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2026年中考英语二轮专项复习：祈使句
一、 知识梳理：
祈使句用于表达命令、请求、建议、劝告、邀请、警告等。其主语you通常省略，句末用句号.或感叹号!，语气较强时用感叹号。
基本结构（肯定式）：
动词原形 + 其他成分.
Open the door, please.(请求) 请打开门。
Be quiet!(命令) 安静！
Have a good time.(祝愿) 玩得开心。
Let’s go for a walk.(建议) 我们去散步吧。
基本结构（否定式）：
Don’t + 动词原形 + 其他成分.
Don’t be late.不要迟到。
Don’t run in the hallway.不要在走廊里跑。
Never + 动词原形 + 其他成分. (语气更强)
Never give up!永不放弃！
Let’s / Let us 的否定式：
Let’s not argue.我们别吵了。
Don’t let us down.别让我们失望。(注意：Don’t let us...比Let’s not...更强调外部阻止)
特殊形式：
以Be开头的祈使句：Be是系动词原形。
Be careful!小心！
Be a good student.做个好学生。
以Let开头的祈使句：
Let me help you.让我帮你。(第一人称)
Let him try.让他试试。(第三人称)
Let’s start now.我们现在开始吧。(第一人称复数，包括说话对象)
祈使句 + and / or + 陈述句：相当于if引导的条件句。
Work hard, and you will pass the exam.=If you work hard, you will pass the exam.努力学习，你就会通过考试。
Hurry up, or you will miss the train.=If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the train.快点，否则你会错过火车。
“No + 动名词/名词”：常用于表示禁止的标语、公告。
No smoking!禁止吸烟！
No photos!禁止拍照！
No entry!禁止入内！
二、 典型例题解析
考查肯定祈使句：
例题：Please _____ (turn) off the lights when you leave.
解析：此处是请求，应用祈使句肯定式。答案：turn(动词原形)。
考查否定祈使句：
例题：_____ (not, be) afraid to ask questions if you don’t understand.
解析：此处是劝告，应用祈使句否定式。答案：Don’t be。
考查Let引导的祈使句：
例题：_____ (we, go) to the library after school.
解析：此处是建议，包括说话双方。答案：Let’s go。
考查and/or结构：
例题：_____ (Study) hard, _____ you will fall behind.
解析：根据句意“努力学习，否则你会落后”，应用or。答案：Study, or。
三、 易错点辨析
混淆祈使句与一般现在时：
错例：You open the window.(在表达命令/请求时，应省略you)
正确：Open the window.(祈使句) 或You should open the window.(陈述句)
Be动词忘记用原形：
错例：Are careful!
正确：Be careful!
Let’s与Let us的区别：
Let’s go.(包括听话者：我们一起去吧)
Let us go.(请求对方允许：请让我们走吧)
否定形式错误：
错例：Not be late.
正确：Don’t be late.
四、 分层训练营
A. 基础巩固练
_____ down and have a rest. You look tired. A. Sit B. To sit C. Sitting D. Sat
_____ make so much noise! The baby is sleeping. A. Not B. Don’t C. Doesn’t D. Didn’t
_____ me help you with the heavy box. A. Let B. Let’s C. Allowed D. To let
_____ careful with that glass. It’s very expensive. A. Is B. Are C. Be D. Being
_____ forget to bring your student ID card tomorrow. A. Not B. Don’t C. Doesn’t D. Didn’t
_____ go to the cinema tonight. There’s a new film on. A. Let B. Let’s C. Allowed D. To let
Read the instructions carefully _____ you’ll know how to use it. A. and B. but C. or D. so
_____ talk during the exam. It’s against the rules. A. Not B. Don’t C. Doesn’t D. Didn’t
_____ your homework before you watch TV. A. Finishing B. Finish C. To finish D. Finished
_____ me know if you need any help. A. Let B. Let’s C. Allowed D. To let
B. 能力提升练 (Rewrite the sentences using imperative sentences)
You should water the flowers every day. (建议) → _______________________________________________________________
You must not park your car here. (禁止) → _______________________________________________________________We should go for a picnic this weekend. (建议)
._______________________________________________________________
You are advised to be patient with children. (劝告) → _______________________________________________________________
If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the bus. (用or连接) → _______________________________________________________________
You are not allowed to smoke in the building. (禁止) → _______________________________________________________________
I want you to pass me the salt. (请求) → _______________________________________________________________
If you listen to the teacher carefully, you will understand better. (用and连接) → _______________________________________________________________
You must be careful when crossing the street. (警告) → _______________________________________________________________
It’s better for us not to waste time. (建议) → _______________________________________________________________
六、 参考答案与解析
四、 分层训练营答案
A. 基础巩固练
1.A 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. A
B. 能力提升练 (参考答案)
Water the flowers every day.
Don’t park your car here. / No parking here.
Let’s go for a picnic this weekend.
Be patient with children.
Hurry up, or you will miss the bus.
Don’t smoke in the building. / No smoking in the building.
Pass me the salt, please.
Listen to the teacher carefully, and you will understand better.
Be careful when crossing the street!
Let’s not waste time.

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