2026年河南中考英语专题复习(人教版) 专题十三 复合句 课件(共59张PPT)

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2026年河南中考英语专题复习(人教版) 专题十三 复合句 课件(共59张PPT)

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(共59张PPT)
 复合句
专题十三
河南中考命题特点及预测
  分析河南近四年中考真题可知,复合句是必考点,对复合句的考查主要集中在语篇填空中,完形填空中也少有涉及。复合句的命题主要有以下特点:
1. 考查定语从句关系代词的辨析,常考的关系代词为who、that和which等;
2. 考查宾语从句,近四年中除2023年考查一题外,其他年份未考查;
3. 对状语从句的考查往往与从属连词相结合,主要在状语从句中考查从属连词的辨析及运用,一般需要根据句意和逻辑关系确定。
考查 项目 年份 题型 题号 考查内容 干扰项/语境呈现
状语从句 2025 语篇 填空 66 as long as引导的条件状语从句 As long as you avoid the fishing reel(代指鱼钩).
定语从句 2024 语篇 填空 69 that/which引导定语从句 It is an interesting story that/which teaches us to work together and share.
考查 项目 年份 题型 题号 考查内容 干扰项/语境呈现
宾语从句 2023 语篇填空 56 what引导宾语从句 Do you remember we once talked about what jobs and careers (职业) we might do in the future?
定语从句 69 that/who引导定语从句 This museum is very interesting to the visitors that/who are interested in the nation’s written history.
考查 项目 年份 题型 题号 考查内容 干扰项/语境呈现
状语从句 2022 完形填空 43 as引导方式状语从句 until/since/unless
And she also had to prepare meals for the whole family as her mum did before.
定语从句 语篇填空 62 if引导条件状语从句 The colors will remain on the children’s hands if they don’t spend enough time washing them off.
61 which引导定语从句 As the name suggests,Soapen is a pen which is made out of soap.
中考语法考点透析
  主从复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。复合句中的主句和从句都有完整的主语和谓语。主句是全句的主体,可独立存在,从句只能作句子的一个成分,不能独立存在。在初中阶段对复合句的考查主要体现在定语从句、宾语从句和状语从句上。
命题点1 定语从句
在复合句中,用来修饰某一名词或代词的起定语作用的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在所修饰的名词或代词之后。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词可分为关系代词(that,which,who,whom,whose)和关系副词(why,when,where)。
1. 关系代词的用法
关系 代词 在从句中 的成分 先行词 例句
who 作主语 或宾语 人 I hate people who talk much but do little.我讨厌说得多做得少的人。
The girl who we saw yesterday was Jim’s little sister.昨天我们看到的那个女孩是吉姆的妹妹。
关系 代词 在从句中 的成分 先行词 例句
whom 作宾语 人 The man whom I saw is called Smith.
我见到的那个人名叫史密斯。
that 作主语 或宾语 人、物 I like music that I can sing along with.
我喜欢能随之歌唱的音乐。
which 作主语 或宾语 物 This is the school which we visited last year.这就是我们去年参观的那所学校。
关系 代词 在从句中 的成分 先行词 例句
whose 定语 人、物 The girl whose coat is pink always helps her mother do the housework.外套是粉色的女孩总是帮助她的妈妈做家务。
The book whose cover is red is hers.封面是红色的那本书是她的。
注意:一般情况下,that,which,whom在从句中作宾语时可省略,但关系代词which,whom在从句中作介词的宾语并且介词位于关系代词前时,不可省略。如:
I remember the day on which I saw you for the first time.我记得我第一次见你的那一天。
2. 关系副词的用法
关系 副词 在从句中 的成分 先行词 例句
where 作状语 表示地点 的名词  Yesterday I visited the village where my father used to live.昨天我参观了父亲过去居住的村子。
when 作状语 表示时间 的名词  I will never forget the days when we worked together.我将永远不会忘记我们一起工作的日子。
why 作状语 reason Can you tell me the reason why he didn’t come last night?你能告诉我他昨晚没来的原因吗?
3. 选择关系词的做题技巧
(1)确定定语从句
看先行词是指人还是指物:
指人:that,who,whose,whom
指物:that,which,whose
(2)确定先行词在定语从句中所作的成分
所作成分 关系词
主语 who(人),which(物),that(人/物)
宾语 who/whom(人),which(物),that(人/物)
表语 which(物),who(人),that(人/物)
定语 whose(人/物)
状语 where(地点),when(时间),why(原因;先行词只有reason)
如果从句中缺少主干成分,补关系代词;如果从句中不缺主干成分,补关系副词 (3)三看是否属特殊
1)只能用关系代词that的情况:
①当先行词是不定代词something,anything,everything,nothing,little,few,all,some,none,much 等时。如:
There is nothing that can stop him from doing it.没有任何事能够阻止他做这件事。
Tom told his mother all that had happened.汤姆把发生的所有事情都告诉了他的妈妈。
②当先行词被the only,the very,the right,the last等修饰时。如:
This is the only book that I can find.这是我唯一能找到的书。
③当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时或先行词本身就是序数词时。如:
This is the best film (that) I have ever seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。
④当先行词既有人又有物时。如:
The characters and events that the author described in his book are very interesting.作者在他书里描写的那些人物和事件都非常有意思。
⑤当先行词被all,any,every,each,few,no等修饰时。如:
All the presents (that) your friends gave you on your birthday should be put away.生日那天你的朋友们送给你的所有礼物你都应该收好。
⑥当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。如:
Who is the person that is standing by the window?站在窗户旁边的那个人是谁?
2)只能用关系代词which的情况:
①关系代词放在介词之后。如:
This is the factory in which we once worked.这就是我们曾经工作过的工厂。
②当that,those作主语时。如:
Those which are on the desk are English books.桌子上的那些东西是英语书。
注意:在中考中通常只考查关系代词who,which和that的用法。
巧学妙记
主句型,从句型,两种句子要完整。
从句紧跟先行词,关系词引导要弄清。
who或whom来定人,定物which当先用。
关系代词用that,定人定物有本领。
定时间要用when,where用来定地点。
关系代词作成分,只作宾语可省略。
盲填。
1. (2025湖南长沙)But they are great stories  that/which  also show the goodness and weakness of human nature.
2. (2025湖南改编)Thousands of years later, the once busy and rich Jijiaocheng,  which  is now in a town of Hunan, came to the notice of the modern world.
3. (2025江西改编)Long long ago, there was a farmer   that/who  worked very hard.He was always worried about different things.
that/which 
which 
that/who 
4. (2025山西改编)That is because people like to make friends with a person  who/that  is smiling and happy.
5. (2025四川达州改编)One day, they met an old man   that/who  was having trouble in carrying a heavy load.
6. (2025天津改编)With fewer sunspots, the sun was giving out less energy  that/which  made the earth warm.
who/that 
that/who 
that/which 
命题点2 宾语从句
置于动词、介词等后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式和动词-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句,有些形容词(afraid,sure,glad等)之后也可以带宾语从句。宾语从句的三要素为:引导词(连接词)、语序和时态。
1. 宾语从句的引导词
(1)当由陈述句充当宾语从句时,用 that 引导(that 通常可以省略)。如:
He said (that) he could help me.他说他能帮助我。
注意:当两个或多个由that引导的宾语从句由并列连词and连接时,除第一个从句中的that可省略外,其余从句中的that都不可省略。如:
He said (that) the book was interesting and that all the children liked reading it.他说这本书很有趣,并且所有的孩子都喜欢读。
(2)当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时,用whether,if 引导。如:
We don’t know whether he is right or not.我们不知道他是对还是
不对。
易失分点
(1)能用whether,不能用if引导的宾语从句:
①在介词之后时。如:
I’m thinking of whether we should go to see the film.我在想我们是否应该去看电影。
②在动词discuss,decide之后时。如:
We need to discuss whether we will have a sports meeting next week.我们需要讨论是否下周开运动会。
③直接与or not连用时。如:
I can’t say whether or not he can come on time.我不能说他是否
能准时来。
(2)只能用if不能用whether引导的从句:
①if引导条件状语从句,意为“如果”。如:
The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny.如果天气晴朗学生就可以去野餐了。
②if引导否定概念的宾语从句时。如:
He asked if I hadn’t finished my work.他问我是否还没完成工作。
③even if(即使)和as if(好像)引导状语从句时。如:
He talks as if he has known all about it.他说起来好像知道了事情的所有。
(3)当宾语从句为特殊疑问句时,用what,who,where,when,how,why,which,whose 等疑问词引导。如:
Please explain why you are late for class again.请解释一下你为什么又上课迟到了。
2. 宾语从句的语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都要用陈述句语序。如:
We don’t know where our English teacher lives.我们不知道我们的英语老师住在哪里。
Do you know where our English teacher lives?你知道我们的英语老师住在哪里吗?
3. 宾语从句的时态
(1)主句中的谓语动词如果是一般现在时,从句中的谓语动词可以用任何时态(需要性原则)。如:
I remember Tom borrowed my book yesterday.我记得昨天汤姆借了我的书。
(2)主句中的谓语动词如果是一般过去时,从句中的谓语动词要用与过去相关的时态(呼应性原则)。如:
She told me she was going to Paris the next day.她告诉我第二天她将去巴黎。
(3)如果从句所说的是客观事实、真理或自然现象等,不管主句使用什么时态,从句中的谓语动词都要用一般现在时(特殊性原则)。如:
The teacher told us the earth goes around the sun.老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。
4. 宾语从句与简单句的转换
(1)由连接代词what,who等或连接副词how,where等引导的宾语从句可转换为“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。如:
She hasn’t decided what she will do on holiday.=She hasn’t decided what to do on holiday.她还没决定假期干什么。
(2)动词think,make,find等后的宾语从句可转换为简单句,即“think/make/find+宾语+宾语补足语”。如:
His teacher thought that he was a clever boy.=His teacher thought him a clever boy.老师认为他是一个聪明的男孩。
根据汉语意思完成句子。
7. (2025内蒙古改编)Thanks too for your invitation to your city.I wonder  what people do for fun there (那里的人们做些什么来消遣娱乐).
8. (2025山西改编)If someone is down, do you know  how to cheer him up  (如何让他开心起来呢)?
what people do for fun there 
how to cheer
him up 
9. (2025陕西改编)However, the name “Broken Bridge”  does not mean the bridge is broken (并不意味着这座桥断了) .
does
not mean the bridge is broken 
10. (2025四川成都改编)He asked me if  many villagers left their hometown to search for work elsewhere (许多村民们离开家乡去其他地方寻找工作).
many villagers left their
hometown to search for work elsewhere 
命题点3 状语从句
状语从句由从属连词引导,在句中充当状语,按其用途主要分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句和让步状语从句等。
1. 常见的状语从句及引导词
(1)引导时间状语从句
连词(短语) 含义及用法 例句
when “当……时候”。引导的从句可以用延续性动词,也可以用非延续性动词 When it began to rain,Ben was helping his mom make dinner.当开始下雨时,本正在帮妈妈做晚饭。
连词(短语) 含义及用法 例句
while “正当……时,正在……时”。引导的从句中,谓语动词必须是延续性动词,且常用进行时 While John was taking photos,Mary bought a drink.当约翰在拍照时,玛丽买了一杯饮料。
连词(短语) 含义及用法 例句
as “当……时”。表示一件事情正在发生,另一件事情也在进行中,通常只用于一般过去时 As time passed,things seemed to get better.随着时间的推移,情况似乎变得更好了。
连词(短语) 含义及用法 例句
after “在……之后”。表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后 He became an English teacher after he graduated from school.他从学校毕业之后,成了一名英语老师。
before “在……之前”。表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前 They need to think before they act and make good decisions for themselves.在行动之前他们需要考虑,并且为他们自己做好决定。
连词(短语) 含义及用法 例句
until/till “直到……”。常用于“not…until…”结构中,表示“直到……才……” I’m really tired because I studied until midnight last night.我真的很累,因为昨晚我学习到半夜。
since “自……以来”。主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时 You’ve been happy since I first met you.自从我第一次见到你,你就很开心。
连词(短语) 含义及用法 例句
as soon as “一……就……”。引导的从句常用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时 I will give you a call as soon as I arrive home.我一到家就给你打电话。
when和while
  引导时间状语从句时,when既可以和非延续性动词连用,也可以和延续性动词连用;while只能和延续性动词连用。如:
  When/While we were talking in the classroom,our teacher came in.当我们正在教室里谈话时,我们的老师进来了。
  I was doing homework when a bird came in through the window.当小鸟通过窗户进来时,我正在做作业。
  While I was walking along the bridge,my mobile phone rang.当我正沿着桥边散步时,我的手机响了。
(2)引导让步状语从句
连词(短语) 含义及用法 例句
although/ though “虽然,尽管”。引导让步状语从句时,不能与but同时使用 Although/Though milk is good,you should not drink too much of it.虽然牛奶好,但你也不应该喝太多。
连词(短语) 含义及用法 例句
whether “不管”。常用于结构“whether…or not”与“whether… or”中 Whether the sayings are in Chinese or any other language,they share something in common.无论谚语是以汉语还是其他语言(呈现),它们都有共同之处。
连词(短语) 含义及用法 例句
even though/ even if “即使”。引导让步状语从句时,不能与but同时使用 Even though I am sad that junior high is over,I look forward to new experiences in senior high!即使我伤感于初中生活的终结,但我期待于高中生活的新经历!
连词(短语) 含义及用法 例句
whatever “无论什么”,等于no matter what Whatever you want to be,you need to work hard to achieve it.无论你想成为什么,你都需要努力工作去实现它。
whenever “无论何时”,等于no matter when Whenever I try to read this book,I feel sleepy.每当我试图去读这本书时,我都感觉困。
(3)引导条件状语从句
连词 (短语) 含义及用法 例句
if “如果”。从句用一般现在时,主句通常用一般将来时 If he practices it,his handwriting will certainly improve.如果他练习它,他的书写就一定会提高。
连词 (短语) 含义及用法 例句
unless “如果不,除非”。unless可以转化为if…not…结构。主从句时态与if用法一致 Unless you get enough sleep every night,you will not remember things well.除非你每天晚上都得到足够的睡眠,不然你不会把事情记得很清楚。
连词 (短语) 含义及用法 例句
as long as “只要”。主从句时态与if用法一致 You won’t have to worry about the final exam as long as you work hard.只要你努力学习,你就不必担心期末考试。
(4)引导原因状语从句
连词 含义及用法 例句
because “因为”。表示造成某种情况的直接原因,回答why引导的问句,不能和so同时使用 I often exercise at the park because I love the clean air and sunshine.我经常在公园锻炼,因为我喜欢清新的空气和阳光。
since “既然”。语气比because弱,表示对方已知或众所周知的原因 Since we have no idea about this problem,let’s ask Mr.Wang for help.既然我们对这个问题一无所知,那就请王先生帮忙吧。
连词 含义及用法 例句
as “由于”。语气比since弱,表示众所周知的原因,引导的从句位于主句前后均可 As it was getting late,I decided to leave now.由于时间不早了,我决定现在就走。
(5)引导方式状语从句
连词 (短语) 含义 例句
as “按照…… 的方式” You will work out this problem faster if you do as what I told you.如果你按照我告诉你的方式去做,你会更快地解决这个问题。
连词 (短语) 含义 例句
as if/ as though “似乎, 好像” Everything in my childhood crowded in my mind as if they had just happened.童年的一切一下子涌入我的大脑,好像刚刚发生似的。
(6)引导结果状语从句
连词短语 含义 用法 例句
so… that… “如此…… 以至于……” so修饰的中心词是形容词或副词,结构为“so+adj./adv.+that…”,可与too…to结构互换 He was so angry that he couldn’t say a word.=He was too angry to say a word.他如此生气以至于不能说出话来。
连词短语 含义 用法 例句
such… that… “如此…… 以至于……” such修饰的中心词是名词,结构为“such(+a/an)+adj.+不可数名词/可数名词复数+that…” She is such a lovely girl that everyone around her likes her.=She is so lovely that everyone around her likes her.她是一个如此可爱的姑娘以至于她周围的每个人都很喜欢她。
(7)引导目的状语从句
连词短语 含义及用法 例句
so that “以便……”。后接从句,只能用于句中 They sped up so that/in order that they could get there on time.他们加速以便能按时赶到那里。
in order that “为了……”。后接从句,可用于句首或句中 2. 主句与从句时态一致的问题
在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句和从句时态的一致问题一般有三种情况:
(1)“主将从现”:主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。如:
If she comes here tomorrow,I will go to the park with her.如果明天她来这里,我将和她一起去公园。
(2)“主祈/情从现”:若主句是祈使句或主句中有情态动词时,那么从句用一般现在时表示将来。如:
You can get good grades if you study hard.如果你努力学习,你就能取得好成绩。
(3)since引导时间状语从句时,主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。如:
Her spoken English has improved a lot since she joined in the English club.自从加入了英语俱乐部,她的英语口语提高了很多。
根据汉语意思完成句子。
11. (2025四川眉山改编)当他在四岁时就爱上了这种美丽的艺术。
He fell in love with this beautiful art  when he was four  years old.
12. (2025湖南长沙改编) 除非读过这些经典著作,否则没有人被认为受过教育。
No one was considered educated  unless he had read  these classics.
when he was four 
unless he had read 
13. 我和爸爸如此激动想吃烤鸭以至于我们立刻去了饭店。
My father and I were  so excited to have roast duck that  we went to the restaurant at once.
14. 我不知道路上是否交通拥堵。如果拥堵严重,Danny会上学迟到。
I don’t know  if there is  too much traffic on the road.  If the traffic is  too heavy, Danny will be late for school.
so excited to have roast duck that 
if there is 
If the traffic
is 

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