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Unit 6　Nurturing nature
(主题语境类型：人与自然；话题：自然环境、自然遗产保护；话题涉及教材其他内容：必修第二册 Unit 6 Earth first；必修第三册 Unit 6 Disaster and hope；选择性必修第二册 Unit 6 Survial；选择性必修第三册 Unit 6 Nature in words)
根据汉语提示或所提供的单词完成语篇，核对答案并背诵，以此串联高中3000＋词！(黑体部分是本单元词汇)。
An animal rights group needed some volunteers 1. to protect (protect) Tibetan antelopes. When my friend and I saw the job 2. advertised (advertise) on the Internet, we were both 3. excited (excite), for both of us loved Tibetan antelopes and were 4. in favour of (支持) the laws to protect the lovely animals. 5. Fortunately (fortunate), my friend and I were chosen from so many applicants! But the news really 6. disturbed (disturb) my parents at the time, because they were 7. worried (worry) that I couldn't put up 8. with the poor working 9. conditions (condition) there. I had a talk with them and told them I had a 10. preference (prefer) for all kinds of challenges and I also had the 11. qualification (资格) to do the job. At last, they had to give in. When my friend and I arrived there, a young leader greeted us warmly. We saw 12. a splendid landmark as well as some Tibetan antelopes 13. eating (eat) grass 14. at their leisure (空闲时). We were 15. wandering (徘徊) on the massive grassland, enjoying the beautiful 16. scenery (景色). It hit me 17. that I should be a conservationist to protect the delicate ecosystem.
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——我会认
1．delicate adj. 脆弱的
2．landmark n． 地标
3．permafrost n． 永久冻土层
4．Tibetan adj. 西藏的
5．antelope n． 羚羊
6．wetland n． 湿地
7．grassland n． 草原
8．radiation n． 辐射
9．mirror like adj. 如镜面般的
10．plateau n． 高原
11．jungle n． (热带)丛林
12．emission n． 散发物，排放物
13．conservationist n． 保护工作者；环境保护主义者
14. via prep. 通过(某人、某机器等)传送(某物) ；借助于
Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写
1. splendid adj.壮丽的
2. leisure n．空闲，闲暇
3. wander v．徘徊
4. scenery n．风景，景色
5. candidate n．申请者
6. favour n．支持，赞同
7. genuine adj.真的，真正的
8. salary n．薪金，工资
9. waist n．腰， 腰部
单词拼写
1．(2024·新课标全国Ⅰ卷) Moreover, these data are biased and favour (有利于) certain regions, time periods, and species.
2．(2023·新课标全国Ⅱ卷) Adults are portrayed alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure (闲暇).
3．(2023·浙江卷) Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist (腰部) and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began climbing.
4．(2022·浙江卷) One day, while driving near her home, she saw a dog wandering (徘徊) on the road, clearly lost.
5．The climbers stood on the top of the mountain, gazing at the splendid (壮丽的) view.
6．Sometimes they just drive slowly down the lane enjoying the scenery (风景).
7．On closer examination it was found that the signature was not genuine (真的).
Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变
1. steadily adv.平稳地→ steady adj.平稳的
2. massive adj.巨大的 → mass n. 块，团
3. economy n．经济→ economic adj.经济上的；经济学的→ economical adj. 经济的，实惠的
4. disturb v．打扰，扰乱→ disturbed adj.扰乱的→ disturbing adj.令人不安的，烦扰的
5. operator n．经营者→ operate v．经营，操作→ operation n．操作；经营；手术
6. applicant n．申请人→ apply v．申请→ application n．应用，申请
7. advertise v. 为……做广告(宣传) → advertisement n．广告
8. negotiable adj.可协商的→ negotiate vt.谈判，商议→ negotiation n．谈判
9. preference n．优先(权) → prefer vt.更喜欢
10. qualification n．技能条件，资格→ qualify v．取得资格；使合格；(使)有资格→ qualified adj.有资格的，合格的，胜任的
[语境活用]——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．He was eager to make steady progress in English so he worked even harder. Happily, he improved his English steadily .(steady)
2. A teacher should not show preference for any one of his pupils, but most teachers prefer to make friends with the polite students. (prefer)
3. Disturbing news came that the virus spread quickly, which made us rather disturbed ．(disturb )
4. The young operator is operating the big machine according to the operation guidance. (operate)
5. All the applicants can apply in person or by e mail and at the same time should hand in their application forms before May 6th. (apply)
6. He is qualified to drive a truck, because he has had his driving qualification for 5 years, so I think he is qualified as a driver. (qualify)
7. The new company put up many advertisements to advertise their new cell phones.(advertise)
8. With the decline of the global economy ， her family is faced with many economic problems, one of which is whether to buy an economical stove to survive the whole winter.(economy)
Ⅳ.重点短语——我牢记
1. reach out 伸出
2. bring...to life 带给……生机
3. thanks to 幸亏，由于
4. be made up of 由……组成
5. in addition to 除……之外
6. in favour of 支持，赞同
7. catch one's eye 引起某人注意；引人瞩目
8. at one's leisure 空闲时
9. pull off 转向；脱下
10. in particular 特别，尤其
11. use up 用尽，耗尽
12. become aware of 意识到
[语境活用]——选用上述短语填空
1．I wouldn't be in favour of income tax cuts.
2．Take the leaflets home and read them at your leisure ．
3．The committee is made up of representatives from every state.
4. In addition to listening to music, Tom also likes to watch movies.
5. The shy man at the back of the class caught my eye ．
6. I could almost reach out and grab it right then and there.
1.盘点以 sure结尾的名词
①leisure闲暇
②pressure压力
③pleasure乐事；快乐
④exposure暴露；揭发
⑤measure措施
⑥treasure财富
2．negotiate近义词全扫描
①argue v．争论，争辩
②discuss v．讨论，谈论
③debate v．争论；辩论
④quarrel v．争吵，争论
⑤speak about/of谈论
⑥talk over (反复)讨论
3．at one's＋名词
①at one's leisure 空闲时
②at one's convenience 在某人方便时
③at one's command 听某人支配
④at one's request 应某人请求
⑤at one's expense 由某人付费
⑥at one's service 由某人差遣
⑦at one's best 在某人最佳/鼎盛时期
1.How to protect the delicate ecosystem was among the top concerns.
怎样保护脆弱的生态环境是最令人关注的问题。
【考点凝练】“疑问词＋不定式”结构
2．A group of Tibetan antelopes is moving under the bridge，with some stopping to eat grass at their leisure.
一群藏羚羊正从桥底下走过，有些停下来悠闲地吃草。
【考点凝练】with复合结构
3．Ben later joked that the job should have been advertised not as the “best”， but the “busiest job in the world”！
本后来开玩笑说，这份工作不应该被宣传为“最好的”，而应该是“世界上最忙的工作”！
【考点凝练】not...but... “不是……而是……”
4．Located off the coast of North east Australia, the Great Barrier Reef is the largest living thing on the planet.
大堡礁位于澳大利亚东北部近海处，是地球上最大的生物。
【考点凝练】过去分词短语作状语
[语境活用] ——经典句式仿写
1．学生们经常讨论如何提高英语。(疑问词＋不定式)
How to improve English is often discussed among the students.
2．在工作中取得如此巨大的成就，她赢得了学生们的尊敬。(with复合结构)
With such great achievements made in her work, she has won respect from her students.
3．生命的价值不在于能活多少天，而在于我们怎么使用这些日子。(not...but...)
The value of life doesn't lie in the length of days, but lies in the use that we make of them.
4．黑龙江省在中国的东北部，所以冬天的时候极其寒冷。(过去分词短语作状语)
Located in the northeastern part of China ， Heilongjiang Province is freezing cold in winter.
核 心 词 汇
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)Mary has shown me a great many disturbing (disturb) things.
(2)The applicants are deeply disturbed to hear (hear) the bad news.
(3)We were greatly disturbed (disturb) by global warming.
归纳拓展
·disturbed adj. 被扰乱的；感到不安的
be disturbed by/about/at对……感到忧虑/不安
be disturbed to do sth.对做某事感到不安
be disturbed that...担心……
·disturbing adj.令人不安的；使人烦恼的
disturbance n．骚乱；打扰
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)如果你早起，尽量不要打扰其他人。
If you get up early, try not to disturb everyone else.
2．favour n．帮助；喜爱；恩惠；赞同，支持 vt.喜爱；偏袒
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)(2024·新课标全国Ⅱ卷) I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite/favourite (favour) spot to settle, Italy was the clear winner.
(2)Dressing properly provides a favourable (favour) first impression and is also a display of respect.
(3)He got annoyed when hearing the news that most operators weren't in favour of his proposal.
归纳拓展
·ask sb.a favour(＝ask a favour of sb.)求某人帮一个忙
do a favour for sb.(＝do sb.a favour)帮某人一个忙
owe sb.a favour欠某人的人情
in favour of赞成，支持；主张
in one's favour 对某人有利
·favourable adj.有利的；赞许的；给人好印象的
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)现在我不知道您是否能帮我一个忙。
①Now I wonder whether you could do me a favour ．
②Now I wonder whether you could do a favour for me ．
③Now I wonder whether I could ask you a favour ．
3．qualification n．技能条件，资格
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)As far as I'm concerned, there is no evidence indicating that he is a qualified (qualify) operator.
(2)Last year, one in five boys left school without a qualification (qualify).
(3)This training course will qualify you for a better job.
(4)Your passport qualifies you to receive (receive) free medical treatment.
归纳拓展
·qualify v．取得资格；使合格；(使)有资格
qualify for有……资格/取得……的参赛资格
qualify sb. to do sth.使某人有资格做某事
·qualified adj.有资格的，合格的，胜任的
be qualified for有……资格，胜任……
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(5)所以我可以作为一名志愿者带领参观者参观画廊，我相信我能胜任这份工作。
So I can serve as a volunteer to guide the visitors around the gallery and I am convinced that I am qualified for the job ．(qualify)
4．catch one's eye吸引某人的注意
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)(2024·全国甲卷)Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend to catch (catch)our attention because of their large size and variety.
(2)The idea is catching on quickly.There are now over 40 chat benches throughout England.
(3)To catch up with the classmates, the boy is making good use of every minute to study.
归纳拓展
catch one's attention吸引某人的注意
catch one's breath屏住呼吸
catch hold of抓住
catch on理解；受欢迎，流行起来
catch up with赶上
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)当她看到那只熊时，她屏住了呼吸，定在了那里。(读后续写之心理描写)
When she saw the bear, she caught her breath, frozen there ．
(5)当小偷从警察身边走过时，警察抓住了他的手。
When the thief was walking past the policeman，the policeman caught hold of his hand ．
5．use up用光(用作及物动词，能用于被动语态)
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)I have to buy a pet before you use up /run out
of all my salary.
(2)The car stopped when the petrol gave out /ran out /was used up ．
归纳拓展
run out of用完(用作及物动词，能用于被动语态)
run out用完(用作不及物动词，不能用于被动语态)
give out用光(用作不及物动词，不能用于被动语态)
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(3)我们的钱快用完了，我们必须削减开支。
① Our money was running out ，so we had to cut down expenses.(run out)
② We were running out of our money ，so we had to cut down expenses.(run out of)
③ We were using up our money ，so we had to cut down expenses.(use up)
重 点 句 型
1．特殊疑问词＋不定式
How to protect the delicate ecosystem was among the top concerns.
怎样保护脆弱的生态环境是最令人关注的问题。
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)(2024·全国甲卷) That's why this issue of Writer's Digest aims to help you figure out how to write (write) the best ending for whatever kind of writing you're doing.
(2)In such a big library, the little girl had no idea which book to choose (choose).
归纳拓展
“特殊疑问词＋不定式”结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等成分。疑问词包括疑问代词(what，who，whom，which，whose)和疑问副词(when，where，how)。
温馨提示：在“疑问代词＋不定式”结构中，不定式中的动词为及物动词，与疑问代词有动宾关系，但不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(3)我写信告诉你下一节课我们做什么。(应用文之告知信)
I am writing to tell you what to do next class ．
(4)那里的景色太美了，我不知道该怎么形容。
The scenery there is so amazing that I don't know how to describe it ．
2．not...but...
Ben later joked that the job should have been advertised not as the “best”，but the “busiest job in the world”！
本后来开玩笑说，这份工作不应该被宣传为“最好的”，而应该是“世界上最忙的工作”！
基础练习·单句语法填空
(1)I find that high school life is not so boring, but colorful.
(2)Not only you but also he is (be) going to the jungle in a distant country.
(3)Neither the teacher nor the students like (like) the new film.
归纳拓展
·not...but...不是……而是……，在此句中连接两个并列宾语。
·not...but...还可连接两个并列主语，此时谓语动词采用就近原则，即根据离动词最近的主语变化谓语动词的形式。
·连接并列主语时，采用就近原则的结构还有：...or..., either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also...。
能力提升·句式写作诵读
(4)使我们感动的不是视频而是医生们在疫情期间做了什么。
It was not the video but what doctors did during the epidemic that made us moved.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Don't worry if you use up shampoo—I'll get some tomorrow.
2．These old men and women usually go to dance at their leisure.
3．Air pollution is what most people are concerned about nowadays, because their health is under threat.
4. We had a woman patient who was recovering from a knee replacement operation (operate).
5．The applicants (apply) must meet the following qualifications: a diploma and working experience.
6．Several centuries ago, people realized that the advertisement (advertise) could help to sell goods.
7．It would be wrong to discriminate against a candidate because of their sexual preference (prefer).
8．The more I thought about it, the more disturbed (disturb) I became.
9．The effect of the emission of the carbon dioxide on the environment is massive (mass).
10．I am not only enthusiastic but also easy to get along with, which makes me qualified (qualify) for the voluntary work advertised (advertise) in the newspaper.
Ⅱ.语境辨义练
一词多义练/熟词生义练
1．disturb
(1)Don't disturb the papers on my desk. B
(2)The letter shocked and disturbed me. C
(3)If you get up early, not to disturb others. A
2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)The road wanders along through the hills. 蜿蜒
(2)The man who suffered a massive heart attack was to blame. 非常严重的
(3)Nowadays，many individuals favour online shopping because it is more convenient. 喜欢，喜爱
Ⅰ.话题微写作(运用单元知识，在真实任务情境中提高语言综合运用能力)
假设你是李华，你校学生会需要招聘一名留学生做英语学习顾问，请你根据以下内容以短文形式写一则英文招聘启事。
参考词汇：英语学习顾问 English study adviser
1．学生会决定邀请一名留学生来担任下学期的英语学习顾问。(decide; adviser)
The Students' Union decides to invite an overseas student to work as an English study adviser next term.
2．顾问应能胜任以下工作：帮助学生练习英语口语，回答学生问题，组织英语活动。(qualification)
The adviser should have the following qualifications: helping students practise their oral English, answering their questions, and organising English activities.
3．申请人应是以英语为母语者。 (applicant)
The applicant should be a native speaker of English.
4．候选人应该能够讲流利的中文。他们有获得这项工作的优先权。(candidate; preference)
The candidates should be able to speak fluent Chinese. They have a preference for the job.
5．此外，顾问预计每周要工作4小时。 (expect)
What's more, the adviser is expected to work 4 hours per week.
6．如果你感兴趣的话，请拨打11471找李华面试。 (interview)
If you are interested, please call Li Hua at 11471 for an interview.
7．服务的薪水可议。 (salary; negotiable)
The salary for the service can be negotiable.
[句式升级]
将第4句用定语从句进行改写升级。
The candidates who are able to speak fluent Chinese have a preference for the job.
[连句成篇]
参考范文：
The Students' Union decides to invite an overseas student to work as an English study adviser next term. The adviser should have the following qualifications: helping students practise their oral English, answering their questions, and organising English activities. The applicant should be a native speaker of English. The candidates who are able to speak fluent Chinese have a preference for the job. What's more, the adviser is expected to work 4 hours per week.
If you are interested, please call Li Hua at 11471 for an interview. The salary for the service can be negotiable.
Ⅱ.读后续写微写作
(一)积累常诵
动作描写之“看”(一)
动词 look, see, stare, glance, glare
短语 come into view, eyes widen, peep at, glance back over one's shoulder
句子 ①We all gather in front of the television, praying to catch a glance/glimpse of his face. ②Her eyes fell on the photos of her and me at my fourth birthday party.
(二)语段写作
第一步：按要求用与“看”相关的表达完成句子
1．当我走近那幢房子时，远处一棵枝繁叶茂的大树映入眼帘。
When I approached the house, a big leafy tree came into view at some distance ．(简单句)
2．我回头瞥了一眼以确保没有人跟着我。
I glanced back over my shoulder to make sure that no one was following me.(简单句)
3．看到没有其他人注意到我，我放下圣诞礼物并按响了门铃。
Seeing no other people notice me ， I placed the Christmas present down and pounded the doorbell.(动词 ing形式作状语)
4．我飞快地躲到大树后，偷偷望着这个门。
I hid quickly behind the big tree and peeped at the door ．(简单句)
5．当詹姆斯出来看到盒子时，他惊讶地瞪大了眼睛。
When James came out and spotted the box, his eyes widening in surprise ．(独立主格结构)
6．他的目光落在那件温暖的外套上。
His eyes fell on the warm overcoat ．(简单句)
7．然后他跳了起来，双眼闪烁着跑去喊他的妈妈。
Then he jumped up, eyes twinkling as he ran to call his mother.(独立主格结构)
第二步：将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵，注意使用合适的过渡衔接词汇
When I approached the house, a big leafy tree came into view at some distance. I glanced back over my shoulder to make sure that no one was following me. Seeing no other people notice me, I placed the Christmas present down and pounded the doorbell. After that, I hid quickly behind the big tree and peeped at the door. When James came out and spotted the box, his eyes widening in surprise. His eyes fell on the warm overcoat. Then he jumped up, eyes twinkling as he ran to call his mother.
强化训练[24]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·郴州市一模)
The buildings in which we live, work and shop shape our experiences. The construction and maintenance of these buildings also require significant resources.So a growing number of architects are trying to design buildings while keeping both sustainability and quality of life in mind. The term “green building” can refer to one of these structures or to the process of constructing them.
Any structure is considered a green building if it fits certain criteria. Most of these criteria have to do with environmental concerns, especially those related to climate change. For example, green buildings are made of sustainable materials and use water and energy efficiently as well as renewable energy sources. Green building advocates do care about the humans involved, though; one of the criteria is that the building will improve its occupants' quality of life.
Sometimes a single feature contributes to more than one criterion. For example, many green buildings have large windows, which save energy on lighting. But natural light also has health benefits for humans, such as increasing vitamin D production, improving sleep and reducing seasonal depression. These windows thus kill two birds with one stone, saving energy and keeping people fit.
The construction process for a green building should also have minimal environmental impact. This means it should be energy efficient, avoid pollution and minimize waste.
A commercial building in Hong Kong, includes numerous features that employ new technology to improve its occupants' well being. For example, they cool the building using chilled beams rather than air vents, and then eliminate uncomfortable drafts. In addition to conventional air filters, they also used a paint that purifies the air, improving air quality in the building beyond what a filter could do alone.
It's just one of the many green building projects carried out by the World Green Building Council. It is an organization with branches all over the world that collaborates with businesses, organizations and governments to encourage green buildings. Its website lists numerous examples of green buildings and highlights some of the features that made them successful. These buildings include residences, office buildings and more.
语篇导读：这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了绿色建筑的定义、特点及其推广。
1．What are the characteristics of the green building
A．It should be built in the woods.
B．The essential colour of the building is green.
C．It is environmentally friendly while supporting quality life.
D．The maintenance of this building doesn't consume natural resources.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段中“For example, green buildings are made of sustainable materials and use water and energy efficiently as well as renewable energy sources. Green building advocates do care about the humans involved, though; one of the criteria is that the building will improve its occupants' quality of life.(例如，绿色建筑由可持续材料制成，有效利用水和能源以及可再生能源。然而，绿色建筑倡导者确实关心与之相关的人类；其中一个标准是该建筑将提高居住者的生活质量。)”可知，绿色建筑的特点是环保的，同时支持高质量的生活。故选C项。
2．What are the advantages of using large windows in buildings from the passage
A．They are energy efficient and good for health.
B．The buildings with large windows are more beautiful.
C．They are good for cutting the cost of building the house.
D．The occupants can have a better view with large windows.
解析：A　细节理解题。根据第三段中“For example, many green buildings have large windows, which save energy on lighting. But natural light also has health benefits for humans, such as increasing vitamin D production, improving sleep and reducing seasonal depression. These windows thus kill two birds with one stone, saving energy and keeping people fit.(例如，许多绿色建筑都有大窗户，这样可以节省照明能源。但自然光对人类健康也有好处，比如增加维生素D的产生，改善睡眠，减少季节性抑郁症。因此，这些窗户一举两得，既节约能源，又使人保持健康。)”可知，在建筑物中使用大窗户的优势是既节能又有益健康。故选A项。
3．What does the underlined word “eliminate” in Paragraph 5 mean
A.Cause. B．Activate.
C．Prevent. D．Remove.
解析：D　词句猜测题。画线词句前文“A commercial building in Hong Kong, includes numerous features that employ new technology to improve its occupants' well being. For example, they cool the building using chilled beams rather than air vents(香港的一座商业建筑，包括许多采用新技术来改善居住者福祉的功能。例如，他们使用冷梁而不是通风口来冷却建筑物，)”说明为了改善居住者的福祉，他们使用冷梁而不是通风口来冷却建筑物来改善空气，从而推知画线词句“and then eliminate uncomfortable drafts.(然后eliminate不舒服的气流。)”其中画线词应为“消除”的意思，与D项“移除，去除”同义。故选D项。
4．What does the World Green Building Council do to promote green buildings
A．It sets strict regulations for construction companies.
B．It certifies green buildings based on a single criterion.
C.It cooperates with many groups to foster green building.
D．It provides financial support for building green buildings.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It's just one of the many green building projects carried out by the World Green Building Council. It is an organization with branches all over the world that collaborates with businesses, organizations and governments to encourage green buildings. Its website lists numerous examples of green buildings and highlights some of the features that made them successful. These buildings include residences, office buildings and more.(这只是世界绿色建筑委员会开展的众多绿色建筑项目之一。它是一个分支机构遍布世界各地的组织，与企业、组织和政府合作，鼓励绿色建筑。)”可知，世界绿色建筑委员会通过与许多团体合作来推广绿色建筑。故选C项。
B
(2025·宁德五校期中)
US and Canadian researchers recently calculated the total amount of the worlds groundwater and estimated that it is equal to a lake 180 metres deep covering the entire Earth. This makes groundwater the largest active freshwater resource on the planet. The team also investigated its age. How did they do this
Humans introduced a convenient time signature on the Earth when we started testing atomic (原子的) weapons. This leaves a time stamp which can be found in water, rocks and living organisms. By seeing if radioactivity (放射性) from atomic bomb testing was present in the groundwater, the researchers could estimate that about 6% of this groundwater is younger than 50 years old. If this water was spread evenly over the continents, then there is just three metres depth of modern groundwater spread equally over the continents.
It could be argued that if we use only this modern groundwater, then this is sustainable, as we know that it has been replaced or recharged (被补充) by natural processes over the last 50 years. But how quickly groundwater recharges changes over time.
Water has to reach the inside of rocks, either now or in the past. This means that the amount of rainfall has to be more than the amount of water evaporating (蒸发) from the land surface, and more than the amount of water used by all the plants. When this occurs, fresh water can recharge the groundwater from either water “leaking” from the beds of rivers or from rainwater that passes through the soil.
In many parts of the world we know that groundwater recharge varies due to natural climate variability such as El Nino. Groundwater recharge will also change with global warming.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地下水成为地球上最大的活跃淡水资源的现象以及地下水的可持续性。
5．How did the researchers estimate the age of the groundwater
A．By analyzing its chemical composition.
B．By testing atomic bomb.
C．By examining its freshness.
D．By finding its time stamp.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Humans introduced a convenient time signature on the Earth when we started testing atomic (原子的) weapons. This leaves a time stamp which can be found in water, rocks and living organisms. By seeing if radioactivity (放射性) from atomic bomb testing was present in the groundwater, the researchers could estimate that about 6% of this groundwater is younger than 50 years old. (人类在开始测试原子武器时，在地球上引入了一个方便的时间标记。这一时间戳可以在水、岩石和生物体中找到。通过检测地下水中是否存在来自核试验的放射性物质，研究人员可以估计大约6%的地下水年龄小于50岁。)”可知，研究人员通过找出核弹测试所留下的时间戳来估算地下水的年龄。故选D。
6．What do people think of the supply of “modern” groundwater
A．It's limited. B．It's fresh.
C．It's vital. D．It's abundant.
解析：A　细节理解题。根据第二段中“If this water was spread evenly over the continents, then there is just three metres depth of ‘modern’ groundwater spread equally over the continents. (如果这些水平均分布在各大洲，那么只有3米深的‘现代’地下水平均分布在各大洲。)”可知，人们认为这种“现代”地下水是有限的。故选A项。
7．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．Water evaporating.
B．Water leaking from river beds.
C．Water getting into rocks.
D．Water being used by all the plants.
解析：C　词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Water has to reach the inside of rocks, either now or in the past. This means that the amount of rainfall has to be more than the amount of water evaporating (蒸发) from the land surface, and more than the amount of water used by all the plants. When this occurs, fresh water can recharge the groundwater from either water “leaking” from the beds of rivers or from rainwater that passes through the soil. (无论是现在还是过去，水都必须进入岩石内部。这意味着降雨量必须大于从陆地表面蒸发的水量，并且大于所有植物使用的水量。当这种情况发生时，淡水可以从河床‘泄漏’的水或通过土壤的雨水中补充地下水。)”可知，this指代上文提到的水进入岩石。A.Water evaporating水蒸发；B.Water leaking from river beds河床漏水；C.Water getting into rocks水渗入岩石；D.Water being used by all the plants水被所有植物使用。故选C项。
8．What are the last three paragraphs mainly talking about
A．Groundwater sustainability.
B．Climate variability.
C．Groundwater exploration.
D．Global warming.
解析：A　主旨大意题。通读最后三段，尤其是根据倒数第三段中“It could be argued that if we use only this modern groundwater, then this is sustainable, as we know that it has been replaced or recharged (被补充) by natural processes over the last 50 years. (有人可能会说，如果我们只使用这种现代地下水，那么这是可持续的，因为我们知道，在过去的50年里，它已经被自然过程所取代或补充)”和倒数第二段中“When this occurs, fresh water can recharge the groundwater from either water ‘leaking’ from the beds of rivers or from rainwater that passes through the soil. (当这种情况发生时，淡水可以从河床‘泄漏’的水或通过土壤的雨水中补充地下水)”以及最后一段中“Groundwater recharge will also change with global warming. (地下水补给也将随着全球变暖而改变)”可知，最后三段主要讲地下水的可持续性。故选A项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2024·深圳市一调)
Natalie and Callie, both 13 years old, started raising monarch butterflies for fun in 2020.
But after realizing the monarch is an endangered species, their 1. soon turned into a serious mission.
They learned that the population of monarch butterflies had 2. since the early 1990s, due to habitat 3. and widespread use of chemicals, which made the milkweeds(马利筋草) the monarchs 4. for their main diet dangerous to eat.
So the girls teamed up with a national non profit group to plant a native garden 5. for the monarchs.The garden grew organic milkweeds that 6. and kept the butterflies.To help 7. the locals to sustain the monarch population, they created an exhibition about the monarchs in the local library.They also wanted to put up an educational sign in town, but it 8. a lot.To cover the expense, they set up a stand at the Farmers Market to sell their 9. milkweeds for people to plant.Although the fundraising days were 10. ， they finally succeeded in earning enough money with their hard work and people's support.
The team has won the Silver Award for their 11. of taking care of butterflies, but they are not 12. with their work.“Our next step is to cut down on the use of 13. to guarantee a safe environment for the monarchs，” said Natalie.In the award ceremony, their teacher Brian 14. ， “I am so proud of them for their constant 15. ．”
语篇导读：文章讲述了两个13岁的女孩纳塔莉和考利从养帝王蝶的业余爱好到致力于保护帝王蝶的故事，她们的项目最终获奖且受到好评。
1．A.dream B．hobby
C．career D．decision
解析：B　根据上文“for fun”可知，起初她们养帝王蝶是为了好玩，即养帝王蝶是她们的业余爱好，后来才变成了她们的任务。hobby意为“业余爱好”，符合语境。dream梦想；career事业；decision决定。故选B。
2．A.doubled B．aged
C．declined D．exploded
解析：C　根据第二段中的“the monarch is an endangered species”和下文的“widespread use of chemicals... their main diet dangerous to eat”可知，帝王蝶已经是濒危物种，数量应该是减少了的。decline意为“减少，下降”，符合语境。double(使)加倍；age变老；explode爆炸。故选C。
3．A.management B．assessment
C．selection D．destruction
解析：D　设空处与and后的名词短语“widespread use of chemicals”并列；再结合第二段提到帝王蝶是濒危物种并结合选项可知，此处指由于栖息地的破坏和化学物质的广泛使用，帝王蝶的数量已经下降。destruction 意为“破坏”，符合语境。management管理；assessment评估；selection选择。故选D。
4．A.relied on B．kept off
C．broke down D．gave away
解析：A　根据本句的“the milkweeds(马利筋草) the monarchs 4 for their main diet”可知，该空是定语从句的谓语，从句修饰先行词the milkweeds；再根据diet 可知，此处指帝王蝶所依赖的主要食物马利筋草。rely on 意为“依赖”，符合语境。keep off(使)让开；break down使分解；give away捐赠。故选A。
5．A.partly B．secretly
C．rarely D．specially
解析：D　根据下文的“The garden grew organic milkweeds”可知，这个本土花园种植帝王蝶的主要食物马利筋草，由此可得出这是专门为帝王蝶种植的本土花园。specially意为“尤其，专门地”，符合语境。partly 部分地；secretly秘密地；rarely很少。故选D。
6．A.attracted B．protected
C．monitored D．trapped
解析：A　本空位于that引导的定语从句中。根据上文及“and kept the butterflies”可知，设空处与kept是并列关系，此处应是指吸引并饲养帝王蝶。attract意为“吸引”，符合语境。protect保护；monitor监视；trap使落入险境。故选A。
7．A.employ B．educate
C．force D．limit
解析：B　根据下文的“they created an exhibition about the monarchs in the local library”可知，她们举办关于帝王蝶的展览的目的是教育当地人保护帝王蝶，呼应下文的“They also wanted to put up an educational sign in town”。educate 意为“教育”，符合语境。employ雇用；force迫使；limit限制。故选B。
8．A.meant B．cost
C．changed D．hurt
解析：B　根据上文中的“but”可知，此处与上一分句是转折关系，表示张贴教育标识有困难；再根据下文中的“To cover the expense”可知是费用太高。cost意为“花费”，符合语境。mean 意味着；change改变；hurt伤害。故选B。
9．A.dry B．medical
C．healthy D．wild
解析：C　根据第三段最后的“dangerous”和第四段第二句中的“organic”可知，此处应表示把健康的马利筋草卖给人们。healthy意为“健康的”，符合语境。dry干燥的；medical医学的；wild野生的。故选C。
10．A.pleasing B．light
C．long D．disappointing
解析：C　根据空前的“Although”和下文的“finally succeeded in earning enough money”可知，此处应该是指募捐的日子很漫长(辛苦)。long 意为“漫长的”，符合语境。pleasing令人愉悦的；light明亮的； disappointing令人失望的。故选C。
11．A.project B．concept
C．schedule D．assignment
解析：A　上文提到她们与一个全国性的非营利组织合作，采取行动保护帝王蝶。由此可知，她们获得银河奖，是因为她们保护蝴蝶的这个项目。project意为“项目”，符合语境。concept概念；schedule计划；assignment任务。故选A。
12．A.concerned B．connected
C．finished D．occupied
解析：C　根据空后的“Our next step is to cut down on...”可知，她们的行动还未结束。finish意为“完成”，符合语境。concern担忧；connect连接；occupy占据。故选C。
13．A.chemicals B.time
C．funds D．energy
解析：A　根据文章第三段中的“widespread use of chemicals, which made the milkweeds(马利筋草) the monarchs 4 for their main diet dangerous to eat”以及下文“to guarantee a safe environment”可知，因化学物质的广泛使用帝王蝶的生存环境不安全，所以要减少化学品的使用，以保证帝王蝶拥有安全的环境。chemical 意为“化学制品”，符合语境。time时间；fund基金；energy精力。故选A。
14．A.quoted B．continued
C．replied D．commented
解析：D　根据下文的“I am so proud of them”可知，这是老师布莱恩评论的话语。comment意为“评论”，符合语境。quote引用；continue继续；reply回答。故选D。
15．A.donations B．support
C．patience D．efforts
解析：D　根据上文语境可知，二人为了保护帝王蝶不仅给帝王蝶种食物，进行保护帝王蝶的宣传活动，还筹钱来实现目标；由此可推出老师为她们不断的努力感到骄傲。effort意为“努力”，符合语境。donation捐赠；support支持；patience耐心。故选D。
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2025·昆明市摸底)
It was a sunny day this April, and I was flying with my boy off to Carnavon in my light aircraft to see a solar eclipse(日食).Looking out of the window, I was deeply absorbed in the picturesque scenery below.My son Jacob, 15, who was enthusiastic about flying, was in high spirits.
After 25 years in the mining industry, I'd quit my job to pursue a career in flying.Getting my commercial pilot license in September 2022, I believed this was my calling.
Jacob was a passionate flyer, who always enjoyed the flights with me.“What does this button do？” “How does it work？” “What is the function？” There were so many questions he'd ask curiously.I wonder if he'll be a pilot some day.
Watching the eclipse through our solar goggles (护目镜), we both were in amazement.After a bite of lunch, I did all my checks and refueled the plane before flying us back.
Flying back into the air, I headed toward Jandakot Airport, which was right near our house.
More than half way, I spotted some smoke in the air.Realizing we were flying over Lancelin where there'd been some nearby bush fires, I didn't think there was anything to panic about.Traveling south, we took in the lovely coastline.“This is beautiful！” Jacob exclaimed.
At around 5 p．m., just about five minutes to our destination, the engine suddenly decreased rapidly.Glancing over at my boy, I thought, “This is bad.” As I tried to bring the engine back to life, it worked only for a millisecond (毫秒), and then died again.“Okay mate, we've had an engine failure，” I said calmly to Jacob.The plane was dropping and we went from 1，800 feet to 1，500 in just 20 seconds.
Looking forward, I could see Jandakot Airport about 15 kilometers ahead.“We aren't going to make it，” I told myself.We only had another 60 seconds before making the decision.Looking down at Leighton Beach north of Fremantle below, I saw crowds of people on the beach.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应的位置作答。
But thankfully there were not many in the water behind the waves.
　　On the beach, I hugged my boy, thrilled.
【写作提示】
故事人物 作者、作者的儿子雅各布、沙滩上的人群
故事梗概 作者是一位飞行爱好者，并取得了商业飞行资格证，在一次带着儿子看完日食的返程飞行中，飞机引擎突然失灵。
续写要点 第一段：1.儿子帮助作者降落飞机；2.作者把飞机降落在海里；3.二人一起游上岸。 第二段：1.二人成功得救；2.作者继续保持对飞行的热情。
参考范文：
But thankfully there were not many in the water behind the waves.I turned the plane 180 degrees, with the nose as high as I could, so we wouldn't be turned over when we hit the water.“Dad, should I unlock the door？” Jacob asked, as the aircraft quickly neared the ocean.“Yes！”I yelled out.Then the plane violently hit the water and came to a sudden stop.I couldn't believe that, in just two minutes from the engine failing, we'd landed into the sea! We unfastened our safety belts, managed to get out and swam toward the shore.
On the beach, I hugged my boy, thrilled.I couldn't have done it without him—my cool, calm boy who helped me land the plane safely.Kind strangers wrapped us both in towels and blankets before medical, workers checked us over.Returning home, I was very upset that my beloved plane had fully sunk to the bottom of the sea.Just three days after the incident, I had a training flight again.Up in the air, I didn't feel frightened at all, but so calm in my happy place above the clouds.The plane going down was a low, but I'll always reach for the sky.

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