2026年河南中考英语专题复习(人教版) 专题十一 非谓语动词 课件(共32张PPT)

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2026年河南中考英语专题复习(人教版) 专题十一 非谓语动词 课件(共32张PPT)

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(共32张PPT)
 非谓语动词
专题十一
河南中考命题特点及预测
分析河南近四年中考真题可知,对非谓语动词的考查主要在语篇填空中,集中在动词不定式上。动词不定式的考查点主要集中在某些动词后跟动词不定式作宾语、定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语等。近四年语篇填空第二节考查了动词不定式符号to,以及在某些动词和介词后跟动名词作宾语的情况。
考查 项目 年份 题型 题号 考查内容 语境呈现
动词不定式 2025 语篇填空 69 to I wouldn’t like to sleep in a cave(洞穴) instead.
介词后动名词作宾语 2024 语篇填空 57 动名词 A young boy made a living by selling fried dough sticks in the market.
动词不定式 70 to You can also ask your friends to think about it.Their answers might be fun!
考查 项目 年份 题型 题号 考查内容 语境呈现
动词后动名词作宾语 2023 语篇填空 59 动名词 They say I can choose whatever I want to do in the end if I keep working hard at school.
动词不定式 66 to It is a wonderful place to learn about Chinese characters.
动词不定式 2022 69 to So I try to correct it by finding an enjoyable way to study.
中考语法考点透析
命题点1 动词不定式
1. 动词不定式的用法
动词不定式在句中不能单独作谓语,其形式不随主语的人称、数的变化而变化,其基本形式为:to+动词原形(不定式符号to有时可以省略),其否定形式为:not to+动词原形。
(1)作主语
一个动词不定式作主语,谓语动词用单数。如:
To travel around China is my dream.=It is my dream to travel around China.环游中国是我的梦想。
注意:动词不定式作主语时,通常用it作形式主语,真正的不定式主语则被后置。常用句型:It’s+adj.(+for/of sb.)+to do sth.。如:
It’s nice of you to take pictures for us.你给我们拍照真是太好了。
(2)作表语
表示将来的动作,主要表示愿望、责任、义务等,常位于系动词之后。如:
To see is to believe.眼见为实。/百闻不如一见。
注意:不定式作表语可转化为不定式作主语。如:
His wish is to be a policeman.=To be a policeman is his wish.他的愿望是当一名警察。
(3)作宾语
①常跟不定式作宾语的动词巧记如下:
决心学会有希望(decide,determine,learn,wish,hope);
同意计划莫假装(agree,plan,pretend);
胆敢拒绝会失败(dare,refuse,fail);
准备设法来帮忙(prepare,try,manage,help);
提供请求负担起(offer,beg,demand,afford);
答应安排理应当(promise,arrange,be supposed);
以上后跟不定式,劝君牢记永不忘。
②有些动词或动词短语,如decide,know,show, consider, tell,find out等后可以跟“疑问词+动词不定式”,“疑问词+动词不定式”可以转化为宾语从句。如:
He was considering what to do next.=He was considering what he would do next.他在考虑下一步怎么办。
注意:在find,think等词后接动词不定式作宾语时,常用it作形式宾语,将真正的宾语放在后面。如:
I find it necessary to learn English well.我发现学好英语很有必要。
(4)作宾语补足语
①常见的后面接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词或动词短语有:
ask 要求 advise 建议 allow 允许
encourage 鼓励 expect 期望 force 强迫
invite 邀请 order 命令 teach 教
tell 告诉 want 想要 warn 警告
wish 希望 wait for 等待 depend on 依靠
get 使得 hate 不愿 would like 想要
②show,tell,ask,teach等动词后可以跟“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语补足语。如:
The teacher taught him how to draw a horse.老师教他如何画马。
(5)作定语
动词不定式作定语时,要置于被修饰的名词之后,作后置定语。如:
I have a lot of work to do.我有很多工作要做。
I have a partner to practice English with.我有可以一起练习英语的同伴。
(6)作状语
动词不定式可以作目的状语、原因状语和结果状语。如:
The room is large enough to hold 1,000 people.这个房间足够大,能够容纳1 000人。(结果状语)
To catch up with her classmates,she always stays up late.为了赶上她的同学,她总是熬夜到很晚。(目的状语)
I am sorry to hear that your mother is ill in hospital.听说你妈妈生病住院我很难过。(原因状语)
2. 常见省略to的动词不定式
(1)动词不定式作感官动词、使役动词的宾语补足语时,要省略to。这类单词或短语可归纳为:一感(feel),二听(listen to,hear),三让(let,make,have),四看(look at,see,watch,notice)。但当它们用于被动语态中时,to必须保留(let没有被动语态)。如:
They heard him sing a song in the meeting room.(改为被动语态)
→He was heard to sing a song in the meeting room by them.他们听见他在会议室唱了一首歌。
(2)当两个或多个作用相同的不定式并列时,通常只需在第一个不定式中用to,其余不定式的to可以省略。但是,如果两者有对比关系,则后面不定式的to不可省略。如:
He told me to stay there and wait for him.他叫我待在那儿等他。
To try and fail is better than not to try at all.尝试后失败总比不尝试好。
(3)help后的不定式带to或不带to均可。如:
He often helps his parents (to) do housework in his spare time.他经常在空闲时间帮父母做家务。
(4)had better(not),why not,would rather等结构后接省略to的动词不定式。如:
Why not buy these two bags?They are the most fashionable this year.为什么不买这两个包呢?它们是今年最流行的。
3. 不定式常见的句型
(1)had better (not) do sth.最好(不要)做某事。如:
You had better compare this word with that one.你们最好把这个词与那个词比较一下。
(2)would rather do sth.宁愿做某事。如:
She would rather go there by train than by plane.她宁愿坐火车去那里也不愿乘飞机。
(3)prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事。如:
I prefer to go to the history museum rather than stay at home.我宁愿去历史博物馆也不愿待在家里。
(4)Why not do sth.?=Why don’t you do sth.?为什么不做某事呢?如:
Why not go swimming together?为什么不一起游泳呢?
(5)Could/Would/Will you please do sth.?你愿意做某事吗?如:
Could you please take out the rubbish?请问你能把垃圾带出去吗?
(6)adj.+enough to do sth.足够……做某事。如:
They’re old enough to make this decision.他们足够大可以做出决定了。
(7)too…to…太……而不能……。如:
It’s never too late to learn.活到老,学到老。
(8)It takes/took sb.some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间。如:
It takes me thirty minutes to go to school every day.我每天花费30分钟去上学。
妙辨异同
辨析一
感官动词后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语时,强调动作经常发生或动作发生的全过程;后接现在分词时,则强调动作正在进行。试比较:
I often see him play basketball on the playground.我经常看见他在操场上打篮球。
I saw him playing basketball when I passed the playground.我经过操场的时候,看见他正在打篮球。
辨析二
非谓语动词和祈使句易混点:若逗号后无连词,直接是一个句子,则前半句用非谓语动词;若有逗号,且逗号后有and或or等并列连词,则前半句为祈使句。
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. (2025福建改编)We will attend the tea festival in our town  to learn (learn) more about tea culture.
2. (2025黑龙江绥化改编)Our English teacher is humorous and he often tells funny jokes to make us  laugh (laugh).
3. (2025黑龙江改编)  To make (make)communication easier and faster, engineers in that company have designed a kind of smart-watches.
to
learn 
laugh 
To make 
4. (2025天津改编)The government is developing new plans  to protect (protect) ancient buildings.
5. (2025江苏扬州改编)We should build on past achievements and work together  to make (make) a better world.
6. (2025黑龙江绥化改编)School is also the place where you learn  to get  (get) alongwell with people.
7. (2025湖北改编) Besides providing delicious food, the smart school also tries  to help (help) students develop good living habits.
to
protect 
to make 
to
get 
to help 
8. (2025湖南改编)The rulers  of the city asked  the people  to cut (cut) down trees in the mountains.The wood was shipped by workers to the city for tall buildings.
9. (2025广西改编)They just want to play a joke and make others  laugh (laugh).But these are not good reasons.
of the city asked 
to cut 
laugh 
命题点2 动名词
1. 动名词的用法
动名词由“动词原形+ing”构成,与现在分词的构成相同。动名词有动词的特征,既有自己的宾语和状语,又有名词的特征,可以在句子中充当主语、表语、宾语和定语。
功能 说明 例句
作主语 谓语动词用单数形式。有时it作形式主语,而把真正的主语(动名词)后移 Saying so much is useless.说这么多没有什么用。
It is a waste of time talking to her.同她讲话是浪费时间。
作表语 多数情况下,主语和表语(动名词)位置可以互换 His job is teaching Chinese in a school.他的工作是在一所学校教中文。
功能 说明 例句
作宾语 动词+宾语 I like playing football very much.我非常喜欢踢足球。
介词+宾语 I have no experience in teaching English.我没有教英语的经验。
作定语 表示它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等,置于被修饰词之前 We need a washing machine.我们需要一台洗衣机。
2. 常见的后接动名词作宾语的动词(短语)
喜欢(enjoy) 不断(keep)
提建议(suggest) 盼望(look forward to)
习惯(be used to) 完成(finish)
想要(feel like) 花费(spend)
练习(practice) 忍不住(can’t help)
介意(mind) 考虑(consider)
避免(avoid) 冒险(risk)
放弃(give up) 值得(be worth)
有困难(havedifficultyin)
【温馨提示】
部分动词既可接动名词作宾语,又可接不定式作宾语或状语,两者意义区别较大。
1. stop doing sth.停止做某事
stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事
2. try doing sth.尝试做某事
try to do sth.设法或尽力去做某事
3. forget/remember doing sth.忘记/记得做过某事(已做)
forget/remember to do sth.忘记/记得去做某事(未做)
4. regret doing sth.后悔做过某事(已做)
regret to do sth.对要做的事感到遗憾(未做)
5. need doing sth.某事需要被做(被动含义)
need to do sth.需要去做某事(主动含义)
6. mean doing sth.意味着做某事
mean to do sth.打算或想做某事
7. go on doing sth.继续做同一件事(未完成)
go on to do sth.继续做另一件事(已经完成一件事)
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
10. (2025黑龙江改编)—How do you improve your English listening skills?
—I spend about twenty minutes  watching (watch) English videos every day.
11. (2025四川达州改编)Some experts suggest  eating (eat) healthy food.
watching 
eating 
12. (2025安徽改编)The scientist uses his knowledge to help factories  produce (produce) better cars.
13. (2025甘肃白银改编) Jim’s teacher is considering  encouraging (encourage ) him to try new things.
14. (2025甘肃白银改编)It’s true that  planning (plan) time is  saving (save) time.
produce 
encouraging 
planning 
saving 

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