2026年河南中考英语专题复习(人教版) 专题十二 简单句 课件(共78张PPT)

资源下载
  1. 二一教育资源

2026年河南中考英语专题复习(人教版) 专题十二 简单句 课件(共78张PPT)

资源简介

(共78张PPT)
 简单句
专题十二
河南中考命题特点及预测
  分析河南近四年中考真题可知,简单句是必考点,主要集中在补全对话中,完形填空和语篇填空中也少有涉及。解答此类试题的重点是掌握常见交际场合的用语、把握简单句的基本特征、疑问句的结构、常见句型(如There be)以及What和How构成的感叹句的基本结构等。简单句的命题主要有以下特点:
1. 对肯定句和疑问句的考查主要在补全对话中;
2. 对祈使句和There be句型的考查较少,近几年只在2020年语篇填空中考查了1 次。对感叹句的考查在近四年中未出现。
考查项目 年份 题型 题号 考查内容 语境呈现
陈述句 2025 补全对话 71 陈述去某处 B:Hi, Dora.I’m good.Where are you going?
A: I’m going to the robotics club.
疑问句 72 询问情况 B:The robotics club? I know little about it.What is it about?
A:It’s a club where we can learn many things about robotics and technology.
考查项目 年份 题型 题号 考查内容 语境呈现
疑问句 2025 补全对话 73 询问情况 B:Cool!What do you usually do in the club?
A:We often listen to some interesting talks about robotics, and do some projects.
考查项目 年份 题型 题号 考查内容 语境呈现
疑问句 2024 补全对话 71 询问情况 B:You know what?I am looking forward to the summer vacation.But I haven’t decided where to go yet.Can/Could you
give me some advice/Can/Could you help me/Any places to suggest/What’s your advice/suggestion/idea/Do you have any suggestions/advice/ideas/Have you got any suggestions/advice/ideas?
A:Ummm … Let me see.
考查项目 年份 题型 题号 考查内容 语境呈现
疑问句 2024 补全对话 72 询问情况 A:Ummm … Let me see.What/How about (going to) my home town/Why don’t you go to my hometown/Why not go to my hometown/Would you like to go to my hometown?
B: Your hometown?
考查项目 年份 题型 题号 考查内容 语境呈现
疑问句 2024 补全对话 73 询问位置 A:Yes.It is Xinxian County.
B:Where is it/Where is Xinxian/Where is your hometown?
A:It is in the south of Henan.Xinxian is a good place with mountains and rivers.It’s famous as the county of the generals.
考查项目 年份 题型 题号 考查内容 语境呈现
疑问句 2023 补全对话 71 询问情况 A:Hey,Leilei!Have you got any plans for the weekend?
B:Not yet.Any suggestions/advice/ideas/opinions/
plans/Do you have any suggestions/advice/ideas/
opinions/plans/Do you have any plans for the weekend/How/What about you/What’s your plan/idea/opinion/suggestion/advice?
考查项目 年份 题型 题号 考查内容 语境呈现
疑问句 2023 补全对话 72 询问情况 A:I heard the Science and Technology Center is a great place to visit.Do you want to go (there) with me/Would you like to go (there) with me/How/What about going there together/Shall we go (there) together/Why not go there with me?
B:I am sorry,but I have been there already.
74 询问做过的事 A:What did you do (there)?
B:We watched a video about how Shenzhou-16 was sent into space successfully.
考查项目 年份 题型 题号 考查内容 语境呈现
陈述句 2022 补全对话 71 陈述做某事 A:Hi,Alex.How are you doing today?
B:As busy as a bee.I’m busy doing a project/my project.
A:A project?
74 谈论事情 A:No problem.Please tell me what you are going to talk about in your project.
B:Hmm,let me see… (I’m going to talk about) Henan history/food/culture.
考查项目 年份 题型 题号 考查内容 语境呈现
疑问句 2022 补全对话 72 询问内容 B:Yes.It’s my English homework.
A:Sounds interesting.What’s it about?
B:It is about my hometown.We are going to make an introduction to Henan.We hope people will get to know more about my hometown.
考查项目 年份 题型 题号 考查内容 语境呈现
疑问句 2022 补全对话 73 表示请求 B:But I don’t know how to make it more creative.Can/Could/Would/Will you (please) give me some advice/suggestions?
A:No problem.Please tell me what you are going to talk about in your project.
考查项目 年份 题型 题号 考查 内容 语境呈现
疑问句 2022 补全对话 75 表示请求和许可 B:Good idea.Would you like to go with me/join me/us?
A:Sure,I’d love to.Let’s go.
中考语法考点透析
  英语句子按结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。如果句子只包含一个主谓结构,而句子各个成分都只由单词或短语构成,它就是简单句。简单句的五种基本句型如下:
句型 特征 例句
主语+不及物动词(S+V) 谓语动词为不及物动词,其后可接状语表示修饰 My head aches.我头疼。
The train has arrived.
火车到了。
句型 特征 例句
主语+及物动词+宾语(S+V+O) 谓语动词为及物动词,后面必须跟宾语 His friends often
encourage him.他的朋友经常鼓励他。
You have promised to come.你已经答应来了。
句型 特征 例句
主语+系动词+表语(S+V+P) 该句型中的动词必须是be动词或其他系动词,表语可能是形容词、名词、代词、副词、介词短语等 His greatest wish was to be a famous artist.他的最大愿望就是成为一名著名的艺术家。
Alice is like her father.艾丽丝像她父亲。
句型 特征 例句
主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO) 该句型中的谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接宾语;一个是表示物的直接宾语。间接宾语一般在前面,直接宾语在后面。有时直接宾语和间接宾语可以对调,这时,间接宾语前应加上介词to,for或of He showed me a new TV set.他向我展示了一台新电视。
This will save you much time.这将为你节约大量的时间。
He offered a job to her.他向她提供了一份工作。
句型 特征 例句
主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+C) 该句型中的谓语动词通常是使役动词、感官动词,如make(使得),let(让),have(使),see(看见)等,宾语补足语用于补充说明宾语的特点、身份等 My father has two men working for him.我爸爸雇了两个人为他干活。
You’d better keep the dog out.你最好别让那只狗进来。
注意:两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起而构成的句子叫作并列句,其基本结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要,相互之间没有从属关系,是平行并列的关系,它们之间用并列连词连接。常见的并列句有:
1. 表示“另加/连续”的并列连词and,both… and…,not only… but (also)…,as well,and then等连接的并列句。如:
He not only spoke clearly but he wrote in large letters on the blackboard as well.他不仅讲得很清楚,而且还在黑板上用大字体写板书。
2. 表示“转折/对比”的并列连词but,yet,while(然而)等连接的并列句。如:
Nodding the head means agreement,while shaking it means disagreement.点头表示同意,而摇头表示不同意。
3. 表示“选择”的并列连词either… or…,or等连接的并列句。如:
There might be a big fire,or an important person might die.可能发生了火灾,或者某个重要人物去世了。
4. 表示“结果”的并列连词so,therefore等连接的并列句。如:
Learning new words and useful expressions is very important for me,so I read China Daily every day.学习新单词和有用的表达对我来说都很重要,所以我每天都看《中国日报》。
5. 表示“原因”的并列连词for等连接的并列句。如:
Strangely,they looked as if they were twins,for they looked so much like each other.说来奇怪,他们看上去好像是双胞胎,因为他们彼此长得太像了。
命题点1 陈述句
用来陈述一件事或表示一种看法的句子叫陈述句。陈述句有肯定和否定两种形式,句末通常用句号。
肯定式
句式:主语+谓语 (+其他)。如:
Mary gets up at half past six.玛丽在六点半起床。
The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。
One careless move may lose the whole game.一着不慎,满盘皆输。
否定式
1. be动词、助动词和情态动词变否定形式,须在其后直接加not。如:
My mother is not a doctor.我妈妈不是医生。
She hasn’t finished the task.她还没有完成这项任务。
You shouldn’t tell him the truth.你不应该告诉他真相。
We cannot live without air.没有空气我们不能生存。
I don’t get the chance to go on a trip for free.我没有得到免费旅游的机会。
My aunt doesn’t like watching TV plays.我姑姑不喜欢看电视剧。
She didn’t do her homework.她没有做作业。
2. 如果句子的谓语动词是行为动词且又没有助动词或情态动词,在谓语动词前加助动词do(第三人称单数用does,过去式用did),再加not(也可写成don’t,doesn’t,didn’t) 构成否定式。如:
4. not与every,both,all,everyone,everything,everybody等搭配构成的否定句叫部分否定句。如:
Not all birds can fly.不是所有的鸟都会飞。
3. 除not外,其他否定词(no,never,none,nobody等)也可以构成否定式。如:
He has no brothers.他没有兄弟。
She is never late for school.她上学从不迟到。
按要求完成下列句子。
1. (2025安徽改编)But I knew how much water was needed yesterday.(改为否定句)
But I  didn’t  know how much water was needed yesterday.
2. (2025甘肃白银改编)I have been learning robotics since I was in Grade 7.(改为否定句)
I  haven’t  been learning robotics since I was in Grade 7.
didn’t 
haven’t 
3. (2025广西改编)Some famous actors will perform Beijing Opera in our school next Monday.(改为否定句)
Some famous actors  won’t  perform Beijing Opera in our school next Monday.
4. (2025黑龙江龙东改编)Cross the road when the traffic lights are red.(改为否定句)
 Don’t  cross the road when the traffic lights are red.
won’t 
Don’t 
5. (2025广东改编)She remembered that she would always sit there and watch Mom cooking.(改为否定句)
She  didn’t remember  that she would always sit there and watch Mom cooking.
didn’t remember 
命题点2 疑问句
用以提问的句子叫疑问句。疑问句包括一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。
1. 一般疑问句
一般疑问句表示询问事物或某种情况是否属实,需要对方给予肯定或否定回答。一般疑问句通常是把be 动词、助动词、情态动词置于句首,直接用 yes 或 no 来回答的问句。如:
—Are you the only kid in your family?你是家里的独生子女吗?
—Yes,I am./No,I am not.是的,我是。/不,我不是。
注意:
(1)如果提问人对答案没有肯定或否定的意向,句中常用非肯定词。如:
Is there anything wrong with your car?你的车出毛病了吗?
(2)如果提问人希望得到肯定的回答,则句中常用肯定词。如:
Would you like some drink?你想喝点什么吗?
(3)回答含有否定词的一般疑问句时,要在yes后用肯定结构,表示肯定;在no后用否定结构,表示否定,但其中文翻译与原义正好相反。如:
—Isn’t it your English book?这不是你的英语书吗?
—Yes,it is./No,it isn’t.不,这是。/是的,这不是。
2. 特殊疑问句
特殊疑问句是把疑问代词what,who,whom,whose,which和疑问副词when,where,how,why 放在句首提问的句子,答语需要针对问句中的疑问代词或疑问副词来回答,不能用yes或no来回答。
(1)疑问代词
疑问代词 用法 例句
what “什么” 询问事物或抽象概念;询问职业或身份 What’s the matter?怎么了?
What’s your father?你父亲是做什么的?
疑问代词 用法 例句
who “谁” 对人进行提问 Who is singing in the room?谁在房间里唱歌?
which “哪一个; 哪一些” 询问范围中的哪一个 Which is better exercise,swimming or tennis?游泳和网球,哪种运动比较好?
whose “谁的” 询问所属关系 Whose watch is this?这是谁的手表?
(2)疑问副词
疑问副词 用法 例句
how “怎么样” 询问方式、健康、特征 How did you get the kite?你是怎么得到这个风筝的?
How are you?你好吗?
How was the movie?这部电影怎么样?
where “在哪里” 询问地点 Where can I get off the bus?我在哪里下车?
疑问副词 用法 例句
when “什么时候” 询问时间 When will you come back to Zhengzhou? 你什么时候回到郑州?
why “为什么” 询问原因 Why do you like animals?你为什么喜欢动物?
(3)疑问词组
疑问词组 用法 例句
how long “多久” 询问时间的长短或物品的长度 How long have you been living in this country?你在这个国家居住多久了?
How long is the bridge?这座桥有多长?
how often “多久一次” 询问频率 How often do you brush your teeth?你多久刷一次牙?
疑问词组 用法 例句
how much “多少钱; 多少” 询问价格或者不可数名词的数量 How much does it cost to become a member?要成为会员得花多少钱?
How much water do you need?你要多少水?
how soon “多久以后” 常用in 短语作答 —How soon will the boy leave Shanghai?这个男孩什么时候离开上海?
—In one year.一年以后。
疑问词组 用法 例句
what size “多大” 询问尺寸 或大小 What size bowl of noodles do you want?你想要多大碗的面?
what color “什么颜色” 询问颜色 What color do you like best?你最喜欢什么颜色?
what time “什么时间” 询问时间点  What time can you finish your lesson?你的课什么时间能结束?
3. 选择疑问句
选择疑问句是说话者提供两种或两种以上的情况,要求对方选择一种情况回答的问句。
(1)一般选择疑问句结构:一般疑问句+or+一般疑问句(第二个一般疑问句常用省略结构,省去意义上与第一个一般疑问句相同的部分)。如:
—Do you like swimming or skating?你喜欢游泳还是滑冰?
—I like swimming.我喜欢游泳。
(2)特殊选择疑问句结构:特殊疑问句+A+or+B。如:
Which season do you like better,summer or winter?你更喜欢哪个季节,夏天还是冬天?
(3)选择疑问句不用yes或no回答,可用完整的陈述句或其简略形式作答,也可用不定代词all,either,neither或none作答,只要根据实际情况回答即可。如:
—Is he tall or short?他高还是矮?
—He isn’t tall or short.He is of medium height.他不高不矮,中等身高。
—Which city do you like better,Hangzhou or Suzhou?你更喜欢哪个城市,杭州还是苏州?
—I like Hangzhou better.我更喜欢杭州。
—Will you go there by bus or by subway?你准备乘公交车还是乘地铁去
那儿?
—Neither.都不是。
4. 反意疑问句
反意疑问句是附加在陈述句之后,对陈述部分所述事实或观点提出疑问的句子。附加反意疑问部分要与前面的陈述部分用逗号隔开,句末用问号。如果陈述部分是肯定结构,附加反意疑问部分就用否定结构,反之用肯定结构。此问句可用yes或no来回答。附加反意疑问部分的主语要用代词,并与陈述部分主语一致,谓语动词在人称、数和时态上也要与陈述部分一致。如:
He will drive here,won’t he?他会开车来这里,是不是?
Mr.Brown usually eats dinner at seven,doesn’t he?布朗先生通常在
七点吃晚饭,不是吗?
Jim isn’t a student,is he?吉姆不是一名学生,对吗?
注意:
(1)祈使句的反意疑问句
①肯定祈使句+will you/won’t you?
②否定祈使句+will you?
③Let’s…+shall we?(包括对方)
④Let us…+will you?(不包括对方)
如:Let’s go to the movies,shall we?咱们去看电影,好吗?
Let us go to the movies,will you?让我们去看电影,好吗?
(2)感叹句的反意疑问句一律用否定式,并用 be 动词的一般现在时。如:
What a lovely girl,isn’t she?多可爱的女孩呀,不是吗?
(3)there be 句型的附加反意疑问部分的主语仍用there,省略主语代词。如:
There won’t be any trouble,will there?不会有麻烦,是吗?
盲填。
6. (2025甘肃白银改编)—  How much  are the trousers?
—20 pounds.
7. (2025四川遂宁改编)—Excuse me, sir.  How far  is it from here to the train station?
—Oh, it’s about ten minutes’ walk.
How much 
How far 
8. (2025江苏扬州改编)—  How much  do you remember about this week’s news?
—None, I’m afraid.
9. (2025四川成都改编)—  Why  is the sports center closed today?
—Here’s a notice.Let’s have a look.
10. (2025黑龙江龙东改编)—You look energetic.  How often  do you usually exercise?
—I exercise three times a week.
How much 
Why 
How often 
命题点3 感叹句
感叹句用来表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情,通常用what或how引导,用来表示强烈的感情,句末用感叹号。
how引导的感叹句
1. How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!如:
How beautiful the flowers are!多么漂亮的花啊!
How fast the man runs!那个人跑得真快啊!
2. How+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词(+主语+谓语)!如:
How clever a boy he is!他是多么聪明的一个男孩啊!
3. How+主语+谓语!如:
How time flies!时光飞逝!
How I want to have a new mobile phone!我多想有一部新手机啊!
what引导的感叹句
1. What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词(+主语+谓语)!如:
Look,what a beautiful skirt she is wearing.看!她穿的裙子多好看啊!
2. What+形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词(+主语+谓语)!如:
What beautiful pictures they are!它们是多么美丽的图画啊!
What delicious food you’ve made!你做的食物真好吃啊!
其他感叹句
1. 在陈述句、祈使句句尾加感叹号,表示某种强烈的感情。如:
She plays the piano so well!她钢琴弹得真好!
Stop talking!不要说话了!
2. 有时,单词和短语本身也可用来表示感叹。如:
Wonderful!好极了!
盲填。
11. (2025云南改编)  What a  kind boy Mike is! He always helps his classmates with math.
12. (2025黑龙江改编)—We are going to the Sanxingdui Ruins (三星堆遗迹).  How exciting  we are!
—Have a good time!
What a 
How exciting 
13. (2025黑龙江绥化改编)  What  good advice it is! I’m sure to make many friends at the party.
14. (2025黑龙江齐齐哈尔改编)—I prepared a safety education class till midnight.
—  How  responsible you are!
What 
How 
15. (2025吉林改编)—The news reported that the year 2025 is Weight Management Year.
—  What  a pity that I missed it!
What 
命题点4 祈使句
祈使句表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等。主语通常被省略,谓语动词用原形,句末用句号或感叹号。
肯定祈使句
1. 动词原形+其他。如:
Listen to the teacher carefully.认真听老师讲课。
2. Let+第一、三人称的宾格/名词+动词原形+其他。如:
Let the students come in.让学生们进来。
3. Be+形容词/名词。如:
Be a good student.做个好学生。
否定祈使句
1. Don’t+动词原形+其他。如:
Don’t be late for school again.不要再上学迟到了。
2. Never+动词原形+其他。如:
Never judge a person by his looks.不要以貌取人。
3. No+名词/动名词。如:
No parking!禁止停车!
祈使句的应答语
1. Let’s开头的祈使句,其答语常用“Good idea./OK. ”等。如:
—Let’s go to the library to borrow some books.我们去图书馆借些书吧。
—Good idea.好主意。
2. 其他肯定祈使句的应答语常用“Yes/OK,I will.”等,否定祈使句的应答语常用“Sorry/No,I won’t (do it again).”等。如:
—It’s going to rain.Remember to take an umbrella with you.就要下雨了。记着带上雨伞。
—Thanks,I will.谢谢,我会的。
—Don’t draw on the blackboard.不要在黑板上画画。
—Sorry,I won’t.对不起,我不会(再那样做) 了。
提分速记
祈使句与简单句、复合句之间的转换:
“祈使句+and/or+简单句”可转换为含 if 引导的条件状语从句的复合句。如:
Use your head,and you’ll find a way.=If you use your head,you’ll find a way.动动脑筋,你就会找到方法。
Hurry up,or we’ll be late.=If we don’t hurry up,we’ll be late.如果不快点,我们就会迟到。
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
16. (2025贵州改编)What will you do during the Dragon Boat Festival?  Come (come) and  share (share) with us!
17. (2025江苏连云港改编)Don’t  cut (cut) in when others are talking.Please  listen (listen) politely.
18. (2025四川眉山改编)If you  have (have) any trouble with your study at school,  ask (ask) teachers and classmates for help.
Come 
share 
cut 
listen 
have 
ask 
19. (2025重庆改编)Never  give (give)up in the face of difficulties.
give 
命题点5 There be句型
1. “There be+sb./sth.+地点状语/时间状语”表示“某处/某时有某人/某物”,be动词必须与主语在人称和数上保持一致。如果主语是两个或两个以上的并列成分,be动词就和离它最近的主语保持数的一致,即遵循“就近原则”。如:
There are some flowers and a tree in the garden.花园里有一些花和一棵树。
2. There be句型的不同句式
(1)否定句:be动词后加not,no或not any。如:
There isn’t any food in the fridge.冰箱里没有食物。
(2)一般疑问句:be动词提到句首,some变any,其他都不变。如:
Are there any model planes in the bookcase?书架上有飞机模型吗?
3. There be句型的时态
4. There be句型的常用句型
句型及意义 例句
There is no doubt that…毫无疑问…… There is no doubt that he has made great progress this year.毫无疑问,他今年取得了很大进步。
There is no need for sb.to do sth.某人没有必要做某事 Everything is fine with me;there is no need for you to be concerned.这里一切都好,你不用牵挂。
句型及意义 例句
There be sb./sth.doing sth.某人/某物正在做某事 There were a group of children running in the garden.花园里有一群正在跑步的孩子。
There is no good/use(in) doing sth.做某事没有好处/用处 As there is no good staying in the lab,let’s go out to play ball games.因为待在实验室不好,我们出去打打球吧。
There is no use wasting time in discussing the matter.浪费时间去讨论这事是没有用的。
句型及意义 例句
There seems/happens/ appears to be…似乎/碰巧/有…… There appears to be no one who can answer this question.看来没人能够回答这个问题。
There happens to be only one apple left.刚好只剩下一个苹果。
There is something wrong with…… …出了问题 Let the poor cat be!There is something wrong with its leg.别逗那只可怜的猫了!它的腿有毛病。
5. There be句型和have的区别
(1)There be句型表示“存在”,强调“某地/某时有某人/某物”,不表示所属关系。如:
There is a science lab next to the library.图书馆旁边有一个科学实验室。
(2)have表示所属关系,强调“某人/某物拥有……”。如:
We have a beautiful garden.我们有一个漂亮的花园。
用be动词的适当形式填空。
20. There  was  a desk and some chairs in the meeting room.But now there  is  nothing in it.
21. (2025甘肃白银改编)Look! There  is  a notebook and three keys on the desk.
22. (2025重庆改编)He heard that there  were harmful chemicals left in the vegetables people ate in a village nearby.
was 
is 
is 
were 
23. (2025江苏连云港改编)—  Are  there many beautiful paper-cuts like flowers, birds and landscapes in our classroom?
—Yes, there  are .
Are 
are 
命题点6 主谓一致
1. 语法一致原则
所谓语法一致,就是句子主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。
主语成分 谓语 例句
单数名词或单数人称代词 单数 Math is very important in many ways.数学在很多方面都很重要。
动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句 Though what you said is right,you must think about some other factors.虽然你说的是对的,但你得考虑一些其他因素。
主语成分 谓语 例句
either,neither,each,every,no+单数名词,以及some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词 单数 Every means has been tried but without any result.每一种方法都试过了,但没有结果。
Please look around and tell us if anything is missing.请你四处看看,告诉我们是不是缺了什么东西。
the number of+复数名词 The number of the apples in the bag is 10.袋子里苹果的数量是10。
主语成分 谓语 例句
复数名词或复数人称代词 复数 Many trees are planted every year to improve the environment.
为了改善环境,每年都种植许多树。
a number of+复数名词 A small number of students at this college are studying electronics.这所学院里有少数学生在学电子学。
both…and…连接的名词 Both mother and baby are doing well.母子平安。
主语成分 谓语 例句
主语后有with,together with,along with,like,except,but,besides,including,rather than,as well as,more than,no less than等引导的名词或代词 取决于主语 The father,as well as his two sons,is going to Beijing tomorrow.父亲和他的两个儿子明天要去北京。
The manager with some workers was working during the summer holiday.经理和一些工人在暑假期间工作。
主语成分 谓语 例句
half/some/most/a lot of/lots of/plenty/the rest of+名词 取决于主语 Half of the building was damaged in the explosion.建筑物的一半在爆炸中损坏了。
Half of the students didn’t come to school yesterday because of the flu.由于流感,昨天有一半的学生没来上学。
主语成分 谓语 例句
分数或百分数+名词 取决于主语 Thirty-five percent of the doctors in this hospital are women.这家医院35%的医生是女性。
Over sixty percent of the city was destroyed in the war.这座城市百分之六十以上在战争中被毁。
主语成分 谓语 例句
(the only)one of+the+名词复数 视情况而定 Tom is one of the students who were absent from school today.汤姆是今天缺课的学生之一。
Tom is the only one of the students who was absent from school today.汤姆是今天缺课的学生中唯一的一个。
主语成分 谓语 例句
glasses,clothes,shoes,trousers等作主语时,谓语动词用复数;如果前面有kind,pair,type等修饰,谓语动词和这些词的数保持一致 视情况而定 Kate’s new trousers are a little bit expensive.凯特的新裤子有点贵。
This pair of shoes fits you well.这双鞋很适合你。
主语成分 谓语 例句
and连接的两个并列主语指同一概念时,谓语动词用单数;指不同概念时,谓语动词用复数 视情况而定 A famous writer and poet is giving a speech now.一位著名的作家兼诗人现在正在做演讲。
A famous writer and a poet are invited to the meeting.一位著名的作家和一位诗人被邀请参加会议。
2. 意义一致原则
所谓意义一致,就是概念一致,谓语动词的形式要和句子主语表达的概念一致。
主语成分 谓语 例句
集体名词如family,team,group,class等 取决于主语在句子中的意义 His family is going to move to Beijing.他家将搬到北京去。(作为整体时,用单数)
The whole family are watching TV. 全家人正在看电视。(侧重成员时,用复数)
主语成分 谓语 例句
表示时间、重量、度量、长度、价格、数学运算等的词或短语 单数 One million dollars is a lot of money.一百万美元是一大笔钱。
集合名词如people,police,cattle等 复数 The police are trying to catch the criminal.警察在全力抓罪犯。
主语成分 谓语 例句
the+姓氏名词的复数形式,表示“……一家、 ……夫妇” 复数 The Blacks enjoy jogging every morning.布莱克夫妇喜欢每天早晨慢跑。
the+某些形容词,表示一类人或物 The dead are believed to be alive in some sense.人们相信死者在某种意义上还活着。
3. 就近原则
所谓就近原则,就是谓语动词的形式不与主语一致,而是要与靠近它的名词一致,因此又叫临近原则。
主语成分和谓语 例句
由either…or,neither…nor,not only…but also…,not…but…等连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与较近的主语在数上保持一致 Not only my parents but also I am looking forward to seeing my uncle.不仅是我父母,我也盼望着见到我的叔叔。
There be…和Here be…两个句式中的be动词常与最近的主语在数上保持一致 Here are some fresh oranges for you.这是我给你准备的一些新鲜橘子。
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
24. (2025黑龙江绥化改编)My mother with her students  is going/will go (go) to volunteer at the old people’s home next week.
25. (2025重庆改编)Look! He with his parents  i s watching (watch) the news on TV.
26. (2025安徽改编)Paper-cutting is not easy to learn.It   requires (require) much practice, patience and imagination.
is
going/will go 
is watching 
requires 
27. (2025安徽改编)—The robots  are racing (race) each other to the finish line.
—How exciting! Our robot is going to win.
are racing 

展开更多......

收起↑

资源预览