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(共53张PPT)
主谓一致
主谓一致
语法一致
意义一致
就近原则
主谓一致
语法一致
意义一致
就近原则
谓语动词的单复数根据主语的单复数形式而定
谓语动词的单复数与离它最近的主语保持一致
谓语动词的单复数根据句子主语所表达的意义来确定
Wukong has a magic staff.
悟空有一根魔法杖。
Reading is a good habit.
读书是一个好习惯。
主语成分 谓语 例句
动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句 单数 What he said is very important for us all.
不定代词each, every, either, neither, everything, nobody等 Each of us has a new dictionary.
the number of/one of＋名词复数 The number of students in our class is 32.
a pair/a kind＋of＋复数名词 A pair of gloves is lying on the table.
语法一致
单数篇
Every each neither either，悟空一眼定单数
不可数、三单怪，金箍棒下现原形
遇到news/maths别慌张，师父念咒镇场子！"
主语成分 谓语 例句
pairs/kinds＋of＋复数名词 复数 Sixty pairs of socks are sold every week on average in the shop.
a number of＋名词复数 A number of trees are cut down.
and或both... and...连接的名词或代词 Both John and Mike are students.
语法一致
复数篇
"and像扁担两头挑，复数动词跑不了
五妖七怪crowd聚，警察们齐把棒喝
看见both/many别犹豫，碗里馒头堆成山！"
Bajie and Wukong fight demons.
八戒和悟空对抗恶魔。
主语成分 谓语 例句
主语后有with, along with, together with， as well as等修饰的名词或代词 取决于 主语 Tom with his parents is atching TV.
a lot of/lots of/plenty of/ most of＋名词 Lots of people have been there.
分数或百分数＋of＋名词 Two thirds of the work has been finished.
语法一致
He as well as I wants to travel.
他和我都想去旅游。
复合句篇
定语从句跟猴王（先行词），
主语从句当单体，
倒装强调莫慌张，
火眼锁定最远妖！"
1. Both Mike and his sister Lucy good at Chinese.
A. is B. am C. are D. be
2. —Look! Someone ________ the icebox back to the corner.—Well, it wasn t me. I didn t do it.
A. has moved B. is moving C. was movingD. will move
3. So far, the number of people using 5G mobile phones ______ a lot.
A. is increasing B. are increasing
C. has increased D. have increased
4. This pair of jeans _______ nice.
A. look B. looks C. is look
5. Music along with other forms of art ________（play） an important role in our daily life.
C
A
C
B
语法一致原则---考点练习
plays
6. —Did you sleep well last night —Far from that! One of my neighbours ______ music pretty loud.
A. plays B. is playing C. was playing D. would play
7. —A number of students _______ in the dinning room.—Let me count. The number of the students _____ about 400.
A. are; is B. are; arC. is; are D. is; is
8. —________ the population of your city —About 80 thousand, I think.A. What are B. How much is C. How many are D. What is
9. Either of the boys ___ (know) the right answer. Let's ask them for help.10. Neither of the twins __________ (invite) to the party last night.
C
A
D
knows
was invited
语法一致原则---考点练习
（一）谓语动词为单数的情况
由and 连接的并列成分指的是同一概念， 兼具身份或匹配出现。
The worker and writer is from Wuhan. (那个工人兼作家…)
比较：
The worker and the writer are from Beijing. (那位工人和那位作家)
Bread and butter is a daily food in the West.
意义一致原则
1) Every … and (every)…
2) each …and (each…
3)no …and (no)…,
4) many a …and (many a)…连接两个单数名词作主语,谓语用单数。
Every desk and every chair is made of wood.
Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake.
2
意义一致原则
3
one/every one /each/either/ the number+of +复数名词作主语，
谓语用单数 .
Each of the students has a book.
意义一致原则
4. clothing, furniture, traffic, jewellery, baggage, equipment, luggage 等无生命的集合名词作主语。
Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area.
意义一致原则
5. 以s 结尾的词，但表示学科、国家、机构、 书籍、报刊等名称作主语。
意义一致原则
6. 表示时间、距离、金钱、等复数名词作主语， 表达一个整体概念时。
意义一致原则
7. 由any-,some-,no-和-one,-thing,-body等所构成的不定代词作主语。
8. 非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语
Collecting stamps is what he likes.
Whatever was left was taken away.
9. 单数名词、抽象名词、物质名词作主语。
意义一致原则
（二）谓语动词为复数的情况
由and 连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念。
Both bread and butter are sold out.
2. people , police, cattle 等有生命的集体名词 作主语。
The police are looking for the missing child.
3. goods, stairs, arms 等名词作主语。
4. 由山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等s 结尾的专有名词作主语。
The Olympic Games are held once every four years.
5. a number of /quantities of /a group of +名词作主语。
意义一致的原则
（三）谓语动词单、复数视情况而定
1. 集体名词class, family, army, team, club, population, enemy, party, crowd, crew, audience, public , government, majority, group等作主语。强调整体用单数，指单个成员用复数。
His family is a great one.
His family are music lovers.
2. means, works, pains等词，根据主语表达的概念而定。
The steel works is near the station.
Two new steel works are being built.
意义一致原则
3. “kind, sort, pair, type +名词” 作主语，以这些名词本身的单复数而定
4. all, none, some, any 等不定代词作主语，根据其指代的内容而定。
All are present .
All the food tastes good.
5. “half / most / enough / part / the rest / the last / lots / plenty / 分数、
百分数 + of + 名词”作主语:
谓语动词要和 of 之后的名词单复数保持一致。
意义一致原则
意义一致原则
意义一致原则
意义一致原则
意义一致原则
1. The young always ___ an important part in such activities.
A. plays B. play C. playing D. to play
2. My family usually_______bread，eggs and milk _______ breakfast．
A. has；for B. have；for C. has；on D. have；on
3. In front of these old houses __________ a river, which is not wide or deep but clean.
A. stand B. stands C. run D. runs
4. 80% of the students _______ to school by bus.
A. go B. goes C. attend D. attends
B
B
D
A
意义一致原则---考点练习
5. Sixty percent of my pocket money ___ from my mother.
A. get B. are C. come D. comes
6. People at the community centre _______a big family. They are helpful and kind to each other.
A. likes B. are like C. don t like D. looks like
7. Two hours of playing games ______(be) enough for you.
D
B
is
意义一致原则---考点练习
Either Bajie or the monkeys like fruits.
无论是八戒还是猴子都喜欢水果
由or , either …or, neither…nor, not only…but also 等连接的并列主语，谓语动词常和靠近的作主语的名词有单复数上保持一致。
Not only he but also I am invited.
Neither my gloves nor my hat goes with the dress.
就近一致原则
with , along with , together with , including , but , except , like , among , as well as , no more than , besides , rather than +名词”
置于主语后，谓语动词一般仍和前面的名词在单复数上保持一致。
The teacher with a number of students is in the classroom.
通关密语
单数复数要分清，
and连接必复数形，
不定代词单数跟，
就近原则看最近！
集合名词作主语，谓语的数如何确定
1．His family _______ a small one．
2．His family _______ fat and short．
A．is，is B．are，are
C．is，are D．are，is
此题应选C。family是一个集合名词，具有单数(侧重指整体)和复数(侧重指个体)两种可能
类似这种用法的词主要的有：
team(队，队员)，class(班，班上的全体学生)，crowd(人群)，government(政府)，crew(乘务员)，committee(委员会，委员们)，audience(听众)等：
This class consists of 45 students. Mr Green teaches it．
这个班45个学生，由格林先生教。
This class are all diligent. Mr Green teaches them.
这个班的学生都很用功，由格林先生教。
It was late, but the audience was increasing.
时间很迟了，但听众人数却在增加。
The audience were all moved to tears.
听众都感动得流了泪。
The team is the best in the league．
这个队在联赛中打得最好。
The football team are having baths．
足球队队员们在洗澡。
但是并不是所有的集合名词都具有以上两种用法：
1. 有的集合名词总是用作单数(不可数)：
clothing 衣服，poetry 诗歌，baggage／luggage 行李，furniture家俱，machinery 机械，scenery 景色，jewellery珠宝等。
2. 有的集合名词总是表示复数意义(但不用复数形式)：people人，police警察，cattle牲口等。
特殊篇
集体名词看整体
就近原则盯邻居
时间金钱单数算，
百分比例看后面
主从句里抓真主
插入语是障眼法！
谓语应该跟主语一致还是跟表语一致
We Chinese ____ a hard-working people．
A．is B．are
C．is being D．are being
此题应选B。这里应注意的是：我们通常说的是主谓一致（即谓语与主语保持一致），而不是表谓一致（即不是谓语与表语一致），本题意为：我们中国人是一个勤劳的民族。
注意以下类似例子：
These two dictionaries are a present for my best friend Jim．
The planets were the object of his study．
The most important thing I need is books．
The country's leading export is watches．
The best part of the meal is the coffee and cookies．
但是有些主语由于本身具有单数和复数两种可能，它的谓语到底用单数还是复数，要看具体 的语境（多数情况是看其后面词语的单复数）
例如：
Who is your brother？谁是你的兄弟？
Who are your brothers？哪些是你的兄弟？
What he said is quite correct．他所说的完全正确。
What he left me are only a few old books．他给我留下的只是几本旧书。
并列主语中谓语应与哪个保持一致 ？
You or he _______ to blame．
你或他有一人要受责备。
2. _______ you or he to blame
受责备的是你还是他？
A ．is ，Is B．are，Are
C．is，Are D． are，Is
在通常情况下，两个并列主语由 or，either…or， neither…nor，not…but，not only…but（also）
等连接时，其谓语通常与第二个主语（即临近的一个主语）保持一致，但是，在疑问句中则通常与第一个主语（即临近的一个主语）保持一致。
1．One or two days ____ enough to see the city．
A．is B．are
C．am D．be
2．Neither my wife nor I myself ____ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind．
A．is B．are
C．am D．be
3．Not only I but also Jane and Mary ____ tired of having one examination after another．
A ．is B ．are
C ．am D ．be
4．Not the teacher ，but the students ____ looking forward to seeing the film．
A ．is B ．are
C ．am D ．be
下列结构的谓语应与哪个主语保持一致？
A library with five thousand books ____ to the nation as a gift．
A．is offered B．has offered
C．are offered D．have offered
用连词and连接的两个并列主语，其谓语要用复数，但是若主语跟有with, like, but, except, besides, including, together with, along with, as well as, more than, no less than, rather than等连接的另一个名词，其谓语通常要与前面一个主语保持一致。
1．Nobody but Betty and Mary ____ late for class
yesterday．
A ．was B ．were
C ．has been D ．have been
2．A woman with some children ____ soon．
A．is coming B．are coming
C．has come D．have come
3．No one except my parents ____ anything about
this。
A．know B．knows
C．is known D．are known
4．The teacher as well as the students ____ the book already．
A ．has read B ．have read
C ．are reading D ．is reading
5．All but one ____ in the accident．
A ．was killed B ．were killed
C ．will be killed D ．are killed
终极口诀篇
单数复数要辨清，and连接必复数形
不定代词单数跟，就近原则看最近
集体名词分合体， 时间金钱作单兵
复合句子盯真主， 主谓一致取真经！

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