly colored fireworks when suddenly I bumped into a little boy.
3．我的烟花都从袋子里撒了出来。
All my fireworks scattered out of the bag ．
4．我赶紧弯下腰把它们捡起来。
I quickly bent down to pick them up .
5．我注意到男孩看着我的烟花，脸上充满了惊奇。
I noticed the boy's face was full of wonder and amazement as he stared at my fireworks .
6．他似乎从来没有这么近距离地看到过它们。
It appeared as though he had never seen them closely.
7．当他弯下腰去捡的时候，我从他手里抢了过来，迅速放回了我的包里。
When he bent down to pick them up, I snatched them from him and quickly put them back in my bag.
第二步：将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵，注意使用合适的过渡衔接词汇
One day, I went shopping for fireworks with my grandfather. I was looking at the brightly colored fireworks when suddenly I bumped into a little boy. All my fireworks scattered out of the bag.
I quickly bent down to pick them up. Then I noticed the boy's face was full of wonder and amazement as he stared at my fireworks. It appeared as though he had never seen them closely. When he bent down to pick them up, I snatched them from him and quickly put them back in my bag.
强化训练[35]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·清远市一模)
Muscle contraction hardening is necessary for enhancing strength and it also enables rapid reactions in living organisms. Taking inspiration from nature, a team of researchers from Queen Mary University of London (QMUL) has successfully created an electronic artificial muscle that changes between soft and hard states while also possessing the remarkable ability to sense forces and deformations.
Dr Ketao Zhang, a lecturer at QMUL and the lead researcher, explains the importance of variable hardness technology in artificial muscle like actuators (执行器) . “Empowering robots, especially those made from flexible materials, with self sensing capabilities is a key step towards true bionic (仿生) intelligence，” says Dr Zhang.
The advanced artificial muscle developed by the researchers exhibits flexibility and stretchability similar to natural muscle, making it perfect for integration into complicated soft robotic systems and adapting to different shapes. With the ability to bear over 200% stretch along the length direction, this flexible actuator shows exceptional durability.
By applying different voltages (电压), the artificial muscle can rapidly adjust its hardness, achieving continuous hardness changes over 30 times. Its voltage driven nature provides a significant advantage in terms of response speed over other types of artificial muscles. Additionally, this wonderful technology can monitor its deformation through resistance changes, removing the need for additional sensor arrangements and simplifying control mechanisms while reducing costs.
This flexible variable hardness technology can be widely used, ranging from soft robotics to medical applications. The integration with the human body opens up possibilities for aiding individuals with disabilities or patients in performing necessary daily tasks. By integrating the self sensing artificial muscle, wearable robotic devices can monitor a patient's activities and provide resistance by adjusting hardness levels, facilitating muscle function restoration.
“While there are still challenges to be addressed before these medical robots can be employed in clinical settings, this research represents an important step towards human machine integration，” highlights Dr Zhang. “It provides a blueprint for the future development of soft and wearable robots.”
语篇导读：本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个研究小组从大自然中汲取灵感，成功创造了一种电子人造肌肉，这种肌肉可以在软硬状态之间变化，同时还具有感知力和变形的非凡能力。
1．What is a feature of the muscle developed by the researchers from QMUL
A．It responds slowly in speed.
B．It is able to stretch flexibly.
C．It functions without electricity.
D．It is equipped with extra sensors.
解析：B　细节理解题。根据第三段“The advanced artificial muscle developed by the researchers exhibits flexibility and stretchability similar to natural muscle, making it perfect for integration into complicated soft robotic systems and adapting to different shapes. With the ability to bear over 200% stretch along the length direction, this flexible actuator shows exceptional durability.(研究人员开发的先进人造肌肉展示了与天然肌肉相似的柔韧性和伸展性，使其非常适合集成到复杂的软机器人系统中，并适应不同的形状。这种柔性执行器能够承受超过200%的长度方向拉伸，显示出卓越的耐用性。)”可知，QMUL研究人员开发的肌肉的特点是它能灵活地伸展。故选B。
2．What does paragraph 5 mainly tell us about variable hardness technology
A.Its working principles.
B．Its design inspirations.
C．Its potential applications.
D．Its future improvements.
解析：C　主旨大意题。根据第五段“This flexible variable hardness technology can be widely used, ranging from soft robotics to medical applications. The integration with the human body opens up possibilities for aiding individuals with disabilities or patients in performing necessary daily tasks. By integrating the self sensing artificial muscle, wearable robotic devices can monitor a patient's activities and provide resistance by adjusting hardness levels, facilitating muscle function restoration.(这种灵活的硬度可变技术可以广泛应用于从软机器人到医学应用。与人体的结合为帮助残疾人或病人完成必要的日常任务开辟了可能性。通过集成自感应人造肌肉，可穿戴机器人设备可以监控病人的活动，并通过调整硬度水平提供阻力，促进肌肉功能恢复。)”可知，第五段主要告诉我们关于可变硬度技术的潜在应用，可以帮助病人和残疾人的日常活动，可以监控病人的活动。故选C。
3．What can we infer about the research from Dr Zhang
A．It is of great significance.
B．It lacks experts' responses.
C．It hardly meets challenges.
D．It has been applied to hospitals.
解析：A　推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘While there are still challenges to be addressed before these medical robots can be employed in clinical settings, this research represents an important step towards human machine integration，’ highlights Dr Zhang.‘It provides a blueprint for the future development of soft and wearable robots.’(张博士强调：‘尽管这些医疗机器人应用于临床环境之前仍有一些挑战需要解决，但这项研究代表了人机集成的重要一步。它为软的可穿戴的机器人的未来发展提供了蓝图。’)”可推知，张博士的研究意义重大，代表了人机集成的重要一步。故选A。
4．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.A Promising Device—an Artificial Muscle like
Actuator
B.A Science Blueprint—the Future Development of
Robots
C．An Unsolved Challenge—Perfect Human Machine
Integration
D．A Bionic Breakthrough—Self Sensing Electric
Artificial Muscles
解析：D　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Muscle contraction hardening is necessary for enhancing strength and it also enables rapid reactions in living organisms. Taking inspiration from nature, a team of researchers from Queen Mary University of London (QMUL) has successfully created an electronic artificial muscle that changes between soft and hard states while also possessing the remarkable ability to sense forces and deformations.(肌肉收缩硬化对于增强力量是必要的，它还能使生物体迅速反应。受自然的启发，来自QMUL的研究团队成功创造了一种电子人造肌肉，这种肌肉可以在软硬状态之间变化，同时还具有感知力和变形的非凡能力。)”可知，文章主要介绍了研究人员创造了电子人造肌肉，这种肌肉可以在软硬状态之间变化，同时还具有感知力和变形的非凡能力，可以应用到医学领域，是一种新的突破，故D项“仿生突破——自感应电子人造肌肉”符合文章标题。故选D。
B
(2025·河南洛阳市高三监测)
The next big development in cancer treatment could be a vaccine(疫苗). After years of limited success of vaccines to treat camera, scientists say research has made many advancement.
Many doctors predict more vaccines will be out in five years. They are not traditional vaccines that prevent diseases. Instead, they are shots to shrink tumors(肿瘤) and stop the cancer from coming back. Targets for these experimental treatments include breast, 1 mg melanoma(黑素瘤), etc.
More than ever, scientists understand how cancer hides from the body's immune system(免疫系统). Cancer vaccines, like other immune system treatments, strengthen the immune system to find and kill cancer cells. Some new cancer vaccines use mRNA, which was developed for cancer. For a vaccine to work, it needs to teach the immune system's T cells to recognize cancer to be dangerous. Once trained, T cells can travel anywhere in the body to hunt down danger.
Drug producers Moderna is developing an mRNA vaccine tailored for patients with pared with other melanoma vaccines，Moderna's vaccines are designed for each patient, based on the many differences in their cancer tissue, which can train the immune system to hunt for the cancer cells and kill them.
The vaccines under development at the University of Washington are designed to work for many patients. Tests are ongoing in early and advanced breast and lung cancer. Some results may come as soon as next year. Jamie Crase was one of the first people to receive the lung cancer vaccine. Crase was diagnosed with advanced lung cancer at age 34. She thought she would die young. Now she is 50, with no sign of cancer. She does not know for sure if the vaccine helped. But she said, “I'm still here.”
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了癌症治疗的下一个重大发展可能是疫苗，并且研究已经取得了一些进展。
5．What can future cancer vaccines do according to many doctors
A.Get rid of tumors.
B．Increase immune cells.
C．Avoid cancer reappearance.
D．Prevent cancers in advance.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Many doctors predict more vaccines will be out in five years. They are not traditional vaccines that prevent diseases. Instead, they are shots to shrink tumors(肿瘤) and stop the cancer from coming back.(许多医生预测，未来五年内会有更多的疫苗问世。它们不是预防疾病的传统疫苗。相反，它们被注射来缩小肿瘤并阻止癌症复发。)”可知，未来的癌症疫苗能避免癌症复发。故选C。
6．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The danger cancer cells bring.
B．The way cancer vaccines work.
C.The function of the immune system.
D．The composition of cancer vaccines.
解析：B　主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“For a vaccine to work, it needs to teach the immune system's T cells to recognize cancer to be dangerous. Once trained, T cells can travel anywhere in the body to hunt down danger.(为了使疫苗起作用，它需要教会免疫系统的T细胞识别癌症是危险的。一旦被训练，T细胞可以在身体的任何地方寻找危险。)”可知，本段主要介绍了癌症疫苗是如何起作用的。故选B。
7．How special is Moderna's vaccine
A．It uses mRNA.
B．It is personalized.
C．It can hunt down danger.
D．It focuses on cancer tissue.
解析：B　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Moderna's vaccines are designed for each patient, based on the many differences in their cancer tissue, which can train the immune system to hunt for the cancer cells and kill them.(Moderna的疫苗是根据每个患者癌症组织的许多差异设计的，可以训练免疫系统寻找癌细胞并杀死它们。)”可知，Moderna的疫苗的特别之处在于它是个性化的。故选B。
8．What can be predicted according to the last paragraph
A．Cancer is no longer a threat.
B．The vaccines have gone through tests.
C．More patients will benefit from the vaccines.
D．Progress on cancer treatment has been slow.
解析：C　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Jamie Crase was one of the first people to receive the lung cancer vaccine. Crase was diagnosed with advanced lung cancer at age 34. She thought she would die young. Now she is 50, with no sign of cancer. (杰米·克莱斯是第一批接种肺癌疫苗的人之一。Crase在34岁时被诊断出患有晚期肺癌。她以为自己会英年早逝。现在她50岁了，没有癌症的迹象。)”可推知，疫苗让患有肺癌的杰米·克莱斯受益，因此推断未来会有更多的病人将受益于疫苗。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·汕尾市四校联考)
One summer night in a seaside cottage, a boy felt himself 1. from bed. Then he was held in his father's arms out onto the nearby beach. Overhead the sky twinkled with stars. “Watch！” 2. ， as his father spoke, one of the stars moved. In a line of golden fire it flashed across the dark3. . And before the wonder of this could 4. ， another star leaped from its place, then another, diving towards the restless sea.
“What's this？” the child whispered.
“Shooting stars. They come every year on a certain August night. I thought you'd like to see the 5. ．”
That was all: just an unexpected 6. of something mysterious and beautiful. But back7. ， the child stared for a long time into the dark, knowing that all around the quiet house the night was full of the 8. music of the falling stars.
Decades have passed, but he still remembers that night because he was the 9. boy whose father believed that a new experience was more important for a small boy than a(n) 10. night's sleep. No doubt he had all the usual childhood entertainment, but those are 11. now. What he remembers is the night of the shooting stars, and the “trophy(战利品)table” in the dining room where children were encouraged to 12. things they had found— anything 13. or beautiful—snake skins, seashells, flowers, arrowheads...
His father had, to a marvelous degree, the gift of opening doors for children, of leading them into areas of splendid 14. . This subtle(巧妙的) art of 15. dimensions to a child's world doesn't necessarily require a great deal of time. It simply involves doing things more often with children instead of for them or to them.
语篇导读：本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了一个小男孩被父亲从睡梦中抱出去看美丽的流星而久久不能忘怀的故事，这位父亲鼓励男孩去探索和体验新的事物，带领他进入新的领域。
1．A.called　　　　　 B．lifted
C．knocked D．transported
解析：B　句意：一个夏天的晚上，在海边的小屋里，一个男孩觉得自己被从床上抱了起来。A.called喊，叫；B.lifted举起，抬起；C.knocked撞击，碰击；D.transported运输。根据下文“Then he was held in his father's arms out onto the nearby beach.”可知，小男孩被父亲从床上抱了起来，用lift表示“抱起”。故选B。
2．A.Incredibly B．Anxiously
C．Simply D．Curiously
解析：A　句意：令人难以置信的是，就在他父亲说话的时候，一颗星星动了。A.Incredibly不可思议地；B.Anxiously焦急地；C.Simply仅仅；D.Curiously好奇地。根据下文“one of the stars moved”可知，一颗星星移动了，这是不可思议的，令人难以置信的。故选A。
3．A.sea B．face
C．eyes D．heavens
解析：D　句意：金色的火焰在黑暗的天空中闪烁。A.sea大海；B.face脸；C.eyes脸；D.heavens天空。根据上文“Overhead the sky twinkled with stars.”及“it flashed across the dark”可知，黑色的是天空，流星在天空中划过。故选D。
4．A.fade B．work
C．attack D．continue
解析：A　句意：在它的奇迹还没有消失之前，另一颗星星从它的位置跳了出来，然后又一颗，向那不安的海洋俯冲而去。A.fade消失；B.work工作；C.attack攻击；D.continue继续。根据“before”及“another star leaped from its place, then another, diving towards the restless sea”可知，在第一颗流星的奇迹还没有消失之前，第二颗又出现了。故选A。
5．A.weather B．place
C．show D．condition
解析：C　句意：我认为你会想看这个景色。A.weather天气；B.place地方；C.show景象；D.condition条件。根据前文“Shooting stars”及上文父亲将孩子抱出来看流星可知，父亲认为孩子会想要看这个景象。故选C。
6．A.comeback B．blow
C．glimpse D．visit
解析：C　句意：仅此而已：只是意外地瞥见了神秘而美丽的东西。A.comeback再度流行；B.blow刮风，打击；C.glimpse一瞥，短暂的感受；D.visit参观。根据上文“In a line of golden fire it flashed across the dark 3 . And before the wonder of this could 4 ， another star leaped from its place, then another, diving towards the restless sea.”可知，流星划过时，只是对神秘而美丽的东西的一瞥，只是短暂的感受。故选C。
7．A.to the beach B．under the sky
C．in bed D．to his seat
解析：C　句意：但是回到床上，孩子盯着黑暗看了很长时间，他知道寂静的房子周围充满了流星的无声的音乐。A.to the beach去海滩；B.under the sky天空下；C.in bed床上；D.to his seat回到座位上。根据“But back”可知，之前孩子被父亲从床上抱出来，现在指又回到了床上。故选C。
8．A.serious B．silent
C．modern D．sad
解析：B　句意：同上。A.serious严肃的；B.silent寂静的；C.modern现代的；D.sad伤心的。根据“music of the falling stars”可知，流星划落是没有声音的。故选B。
9．A.cautious B．ambitious
C．fortunate D．sensitive
解析：C　句意：几十年过去了，但他仍然记得那个晚上，因为他是一个幸运的男孩，他的父亲认为，对一个小男孩来说，新的经历比一夜安稳的睡眠更重要。A.cautious谨慎的；B.ambitious有抱负的；C.fortunate幸运的；D.sensitive敏感的。根据“whose father believed that a new experience was more important for a small boy than a(n) 10 night's sleep.”可知，父亲更加重视体验新事物，探索新事物，男孩是幸运的。故选C。
10．A.restless B．heavy
C．light D．unbroken
解析：D　句意：同上。A.restless坐立不安的，没有休息的；B.heavy重的，超出一般的；C.light轻的，浅的；D.unbroken未破损的，不间断的。根据文章开头“One summer night in a seaside cottage, a boy felt himself 1 from bed.”可知，孩子的一晚上不间断的睡眠被父亲打破了，因此，此处表示比起不间断的睡眠，新的经历更重要。故选D。
11．A.resolved B．forgotten
C．avoided D．delayed
解析：B　句意：毫无疑问，他童年时有过所有的娱乐活动，但现在那些都被遗忘了。A.resolved决心；B.forgotten忘记；C.avoided避免；D.delayed延迟。根据“No doubt he had all the usual childhood entertainment, but”及下文“What he remembers is the night of the shooting stars”可知，童年有过的娱乐活动，男孩在长大后忘记了。故选B。
12．A.create B．search
C．collect D．exhibit
解析：D　句意：他记得的是那个流星的夜晚，还有餐厅里的“奖杯桌”，孩子们被鼓励展示他们发现的东西——任何不寻常的或美丽的东西——蛇皮、贝壳、花、箭头……A.create创造；B.search搜寻；C.collect收集；D.exhibit展示。根据“things they had found—anything 13 or beautiful—snake skins, seashells, flowers, arrowheads...”可知，孩子们被鼓励将发现的东西展示出来。故选D。
13．A.unusual B．uncertain
C．practical D．awful
解析：A　句意：同上。A.unusual不寻常的；B.uncertain不确定的；C.practical实际的；D.awful糟糕的。根据“or beautiful—snake skins, seashells, flowers, arrowheads”可知，列举的东西是不寻常的。故选A。
14．A.victory B．sky
C．newness D．cottage
解析：C　句意：他的父亲有着惊人的天赋，能够为孩子们打开大门，带领他们进入崭新的领域。A.victory 胜利；B.sky天空；C.newness新奇，崭新；D.cottage农舍。根据上文“because he was the 9 boy whose father believed that a new experience was more important for a small boy”可知，父亲更重视孩子们体验新事物，他有着为孩子们开启通往崭新领域大门的天赋。故选C。
15．A.adding B．applying
C．turning D．tracing
解析：A　句意：这种为孩子的世界增加维度的微妙艺术并不一定需要大量的时间。A.adding添加；B.applying申请，应用；C.turning转；D.tracing追踪。根据“It simply involves doing things more often with children instead of for them or to them.”可知，父亲带男孩看流星，带领孩子探索新的世界，这可以为孩子的世界增加维度，让孩子有更多的体验。故选A。
Ⅲ.七选五
(2025·浙江强基联盟联考)
How to Keep a Pet Bird Quiet
Birds can be excellent companions, but they can also make a lot of noise. Sometimes that noise is unavoidable, but there are a few steps you can take to train your bird out of loud or continuous squawking (尖叫).
1. Most birds tend to make some noise, either by singing or squawking. Birds tend to be most vocal during waking hours in the morning and before going to sleep in the evening. Some birds are more likely to make noise than others, but understand before bringing a bird home that some noise will be unavoidable.
Teach your bird to speak softly. Praise your bird when he whistles or whispers, instead of squawking or yelling. 2. It's often easier to teach them soft spoken words compared to other types of sounds. Furthermore, it's important to maintain a calm and gentle tone when interacting with your bird. 3. Because this could strengthen the behavior you are trying to discourage.
Avoid quick movements. It's possible that you or someone in your household is moving too quickly around your bird, causing him to feel anxious or over stimulated. 4. If you have children living at home, teach them not to run through the room your bird is in.
Provide your bird with comfort and security. Birds in the wild participate in “flock calls” as a way of communicating with other birds and ensuring the safety of the flock. If your bird is likely to squawk when you leave the room, it could be his attempt at sending you a flock call. 5.
A．Understand bird behavior.
B．Train your bird to be quiet.
C．This may be especially useful for parrots.
D．Give him a treat for quietness to earn your love.
E．Try squawking back to let him know that you're safe.
F．Do not raise your voice in response to your bird's volume or tone.
G.Move slowly around your bird, and encourage others to do the same.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了如何让宠物鸟保持安静。
解析：
1．A　根据下文“Most birds tend to make some noise, either by singing or squawking. Birds tend to be most vocal during waking hours in the morning and before going to sleep in the evening.(大多数鸟都会发出一些声音，不是唱歌就是叫。鸟类在早上醒着的时候和晚上睡觉前往往是最大声的。)”可知，本段主要介绍要了解鸟儿的行为。故A选项“了解鸟的行为。”切题，为本段的标题。故选A。
2．C　根据上文“Praise your bird when he whistles or whispers, instead of squawking or yelling.(当你的鸟吹口哨或低语时，赞美它，而不是尖叫或吼叫。)”可知，选项承接上文说明其对哪种鸟类有作用。故C选项“这可能对鹦鹉特别有用。”切题。故选C。
3．F　根据上文“Furthermore, it's important to maintain a calm and gentle tone when interacting with your bird.(此外，当你和你的鸟交流时，保持冷静和温和的语气是很重要的。)”可知，选项承接上文具体说明保持冷静和温和的语气。故F选项“不要提高你的声音来回应你的鸟的音量或音调。”切题。故选F。
4．G　根据上文“Avoid quick movements. It's possible that you or someone in your household is moving too quickly around your bird, causing him to feel anxious or over stimulated.(避免快速移动。有可能是你或你家里的人在你的鸟周围移动得太快，导致他感到焦虑或过度刺激。)”可知，选项承接上文说明在鸟周围缓慢移动的重要性。故G选项“慢慢地在你的鸟周围移动，并鼓励其他人也这样做。”切题。故选G。
5．E　根据上文“Provide your bird with comfort and security. Birds in the wild participate in ‘flock calls’ as a way of communicating with other birds and ensuring the safety of the flock. If your bird is likely to squawk when you leave the room, it could be his attempt at sending you a flock call.(给你的鸟一个舒适和安全的环境。野外的鸟类参与‘鸟鸣’，作为与其他鸟类交流和确保鸟群安全的一种方式。如果你离开房间时，你的鸟可能会吱吱叫，这可能是它试图向你发出鸟鸣。)”可知，上文提到要采取一些措施来确保鸟感到安全和舒适。所以建议通过模仿鸟的叫声来回应， 是一种提供安全感的方式，因为它可能被鸟理解为一种群体间的交流，表明它并不孤单。故E选项“试着用叫声回应，让他知道你很安全。”切题。故选E。
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2025·河南洛阳市高三监测)
Baduanjin, a kind of exercise regarded as a unique sport among the aged, has gained 1. (popular) among the young people in China.
More than 1，000 videos about Baduanjin can be found on Bilibili, 2. video platform in China. A video 3. (release) by the General Administration of Sport of China to teach the public has gained about 10 million views and about 6，000 4. (comment). Most of them were from college students and the young people.
The exercise also becomes part of PE class at a college. “Our school asked us to do this exercise and sent a video 5. our PE teacher，” said an Internet user. Film stars and fitness bloggers also do this exercise, 6. has attracted a large number of followers.
7. (date) back to the Song Dynasty (420—479), Baduanjin has a history of more than 800 years. It 8. (consist) of eight movements, using limbs to stimulate meridians(经络)inside the body. Compared with Tai Chi, Baduanjin is 9. (suitable) for beginners with its simple and gentle movements. It can enhance immunity and enable people 10. (relax). It is also a very low cost social activity for the young people in China.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了拥有悠长历史的健身运动——八段锦。
解析：
1．popularity　考查名词。句意：八段锦，一种被认为是老年人独特的运动方式，在中国的年轻人中很受欢迎。设空处在句中作宾语应用名词的形式，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词。故填popularity。
2．a　考查冠词。句意：在中国视频平台哔哩哔哩上可以找到1，000多个关于八段锦的视频。设空处后为名词单数，表示泛指，应用不定冠词，空后的形容词为辅音音素开头。故填a。
3．released　考查非谓语动词。句意：中国体育总局发布的一段教育公众的视频已经获得了大约1，000万的点击量和约6，000条评论。设空处在句中作非谓语，和其逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系。应用动词过去分词的形式作定语。故填released。
4．comments　考查名词。句意：同上。设空处为名词在句中作宾语，空前为“about 6，000”可知，设空处应为名词复数的形式。故填comments。
5．to　考查介词。句意：一位网友说：我们学校要求我们做这项运动，并把视频发给了我们的体育老师。send sth. to sb.将某物(寄/发送给某人)。故填to。
6．which　考查定语从句的引导词。句意：电影明星和健身博主也在做这项运动，这吸引了大量的粉丝。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在句中作主语，主语为前面的整个句子，应用which。故填which。
7．Dating　考查非谓语动词。句意：八段锦的历史可以追溯到宋朝(420—479)，已有800多年的历史。设空处在句中为非谓语作状语，和句子的逻辑主语之间是逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式，位于句首，首字母应该大写。故填Dating。
8．consists　考查谓语动词。句意：它包括八个动作，用四肢刺激体内的经络。设空处在句中作谓语，叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为it，结合主谓一致。故填consists。
9．more suitable　考查形容词。句意：与太极拳相比，八段锦动作简单柔和，更适合初学者。设空处应为形容词在句中作表语，根据“Compared with Tai Chi(与太极拳相比)”可知，设空处应用形容词的比较级的形式。故填more suitable。
10．to relax　考查非谓语动词。句意：它可以增强免疫力，使人放松。设空处在句中作非谓语，“enable sb. to do sth.使某人能够做某事”，设空处应用动词不定式的形式。故填to relax。

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