资源简介

中考英语 6 大时态被动语态全解与全方位专项训练
一、被动语态的基础结构与核心逻辑 1. 基础结构
主语（动作承受者） + be 动词 + 及物动词的过去分词（+ by + 动作执行者，可省略）
2. 核心逻辑
通过转换主动句的主语和宾语，突出动作的承受者，或弱化 / 省略动作执行者。
3. 主动变被动三步法（中考必记）
1. 找宾语：将主动句的宾语（动作承受者）改为被动句的主语；
2. 变结构：根据主动句时态，确定被动句中 be 动词的形式，再加动词过去分词；
3. 补细节：用 by 引出原主语（执行者），时间 / 地点状语保留原位。
示例：
主动句 : Mike made a model plane.（迈克做了一架模型飞机）
被动句: A model plane was made by Mike.（一架模型飞机被迈克做出来了）
二、八大时态被动语态全解析
1. 一般现在时被动语态
结构：主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词
标志词（中考高频）
often, usually, always, sometimes, every day/week/month/year, twice a week, on Sundays 等
注意事项
主语为单数用 is，复数用 are，I 用 am，you 用 are；
双宾语动词（teach, give, send 等）可转换为两种被动形式。
典型例句
主动句 : I often study English.（我经常学英语）
被动句 : English is often studied by me.（英语经常被我学习）
主动句 : The teacher teaches us maths.（老师教我们数学）
被动句 1 : Maths is taught to us by the teacher.（数学被老师教给我们）
被动句 2 : We are taught maths by the teacher.（我们被老师教数学）
补充例句：
主动句：My mother gives me a book every month.（妈妈每月给我一本书）
被动句 1：I am given a book by my mother every month.
被动句 2：A book is given to me by my mother every month.
2. 一般过去时被动语态
结构：主语 + was/were + 过去分词
标志词（中考高频）
yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week/month/year, ago（如 three days ago）,
in 2010, just now 等
注意事项
主语为单数用 was，复数用 were；
不规则动词的过去分词需牢记（如 write-wrote-written, see-saw-seen）。
典型例句
主动句 : He played football yesterday.（他昨天踢了足球）
被动句 : Football was played by him yesterday.（足球昨天被他踢了）
主动句 : Mother bought some presents last Sunday.（妈妈上周日买了些礼物）
被动句: Some presents were bought by mother last Sunday.（一些礼物上周日被妈妈买
了）
补充例句：
主动句：They built a school in our village in 2015.（2015 年他们在我们村建了一所
学校）
被动句：A school was built in our village by them in 2015.
3. 一般将来时被动语态
结构：主语 + will be + 过去分词（或 am/is/are going to be + 过去分词）
标志词
tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next week/month/year, soon, in + 将来时间
（如 in 5 years）等
注意事项
两种结构可互换（will be = am/is/are going to be），中考常考互换改写；
否定形式：will not be = won’t be；am/is/are not going to be。
典型例句
主动句: She will go to Shanghai tomorrow.（她明天要去上海）
被动句: Shanghai will be gone to by her tomorrow.（上海明天会被她前往）
主动句: They will have lunch at school.（他们将在学校吃午饭）
被动句: Lunch will be had by them at school.（午饭将被他们在学校吃）
补充例句（be going to 结构）：
主动句：We are going to hold a party next Friday.（我们下周五要举办一场派对）
被动句：A party is going to be held by us next Friday.
4. 现在进行时被动语态
结构：主语 + am/is/are being + 过去分词
标志词now, at the moment, these days, look!, listen! 等
注意事项
必须保留 “being”，不可省略（中考易错点）；
强调 “此刻正在被进行” 的动作。
典型例句
主动句 : The boy is watching TV now.（这个男孩现在正在看电视）
被动句: TV is being watched by the boy now.（电视现在正在被这个男孩看）
主动句: The farmers are planting trees on the hills.（农民们正在山上种树）
被动句: Trees are being planted by the farmers on the hill.（树正在被农民们种在山上）
补充例句：
主动句：The workers are repairing the bridge these days.（这些天工人们正在修桥）
被动句：The bridge is being repaired by the workers these days.
5. 现在完成时被动语态
结构：主语 + has/have been + 过去分词
标志词already, yet, ever, never, just, for + 时间段（如 for 3 years）, since + 时
间点（如 since 2020）, so far, up to now 等
注意事项
主语为单数（he/she/it/ 单数名词）用 has been，复数（we/you/they/ 复数名词）用
have been；
强调 “过去的动作对现在造成的被动影响”。
典型例句
主动句 : Tom has made a model plane.（汤姆已经做了一架模型飞机）
被动句 : A model plane has been made by Tom.（一架模型飞机已经被汤姆做好了）
主动句: Mike has eaten three apples already.（迈克已经吃了三个苹果了）
被动句: Three apples have been eaten already by Mike.（三个苹果已经被迈克吃了）
补充例句：
主动句：We have finished our homework since 6 o’clock.（从 6 点起我们就完成
了作业）
被动句：Our homework has been finished by us since 6 o’clock.
6. 过去完成时被动语态
结构：主语 + had been + 过去分词
标志词
by the end of last year/month/week, before + 过去时间（如 before he came）,
when + 过去时句子等
注意事项
表示 “过去的过去” 发生的被动动作，必须有明确的过去时间作为参照；
无论主语单复数，均用 had been（中考易错点：误用 has/have been）。
典型例句
主动句 : Sister had finished homework before dinner.（晚饭前姐姐已经做完了作业）
被动句: Homework had been finished by sister before dinner.（作业在晚饭前已经被姐
姐做完了）
补充例句：
主动句：The team had won two games before the rain stopped.（雨停前这个队已
经赢了两场比赛）
被动句：Two games had been won by the team before the rain stopped.
三、被动语态的使用场景
1. 强调动作承受者（中考写作常用）
例句：The little girl was saved by a kind stranger.（突出 “小女孩” 是被救的对象）
中考语境：介绍事件结果时，突出核心对象（如 “比赛冠军被一名初中生获得”）
2. 执行者不明或无需提及（中考阅读高频）
例句：Football is played all over the world.（强调 “足球被广泛踢” 的事实，无需说谁
在踢）
例句：The window was broken last night.（不知道谁打破窗户，只陈述事实）
3. 礼貌或正式表达（中考书信写作常用）
例句：You’re friendly invited to our school party.（邀请更礼貌，避免生硬）
例句：You are requested to keep quiet in the library.（图书馆的礼貌要求）
4. 科技 / 新闻报道（中考阅读常见）
例句：New energy cars are made in many cities in China.（新闻报道客观陈述）
四、被动语态高频使用场景（中考写作 / 阅读理解）
1. 强调动作承受者（写作亮点）
例句：The old temple was protected by the local people for 100 years.（突出 “古寺”
是保护对象）
中考应用：介绍文化遗产、好人好事时使用
2. 动作执行者不明 / 无需提及（阅读常考）
例句：Many new houses were built in the village last year.（只说 “新房子被建”，不说
谁建）
例句：Letters are delivered every morning.（邮政服务客观描述）
3. 正式 / 礼貌表达（书信写作必备）
例句：You are welcome to join our volunteer activity.（邀请信礼貌表达）
例句：Students are required to follow the school rules.（校规正式表述）
4. 科技 / 说明类文本（阅读常见）
例句：Paper is made from wood.（科学常识说明）
例句：Mobile phones are used for communication.（功能说明）
五、强化训练题 一、单项选择
1. Many trees ___ in our city every year.（原题）
A. plant B. planted C. are planted D. were planted
2. The book ___ by Mo Yan in 2012.（原题）
A. is written B. was written C. writes D. wrote
3. A new hospital ___ here now. We can see the workers every day.（原题）
A. is built B. was built C. is being built D. will be built
4. By the end of last month, the new road＿＿ by them.（原题）
A. completed B. have completed C. had completed D. had been completed
5. English ___ as a second language in many countries.
A. speaks B. is spoken C. spoke D. was spoken
6. The meeting ___ at 3 pm tomorrow. Don’t be late.
A. will hold B. will be held C. is held D. was held
7. Look! The old buildings ___ by the workers.
A. are repairing B. are being repaired C. repaired D. were repaired
8. By 2030, more than 500 schools ___ in our province.
A. will build B. will be built C. will have built D. will have been built
9. The letter ___ before my mother came back.
A. has been sent B. had been sent C. was sent D. is sent
10. These books ___ to the children in poor areas every term.
A. are given B. give C. gave D. will give
答案与解析
1. C 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. A
解析
1. 答案: C
解析：every year 是一般现在时标志，trees（树）和 plant（种植）是被动关系，用 are
planted。
2. 答案: B
解析：in 2012 是一般过去时标志，book（书）和 write（写）是被动关系，用 was written。
3. 答案: C
解析：now 是现在进行时标志，hospital（医院）和 build（建造）是被动关系，用 is being
built。
4. 答案: D
解析：By the end of last month 是过去完成时标志，road（道路）和 complete（完成）是被
动关系，用 had been completed。
5. 答案: B
解析：无明确时间但表示客观事实，English（英语）和 speak（说）是被动关系，用一般现在时
被动 is spoken。
6. 答案: B
解析：tomorrow 是一般将来时标志，meeting（会议）和 hold（举办）是被动关系，用 will
be held。
7. 答案: B
解析：Look! 是现在进行时标志，buildings（建筑）和 repair（修理）是被动关系，用 are
being repaired。
8. 答案: D
解析：By 2030 是将来完成时标志，schools（学校）和 build（建造）是被动关系，用 will
have been built。
9. 答案: B
解析：before my mother came back（妈妈回来前）是过去时间，letter（信）和 send（寄）
是 “过去的过去” 的被动，用 had been sent。
10. 答案: A
解析：every term 是一般现在时标志，books（书）和 give（给）是被动关系，用 are given。
二、句型转换
1. People speak English all over the world.（原题）
2. She will clean the classroom tomorrow.（原题）
3. They are repairing the machine at the moment.（原题）
4. He had finished his homework before his mother came back.（原题）
5. My father gives me a new pen every birthday.
6. The workers were building a bridge at this time last year.
7. We have planted 1000 trees in the park so far.
8. The teacher will have checked our papers by Friday.
答案 + 解析
1. 被动语态: English is spoken all over the world.
解析：一般现在时被动，主动句宾语 English 作主语，speak 的过去分词是 spoken，用 is
spoken（执行者 people 无需提及）。
2. 被动语态: The classroom will be cleaned by her tomorrow.
解析：一般将来时被动，主动句宾语 classroom 作主语，clean 的过去分词是 cleaned，用 will
be cleaned。
3. 被动语态: The machine is being repaired by them at the moment.
解析：现在进行时被动，主动句宾语 machine 作主语，repair 的过去分词是 repaired，用 is
being repaired。
4. 被动语态: His homework had been finished by him before his mother came back.
解析：过去完成时被动，主动句宾语 homework 作主语，finish 的过去分词是 finished，用
had been finished。
5. 被动语态 1: I am given a new pen by my father every birthday.
被动语态 2: A new pen is given to me by my father every birthday.
解析：一般现在时双宾语被动，give sb sth 可转换为 sb be given sth 或 sth be given to sb，
过去分词用 given。
6. 被动语态: A bridge was being built by the workers at this time last year.
解析：过去进行时被动，主动句宾语 bridge 作主语，build 的过去分词是 built，用 was being
built。
7. 被动语态: 1000 trees have been planted by us in the park so far.
解析：现在完成时被动，主动句宾语 1000 trees 作主语，plant 的过去分词是 planted，用
have been planted。
8. 被动语态: Our papers will have been checked by the teacher by Friday.
9. 解析：将来完成时被动，主动句宾语 our papers 作主语，check 的过去分词是 checked，用
will have been checked。
六、中考强化训练题 （一）单项选择
1. Rice ___ in the south of China.
A. grow B. grows C. is grown D. was grown
2. The story ___ by my grandma when I was a child.
A. tells B. is told C. was told D. will be told
3. A new park ___ in our town next year.
A. builds B. will build C. will be built D. is built
4. Look! The classroom ___ by the students.
A. cleans B. is cleaning C. is being cleaned D. cleaned
5. At this time last night, my homework ___ by me.
A. did B. was doing C. was being done D. has been done
6. The flowers ___ since last Monday.
A. watered B. have watered C. have been watered D. were watered
7. By the time we arrived, the film ___ already ___.
A. has; started B. had; started C. has been; started D. had been; started
8. These photos ___ in the park tomorrow afternoon.
A. will take B. will be taken C. are taken D. take
9. English ___ in most schools in China.
A. teaches B. is taught C. taught D. was taught
10. The bridge ___ in 2005. It has been used for 18 years.
A. builds B. built C. was built D. is built
11. The baby ___ by her aunt now.
A. is taking care of B. is being taken care of C. takes care of D. took care of
12. By 2024, he ___ in this company for 10 years.
A. works B. will work C. will have worked D. will have been worked
13. The problem ___ before the meeting started.
A. has been solved B. had been solved C. is solved D. was solved
14. More trees ___ in the mountains next spring.
A. will plant B. are planted C. will be planted D. plant
15. The letters ___ by the postman every morning.
A. deliver B. are delivered C. delivered D. were delivered
答案
1. C 2. C 3. C 4. C 5. C 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. B 10. C 11. B 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. B
解析
1. 答案：C
解析：客观事实用一般现在时，rice 和 grow 是被动关系，选 is grown。
2. 答案：C
解析：when I was a child 是一般过去时标志，story 和 tell 是被动关系，选 was told。
3. 答案：C
解析：next year 是一般将来时标志，park 和 build 是被动关系，选 will be built。
4. 答案：C
解析：Look! 是现在进行时标志，classroom 和 clean 是被动关系，选 is being cleaned。
5. 答案：C
解析：this time last night 是过去进行时标志，homework 和 do 是被动关系，选 was being
done。
6. 答案：C
解析：since last Monday 是现在完成时标志，flowers 和 water 是被动关系，选 have been
watered。
7. 答案：D
解析：by the time we arrived 是过去完成时标志，film 和 start 是被动关系，选 had been
started。
8. 答案：B
解析：tomorrow afternoon 是一般将来时标志，photos 和 take 是被动关系，选 will be
taken。
9. 答案：B
解析：客观事实用一般现在时，English 和 teach 是被动关系，选 is taught。
10. 答案：C
解析：in 2005 是一般过去时标志，bridge 和 build 是被动关系，选 was built。
11. 答案：B
解析：now 是现在进行时标志，baby 和 take care of 是被动关系，选 is being taken care of。
12. 答案：D
解析：by 2024 是将来完成时标志，he 和 work 是被动关系（被雇佣），选 will have been
worked。
13. 答案：B
解析：before the meeting started 是过去时间，problem 和 solve 是 “过去的过去” 被动，
选 had been solved。
14. 答案：C
解析：next spring 是一般将来时标志，trees 和 plant 是被动关系，选 will be planted。
15. 答案：B
解析：every morning 是一般现在时标志，letters 和 deliver 是被动关系，选 are delivered。 （二）句型转换（主动变被动）
1. We use computers to study English.
2. They finished the project last month.
3. My teacher will ask us to write a report.
4. The workers are painting the walls now.
5. She was making a cake at 9 last night.
6. Tom has read the book twice.
7. They had built three schools by 2022.
8. We will have finished the work by next Monday.
9. My mother gives me a gift on my birthday.（双宾语）
10. The coach teaches the players how to play football.
答案
1. Computers are used to study English by us.
2. The project was finished by them last month.
3. We will be asked to write a report by my teacher.（或 A report will be asked to be
written by us by my teacher. 优先第一句）
4. The walls are being painted by the workers now.
5. A cake was being made by her at 9 last night.
6. The book has been read twice by Tom.
7. Three schools had been built by them by 2022.
8. The work will have been finished by us by next Monday.
9. I am given a gift by my mother on my birthday. / A gift is given to me by my
mother on my birthday.
10. The players are taught how to play football by the coach.
（三）同义句转换（主动变被动）
1. People usually eat mooncakes on Mid-Autumn Festival.
→ Mooncakes ___ usually ___ on Mid-Autumn Festival.
2. They will hold a sports meeting next month.
→ A sports meeting ___ ___ ___ by them next month.
3. The workers are mending the cars now.
→ The cars ___ ___ ___ by the workers now.
4. She had written three letters before she went out.
→ Three letters ___ ___ ___ by her before she went out.
5. We have planted many flowers in the garden.
→ Many flowers ___ ___ ___ in the garden by us.
答案
1. are; eaten
2. will be held
3. are being mended
4. had been written
5. have been planted
（四）改错
1. The letter was send by my friend yesterday.（ ）___
2. Many trees are being plant in the park these days.（ ）___
3. By the end of last year, he has been to Beijing twice.（ ）___
4. The classroom will be clean by the students after class.（ ）___
5. A new school is building in our city now.（ ）___
答案 + 解析
1. 错误：send → 改正：sent
解析：一般过去时被动，send 的过去分词是 sent，不是原形。
2. 错误：plant → 改正：planted
解析：现在进行时被动，plant 的过去分词是 planted，需用被动形式。
3. 错误：has been → 改正：had been
解析：By the end of last year 是过去完成时标志，需用 had been。
4. 错误：clean → 改正：cleaned
解析：一般将来时被动，结构是 will be + 过去分词，clean 的过去分词是 cleaned。
5. 错误：is building → 改正：is being built
解析：now 是现在进行时被动，需用 am/is/are being + 过去分词，build 的过去分词是 built。

展开更多......

收起↑