2026年河南中考英语专题复习(人教版) 专题二 代词 课件(共52张PPT)

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2026年河南中考英语专题复习(人教版) 专题二 代词 课件(共52张PPT)

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(共52张PPT)
 代词
专题二
河南中考命题特点及预测
  分析河南近四年中考真题可知,代词是必考考点,通常在完形填空和语篇填空题型中考查。 代词考查的知识点包括人称代词、物主代词、不定代词、关系代词、it的用法等。 代词的命题特点主要如下:
1. 人称代词主要在语篇填空中考查,偶尔在完形填空中考查,涉及人称代词的主格、主格变宾格、主格变形容词性物主代词等。不定代词、关系代词、it的用法等主要在语篇填空中考查,涉及常见不定代词的用法区别、关系代词that或which引导定语从句、it在固定句型中作形式主语等;
2. 复合不定代词、反身代词和名词性物主代词等在近四年中未考查。
考查项目 年份 题型 题号 考查内容 语境呈现
物主代词 2025 语篇填空 56 he→his He was well-known for his own way of painting with excellent skills.
物主代词 2024 语篇填空 59 he→his When he woke up, he found his coins were gone.
关系代词 69 that/which It is an interesting story that/which teaches us to work together and share.
考查项目 年份 题型 题号 考查内容 语境呈现
疑问代词 2023 语篇填空 56 what Do you remember we once talked about what jobs and careers(职业) we might do in the future?
物主代词 57 I→my I’m finding it very difficult to make up my mind.
关系代词 69 that/who This museum is very interesting to the visitors that/who are interested in the nation’s written history.
考查项目 年份 题型 题号 考查内容 语境呈现
物主代词 2022 语篇填空 58 they→their Children do not wash their hands often enough or long enough.
关系代词 61 which As the name suggests,Soapen is a pen which is made out of soap.
it的用法 68 it For example, it took me much time to learn new words when I began learning Chinese.
中考语法考点透析
命题点1 人称代词
人称代词是用来指人或事物的代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化。
1. 人称代词的人称、数和格的变化
数 格 人称 单数 复数 主格 宾格 主格 宾格
第一人称 I me we us
第二人称 you you you you
第三人称 he him they them
she her it it 2. 人称代词的用法
人称代词的主格在句中作主语;宾格在句中作宾语,用在动词或介词后,也可作表语,用在be动词或系动词之后。如:
(1)I saw her walking across the busy street.我看见她穿过繁忙的街道。
(I是主语,her是动词saw的宾语)
(2)Can you help look after him for a while?你能帮忙照看他一会儿吗?
(you是主语,him是介词after的宾语)
(3)—Who’s the girl in the photo?照片上的女孩是谁?
—It’s me.是我。(me是be动词is的表语)
3. 人称代词的语序
第一、二、三人称代词并列作主语时,它们的顺序是:单数形式(二、三、一),即you,he and I;复数形式(一、二、三),即we,you and they。如:
You,he and I are good friends.你、他和我是好朋友。
We,you and they all enjoy music.我们、你们和他们都喜欢音乐。
4. 代词it的常见用法
(1)指代上文中提到过的事物。如:
You have saved my life.I will never forget it.你救了我的命,我永远不会忘记这个。
(2)指代时间、地点、距离、天气、温度等。如:
It’s a long time since they left.他们已经离开很久了。
It was raining this morning.今天上午在下雨。
It’s quite warm at the moment.现在天气相当暖和。
(3)指不知性别的婴儿或无法确定的人。如:
Her baby’s due next month.She hopes it will be a boy.她的孩子下个月出生。她希望会是个男孩。
Someone is knocking at the door.It must be Jim.有人在敲门,一定是吉姆。
(4)作形式主语,代替不定式或从句等真正的主语,常用于以下句型:
如:
It is difficult for him to make a decision.做决定对他而言是很难的。
It is necessary that you finish your work on time.你必须准时完成工作。
It’s no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。
It seems that she is not afraid of it at all.她看起来好像一点也不害怕。
(5)作形式宾语,代替由动词不定式或从句等表示的真正宾语,常用在find,feel,make,think,discover等词后。如:
I think it important to protect the environment.我认为保护环境很重要。
I find it easy enough to get on with Pam.我觉得与帕姆相处很容易。
用合适的人称代词填空。
1. (2025福建改编)—I am going to meet Miss Chen in two days.
—Please send my best wishes to  her .
2. (2025黑龙江改编)There is no yogurt and no tomatoes on the shopping list.We need to add  them  to the salad.
3. (2025黑龙江绥化改编)The lights are still on and please turn
 them  off to save energy.
her 
them 
them 
命题点2 物主代词
物主代词是表示所有关系的代词,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。
1. 物主代词的分类
数 格 人称 单数 复数 形容词性 名词性 形容词性 名词性
第一人称 my mine our ours
第二人称 your yours your yours
第三人称 his his their theirs
her hers it its 2. 物主代词的用法
(1)形容词性物主代词在句中作定语,修饰名词,一般不单独使用。如:
This is my computer.这是我的电脑。
We’ll visit their new house this weekend.我们这周末将去参观他们的新房子。
(2)形容词性物主代词+own+名词,表示强调。如:
There is something wrong with her own smartphone.她自己的智能手机出问题了。
(3)名词性物主代词可以作主语、表语和宾语,其后不能跟名词。名词性物主代词相当于 “形容词性物主代词+名词”。如:
This is not my backpack.Mine is black,over there.(Mine=My backpack)这不是我的背包。我的背包是黑色的,在那里。
Whose dictionary is it,yours or his?(yours=your dictionary;his=his dictionary)这是谁的词典,你的还是他的?
用括号内所给代词的适当形式填空。
4. (2025天津改编)  My (I) sister is in the school tennis team.I’m proud of  her (she).
5. (2025江苏扬州改编)Red squirrels depend on  their (they) thicker winter fur and food hidden in autumn to survive.
6. —Do these soft toys belong to Tina?
—No, they are not  hers (she).They are  mine (I).
My 
her 
their 
hers 
mine 
7. Do the villagers know  their (they) birds are to be loved now?
their 
命题点3 反身代词
反身代词是表示反射(指一个动作反射到该动作的施动者本身)或强调(即用来加强名词或代词的语气)的代词。
1. 反身代词的形式
数 人称 单数 复数
第一人称 myself ourselves
第二人称 yourself yourselves
第三人称 himself themselves
herself itself 2. 反身代词的用法
(1)反身代词可以在句中作宾语、表语、同位语。如:
Be careful!Don’t hurt yourself!当心!别伤到自己!
She is not herself today.她今天不在状态。
The matter itself is not serious.那件事情本身并不严重。
(2)反身代词常与其他词连用,构成固定搭配。常见的有:
keep sth. to oneself 保守秘密
prove oneself 证明自己
buy oneself sth. 给自己买某物
enjoy oneself 玩得开心
help oneself to… 随便吃点……
look after oneself 照顾自己
learn sth.by oneself 自学某事
make oneself at home 别拘束
dress oneself 穿着;打扮
用括号内所给代词的适当形式填空。
8. Feeding the giraffes is a big part of her job,and she can feed them by  herself (she).
9. The little boy is too young to dress  himself (he).
10. Sleeping well, eating right, and taking deep breaths help look after  ourselves (we) well.
11. Because of these wonderful childhood experiences, I hold such a special feeling for spring  myself (I).
herself 
himself 
ourselves 
myself 
12. In winter, all flowers were gone; only the little weed stood alone in the field  itself (it).
itself 
命题点4 指示代词
指示代词是用来指出或者标示人或物的代词。
1. 指示代词的分类
单数 复数
this(这个) these(这些)
that(那个) those(那些)
2. 指示代词的用法
(1) this(复数形式these)指代时间或空间上较近的人或物;而that(复数形式those)用来指代时间或空间上较远的人或物,或在文中代指前面提到的事物。如:
This is an apple and that is an orange.这是一个苹果,那是一个橙子。
She had an accident on the way to school yesterday.That’s why she was absent today.昨天她在上学的路上出了意外,所以她今天缺席。
I have read all these storybooks.所有这些故事书我都读过了。
(2)在电话用语中,常用this来指自己,that来指对方。如:
This is Bill.Who’s that speaking?我是比尔,你是谁?
3. 辨析it,one和that
代词 用法 例句
it 代替上文中提到的名词,与该名词是同一事物 I like your scarf very much.It is nice.我喜欢你的围巾。它很漂亮。
one 代替上文中提到的可数名词同类中的任何一个,而不是这个名词本身。其复数形式为ones,one和ones前也可以有定语修饰 What a cool car!I really want to buy one in the future.这辆车太酷了吧!未来我真的想去买一辆。
I keep four cats,two white ones and two black ones.我养了四只猫,两只白的,两只黑的。
代词 用法 例句
that 常用于比较结构中,代替上文中提到的名词,以避免重复,复数为those Farms in France are much smaller than those in the United States or even Britain.法国的农场比美国甚至是英国的农场都要小很多。
用合适的指示代词填空。
13. —Which person is your uncle, on the right or left?
—The  one  on the right.
14. (2025江苏苏州改编)Groups of hermit crabs gather to exchange shells.Sometimes, they fight over shells or line up to get the best  ones .
15. (2025广东改编)So far, she has invented many dishes with special tastes.All  these/those  dishes are popular with customers.
one 
ones 
these/those 
命题点5 不定代词
普通不定代词
常考的易混淆的普通不定代词主要有以下几组:
(1)many/much/some/any/(a) few/(a) little
代词 用法 例句
many “许多”,代替或修饰可数名词复数 There are many people in the park.公园里有很多人。
much “许多”,代替或修饰不可数名词 You needn’t take much money.你不必带很多钱。
代词 用法 例句
some “一些”,既可以代替或修饰可数名词,又可以代替或修饰不可数名词;多用在肯定句中,还可以用在表示邀请、请求或希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中 —You must be thirsty.Can I get you some water?你一定渴了。我给你拿些水,好吗?
—Thanks.谢谢。
代词 用法 例句
any “一些”,既可以代替或修饰可数名词,又可以代替或修饰不可数名词;多用在否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中;用在肯定句中表示“任何一个/些” —Are there any apples in the fridge?冰箱里有苹果吗?
—Yes,there are some./No,there aren’t any.是的,有一些。/不,没有。
代词 用法 例句
few “几乎没有”,代替或修饰可数名词复数,表否定意义 I have few friends in this town.我在这个城镇里几乎没有朋友。
little “几乎没有”,代替或修饰不可数名词,表否定意义 Little milk is left.Let’s go to buy some.牛奶几乎没有了。咱们去买点吧。
代词 用法 例句
a few “一些,少量”,代替或修饰可数名词复数,表肯定意义 Ken gave me a few cards.肯给了我几张卡片。
a little “一点,少量”,代替或修饰不可数名词,表肯定意义 Could you give me a little bread?你能给我一些面包吗?
(2)either/neither/both/all/none
代词 用法 例句
与两者相关 either “(两者中) 任何一个”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数;either…or…“或者……或者……,要么……要么……”,连接并列结构作主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近原则” —Where will you go on vacation,Kunming or Sanya?你要去哪里度假,昆明还是三亚?
—Either is possible.It’s up to my mom.哪儿都有可能。那取决于我妈妈。
代词 用法 例句
与两者相关 neither “两者都不”,neither… nor…“既不……也不……”,连接并列结构作主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近原则” Neither Tom nor I am interested in chemistry.汤姆和我对化学都不感兴趣。
both “两者都”,both…and…“……和……(两者都)”,连接并列结构作主语时,谓语动词用复数 Both of my parents like swimming in summer.我爸爸妈妈在夏天都喜欢游泳。
代词 用法 例句
与三者及以上相关 all “(三者或三者以上) 全部”,作主语时,谓语动词的单复数受其后名词的影响 All of the students prefer staying indoors to hanging outside because of the hot weather.由于天气炎热,所有的学生都宁愿待在室内而不愿出去闲逛。
none “(三者或三者以上中) 没有一个”,作主语时,谓语动词用单复数均可 None of the questions is/are about school life.没有一个问题是关于学校生活的。
(3)no one/none
用法 no one none
指代对象 只能指代人 可以指代人或物
谓语 动词 只能用单数。如: No one is here.没有人在这里。 none代替不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;代替可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单复数均可。如:
None of the students know/knows about the exciting news.没有一个学生知道这个激动人心的消息。
用法 no one none
是否能和of连用 否 是
提问方式 疑问词用who。如: —Who was late?谁迟到了? —No one.没人迟到。 疑问词用how many。如:
—How many birds are there in the tree?树上有几只鸟?
—None.一只也没有。
(4)every/each
代词 用法 例句
every 强调整体,指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“一个”,其后不可加of,仅用作定语,不可单独使用 Every man can be a great cook.每个人都能成为一名优秀的厨师。
each 强调个体,指两者或两者以上的人或物中的“一个”,可与of连用,也可单独使用 Each of them paid attention to what the other said.他们两个都注意听对方所说的话。
(5)other/the other/others/the others/another
代词 用法 例句
other 泛指“其他的(人或物)”,一般用作定语,修饰复数名词或不可数名词 I’ve got some other friends I’d like to invite.我还想邀请一些其他朋友。
代词 用法 例句
the other 特指“二者中的另一个(人或物)”,常与one连用,构成“one…the other…”;作定语修饰复数名词时,表示“其余全部的” I have two bikes.One is red,and the other is blue.我有两辆自行车。一辆是红色的,另一辆是蓝色的。
There are thirty students here.Ten come from Class Five.Eight are from Class Seven.And the other students are from Class Ten.这里有三十个学生。五班十个,七班八个,剩下的都是十班的。
代词 用法 例句
others 泛指“其他的(人或物)”,相当于“other+复数名词”,不能作定语,常与some连用,构成“some…others…” Look!How happy they are!Some are singing,and others are dancing.看!他们多开心啊!一些人在唱歌,另一些人在跳舞。
the others 特指“余下所有的(人或物)”,相当于“the other+复数名词”,不能作定语 Helen is taller than the others in our class.海伦比我们班其他学生都高。
代词 用法 例句
another 泛指“(三者或三者以上中的) 另一个”,可用作定语;还可以和数词以及复数名词连用,表示“几个”,another+数词+名词复数=数词+more+名词复数 What delicious cakes!May I have another one?多么美味的蛋糕啊!我能再吃一个吗?
The doctor says I should stay in bed for another two days(=two more days).医生说我应该再卧床休息两天。
复合不定代词
初中阶段常见的复合不定代词:
-one someone anyone everyone no one
-body somebody anybody everybody nobody
-thing something anything everything nothing
(1)复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语和表语,不能作定语。作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。如:
Is everyone here?人都到齐了吗?
Someone is knocking at the door.有人敲门。
Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.心之所愿,无事不成。
(2)当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时,形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词之后。如:
I found something interesting in English learning.我发现英语学习的有趣之处了。
Someone friendly can be easy to make friends with.友好的人容易与之交朋友。
提分速记
代词 用法 例句
something 意为“某事;某物”,通常用在肯定句中;还可以用在表示邀请、请求或希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中 I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情要告诉你。
—Would you like something to eat?你想要一些吃的吗?
—Yes,please.是的,请给我一些。
代词 用法 例句
anything 意为“某事,某物”,通常用在否定句或疑问句中;anything还可以用在肯定句中,此时表示“任何事情;任何东西” Did you find anything in the room?你在房间里找到什么东西了吗?
You can buy anything you want on the Internet.你在网上可以买到任何你想要的东西。
代词 用法 例句
nothing 意为“没有任何东西/事情”,相当于not… anything There is nothing in the bottle.瓶子里什么都没有。
Nothing is impossible if you work hard.如果你努力工作,没有什么事情是不可能的。
everything 意为 “一切,任何事情” Everything will be fine.Don’t worry.
一切都会好起来的,别担心。
代词 用法 例句
somebody 意为“某人;重要人物,大人物” Somebody has cleaned the classroom.有人已经打扫过教室了。
She always thinks that she is somebody.她总认为自己是个重要人物。
nobody 意为“没有人;无足轻重的人,小人物(此时为名词)” Nobody is allowed to come here.这里不允许任何人进入。
He is regarded as a nobody in this group.在这个团队中,他被看作是无足轻重的人物。
用合适的不定代词填空。
16. There must be  something  wrong with his car, because we can hear a noise from it.
17. (2025黑龙江改编)I am really tired after the basketball game.  Nothing  is better than a good rest.
18. (2025四川遂宁改编)—At Chengdu Research Base, the panda, Huahua, is very popular and people stand in a long line to see her.
—She is so lovely that  nobody  could say no to her.
something 
Nothing 
nobody 
19. (2025福建改编)My parents love our hometown so much that  both  of them have gone back to help build a new countryside.
20. (2025四川成都改编)Miss Li always has a lot of work to do.For her,  nothing  is more important than a proper plan.
21. (2025黑龙江改编)—The math problem was difficult.Did you ask your teacher for help or search for it on the Internet?
—  Neither .I worked it out by myself.
both 
nothing 
Neither 

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