资源简介

(共32张PPT)
初中
英
英
语
语
堂
堂
课
课
人教新教材2024版八年级英语下册
Unit 1 Time to Relax
Section A
How do you spend your free time？
(3a-4c)
3a Read the conversation. Circle Peter’s and Yaming’s free-time activities.
Peter: Hey Yaming What are you up to
Yaming: Hi Peter. I'm doing calligraphy.
Peter: It's beautiful! What are you writing
Yaming: It's a poem by Li Bai. My grandmother taught me
how to write it.
Peter: What's this character
Yaming: It's yue. It means"moon".
Peter: It's nice !I like watching you write like that. But it looks difficult.
Yaming: Well, the first step is always t he hardest. When I started to do calligraphy, I spent hours practising single strokes.
正在做
练习书法
步骤
3a Read the conversation. Circle Peter’s and Yaming’s free-time activities.
Peter: I know how that feels! My dad's teaching me to play the guitar. It's difficult, but he always encourages me not to give up.
Yaming: Exactly. Now I do calligraphy to relax. I even like how the ink smells Why did you choose to play the guitar
Peter: I think playing the guitar is cool. Will you teach me to write a poem I can teach you to play a song in return.
Yaming: It's a deal!
完全正确
鼓 励
放 弃
气 味
选 择
作为回报
知识点解析
1. up to的用法：
① 由...决定，取决于，常见结构：It’s up to sb.（to do sth.）（做某事）由某人决定
— Where shall we go for the weekend （我们周末去哪里？）
— It’s up to you. I have no plans.（由你决定，我没有计划。）
The choice is up to him—he can either stay or leave.（选择由他决定，他可以留下也可以离开。）
②正在做，忙于 The children are quiet—what are they up to （孩子们很安静，他们在搞什么名堂？）
③up to + 数词（数量 / 年龄 / 时间）“多达；高达”
The temperature in summer can go up to 38℃ in our city.（我们城市夏天的气温能高达 38 摄氏度。）
④表示 “胜任；能应付”（常用搭配 be up to doing sth.）
I don’t think he is up to finishing the task alone. He needs help.（我认为他不能独自完成这项任务，他需要帮助。）
2.mean的用法：
作动词，意思是，意味着，打算，意欲，过去式：meant
①mean+名词或代词
What does this word mean （这个单词是什么意思？）
The red light means “stop” in traffic rules.（交通规则中，红灯意味着 “停止”。）
②mean to do sth.（打算做某事；意欲做某事）
I didn’t mean to hurt your feelings. It was just a joke.（我不是故意要伤害你的感情，那只是个玩笑。）
③mean doing sth.（意味着做某事；意思是做某事）
Missing the train means waiting for another two hours.（错过这趟火车意味着还要再等两个小时。）
派生词：
meaning（n. 意思；含义）
meaningful（adj. 有意义的）
meaningless（adj. 无意义的）
作形容词：
①吝啬的；小气的，（常与 with 连用）
He is mean with his money and never buys gifts for others.（他对钱很吝啬，从不给别人买礼物。
②刻薄的；不友好的”（常与 to 连用）
Why are you so mean to her She didn’t do anything wrong.（你为什么对她这么刻薄？她没做错任何事。）
③平均的”（用于数学 / 统计场景）
The mean temperature in July is 30℃ in our city.（我们城市七月的平均气温是 30 摄氏度。）
3.exactly的用法：
①表示“精确地；正好”
The meeting will start exactly at 3 o’clock this afternoon.（会议将于今天下午 3 点整开始。）
②表示 “完全正确；正是如此”（常用于情景交际回应）
---The movie is so moving that I cried twice.（这部电影太感人了，我哭了两次。）
--- Exactly! I felt the same way.（正是如此！我也有同感。→ 含宾语从句，初二核心语法）
4.deal的用法：
deal 作名词，
①交易，协议
make a deal（达成协议）
It is a deal （一言为定，就这么定了）
②许多，大量
常见短语：a great deal of + 不可数名词（修饰金钱、时间等不可数名词）
She spent a great deal of time preparing for the English test.（她花了大量时间准备英语考试。）
作动词，处理，应对 过去式：dealt
常见短语：deal with
We need to learn how to deal with problems in our daily life.（我们需要学会如何处理日常生活中的问题。）
3b Read again and answer the questions.
1. What words does Peter use to describe Yaming's work
Beautiful
2.What does Yaming like about his hobby
Yaming likes two things about his hobby (doing calligraphy):
First, he does calligraphy to relax.
Second, he likes how the ink smells.
3. What are the similarities between Yaming's and Peter's hobbies
First, both hobbies are not easy—calligraphy looks difficult and playing the guitar is hard.
Second, both of them need to spend time practising (Yaming spent hours on calligraphy strokes, and Peter practices the guitar).
I think "The first step is always the hardest" means that when you start doing something new (like Yaming's calligraphy or Peter's guitar), the beginning is usually the most difficult part. But if you keep practising and don't give up, it will become easier later.
4. What do you think“The first step is always the hardest” means
5.How do you usually feel when you manage to do something difficult Give an example.
When I manage to do something difficult, I usually feel proud and happy. I also have a strong sense of achievement. For example, I once tried to learn how to ride a bike. At first, I fell down many times and wanted to give up. But my dad encouraged me to keep practising. After a week of hard work, I could ride the bike smoothly. I felt so proud of myself that I rode around the park twice!
3d Discuss the reasons why you do your hobbies. You can use the expressions to help you .
It makes feel happy to......
It helps me to ......
It's a great way to......
When I started to......, I ......
Grammar Focus 语法聚焦
4a Read the sentences.Decide if each infinitive（不定式） in bold functions as an object complement（宾语补足语） or adverbial（状语）.
What do you do in your free time I play the flute to relax.
How did you spend your weekend I went to the sports centre to ice skate.
How did you get into painting I saw my mother paint. I decided to give it ago.
What did your instructor say She told me not to give up so easily.
作目的状语
作目的状语
作宾语补足语
作宾语补足语
知识点解析
动词不定式的用法
1、动词不定式的构成: to+动词原形
没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能做谓语。
2.动词不定式的用法
具有名词，形容词和副词的特性，因此可在句子中做主语，宾语，表语，宾语补足语，定语和状语（重点目的状语）等。
句法作用 例句
做主语 To travel around the word is my dream.
做宾语 Do you want to visit the Great Wall？
做宾语补足语 He told me to practice speaking English every day.
作目的状语 To improve my English, I listen to English songs every day.
作定语 相当于形容词，I have a lot of homework to do.
1.不定式作宾语补足语
补充说明 “宾语” 的动作或状态，让宾语的意思更完整，使 “主语 + 谓语 + 宾语” 的结构意思完整。
常见动词
①带 to 的动词，如tell, ask, want, teach, encourage, advise等
She told me to finish homework first.（她让我先完成作业。）
②省 to 的动词（使役 / 感官动词），如make, let, see, hear, watch, notice等
I saw Tom play basketball on the playground.（我看见汤姆在操场打篮球。）
2.不定式作状语（重点：目的状语）
修饰动词或整个句子，说明 “做某事的目的”（最常用）
He studies hard to get good grades.（他努力学习是为了取得好成绩。）
We went to the library to borrow books.（我们去图书馆是为了借书。）
3.动词不定式的否定式
由“not +动词不定式” 构成，如
Try not to make any noise when you eat.
The book taught me not to give up .
4.疑问词+不定式结构
动词不定式可以于疑问词what，which，where，when，how等连用。
I don't know how to use the computer.
The tour guide will tell you where to go next.
5.不带to的动词不定式,主要由两大类：
一类感官动词: see ，hear，watch，feel，notice等，强调动作的过程。He heard someone walk down the stairs.
I saw her walk into the classroom
二类使役动词:let，make，have等,表示：让....做...
If you have any questions，please let me know.
The teacher made him stand up.
plete the conversations with the correct forms of the verbs in bracket.
1.A:Thanks for your adviceIt made me _ (decide) to try skiing.
B:You're welcome.Try _(forget) your fears and have fun
2.A:My cousin often asks me _(fly) kites with her when it's windy.
B:That sounds funI'd love to watch you _(fly) kites sometime.
decide
to forget
to fly
fly
3. A:I love to watch kung fu movies __(relax).
B: Really When I want __(relax),I watch animal videos.
4. A: My parents told me __(not push) myself too hard.
B: Yes, it's important __(not forget) to relax once in a while.
to relax
to relax
not to push
not to forget
知识点解析
1.try to do 与try doing sth 的区分：
① try to do sth.（努力做；试图做）
有明确目标，付出努力去完成，常与 “hard, again, finally” 等表努力的词搭配。I tried to finish my English homework before dinner, but it was too difficult.（我努力想在晚饭前完成英语作业，但它太难了。→ 付出努力，目标是完成）
She tried hard to remember all the new words, and she succeeded.（她努力记住所有新单词，而且成功了。→ 强调努力 + 结果）
②try doing sth.尝试做；试着做。没有强制目标，只是尝试一种新方式、新事物，看看是否有效 / 合适。）
① If you can’t solve the math problem, try asking your teacher for help.（如果你解不出这道数学题，试着向老师求助。→ 尝试新方法）
② I tried eating sushi for the first time yesterday—it was delicious!（我昨天第一次尝试吃寿司，它太美味了！→ 尝试新事物）
2. have fun的用法：
玩得开心；过得愉快
① have fun (doing sth.)（做某事很开心；享受做某事的过程）We had great fun playing beach volleyball on the weekend.（我们周末打沙滩排球玩得很开心。）
①have fun with sb./sth.（和某人玩得开心；玩某物很尽兴）
The children are having fun with the new toys.(孩子们开心地玩着玩具。）
3 relax的用法：
作动词，过去式：relaxed
①放松，休息，不及物动词，无宾语
I usually relax for 10 minutes after finishing homework.（我通常写完作业后休息 10 分钟。）
She relaxes by listening to light music every evening.（她每天晚上听轻音乐放松。）
②及物动词（带宾语）：使（某人 / 某物）放松；缓解
Reading comic books relaxes me when I’m sad.（我难过时，看漫画书能让我放松。）
② Doing yoga can relax your body and mind.（做瑜伽能放松你的身心。）
派生词用法
1. 形容词 relaxed（修饰人，表 “感到放松的”）
常见结构：be relaxed + (about sth.) /feel relaxed
She is relaxed about the result because she tried her best.（她对结果很坦然，因为她已经尽力了。)
2.形容词 relaxing（修饰物 / 事，表 “令人放松的”）
结构：a relaxing + 名词（物 / 事）/ 系动词 + relaxing
It’s a relaxing trip to the countryside—we enjoyed the fresh air.（去乡下的旅行很令人放松，我们享受了新鲜空气。）
② Listening to birds singing is a relaxing activity.（听鸟叫是一项放松的活动。）
3.名词 relaxation（表 “放松；休闲”）
结构：need relaxation /have relaxation /a way of relaxation
Reading is a good way of relaxation for students.（阅读对学生来说是一种很好的休闲方式。）
4c Complete the passage with the infinitive forms of the verbs in box.What do you usually do outdoors
chat (not) come do listen play spend stay watch
My twin brother and I look alike, but we are so different. I love sport, and I often meet my friends __ football and tennis. My brother joined us to play football once or twice, but he decided __ after that.He doesn't like sport very much! Instead, he likes __ at home and __ to music, and __ movies, __ with friends online.
to play
to stay
not to come
listen
watch
chat
Our parents were worried about him staying home too much.They also wanted us __ more time together as a family. So, now they let us __ our favourite activities on Saturdays, but on Sundays,we go on a family outing together!
to spend
do
THE END

展开更多......

收起↑