资源简介

Our life is filled with sunshine and rain.Not everything goes smoothly.We may be confronted with adversity.If that happens,what should we do We should face up to the difficulty and never give up.Be persistent and positive,and we will be successful.
Part 1　Reading and Thinking,Learning About Language
　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　
阅读单词
1.adversity　　n.困境;逆境
2.expedition n.探险;远征;探险队
3.cupboard n.橱柜;壁橱;衣柜
4.steward n.(轮船、飞机或火车上的)乘务员;服务员
5.crush vt.毁坏;压坏;压碎
n.拥挤的人群
6.stove n.炉具;厨房灶具
7.blanket n.毯子
8.belongings n. [pl.] 财物;动产
9.voyage n.& vi. 航海;航行
10.navy n.海军;海军部队
11.decent adj.相当不错的;正派的;得体的
12.cosy adj.温馨的;舒适的
13.crew n.(轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员;专业团队;一群人
14.furniture n.家具
15.bark vi.& n.(狗)吠叫;吠叫声
16.rugby n.橄榄球运动
17.bat n.球拍;蝙蝠
vi.& vt.用球板击球;挥打;拍打
18.nephew n.侄子;外甥
核心单词
1.wage　　　　　　　n.工资
2.bitter adj.严寒的;激烈而不愉快的;味苦的
3.aboard adv.& prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
4.envy n.& vt.羡慕;妒忌
5.sink vi.沉没;下沉;下降
vt.使下沉;使沉没
6.abandon vt.舍弃;抛弃;放弃
7.good/bad-tempered adj.脾气好的/坏的
8.damp adj.潮湿的;湿气重的
9.recreation n.娱乐;消遣;游戏
10.corporate adj.公司的;法人的;社团的
运用词汇
1.endurance n.忍耐力;耐久力→endure vt.容忍;忍耐
2.vigour n.精力;力量;活力→vigorous adj.精力充沛的→vigorously adv.精神旺盛地
3.qualified adj.符合资格;具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→qualify vt.& vi.(使)具备资格;(使)合格→qualification n.资格;资历
4.enthusiastic adj.热情的;热心的→enthusiastically adv.热情地;热心地→enthusiasm n.热情;热心
5.assign vt.分派;布置;分配→assignment n.分配;任务;作业
6.miserable adj.痛苦的;令人难受的→miserably adv.痛苦地;令人难受地→misery n.痛苦;悲惨
7.selfish adj.自私的→selfishly adv.自私地→selfishness n.自私→selfless adj.无私的
8.genuine adj.真正的;真诚的;可信赖的→genuinely adv.真正地;真诚地;诚实地
9.perseverance n.毅力;韧性;不屈不挠的精神→persevere vi.坚持;孜孜以求
10.resolve vi.& vt.决定;决心;解决(问题或困难) n.决心;坚定的信念→resolution n.决议;解决;坚定
11.cruel adj.残酷的;残忍的;冷酷的→cruelly adv.残酷地→cruelty n.残酷;残忍
12.thorough adj.深入的;彻底的;细致的→thoroughly adv.完全地;彻底地;非常
13.fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunately adv.不幸地;遗憾地→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortune n.运气;幸运
14.guidance n.指导;引导;导航→guide n.导游 vt.引导;带领
15.advertise vt.& vi.公布;宣传;做广告→advertising n.广告活动;广告业→advertisement n.广告
重点词块
1.dream of 梦想
2.be ready for 为……做好准备
3.turn sb down 拒绝(某人)
4.be enthusiastic about 对……充满热情
5.go aboard 上船
6.set off 出发;动身
7.assign sb to do sth 指派某人做某事
8.become stuck in 被困在
9.throw away 扔掉
10.to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是
11.go from bad to worse 越来越糟糕
12.make it 成功
13.hold on 坚持住;别挂断
14.under one’s guidance 在某人的指导下
重点句型
1.以下是布莱克博罗的几篇日记摘录。
Below are some of Blackborow’s diary entries.
2.……好吧,一天早晨,我碰巧买了份报纸,看到了这则有关南极探险的招募广告。
...Well,it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition.
3.但是,满怀着想要与他们同赴南极的热情,我偷偷地爬上了他的“坚忍”号轮船,躲在一个小橱柜里。
But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship,the Endurance,and hid in a small cupboard.
4.我们来到此处不久之后,沙克尔顿就离开我们,前往1 320千米之外的南乔治亚岛寻求帮助——这一航行对于我们所有人而言太危险、太艰难了,仅靠这艘小船,肯定无法让每个人都脱险。
Soon after we arrived,Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island,1,320 kilometres away—the voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats.
5.要不是有弗兰克和欧内斯特,我们到现在早就没命了。
Without Frank and Ernest,we’d all be dead by now.
1.主题语境:人与自我——做人与做事
2.语篇类型:日记——记叙文
3.课文内容分析:
本文讲述的是一个真实的南极探险故事。本文展现了探险家沙克尔顿以及船员珀西等人登上“坚忍”号,“坚忍”号被困并沉没,船员们登陆象岛,沙克尔顿组队求援的大致过程,其中每一个事件都伴随着对相关人物的考验,展现了探险家和船员们不畏艰险、不惧困难的精神。本文旨在塑造学生的健全人格,鼓励他们勇于挑战自我,正视人生中的逆境,把握生命的价值和人生的意义。
答案:1.down　2.discovered　3.meals　4.help　5.hope　6.chance
　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　
(　　)1.Why was Perce Blackborow turned down when he applied to join the expedition
A.Because he was too young and wasn’t qualified.
B.Because he had no experience.
C.Because he had no perseverance.
D.Because they needed no more hands.
(　　)2.How did Shackleton feel when the Endurance sank
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　
A.Panic. B.Surprised. C.Calm. D.Unconcerned.
(　　)3.Why did Shackleton allow Hussey to keep his banjo
A.Because it was very valuable.
B.Because it took up little space.
C.Because it would never sink.
D.Because it could cheer them up.
(　　)4.What kind of people are Frank and Shackleton
A.Selfish and bad-tempered.
B.Caring and strong-willed.
C.Creative and responsible.
D.Adventurous and adaptable.
(　　)5.What does the passage mainly tell us
A.Perce Blackborow admired Shackleton very much.
B.Shackleton took Perce Blackborow to the ship.
C.Perce Blackborow’s diary entries about the great expedition.
D.Perce Blackborow missed his mother very much.
答案:1.A　2.C　3.D　4.B　5.C
1.However,when I applied to join the expedition,Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasn’t qualified.
然而,当我申请参加这次探险时,沙克尔顿却拒绝了我,因为他认为我太年轻,不具备资格。
★turn down 拒绝(提议、建议或提议人);把……调低;关小
This time,she turned down the fire so it cooked nicely.
这一次,她把火关小了,这样烤得好。
I would appreciate it if you could turn the volume
down.
如果你将音量调低,我将不胜感激。
How could you turn down such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months
你好几个月没有工作了,怎么能拒绝一份这么好的工作
归纳拓展 turn up 到达;露面;偶然出现;调高(音量等) turn on 接通(电流、煤气、水等);打开 turn off 关掉;截断(电流、煤气、水等) turn in 上交;提交;交还 turn back (使)原路返回,往回走 turn to 向……求助;转向;翻到 turn over 翻身;翻转;移交 turn out 结果是,证明是;生产;出席(某项活动);在场
如果宾语为代词,需要把代词放在turn与down之间。
(1)句子语法填空
①He promised that he would come,but he did not turn 　　　　 until midnight.
②She forgot to turn 　　　　 the radio and thus missed the programme.
(2)完成句子
③他拒绝了我的建议,把生意移交给了他的女儿。
He 　　　　　　　　 my suggestion and 　　　　　　　　 the business to his daughter.
④当我向他求助时,他却毫不犹豫地拒绝了我,这让我快要哭了。
When I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,it 　　　　　　　　 that he 　　　　　　　　　　　　 without hesitation,which put me on the verge of crying.
答案:(1)①up　②on　(2)③turned down;turned over　④turned to him for help;turned out;turned me down
The party was almost over,but Jane still didn’t turn up.He was very disappointed.He wanted to know why she didn’t turn down his invitation if she didn’t want to come.It turned out that her car broke down halfway but there was no one she could turn to for help.
聚会快结束了,但简仍然没有出现。他非常失望。他想知道如果她不想来,她为什么不拒绝他的邀请。结果是简的车在半路上抛锚了,但她找不到人帮忙。
★qualified adj.符合资格;具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)
qualify vt.& vi.(使)具备资格;(使)合格
qualification n.资格;资历
(2023·全国乙卷)She qualified as a surgeon in 1813,then joined the British Army,serving overseas.
她于1813年获得外科医生资格,然后加入英国军队,在海外服役。
There is a growing need for qualified teachers of Business English.
对合格的商务英语教师的需求日益增长。
What makes you think you are qualified for this job
你为何认为自己适合这份工作
归纳拓展 ·be qualified for sth 有资格获得某物;能胜任某事 be qualified to do sth 有资格做某事 ·qualify sb to do sth 使某人有资格做某事 qualify sb as...使某人有资格成为…… qualify sb for...使某人合格;使某人有资格……
表示“胜任……”的其他短语有be equal to、be fit for、be adequate to等。
(1)句子语法填空
①This training course will qualify you 　　　　a better job.
②To tell the truth,I don’t know much about it,so I am not qualified 　　　　(make) any comment on it.
③The young girl has 　　　　 (qualify) to teach English.
(2)句型转换
④He is looking for a person who is qualified to do the job.
→He is looking for a person 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(用形容词短语改写)
答案:(1)①for　②to make　③qualifications
(2)④qualified to do the job
He got his qualification certificate after graduation.Now he qualifies himself as a lawyer.That is to say,he is qualified to defend the client.
他毕业后获得了资格证书。现在他有资格当律师了。也就是说,他有资格为客户辩护。
2.But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship,the Endurance,and hid in a small cupboard.
但是,满怀着想要与他们同赴南极的热情,我偷偷地爬上了他的“坚忍”号轮船,躲在一个小橱柜里。
★enthusiastic adj.热情的;热心的
enthusiastically adv.热情地;热心地
enthusiasm n.热情;热心
enthusiast n.热心者;爱好者
Camping is a great way to meet the locals as they themselves are enthusiastic campers.
野营是与当地居民接触的好途径,因为他们本身就是热情的露营者。
He was always enthusiastic about helping others.
他总是热心帮助别人。
You’ll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job.
你要让他们相信你对这份工作的热情。
归纳拓展 ·be enthusiastic about(doing)...对(做)……充满热情 ·with enthusiasm(=enthusiastically) 热情地 be full of enthusiasm for...充满对……的热情 enthusiasm for (doing) sth 对(做)某事的热情
(1)句子语法填空
①The resort is popular among ski 　　　　 (enthusiastic).
②Today,I am just as enthusiastic 　　　　 my job as the day I first started.
③She talked 　　　　 (enthusiastic) on the joys of having a large family.
(2)完成句子
④她从未失去过教书的热忱。
She never lost her 　.
答案:(1)①enthusiasts　②about　③enthusiastically
(2)④enthusiasm for teaching
◆aboard adv.& prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
After five hours of waiting,travellers finally went aboard the ship.
等了5个小时后,游客终于上了船。
Little Tom and the sailors spent two months aboard.
小汤姆和水手们在船上待了两个月。
All aboard!The flight is about to take off.
请大家登机!航班马上就要起飞了。
归纳拓展 be aboard a/the train/bus/plane 上火车/公共汽车/飞机 go aboard 上船(飞机、火车、公共汽车等) All aboard! 请大家上船(飞机、火车、公共汽车等)! Welcome aboard!欢迎乘坐! on board 在船(火车、飞机)上
注意区别以下四个词形相近的单词:aboard、abroad、board与broad。
词语 辨析
aboard adv.& prep.在(船、火车、飞机等)上;上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
abroad adv.在国外;到国外
board v.上船(火车、飞机、公共汽车等);寄宿 n.木板;膳食;董事会
broad adj.广阔的;宽阔的;广泛的;概括的
(1)语境选词填空(aboard/abroad/board/broad)
①The moment he was about to go　　　　the ship,he found that he had left his ticket home.
②Although living 　　　　 for years,many Chinese still observe traditional Chinese customs.
③All passengers must be in possession of a valid ticket before 　　　　 the train.
④With a kind heart and 　　　　mind,he is sure to go further in his career.
(2)完成句子
⑤他们是最后两个上船的人。
They were the last two to 　.
⑥欢迎乘坐我们的轮船,很高兴能跟大家一起度过这一天美好的时光。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and it’s a pleasure to spend the day with you all.
答案:(1)①aboard　②abroad　③boarding
④broad　(2)⑤go aboard the ship/board the ship　⑥Welcome aboard our ship
3.He assigned me to be a steward,and I now serve meals for twenty-eight men,three times a day.
他指派我担任服务员,我现在为28名船员供应一日三餐。
★assign vt.分派;布置;分配
assignment n.分配;任务;作业
Later in the year,she’ll assign them research papers/
assign research papers to them.
今年晚些时候,她将给他们布置研究论文。
Which police officer has been assigned to this case
哪一位警官被指派负责该案件
They’ve assigned the best man to do the job.
他们指派了最优秀的人做这项工作。
归纳拓展 assign sb sth(=assign sth to sb)给某人布置/分派某事 assign sb to do sth布置/分派某人做某事 be assigned to sb/sth 被指派/被分配给…… assign sb to...分配/指派某人到(某个岗位、某项工作等)
(1)句子语法填空
①His son 　　　　 (assign) to work at a county hospital after graduation.
②You will need to complete three written 　　　　 (assign) per semester.
(2)完成句子
③总经理派他去指导这栋大楼的建设。
The general manager 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the construction of the building.
④这两间大教室被分配给了我们。
The two large classrooms 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
答案:(1)①was assigned　②assignments
(2)③assigned him to guide
④have been assigned to us
We assign different questions to everyone,and then everyone is responsible for writing the assigned questions.After finishing them,they should hand in their assignments.
我们将不同的问题分配给每个人,然后每人负责写分配到的问题。完成后,他们应该上交作业。
4.How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to!
等我回来,当我告诉每个人我去过的那些神奇地方,大家该会多么羡慕我啊!
★envy n.&vt.羡慕;妒忌
enviable adj.令人羡慕的
envious adj.羡慕的;妒忌的
He will have a chance of visiting Guilin.We all envy him his good fortune.
他将有机会游览桂林,我们都很羡慕他的好运。
They looked with envy at her latest purchase.
他们羡慕地看着她最近买到的东西。
They only say such unkind things about you out of envy.
他们纯粹出于妒忌才说你的坏话。
归纳拓展 ·be/become the envy of sb 成为某人羡慕/妒忌的对象 with envy 羡慕地;嫉妒地 out of envy 出于羡慕;出于嫉妒 feel envy at 对……妒忌 ·envy sb (for) sth 羡慕/妒忌某人有某物 envy sb doing sth 羡慕/妒忌某人做某事 ·be envious of 羡慕/妒忌……
envy、admire这两个词都可译为“羡慕”,但含义并不相同。envy不仅含有“羡慕别人所拥有的东西或品质”的意思,而且进一步有“我也要拥有”的含义。
句子语法填空
①If you have no selfish motives,you will not be suspicious and envious 　　　　others.
②My friends were green 　　　　 envy when I bought a new car.
③She always envies me 　　　　 my curly hair.
答案:①of　②with　③for
5.Before we abandoned the ship,Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies—the small boats,our food,the cook stove,candles,clothes,and blankets.
在我们弃船之前,沙克尔顿镇定地把大家召集在一起,告诉我们要抢救最需要的补给品——小船、食物、炊具、蜡烛、衣服和毛毯。
★abandon vt.舍弃;抛弃;放弃 n.放纵
abandoned adj.被抛弃的;废弃的;放纵的
Playing computer games is harmful to your health.Don’t abandon yourself to this kind of pleasure.
玩电脑游戏对你的健康有害。不要沉迷于这种快乐。
By no means shall we abandon searching for the missing people.
我们绝不会放弃寻找失踪者。
(2022·全国乙卷)The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.
身处新环境的人应该对你的朋友可能会感到被抛弃这一事实表示同情。
归纳拓展 ·abandon (doing) sth 放弃/停止(做)某事 abandon oneself to...沉湎于某事;陷入(某种情感) be abandoned to (doing)...沉湎于(做)…… ·with abandon 恣意地;放纵地
以上短语中的to都是介词,后跟名词或动词-ing形式。
(1)句子语法填空
①During the festival people jumped and shouted 　　　　 abandon and they enjoyed their life to the fullest.
②They abandoned 　　　　(carry) out the plan because of the lack of money.
(2)一句多译
他在业余时间沉迷于阅读各种各样的书,很少有机会和朋友聚在一起。
③He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 all kinds of books in his spare time and seldom has a chance to get together with his friends.(abandon oneself to)
④He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 all kinds of books in his spare time and seldom has a chance to get together with his friends.(be abandoned to)
⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 all kinds of books in his spare time,he seldom has a chance to get together with his friends.(非谓语动词)
答案:(1)①with　②carrying　(2)③abandons himself to reading　④is abandoned to reading　⑤Abandoned to reading/Abandoning himself to reading
6.Their genuine concern for others,their perseverance,and their resolve fill me with hope.
他们对他人的真心关怀、他们的锲而不舍以及坚定的信念,让我充满希望。
◆resolve vi.& vt.决定;决心;解决(问题或困难)n.决心;坚定的信念
resolution n.决议;解决;坚定
(2022·全国甲卷)It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving.
这是一场我们无法更好地解决的冲突。
From that moment she resolved to trace the unknown element.
从那时起,她决心找出这种未知的元素。
The difficulties in my study merely strengthened my
resolve.
学习中的困难只会让我更加坚定。
归纳拓展 ·weaken/strengthen/test one’s resolve 削弱/增强/考验某人的决心 ·resolve (not) to do sth 决定(不)做某事 resolve on (doing) sth 决定(做)某事 ·make a resolution 下决心;制订计划
(1)句子语法填空
①I have resolved 　　　　 (assign) the most challenging task to Tom—a hard-working and enthusiastic man.
②Now the number of students who resolve 　　　　 studying abroad after graduation is on the decrease.
③Perhaps you could start your 　　　　 (resolve) by finding the source of the problem.
(2)完成句子
④文化遗产代表我们祖先的智慧,因此我们国家决定不遗余力地保护它们。
Cultural relics represent the wisdom of our ancestors,so 　.
答案:(1)①to assign　②on　③resolution　(2)④our country has resolved to spare no effort to protect them
1....the voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats.
……这一航行对于我们所有人而言太危险、太艰难了,仅靠这艘小船,肯定无法让每个人都脱险。
★too...to...太……而不能……
(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Young people are too busy to interact with nature.
年轻人太忙了,没有时间接触大自然。
(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)It is never too late for people to start taking exercise.
只要人们开始锻炼就永远都不晚。
完成句子
①一个人去森林里探险太危险了,尤其是现在下着大雨。
It is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　alone especially when it is raining heavily now.
②你做作业时越细心越好。
You 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to do your homework.
③听到这个好消息我非常高兴。
I’m 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the good news.
答案:①too dangerous to explore the forest
②can’t be too careful　③only too glad to hear
2.Without Frank and Ernest,we’d all be dead by now.
要不是有弗兰克和欧内斯特,我们到现在早就没命了。
★句中介词without引起虚拟语气,是一种含蓄条件句的表达方式。
(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)She would have struggled with extreme pain to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
如果没有贝利的帮助,她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。
Without your help,finishing the task ahead of time would be impossible.
没有你的帮助,提前完成任务是不可能的。
Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat,Earth would be freezing cold at night.
如果没有空气留住太阳的一些热量,晚上地球将会非常寒冷。
I didn’t catch the bus,or I would not have missed the wonderful film.
我没有赶上公共汽车,否则我不会错过这部精彩的电影。
完成句子
①如果没有你的建议,我可能会犯下大错。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I would make a big mistake.
②幸运的是,我参加了采摘活动。要不然,我就体会不到劳动的乐趣了。
Fortunately,I participated in the picking activity.Otherwise,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
③没有你的帮助,我的英语不可能进步得这么快,我也不可能如此享受在那里的生活。
Without your help,my English 　　　　　　　　　　　　 so quickly and I 　
my life there so much,either.
④真遗憾!你错过了这次观光,要不然我们本可以在一起度过一段愉快时光。
What a pity! You missed the sightseeing,or we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 together.
答案:①Without your advice/But for your advice
②I could not have experienced the joy of working
③couldn’t have improved;couldn’t have enjoyed
④would have had a good time
　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　
人物心理描写(悲伤、绝望)
一、课文词汇
1.our hearts sink我们的心沉了下去
2.to one’s surprise令某人惊讶的是
3.keep one’s spirits up振奋某人的精神
4.hope of rescue获救的希望
5.feel low感到沮丧
二、补充词汇
6.in the sea of sorrow 在悲伤的海洋中
7.fall into despair 陷入绝望
8.in grief 悲痛
9.full of despair 充满绝望
10.unbearably painful 难以忍受的痛苦
11.feel heartbroken 感到心碎
12.with a heavy heart 怀着沉重的心情
13.a hopeless sigh 一声无望的叹息
14.be sad at heart 心里悲伤
15.beyond hope 绝望地
一、课本原句
1.And when the ship sank,our hearts sank with it.
当船沉没时,我们的心也跟着下沉。
2.But to our surprise,he allowed Hussey to keep his banjo.Hussey often plays it to keep our spirits up.
然而,令我们惊讶的是,他允许赫西带上他的班卓琴。赫西经常会弹奏班卓琴,以振奋我们的精神。
3.If Shackleton fails,will we have any hope of rescue
如果沙克尔顿失败了,我们还有任何获救的希望吗
二、其他表达
4.She fell into deep despair and couldn’t enjoy even little pleasure.
她陷入深深的绝望,感受不到一丝快乐。
5.She hugged her head in despair and knelt down.
她绝望地抱住头,跪下来。
6.They were immersed in grief.
他们沉浸在悲痛之中。
7.She felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn’t help crying bitterly.
她感到一阵悲伤,忍不住痛哭起来。
8.She suddenly choked with sobs,her tears gushing from her eyes.
她突然泣不成声,眼泪夺眶而出。
9.I sobbed slowly,and my heart was full of despair.
我慢慢抽泣起来,心里满是绝望。
10.Feeling unbearably painful and heartbroken,she was at a loss.
她感到难以忍受的痛苦和心碎,不知所措。
11.Unbearable sadness possessing me,I was close to tears.
无法忍受的悲伤笼罩着我,我几乎要哭了。
12.Her tears filled her eyes and started rolling down her face.
她的泪水盈满了眼眶,开始顺着她的脸颊往下流。
1.得知助手绝望地递交了辞职信的噩耗,他感到心碎。孤独和悲伤如潮水般涌来。
2.听到老父亲去世的消息,他的泪水盈满了眼眶,开始顺着他的脸颊往下流。突然,他十分悲痛地抽泣起来。
答案:1.He felt heartbroken when he learnt the bad news that his assistant handed over his resignation letter in despair.Loneliness and grief came in waves.
2.Hearing the death of his old father,his tears filled his eyes and started rolling down his face.Suddenly,he sobbed in grief heavily.
课文二次开发利用
课文语法填空
　　My name is Perce Blackborow and I have been dreaming of 1.　　　　 expedition to the South Pole with Sir Ernest Shackleton.One day,I read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition in a newspaper,but when I applied to join it,I 2.　　　　(turn) down because I was too young and wasn’t qualified.I got aboard the ship without 3.　　　　 (permit) and hid in a small cupboard,but was discovered three days later.Shackleton assigned me 4.　　　　(be) a steward,and I cooked for twenty-eight men.How 5.　　　　 (excite) I was!
The journey was 6.　　　　 (hard) than I expected.When we approached Antarctica,our ship became stuck 7.　　　　 the ice and got crushed.Before abandoning the ship,we were only allowed to take some of our necessities and throw away the rest.We were camped on the ice,but with spring 8.　　　　 (come),the ice began to melt.
Having struggled for days,the conditions on Elephant Island were going from bad to worse.Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island,9.　　　　 is 1,320 kilometres away.I was in low spirits.There was no food on the island except seals or penguins we sometimes caught.However,with the genuine concern of Frank and Ernest,I was filled with hope and thought perhaps there was a chance we 10.　　　　(return) home,after all.
答案:1.an　2.was turned　3.being permitted　
4.to be　5.excited　6.harder　7.in　
8.coming　9.which　10.would return
语法专项指导
现在完成进行时
①An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton—this is the adventure that I have been dreaming of.
②We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive...
③We have been struggling for days,but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worse.
　　观察上面的句子,尝试总结以上各句表示的动作有什么特点。
一、现在完成进行时的结构
肯定形式:have/has+been doing(第三人称单数用has,其他人称用have)
The artist has been painting the picture for 3 hours,but he has not finished it yet.
这位艺术家画这幅画三个小时了,但他还没有画完。
否定形式:have/ has+not+been doing
He hasn’t been using the car for the last two months.
过去两个月他一直没用车。
完成句子
①你知道,三个月来我一直在找工作,这是我第一个正式的面试。
You know,I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 for three months,and this is my first formal interview.
②你去哪了 我已在雨中等了你两个小时。
Where have you been I 　　　　　　　　 for you in the rain for two hours.
答案:①have been looking for a job　②have been waiting
二、现在完成进行时的用法
1.表示动作从过去某时开始,一直延续到现在,将来还可能延续下去,强调动作的延续性。
2.表示不久前刚刚结束的动作。这种意义通常根据上下文来判断。
Her eyes are red.It’s obvious that she has been crying for a long time.
她的眼睛红红的,显然她哭了很长时间。
3.表示某种感彩。
We’ve been looking forward to our summer vacation.
我们一直盼着暑假的到来。(愿望)
You have been lying to me.
你一直在对我说谎。(气愤)
4.表示从过去某时开始到现在这一段时间内动作一再重复发生。
All these days he has been writing articles to our magazine.
这些天他一直在给我们杂志写文章。
使用现在完成进行时的句子,表意上需要动作行为具有延续性的特点。因此,某些不具有延续性含义的动词,如come、go、marry、die、finish、like、love、hate、want、need、prefer、know、realise、mean、understand、believe、remember、belong、complain、consist、seem等,不适用于现在完成进行时。
句子语法填空
①Since the time humankind started gardening,we 　　　　(try) to make our environment more beautiful.
②The little boy is dirty from head to foot because he 　　　　(play) in the mud all morning.
答案:①have been trying　②has been playing
三、常与现在完成时连用的时间状语
现在完成进行时常与all the time、all the morning、these days、all night、“since+时间点或从句”“for+一段时间”等表示一段时间的状语连用。
You must be tired since you have been working all the morning.
你工作了一上午,一定很累了吧。
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.
我们等你半个小时了。
完成句子
①他一直盼着加薪。
He has been hoping for a raise in salary 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
②我们近半个月以来一直在刷房子,很快就要完工了。
We 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　for nearly half a month and it will finish soon.
答案:①all the time　②have been painting the house
四、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别
1.现在完成进行时强调动作的延续性;现在完成时则强调某个刚刚完成的动作或某个过去的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果。
I have been reading the book you lent me,but I haven’t finished it yet.
我一直在看你借给我的那本书,但我还没有看完。
2.现在完成进行时可以表示动作的反复性;现在完成时一般不表示反复性。
Have you been meeting him recently
你最近经常见他吗 (强调多次见到)
Have you met him recently
你最近见过他吗 (可能只有一次)
3.现在完成进行时有时含有感彩;现在完成时一般表示平铺直叙。
亨利工作有条不紊。
Henry has been doing his work in an orderly way.(含有表扬的意味)
Henry has done his work in an orderly way.(描述事实)
部分动词(如live、work、teach、study等)用这两种时态所表达的意思差别不大。
I’ve lived/been living here for 30 years.
我在这儿住了30年。
How long have you worked/been working here
你在这里工作多久了
句子语法填空
①The students 　　　　 (prepare) for the exam for half a month.
②Steve 　　　　 (play) rugby since the age of eight.Now he 　　　　 (become) a professional player.
答案:①have been preparing
②has been playing;has become
1.(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Since June 2017,right before the arrival of the two new pandas,Meng Meng and Jiao Qing,I 　　　　(help) the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English.
2.(2023·全国甲卷)Bo.lan 　　　　(make) waves in Bangkok’s culinary scene since it opened in 2009.
3.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Since then,I 　　　　(write) many good works and now I am a famous writer.
4.(2023·全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple lyric form that　　　　(pass) down through the ages can still be employed today to draw attention to important truths.
5.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)People 　　　　 (bring) their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them.
答案及剖析:
1.have been helping　考查动词的时态。分析语境,再根据此处的时间状语since June 2017可知,动作现在可能正在进行并可能持续下去,应用现在完成进行时。故填have been helping。
2.has been making　考查动词的时态。由语境及时间状语since it opened in 2009可知,动作发生在过去,延续到现在并持续下去,应用现在完成进行时。故填has been making。
3.have written　考查动词的时态。由语境可知,此处强调现在的结果,不表示动作还在进行,应用现在完成时。故填have written。
4.has been passed　考查动词的时态和语态。由语境可知,此处强调现在的结果是抒情诗的形式已流传很长时间,要用现在完成时;且pass与主语a simple lyric form是被动关系。故填has been passed。
5.have been bringing　考查动词的时态。本句表示动作的反复性,应用现在完成进行时。故填have been bringing。
句子语法填空
1.Great changes　　　　(take place)in our school in the last few years.
2.This is the first time that we 　　　　(see)a film in the cinema together as a family.
3. You should go to bed.You 　　　　 (watch) TV for 2 hours.
4.Donna　　　　(think)about going back to school,but she hasn’t decided yet.
5.For the whole morning,the board of the directors 　　　　 (discuss) the resolution to increase wages in the coming year.
6.Sorry,but Mr Smith 　　　　(leave) for Beijing.
7.I 　　　　(look) for him everywhere.Where can he be
8.Here he is!We 　　　　(wait) anxiously for him since last night.
9.It 　　　　 (rain) for two days,and it seems that it will rain for another two days.
10.Jason’s only recreation is painting.He 　　　　 (learn) how to paint for over five years.
11.Such will be my future life,one I 　　　　(dream) of.
12.Mary 　　　　 (work) really hard on her book and thinks she’ll have finished it by Friday.
13.My nephew Sam 　　　　 (collect) comic books since he was five.Now he has more than two hundred of them.
14.I won’t tell the student the answer to the question until he 　　　　 (work) on it for more than ten minutes.
15.I 　　　　(learn) English for ten years and I speak English fluently.So I am qualified to be your interpreter.
答案:1.have taken place　2.have seen　 3.have been watching　4.has been thinking　5.has been discussing　6.has left　 7.have been looking　8.have been waiting　9.has been raining　10.has been learning　11.have been dreaming　12.has been working　13.has been collecting　14.has been working/has worked
15.have been learning
课时作业(七)　UNIT 4　Part 1
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Some temporary workers took the weekly 　　　　 (工资).
2.My mother 　　　　 (分派) me to feed the hens every day when I was young.
3.When dusk came, the sun was starting to 　　　　 (下降) and the old temple bathed in the sunset looked more beautiful.
4.The heavy snow forced many drivers to 　　　　 (舍弃) their vehicles on the road.
5.I had already taken steps to speed up to 　　　　 (解决) the problem.
6.A good idea occurred to me that we could 　　　　 (做广告) our products on the Internet.
7.He is 　　　　 (热情的)about his new job and has made up his mind to devote himself to it.
8.Everyone said he was a 　　　　 (正派的) sort of guy.
9.We usually have a 　　　　 (彻底的) cleaning every Thursday morning.
10.　　　　 (幸运地), none of the crew was dead or injured and they all returned safe and sound.
答案:1.wage　2.assigned　3.sink　4.abandon　5.resolve　6.advertise　7.enthusiastic
8.decent　9.thorough　10.Fortunately
Ⅱ.语境填词
1.I make a list of books I will read and the 　　　　 (assign) I will do.
2.The broken bike was found 　　　　 (abandon) by the river.
3.They made a 　　　　 (resolve) to lose all the weight gained last year.
4.I know it’s where I’ll find my family,my dogs,and my 　　　　 (belong).
5.After ten months’ training,he became 　　　　 (qualify) to obtain certain kinds of jobs.
6.What upset me most was that his suggestion was turned 　　　　 a second time.
7.Activities all take place under the 　　　　 (guide) of an experienced tutor.
8.The children 　　　　 (enthusiastic) learnt to ride a bicycle.
9.We are all 　　　　 (envy) of his great progress in English.
10.This explanation, of course, was 　　　　 (thorough) understood by everyone present.
11.With numerous assignments and much homework to complete, they are unable to participate in other sports and 　　　　 (recreation) events.
12.He couldn’t check his anger to see such 　　　　 (cruel) to children.
13.　　　　 (fortunately),they ran into a snowstorm along the way.
14.The target audience for this 　　　　 (advertise) was mainly teenagers.
15.These are the things that will 　　　　 (genuine) relieve boredom and make you more effective in the process.
答案:1.assignments　2.abandoned　3.resolution
4.belongings　5.qualified　6.down　7.guidance　8.enthusiastically　9.envious　10.thoroughly　11.recreational　12.cruelty
13.Unfortunately　14.advertisement
15.genuinely
Ⅲ.情境写作
1.如果你让自己失望了,那么这样的情况只会越来越糟。(go from bad to worse)

2.他的父母担心他太小而不能照顾自己。(too ... to ...)

3.如果你想对工作充满热情,请记住这三件事。(be enthusiastic about)

4.汤姆(Tom)不得不拒绝上周末的聚会邀请,因为他太忙了。(turn down)

5.你最好不要扔掉那些书,说不定你能再读一遍。(throw away)

答案:1.If you let yourself down,the situation could only go from bad to worse.
2.His parents are worried that he is too young to look after himself.
3.If you want to be enthusiastic about your work,please remember these three things.
4.Tom had to turn down the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
5.You’d better not throw away those books in case you can read them again.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The mind is a wonderful thing.It’s also an excuse-making machine that frequently tries to convince us not to take action we know is good for us.If we hadn’t learnt about these excuses, or how to overcome them, we would never have succeeded in making these positive changes.
So why does the mind mess with us and make unreasonable excuses Because the mind wants comfort, that’s the reason.It’s afraid of discomfort, pressure and change.The mind is absorbed in its comfort zone, and anytime we try to stretch that zone too far, for too long, the mind tries desperately to get back to “ground zero” at any cost.These damaging excuses, such as “I can’t do it” “It is too hard for me” “It’s too late now” and so on, are no strangers to our minds.
It seems too difficult at first, so you think you can’t stick to the positive change you’re making.This excuse can be countered (对抗) by looking at the fact that other people were no more capable than you thought you were.For example, my 60-year-old next-door neighbour finished running a marathon, so I told myself, “If she can do it, so can I!” Truth be told, the only person who tells you “I can’t” is yourself.If you hear those words echoing in the back of your mind, tune them out.
I’ve witnessed people reinventing themselves at all ages:48-year-olds starting families, 57-year-olds graduating from college for the first time, 71-year-olds starting successful businesses, and so forth.
Another common excuse is that “I’ve already failed too much.” If you break down, it’s fine, because you are only human.Just don’t stay down; take a rest, and then pick yourself up so you can go to where you’d rather be.As a famous person said, “Success is never final; failure is never fatal.It is courage to continue that counts.”
Some people feel like quitting when they have almost reached their goal, while others attain goals through their efforts until the last second.So make some necessary adjustments to get rid of the bad habit of making excuses.Keep going! No excuses! Think, work, and climb, that’s how you’ll move your life forward.
(　　)1.What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage
A.To tell readers how to make a change.
B.To help readers develop a new view of life.
C.To encourage readers to leave their comfortable zone.
D.To tell readers to stop making excuses and keep fighting.
(　　)2.What did the author realise after knowing his neighbour finished the marathon
A.The author realised completing a marathon was not too difficult.
B.The author realised people often neglect their abilities.
C.The author realised looking down upon the others is wrong.
D.The author realised people shouldn’t let negative thoughts step in their way.
(　　)3.Why does our mind make excuses
A.Because it tends to seek comforts rather than suffering.　
B.Because it needs rest and relaxation.
C.Because it is preparing for the difficult times.
D.Because that’s how it tries to find a solution.
(　　)4.What might “ground zero” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A.The lowest spot.
B.The safest place.
C.The original place.
D.The proper position.
语篇导读:本文是议论文。文章告诉我们在面临困难时,不要找借口,要继续战斗,否则永远无法成功地做出积极的改变。
答案及剖析:
1.D　推理判断题。通读文章,尤其是根据最后一段中的“So make some necessary adjustments ... No excuses!”可知,作者写这篇文章的目的是告诉读者有困难时不要找借口,而是要继续战斗,故选D。
2.D　推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句可知,作者在得知60岁的邻居完成了马拉松比赛后,感慨人们不应该让消极的想法妨碍自己,不要对自己说“我不行”。故选D。
3.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“So why does the mind ... pressure and change.”可知,大脑找借口的原因是它更倾向于寻求舒适而不是痛苦。故选A。
4.C　猜测短语题。根据画线短语前的“The mind is absorbed in ... at any cost.”可知,大脑被它的舒适区所吸引,这说明大脑不愿离开自己的舒适区。由此可知,此处是说当大脑远离自己的舒适区时,它会不惜一切代价拼命地试图回到前面提到的“舒适区”,即“原来的地方”,故选C。
B
In 1914,Ernest Shackleton and his 27 workers left England on a wooden sailing ship called the Endurance in the hope of becoming the first to cross Antarctica.But in 1915,the Endurance got trapped in the thick ice and later sank.Shackleton and all of his men lived,but the tale of their long and difficult return is one of the most famous survival stories of all time.
Although Shackleton kept accurate records of the ship’s position and the ship’s photographer even took pictures of it as it went down,the ship had never been found ever since.
On 6 March 2022,a search team announced that it had located the ship.The Endurance was found 3 kilometres below the ocean’s surface,about 6 kilometres south from its last known position.The name can be clearly read on the back of the ship.Even though the ship is made of wood and is over 100 years old,it has survived with little damage.Scientists say the small organisms that normally break down wooden objects underwater don’t live in the cold waters around Antarctica.
To locate the Endurance,the team used two underwater robots.They were especially useful,since they could travel under the ice,go where the ship could not and find anything sticking up above the sea floor.Finally,the ship was found.Once the ship was located,the robots used high-quality cameras and scanners to record the Endurance in detail.
Antarctica’s waters are protected by an international agreement,which means the ship can’t be disturbed.The team plans to create a digital 3D model of the ship site,using the careful scans they made.This will allow scientists to study the ship in detail without disturbing it.
(　　)5.What was Ernest Shackleton’s purpose in sailing on the Endurance
A.To discover a new icy land.
B.To measure unknown areas.
C.To try to make history.
D.To settle down on Antarctica.
(　　)6.What kept the ship in good condition
A.The depth of the water.
B.The special material of the ship.
C.The seafloor under the water.
D.The temperature of the water.
(　　)7.What can be learnt about the future of the Endurance
A.It will remain untouched.
B.It will be pulled out of water.
C.It will be rebuilt by scientists.
D.It will be in the charge of the search team.
(　　)8.What is the best title for the text
A.The Useful Underwater Robots
B.The Most Famous Survival Story
C.The Discovery of the Endurance
D.A Great Captain—Ernest Shackleton
语篇导读:本文是说明文。1915年,“坚忍”号被困在厚冰层中,后来沉没。2022年3月6日,一个搜索小组宣布找到了这艘船。文章介绍了人们探索这艘船的一些情况以及它的未来。
答案及剖析:
5.C　细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句可知,欧内斯特·沙克尔顿乘坐“坚忍”号的目的是试图创造历史。故选C。
6.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的最后一句可知,水域寒冷,使这艘船不会被微生物分解,因此,水温使得这艘船保持着良好的状态。故选D。
7.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知,未来“坚忍”号将保持原封不动。故选A。
8.C　标题归纳题。根据第三段内容并结合全文可知,本文主要说明了1915年,“坚忍”号被困在厚冰层中,后来沉没。2022年3月6日,一个搜索小组宣布找到了这艘船。文章介绍了人们对于这艘船的一些探索情况以及它的未来。由此可知,C项最适合作为文章的标题。
C
When I found an advertisement for a conference by chance,I couldn’t wait to tell my coworkers.It looked like a great day of presentations highly relevant to our research,and I expected they would be eager to attend with me.However,no one was interested.
A year earlier,I left India for the United Kingdom to pursue my research career.At work,I shied away from engaging in discussions or putting forward my opinions.I was afraid my coworkers would realise how weak I really felt.Some mornings just stepping out of my room and going into the lab seemed a tough task.
Socialising didn’t help,as I constantly feared committing social mistakes.I longed for new experiences,but my insecurities prevented me.I started to keep more and more to myself.That began to change after a quiet breakdown in the lab prompted (促使) me to contact the university’s mental health services.The consultant suggested I attend a nearby concert by a famous singer from my home country.I couldn’t miss it.So,there I was in the packed concert hall,surrounded by strangers—all of us clapping and singing the choruses of the familiar songs.It was a beautiful night,and it proved to be a turning point.
My growing self-confidence carried over into my work,where I started to speak up and put forward my opinions.I offered to help coworkers design and troubleshoot experiments.I began to ask questions during departmental meetings.I finally felt like an active member of the group.So,when that conference came around,I felt comfortable registering to attend on my own—and I’m so glad I did.Not only did I meet the speakers,but I also introduced myself to other attendees.The encounters inspired me to critically evaluate my own professional interests.
(　　)9.How did the author probably feel at first about his coworkers’ response
A.Eager. 　B.Worried.
C.Disappointed. 　D.Uninterested.
(　　)10.Why did the author contact the mental health services
A.Because he wanted to solve a conflict.
B.Because he struggled to conduct research.
C.Because he often made big mistakes in socialising.
D.Because he lacked confidence in a new environment.
(　　)11.What happened during the concert
A.The author got the consultant’s help.
B.The author sang along with the strange audience.
C.The author met with a previous coworker.
D.The author connected a song with his research.
(　　)12.What did the author do at last
A.He went to the conference alone.
B.He turned to experts for advice.
C.He took full charge of the lab.
D.He changed his professional interests.
语篇导读:本文是记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者曾经因为害怕犯社交错误而不敢与人来往,后来在大学的心理健康服务机构的帮助下情况开始好转,作者的自信不断增长,并延续到工作中。
答案及剖析:
9.C　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,当作者偶然发现一个会议的广告时,他迫不及待地告诉他的同事。他希望他们会渴望和他一起参加,然而,没有人感兴趣。由此可推测,对于同事们的反应,作者一开始可能会感到失望,故选C。
10.D　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,作者联系心理健康服务机构是因为他在新环境中缺乏信心。故选D。
11.B　细节理解题。根据第三段的倒数第二句可知,音乐会期间作者和陌生观众一起唱歌。故选B。
12.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“So,when that conference...on my own—and I’m so glad I did.”可知,最后作者一个人去参加了那个会议。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
Did you know that Albert Einstein didn’t speak at all for the first 3 years of his life People thought he was lazy and unintelligent.But he never gave up and he pushed through adversity to become one of the most brilliant minds of all time.You don’t have to be a physics genius to overcome adversity in your own life,but it’s easy to feel overwhelmed sometimes.1.　　
A positive mind can make overcoming adversity easier.2.　　　 While it’s true that you need to be realistic and see things clearly,if you view everything with a negative mind,you’ll only see the bad things.Push out pessimistic thoughts and attitudes so you can focus on finding ways to keep pushing through adversity.
3.　　　 It can help you give yourself feedback about your life,help you better understand your current situation,and help you think outside the box and find solutions to problems you’re dealing with.Try to spend a few minutes each day writing down whatever emotions,feelings,or thoughts come to mind.Write about things that were difficult or that you’re struggling with,so you can think about potential solutions.
Preparing yourself for adversity can make it easier to deal with.Adversity is pretty much necessary in life,especially if you’re working towards a big goal.The key is to keep pushing in the face of it.4.　　　 Expect to have to deal with setbacks and difficulties and keep faith that you can overcome any adversity that comes your way.
You can learn a lot from others about how to deal with adversity.Look to historical figures who survived and dealt with extraordinary adversity such as Helen Keller or Franklin Roosevelt.You can also look around you at people in your life who have dealt with adversity,such as friends,family members,or colleagues.5.　　
A.Use adversity to learn and improve yourself.
B.Writing down your thoughts can help you stay focused.
C.Try to remain optimistic whenever you’re faced with a difficult situation.
D.There are some ideas you can use to find a better way to deal with adversity.
E.Emotions aren’t necessarily a bad thing,but they can make you unreasonable.
F.It’s safe to assume that you’re going to face some struggles,so mentally prepare for it.
G.Use their success stories as inspiration to help you keep pushing back against adversity.
语篇导读:本文是应用文。文章介绍了几种应对逆境的方法。
答案及剖析:
1.D　本文是总分结构,设空处位于第一段段尾,有承上启下的作用。根据上文“You don’t have to...feel overwhelmed sometimes.”及下文内容可知,文章接下来要叙述如何应对逆境,所以D项符合题意。故选D。
2.C　根据本段首句可知,本段主要讲述用积极的心态应对困境,所以C项符合上下文逻辑关系。故选C。
3.B　设空处位于段首,根据下文“Try to spend a few minutes...come to mind.”可知,本段讲述的是用记录的方法应对逆境,所以B项符合题意。故选B。
4.F　根据本段首句可知,本段讲述的是自身要做好应对逆境的准备;且设空处前一句也表明要面对逆境,所以F项符合题意。故选F。
5.G　设空处位于段尾,需要根据本段文意选择合适的选项。根据本段首句及下文内容可知,本段讲述的是用他人成功战胜逆境的故事激励自己,所以G项符合题意,G选项中的their指代的就是上面所提到的人。故选G。
Ⅲ.语法填空
It’s a little tough to teach kids perseverance and mental strength in the modern world.That is because technology allows for instant satisfaction and our digital devices offer an easy escape when things get tough.Kids have less 1.　　　　 (patient) than ever when things aren’t going their way.The good news is that perseverance is a skill that can 2.　　　　 (learn), even in the age of electronics.
Although there are many mental strength exercises 3.　　　　 will teach your kids to stay the course, the Hero Effect is a fun and simple way to show kids they’re 4.　　　　 (strong) than they think.Telling your child 5.　　　　 (pretend) to be a great hero in his eyes or another hardworking character could increase his ability to persevere, according 6.　　　　 a study.Identify one of your child’s favourite 7.　　　　 (character) — make sure it’s someone who is hardworking.Then, you can say, “Pretend to be your favourite character and do your work 8.　　　　 same way your favourite character would do it.” Check up on him regularly by 9.　　　　 (ask), “How’s it going, hero ” You’ll probably find he’s able to perform better than usual.
Each time your child 10.　　　　 (successful) perseveres, he’ll build the mental strength he needs to do hard things.And the more confident he becomes, the more challenges he’ll tackle.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章介绍了如何培养孩子的毅力和意志力。
答案及剖析:
1.patience　考查名词。设空处由less修饰,且作动词have的宾语,应填不可数名词。故填patience。
2.be learnt　考查动词的时态和语态。分析可知,设空处为从句的谓语动词,learn与逻辑主语skill之间为动宾关系,应用被动语态,情态动词后应用“be+动词的过去分词”。故填be learnt。
3.that/which　考查定语从句。分析可知,mental strength exercises为先行词,在从句中作主语,为物,设空处可用关系代词that或which引导从句。故填that/which。
4.stronger　考查形容词的比较级。根据句意及后面的than可知,设空处应用形容词比较级。故填stronger。
5.to pretend　考查非谓语动词。分析可知,tell sb to do sth为固定搭配,意为“告诉某人做某事”。故填to pretend。
6.to　考查介词。此处考查介词短语according to,意为“根据;依据”,作状语。故填to。
7.characters　考查名词复数。根据“one of+名词复数”可知,设空处应填名词复数,故填characters。
8.the　考查冠词。分析可知,same应与定冠词the搭配,the same意为“相同的;同样的”。故填the。
9.asking　考查非谓语动词。分析可知,介词by后接动名词,作介词by的宾语。故用asking。
10.successfully　考查副词。设空处在谓语动词persevere前,应用副词,修饰动词。故填successfully。Part 2　Using Language,Assessing Your Progress,Video Time
阅读单词
1.navigator　　　n.领航员;(飞机、船舶等上的)航行者
2.episode n.(人生的)一段经历;(小说的)片段;插曲
3.Confucianism n.孔子学说;儒家(学说)
核心单词
1.motor n.发动机;马达
adj.有引擎的;机动车的
2.candidate n.候选人;应试者
运用词汇
1.rough adj.汹涌的;粗糙的;粗略的→roughly adv.粗糙地;概略地→roughness n.粗糙(度);粗暴;猛烈
2.loyal adj.忠诚的;忠实的→loyally adv.忠诚地;诚实地→loyalty n.忠诚;忠心;忠实
3.commitment n.承诺;保证;奉献→commit vt.& vi. 犯(错误或罪行);承诺;保证;忠于→committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的
4.motive n.动机;原因;目的→motivation n.动机;积极性→motivated adj.有动机的;有积极性的
重点词块
1.ahead of在……之前
2.what if如果……会怎样
3.cheer up(使)振作起来;(使)高兴起来
4.make fire生火
5.give off 放出(热、光、气味或气体)
6.be bored with对……厌倦
7.persevere in doing sth坚持做某事
8.pay back偿还;报答;还(钱)
重点句型
1.如果他们被耽搁了,那怎么办
What if they were delayed
2.没有什么比得上一顿好饭和一点儿音乐更能让我们振作起来了。
There was nothing like a good dinner and some music to cheer us up.
3.要不是有海洋动物,我们都得挨饿。
If it weren’t for sea animals,we would all starve.
4.衣服穿得太多造成过热与衣服穿得太少造成过冷几乎是一样危险的。
It was almost as dangerous to become too hot from wearing too many clothes as to become too cold from wearing too few.
5.最终获救时,我们如释重负、欣喜不已,我们中的许多人都难掩泪水。
When we were finally rescued,we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears.
1.主题语境:人与自我——做人与做事。
2.语篇类型:回忆录。
3.课文内容分析:
文章以“坚忍”号大厨的口吻生动地描绘了象岛上船员们的生活——这里饮用水短缺、生火困难、食物单一、天寒地冻以及由于燃烧动物脂肪产生黑烟,很多船员的眼睛和肺都被熏坏了。然而,就是在这样恶劣的自然环境下,22名船员的生活井然有序,他们尽力保持着积极的生活态度,凭借着对沙克尔顿的信任和牢固的团队精神,坚守了四个月,终于迎来救援的那一天。阅读本文,有利于培养学生面对困难永不放弃的精神及学生的团队精神。
答案:1.desperate　2.fire　3.sea　4.careful　5.tears
　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　
(　　)1.What did we know about the men when Shackleton and his boat left the island
A.They were confident and positive. B.They were worried and desperate.
C.They were sure of their future. D.They were not worried about him.
(　　)2.Which of the following can best describe Shackleton
A.He was a selfish man.
B.He was a mean man.
C.He was a generous man.
D.He was a man of his word.
(　　)3.What is the sailors’ attitude to Shackleton
A.Indifferent. B.Sympathetic. C.Grateful. D.Negative.
答案:1.B　2.D　3.C
1.But how could we make fire
可是我们怎么生火呢
◆make fire 生火
It was so cold in the room that he had to make fire to keep himself warm.
房间里太冷了,他不得不生火取暖。
The next minute,the porridge boiled over and put out the fire.
过了一分钟,粥煮沸了,把火熄灭了。
归纳拓展 be on fire着火(强调状态) catch fire着火(强调动作) set sth on fire =set fire to sth 放火;放火烧某物 put out the fire灭火 play with fire玩火;冒险
(1)句子语法填空
①After a careful investigation,the police drew the conclusion that it was he himself that set his house 　　　　 fire.
②Rescuers were trying to reach them,but one of the cars 　　　　 (catch) fire.
(2)翻译句子
③如果你想在野外露营,你应该学习如何生火。
④森林大火连续烧了3天才被扑灭。
答案:(1)①on　②caught　(2)③If you want to go camping in the wild,you should learn how to make fire.　④The forest had been on fire for three days before it was put out.
2.This gave off oily,black smoke,but it stayed burning even in strong winds.
这种燃料会产生油腻的黑烟,但它在强风中仍能保持燃烧。
★give off放出(热、光、气味或气体)
If plastic and rubber are burnt,they’ll give off poisonous gases.
塑料和橡胶如果被焚烧,就会放出有毒气体。
He gave away all his money to charities.
他把所有的钱都捐给了慈善机构。
The government gave out food and clothes to people who suffered a lot in the natural disaster.
政府向在自然灾害中遭受严重损失的人们分发了食物和衣服。
归纳拓展 give out 发出;放出(热、光等);分发;用完;耗尽 give in (to...) 屈服;投降;让步;勉强同意;交上 give back 归还;送回 give up 放弃;停止;认输 give away 泄露(秘密);捐赠;赠送;颁发(奖品等)
(1)句子语法填空
①These fuels give 　　　　 heat when they burn.
②What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has given 　　　　
③You may come across many difficulties,but as long as you don’t give 　　　　,you can make progress.
(2)完成句子
④随着大学毕业的临近,学生会将举办一场活动,毕业生们将把他们用过的书送给他们的学弟学妹。
With graduation from university drawing near,the Student Association is to hold an activity where graduates will 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
答案:(1)①off/out　②out　③in
(2)④give away their used books to their juniors
3.And he paid us back by his commitment to save us from a slow but painful death.
而他则用他的承诺回报了我们——把我们从缓慢而痛苦的死亡线上拯救回来。
★commitment n.承诺;保证;奉献
commit vt.犯(错误或罪行);承诺;保证
vi.忠于;全身心投入(工作、活动等)
committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的
The company made a commitment to quality.
该公司对质量做出承诺。
They are looking for someone with a real spirit of commitment to the job.
他们正在找一个对这一工作有奉献精神的人。
You don’t have to commit to anything over the phone.
你不用在电话里承诺什么。
归纳拓展 ·make a commitment to sb/sth 对某人/物做出承诺 make a commitment to do sth 保证/承诺做某事 ·commit ... to ... 在……投入…… commit sb/oneself to (doing) sth 承诺/保证某人/某人自己(做)某事 be committed to (doing) sth 承诺/全身心地投入(做)某事
(1)句子语法填空
①The young man committed 　　　　 (him) to the study of plants.
②He failed the mid-term exam,so he made a commitment 　　　　(study) hard later.
③I was impressed by the energy and 　　　　(commit) shown by the players.
(2)完成句子
④只有你致力于在线学习,你才能成为聪明的在线学习者。
Only if 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 can you become a smart online learner.
答案:(1)①himself　②to study　③commitment
(2)④you are committed to online learning
If it weren’t for sea animals,we would all starve.
要不是有海洋生物,我们都得挨饿。
★本句是虚拟语气,从句谓语动词用了were,主句谓语动词用了“would+动词原形”。
If I lived near my office,I would walk to work.
如果我住在办公室附近,我就会步行去上班。(与现在事实相反)
If I had not explored the wild forest with the experienced adventurer,I wouldn’t have known so many plants that I hadn’t heard of before.
如果我没有和这位有经验的冒险家一起去野外探险,我就不会知道这么多我以前没有听说过的植物。(与过去事实相反)
If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the sports meeting.
如果明天下雨的话,我们就得推迟运动会。(与将来事实可能相反)
在if 引导的虚拟条件句中,如果谓语动词中含有were、should、had时,可以省略if,把它们提到主语前面,条件从句变为部分倒装句。
(1)完成句子
①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(如果没有志愿者的努力),our lake would not be so clean.
②If you had arrived a little earlier,you 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (就见到她了).
③If we 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (误了这趟火车),we should have to wait for an hour at the station.
(2)句型转换
④If he should give up the opportunity to improve himself,he would regret sooner or later.
→　,
he would regret sooner or later.
⑤If I had known your telephone number yesterday, I would have telephoned you.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, I would have telephoned you.
答案:(1)①If there were not the volunteers’ efforts　②would have seen her　③missed/should miss/were to miss the train
(2)④Should he give up the opportunity to improve himself　⑤Had I known your telephone number yesterday
　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　
人物心理描写(积极、自信)
一、课文词汇
1.cheer up (使)振作起来;(使)高兴起来
2.keep optimistic保持乐观
3.in a positive and successful way以一种积极、成功的方式
4.relief and joy宽慰和快乐
5.optimism and faith乐观和信任
二、补充词汇
6.be wild with joy欣喜若狂
7.in cheerful spirits心情愉快
8.a satisfied look满意的表情
9.be delighted at对……感到很高兴
10.jump for joy高兴得跳起来
11.tears of happiness flowing down流下幸福的泪水
12.brighten one’s heart 使某人心情愉快
13.be in high spirits 情绪高涨
14.can hardly conceal one’s excitement几乎无法掩饰兴奋
15.a mixture of excitement and delight既兴奋又开心
一、课本原句
1.There was nothing like a good dinner and some music to cheer us up.
没有什么比得上一顿好饭和一点儿音乐更能让我们振作起来了。
2.Our discipline and team spirit kept us optimistic and helped us deal with our fears in a positive and successful way.
纪律和团队精神使我们保持乐观,并帮助我们以一种积极、成功的方式应对恐惧。
3.When we were finally rescued,we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears.
最终获救时,我们如释重负、欣喜不已,我们中的许多人都难掩泪水。
4.Our optimism and faith in Shackleton had helped us persevere in staying alive.
我们的乐观和对沙克尔顿的信任让我们顽强地活了下来。
二、其他表达
5.Only being strong and optimistic,can one go through difficulties.
一个人只有坚强和乐观,才能渡过难关。
6.Everyone rejoiced at the news of his safe return.
听到他平安归来的消息,大家都很高兴。
7.Smiles are dancing in his eyes./ Her eyes danced with joy and happiness.
微笑在他的眼中舞动。/ 她的眼睛里跳动着喜悦和幸福。
8.Hearing this,everybody was wild with joy.
听了这话,大家都欣喜若狂。
9.I laughed out loud/laughed heartily when I saw that funny video.
当我看到那个有趣的视频时,我笑得很大声/开心。
10.Bathed in sunshine,we all cheered and jumped for joy.
沐浴在阳光下,我们都欢呼雀跃。
11.His eyes twinkle with pleasure every time he remembers last winter.
每当他想起去年冬天,就喜上眉梢。
12.When the mother kissed the baby on the cheek,his bright smile lit up the room.
当母亲亲吻婴儿的脸颊时,他灿烂的笑容照亮了整个房间。
1.他一看见娜塔莎,脸上就露出喜色。他甚至感到微笑在自己的眼睛里舞动。但是,娜塔莎径直从他身边走过,来到了操场,向足球教练献上了一束鲜花。
教练正在开怀大笑,因为他的球队刚刚赢得了联赛冠军。
2.为了庆祝国庆节,我们班组织了一次郊游。当消息公布时,全班同学都欣喜若狂。我们在郊游中度过了一段美好的时光。中午野餐的时候,我们的班主任告诉了我们一些好消息,这给我们带来了兴奋和喜悦。
答案:1.As soon as he saw Natasha,his face beamed with delight.He even felt smiles were dancing in his eyes.However,Natasha just walked straight past him to the playground and presented a bunch of flowers to the football coach,who was laughing heartily because his team just won the league champion.
2.To celebrate National Day,our class organised an outing.When it was announced,all the class were wild with joy.We spent a wonderful time in the outing.While we had picnic at noon,our head teacher told us some good news,which brought us a mixture of excitement and delight.
写作专项指导
Write an essay about Shackleton and his men on Endurance
文体类型:随笔,是散文的一个分支,议论文的一种变体,兼有叙事、抒情及评论的功能,篇幅短小。
1.首段常用句式。
This is a novel by the English author...
I have read the book entitled...
My favourite book is...
2.中段常用句式。
The author described that...
The story ends with...
The story is based on...
Once upon a time,there was a...
Unfortunately,they were stuck in the...
They were very brave in face of...
They never gave up and...
Later,they managed to do...
3.尾段常用句式。
Those who have read the book think highly of it.
After it was published,it became famous all over the world.
I suggest you going to see it.I believe you will like it.
I learn from this story that...
My point of view towards...is...
假设你是李华,请你结合本单元提供的两篇航海备忘录用英语写一篇随笔,介绍沙克尔顿和他的船员们去南极探险的故事。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1.　　　　 adj.严寒的;激烈而不愉快的;味苦的
2.　　　　 n.探险;远征;探险队
3.　　　　 n.忍耐力;耐久力
4.　　　　 adj.热情的;热心的
5.　　　　 vi.沉没;下沉;下降
vt.使下沉;使沉没
6.　　　　 vt.舍弃;抛弃;放弃
7.　　　　 n.炉具;厨房灶具
8.　　　　 n.毯子
9.　　　　 n.[pl.] 财物;动产
10.　　　　 adj.痛苦的;令人难受的
11.　　　　 n.毅力;韧性;不屈不挠的精神
12.　　　　 n.(轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员;专业团队;一群人
13.　　　　 adv.不幸地;遗憾地
14.　　　　 adj.忠诚的;忠实的
答案:1.bitter　2.expedition　3.endurance
4.enthusiastic　5.sink　6.abandon　7.stove
8.blanket　9.belongings　10.miserable
11.perseverance　12.crew　13.unfortunately
14.loyal
Ⅱ.巧用本单元句式、语法
1.故事发生在1914年,沙克尔顿和他热情的船员们开始了南极探险。
The story happened in 1914 when Shackleton and 　　　　　　　　　　 began 　　　　　　　 to Antarctica.
2.当他们接近南极洲时,不幸的是,他们的船“坚忍”号在冰面上沉没,他们不得不弃船逃到了大象岛上。
As they approached Antarctica,　　　　,their ship,with the name Endurance,　　　　　　　　　　　 and they had to 　
and escaped to Elephant Island.
3.他们扔掉了大部分物品,只带走了基本用品,如炊具和毯子。
They threw away 　　　　　　　　 and only took essential supplies,such as 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
4.由于没有任何获救的机会,沙克尔顿带着五名忠诚的船员冒险走了1 300多千米去寻求帮助。旅途非常残酷。
As there wasn’t any chance of being rescued,Shackleton ventured more than 1,300 kilometres with five of his loyal men to search for help.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
5.尽管他们陷入了恐慌,也有许多困难,全体人员设法活了下来。
Although 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,the crew managed to survive.
6.我被他们的耐力和毅力所感动,这个故事激励我要更加勇敢地面对困难。
I’m moved by 　　　　　　　　　　　　 and this story has inspired me to face difficulties more bravely.
答案:1.his enthusiastic crew;an expedition
2.unfortunately;sank on the ice;abandon it
3.most belongings;the cook stove and blankets　4.It was very cruel　5.they got into a panic and there were many difficulties　6.their endurance and perseverance
1.将第2句改为过去分词作定语。
2.将第3句改为现在分词作状语。
3.将第4句改为定语从句。
4.将第6句改为过去分词作状语。
答案:1.As they approached Antarctica,unfortunately,their ship,named Endurance,sank on the ice and they had to abandon it and escaped to Elephant Island.
2.They threw away most belongings,only taking essential supplies,such as the cook stove and blankets.
3.As there wasn’t any chance of being rescued,Shackleton ventured more than 1,300 kilometres with five of his loyal men to search for help,which was very cruel.
4.Moved by their endurance and perseverance,I was inspired to face difficulties more bravely.
The story happened in 1914 when Shackleton and his enthusiastic crew began an expedition to Antarctica.After more than 700 bitter days of adventure,he and his men returned safely.
As they approached Antarctica,unfortunately,their ship,named Endurance,sank on the ice and they had to abandon it and escaped to Elephant Island.They threw away most belongings,only taking essential supplies,such as the cook stove and blankets.As there wasn’t any chance of being rescued,Shackleton ventured more than 1,300 kilometres with five of his loyal men to search for help,which was very cruel.This is Shackleton,a responsible leader with great perseverance.
Moved by their endurance and perseverance,I was inspired to face difficulties more bravely.Whatever difficulties we meet,never should we give up.
你校正在举办“英语读书周”活动,要求学生们介绍一本自己喜欢的书并评论。假设你喜欢的书是《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》(The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn),请你根据下列提示用英语写一篇书评。要点如下:
1.《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》的作者是美国现实主义作家马克·吐温(Mark Twain),他成长于密西西比河(the Mississippi River)河畔;
2.这部小说讲述了哈克贝利·费恩从家中逃走,和吉姆(Jim)在密西西比河流浪的故事;
3.哈克贝利·费恩遇见的人物来自社会各个阶层,因此这部小说生动地反映了当时的社会情况;
4.《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》是美国文学史上一部伟大的作品。
　　参考词语:realist writer现实主义作家。
　　注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
　　One possible version:
My favourite book is The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.It is a novel written by Mark Twain,an American realist writer,who grew up on the Mississippi River.
The book tells the story of Huckleberry Finn and Jim wandering along the Mississippi River.Finn runs away from home and later he meets Jim.Then they experience drifting on a raft,escaping from pursuers,etc.If they didn’t meet each other,there wouldn’t be such extraordinary things later on.With the people Finn meets from all walks of life,the novel vividly reflects the society at that time.
Generally speaking,The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a great novel in the history of American literature.
　　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　
Ⅰ.重点讲义回顾
1.turn down 拒绝(提议、建议或提议人);把……调低;关小
①接通(电流、煤气、水等);打开 turn on
②结果是,证明是;生产;出席(某项活动);在场 turn out
③向……求助;转向;翻到 turn to
④要求每个参与者8点前到场。(应用文)
Every participant is required to turn up before 8 o’clock.
2.qualified adj.符合资格;具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)
vt.&vi.(使)具备资格;(使)合格 qualify
n.资格;资历 qualification
①有资格获得某物;能胜任某事 be qualified for sth
②有资格做某事be qualified to do sth
③使某人有资格成为…… qualify sb as...
④欢迎所有符合条件和感兴趣的同学参加。(应用文)
All the students qualified and interested are welcome to participate.
3.enthusiastic adj.热情的;热心的
adv.热情地;热心地 enthusiastically
n.热情;热心 enthusiasm
①热情地 with enthusiasm=enthusiastically
②充满对……的热情 be full of enthusiasm for...
③西蒙(Simon)对科学充满热情,一直梦想成为一名科学家。(应用文)
Simon is enthusiastic about science and dreams of becoming a scientist all the time.
4.assign vt.分派;布置;分配
n.分配;任务;作业 assignment
①给某人布置/分派某事assign sb sth=assign sth to sb
②布置/分派某人做某事 assign sb to do sth
③被指派/被分配给…… be assigned to sb/sth
5.envy n.& vt.羡慕;妒忌
①羡慕/妒忌某人做某事envy sb doing sth
②羡慕地;嫉妒地 with envy
③羡慕/妒忌…… be envious of...
④出于妒忌,他打破了妹妹的玻璃玩具,很快就后悔了,但是却没敢承认错误。(读后续写)
He broke his sister’s glass toy out of envy and regretted having done it shortly.However,he didn’t dare to admit his mistake.
6.abandon vt.舍弃;抛弃;放弃 n.放纵
adj.被抛弃的;废弃的;放纵的 abandoned
①沉湎于某事;陷入(某种情感) abandon oneself to...
②恣意地;放纵地 with abandon
③由于天气不好,我们的运动会取消了。(应用文)
The sports meeting had to be abandoned due to bad weather.
7.give off放出(热、光、气味或气体)
①泄露(秘密);捐赠;赠送;颁发(奖品等)give away
②发出;放出(热、光等);分发;用完;耗尽 give out
③放弃;停止;认输 give up
④归还;送回 give back
⑤小鸟儿在枝头唱歌,许多花朵都散发着芳香。(读后续写)
The birds are singing in the branches and many flowers give off a nice smell.
8.commitment n.承诺;保证;奉献
vt.犯(错误或罪行);承诺;保证
vi.忠于;全身心投入(工作、活动等) commit
adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的 committed
①对某人/物做出承诺make a commitment to sb/sth
②在……投入…… commit...to...
③承诺/全身心地投入(做)某事 be committed to(doing) sth
Ⅱ.重点句型回顾
1.我们来到此处不久之后,沙克尔顿就离开我们,前往1 320千米之外的南乔治亚岛寻求帮助——这一航行对于我们所有人而言太危险、太艰难了,仅靠这艘小船,肯定无法让每个人都脱险。
Soon after we arrived,Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island,1,320 kilometres away—the voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats.
句式仿写
站在舞台上,刚开始他太紧张了,一句话也说不出来。
Standing on the platform,he was too nervous to say a word at first.
2.如果他们被耽搁了,那怎么办
What if they were delayed
句式仿写
要是老师发现你没完成家庭作业会怎么样呢
What if the teacher finds out that you haven’t finished your homework
3.要不是有海洋生物,我们都得挨饿。
If it weren’t for sea animals,we would all starve.
句式仿写
如果牛顿生活在现在,科技领域的发现会令他吃惊。
If Newton lived today,he would be surprised by what has been discovered in science and technology.
Ⅲ.重点语法回顾
1.现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某时开始,一直延续到现在,将来还可能延续下去,强调动作的延续性。
2.现在完成进行时表示不久前刚刚结束的动作。这种意义通常根据上下文来判断。
3.现在完成进行时表示从过去某时开始到现在这一段时间内动作一再重复发生。
4.现在完成进行时常与all the time、all the morning、these days、all night、“since+时间点或从句”“for+一段时间”等表示一段时间的状语连用。
5.现在完成进行时有时含有感彩;现在完成时一般表示平铺直叙。
课时作业(八)　UNIT 4　Part 2
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Parts of the 　　　　 (发动机) wore out because of constant usage.
2.He seems a most unlikely 　　　　 (应试者) for the job.
3.It makes you want to watch the next 　　　　 (片段;插曲) to find out what’s going to happen.
4.The hospital has a 　　　　 (承诺) to provide the best possible medical care.
5.I put it to you that you are the only person who had a 　　　　(动机) for the crime.
6.　　　　 (儒家学说)is the largest Chinese school of thoughts, and the mainstream consciousness of the ancient China.
答案:1.motor　2.candidate　3.episode
4.commitment　5.motive　6.Confucianism
Ⅱ.语境填词
1.For over thirty years,she has served the company 　　　　 (loyal) and well.
2.It was difficult to decide between the two 　　　　 (candidate).
3.A career as a doctor requires one hundred percent 　　　　 (commit).
4.Without 　　　　 (motivate),you can neither set a goal nor reach it.
5.The new bridge has been finished two years ahead 　　　　 schedule.
6.This kind of food gave 　　　　 an unbearable odour (气味).
7.　　　　 it were necessary,I might leave the office for a few minutes.
8.This would encourage us all to see life 　　　　 a more positive way.
9.The doctor said that she should not eat anything too 　　　　 (oil).
10.One of the funniest 　　　　 (episode) in the book occurs in Chapter 6.
答案:1.loyally　2.candidates　3.commitment　
4.motivation　5.of　6.off　7.If　8.in　9.oily
10.episodes
Ⅲ.情境写作
1.当我转过身来时,我看到了一个正在生火的老人。(make fire)

2.我必须找出角落里到底是什么东西发出这么讨厌的气味。(give off)

3.要是她忘记带伞,该怎么办 (What if)

4.他们承诺要让学生开阔视野,开心学习。(make a commitment to do sth)

5.要是我早一点儿去接他,他就不用走那么远的路了。(if引导虚拟条件句)

答案:1.When I turned around,I saw an old man who was making fire.
2.I must find out what is giving off so terrible a smell in the corner.
3.What if she forgets to bring the umbrella
4.They make a commitment to have students broaden their horizons and study happily.
5.If I had picked him up earlier,he wouldn’t have had to walk so far.
Ⅳ.句子语法填空
1.She 　　　　 (coach) beginners to practise since she joined the dance club last year.
2.The telephone 　　　　 (ring) in the office all the morning.
3.To realise his dream, he 　　　　 (work) hard for several years.
4.In the past few years,he 　　　　 (deal) with a few international companies.
5.We 　　　　 (advertise) in all the local papers for a nurse-companion,but with no result to date.
答案:1.has been coaching　2.has been ringing
3.has worked/has been working　4.has been dealing　5.have been advertising
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
I believe that having a voice in something you put effort into will build you into a stronger person.All the time, I have grown as the one only willing to help others.
When I was in high school, I grew tired of the same routine daily, and wanted to be given a challenge.At the beginning of my fresh year, I was selected to be a drum major for the school band.A drum major is the leader of the marching band during rehearsals (排练) and in performances.But I did not know how to take on the actual job for the first time.So I watched many videos on how to act better, though I couldn’t do it very well.
One day, the band was rehearsing again, but no one had memorised their music.Frustrated that the music was just so-so, I lost my temper and then opened my mouth, saying how unacceptable it was because we had been ranked in first place as the best marching band.The moment I had finished my speech on how we should focus better, all jaws were dropped.Even I was surprised: It was the first time that I had opened my mouth about something I cared about.To my surprise, I developed even stronger relationships with people who wanted to follow my footsteps.
In my last two years of high school, I became known as one full of confidence in any situation.I was the first one to volunteer and the happy one to lend a hand.I learnt to have a voice by being chosen to lead the marching band and became stronger through losing and making new connections.And I somehow influenced some of my friends to become a better person.
(　　)1.What can we know about the author while being in high school
A.The author had a desire for a different life.
B.The author got tired of helping other people.
C.The author found it easy to be a drum major.
D.The author felt it frustrating to lose his temper.
(　　)2.What’s the general response to the author’s fierce words about the music
A.Shock. B.Admiration.
C.Envy. D.Confidence.
(　　)3.Which of the following can best describe the author
A.Modest and cautious.
B.Considerate and decent.
C.Outgoing and optimistic.
D.Hardworking and confident.
(　　)4.What is the best title for the text
A.Learn to Help Others
B.Learn to Have a Voice
C.Build up Relationships
D.Respond to Challenges
语篇导读:本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在高中时期想要挑战自我,参加了学校乐队,并在排练中大胆表达自己的想法的事情。
答案及剖析:
1.A　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可推测,作者刚上高中时,渴望挑战和之前不一样的生活。故选A。
2.A　细节理解题。根据第三段的“Frustrated that the music...about something I cared about.”可知,大家对作者关于音乐的言辞感到惊讶。故选A。
3.D　推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可知,作者在练习音乐时是勤奋的;根据最后一段的“In my last two years ... and making new connections.”可知,作者变得十分自信。故选D。
4.B　标题归纳题。根据第一段第一句和最后一段中的“I learnt to have a voice ... and making new connections.”可知,作者认为,在自己重视而且为之努力的事情上,要敢于表达,这会使我们更强大。由此可知,B项概括全文,最适合作文章标题。故选B。
B
Do you compare yourself with other people Perhaps your best friend receives something you really want, or you’re not allowed to go to a concert but your brother or sister is.Even though comparisons are common and can sometimes be helpful, focusing on your own progress is important for your happiness.
“We often compare ourselves to others who are doing better or not as well as ourselves,” says Dr Jack. “But I suggest comparing yourself with your past self and your future self.This can make you feel proud of what you’ve achieved and excited about what you might do.Focusing on your own purposes is more worthwhile than always trying to come out on top.”
Comparing yourself with those around you is natural and we often do it without realising it.It can help us to be clear about our achievements and to form friendships with new people who have similar interests.However, it’s important to remember that nobody is perfect in real life.It’s also important to take note of how the comparison is making you feel.“If you begin to feel quite low, focus on your own strengths,”says Jack.In other words, you can ask yourself questions like “What can I do well in ”, which can help you trust yourself.
Maybe here you are wondering “What if all my friends are better than me ” Dr White says that jealousy (忌妒心) is not bad but focusing on bettering your own work can help you feel just as successful.He also mentions that learning to celebrate your friends’ success can not only help to cheer your friends up but also help you feel good.It will encourage you to build each other up.
(　　)5.What does the writer tell us in Paragraph 1
A.We should compare with others.
B.We should share things with brothers.
C.We should enjoy concerts with sisters.
D.We should focus on our own progress.
(　　)6.Why should you compare yourself with your past self
A.To care about others.
B.To change your purposes.
C.To increase your excitement.
D.To be proud of your achievements.
(　　)7.What does Dr White suggest
A.Trusting your friends.
B.Cheering for tiny success.
C.Celebrating others’ success.
D.Forming a deep friendship.
(　　)8.What would be the best title for the passage
A.Plan Your Own Future
B.Enjoy Your Own Happiness
C.Run Your Own Race
D.Follow Your Own Dream
语篇导读:本文是议论文。作者认为我们应该关注自己的进步,阐述了拿自己与过去和未来的自己做比较的好处以及如何对待别人的成功。
答案及剖析:
5.D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,作者认为我们应该关注自己的进步。故选D。
6.D　细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知,把自己与过去的自己比较,可以让自己对所取得的成就感到自豪。故选D。
7.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知,White博士建议要学会庆祝别人的成功,这不仅会让朋友高兴,也会让自己感觉不错。故选C。
8.C　标题归纳题。根据第一段最后一句可知,作者认为我们应该关注自己的进步;再结合第二段第二句以及下文阐述的拿自己与过去和未来的自己做比较的好处可知,作者主要阐述不要和别人比较,要专注于自己的进步和目标,所以C项可以概括全文,适合作文章标题。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Howard walked across the vast desert planning to walk through it for one month. Twenty 　1　 passed,the journey had been so 　2　 and it seemed that he had enough food and water to finish it.
“I’ll be able to walk out of this 　3　, ” he thought gladly.But the desert never cared for travellers.Before this idea could disappear, the sandstorm had arrived suddenly.He hurriedly 　4　 his head with the clothes, lying on the sand.After about ten minutes, the sandstorm stopped.When he shook the clothes and stood up, he found a horrible thing: The back bag 　5　 with food and water was swept away by the 　6　.
Now, he only had a(n) 　7　 left.He held it in his hands tightly.“Oh, not too bad,at least I have a pear,” he thought to himself, determined to walk out of the desert.
One day and one night passed quickly , but the desert still seemed to have no end, and hunger, thirst and 　8　 of death followed Howard closely. 　9　, each time he wanted to 　10　, he forced himself to stare at the pear that he had been 　11　, “Not too bad, at least I have a pear.”
The small pear became the 　12　for his survival and the source of his courage.Three days later, when he saw a village not far away, he fell onto the ground, but after all, he walked out of the desert and 　13　 as well.
To keep hope is one of the best ways to achieve 　14　, so never tell yourself “　15　 left”,because as long as you try to search, you can always find that “pear” to pull you through.
(　　)1.A.years B.months
C.weeks D.days
(　　)2.A.smooth B.hopeless
C.impossible D.terrible
(　　)3.A.forest B.desert
C.garden D.village
(　　)4.A.sewed B.covered
C.matched D.cleaned
(　　)5.A.tied B.put
C.pulled D.equipped
(　　)6.A.rain B.fog
C.sandstorm D.snowstorm
(　　)7.A.apple B.pear
C.orange D.banana
(　　)8.A.shock B.joy
C.fear D.excitement
(　　)9.A.Altogether B.Besides
C.Therefore D.However
(　　)10.A.stand up B.look up
C.give up D.put up
(　　)11.A.eating B.cooking
C.watching D.keeping
(　　)12.A.sadness B.injury
C.hope D.interest
(　　)13.A.died B.survived
C.breathed D.coughed
(　　)14.A.success B.failure
C.agreement D.experience
(　　)15.A.everything B.anything
C.something D.nothing
语篇导读:本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了Howard在沙漠中遭遇沙尘暴之后失去了他的食物和水,他将唯一剩下的一个梨视作希望,最后成功走出沙漠存活下来的故事。
[文章脉络]
答案及剖析:
1.D　根据前文planning to walk through it for one month可知,计划一个月完成旅行,此处已经过了20天(days)。故选D。
2.A　根据“...he had enough food and water to finish it.”可知,20天内,旅行很顺利(smooth)。故选A。
3.B　根据文章第一句中的the vast desert可知,Howard认为自己可以走出这片沙漠(desert)。故选B。
4.B　根据语境可知,此处是说沙尘暴来了,Howard用衣服覆盖(covered)住头。故选B。
5.D　此处是说沙尘暴过后,Howard发现装有(equipped)食物和水的背包不见了。故选D。
6.C　此处指装有食物和水的背包被沙尘暴(sandstorm)卷走了。故选C。
7.B　根据下文“at least I have a pear”可知,Howard只剩下了一个梨(pear)。故选B。
8.C　此处是说 Howard 被饥饿、干渴和害怕(fear)死亡的恐惧笼罩着。故选C。
9.D　设空处上文描述Howard遭遇的困境,设空处后的“Not too bad, at least I have a pear.”可以看出,Howard仍然在坚持找出路,前后为转折关系。故选D。
10.C　此处指Howard在沙漠中一次次想要放弃(give up)时,都会盯着这个梨。故选C。
11.D　根据“Not too bad, at least I have a pear.”可知,Howard一直保存(keeping)着这个梨。故选D。
12.C　此处是说这个梨成为Howard生存的希望(hope)和勇气的来源。故选C。
13.B　根据前文walked out of the desert可知,最终,Howard存活(survived)下来了。故选B。
14.A　根据语境可知,Howard保存着梨,将其看作走出沙漠的希望,最后成功(success)了。故选A。
15.D　Howard将留下来的梨看作希望,因此可推断,想要获得成功,永远都不要告诉自己“一无所有(nothing left)”,要保持希望。故选D。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
你校英文报正开展关于“Courage and Determination”的征文活动,请你结合自己的经历,用英语写一篇短文投稿,讲述你成长过程中关于勇气与毅力的故事。
　　 注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
[写作指导]
　　One possible version:
I will never forget the first time when I learnt how to ride a bike.At the beginning, with Dad holding the back of the bike, I rode happily and safely.After some time, Dad told me he would let go of the bike and that I should ride independently.Though scared, I took a deep breath and gave it a try.It was not easy.After several attempts, I finally rode the bike steadily.At that moment, I felt like I was flying.
Whenever I meet with difficulties, this experience inspires me to be brave and determined so that I can achieve everything.(共173张PPT)
UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
头脑风暴·思维发散
Our life is filled with sunshine and rain.Not everything goes smoothly.We may be confronted with adversity.If that happens,
what should we do We should face up to the difficulty and never give up.Be persistent and positive,and we will be successful.
Part 1
Reading and Thinking,
Learning About Language
自主预习·课前清障
基础识记
阅读单词
1.adversity　　n. 　
2.expedition n. 　
3.cupboard n. 　
4.steward n. 　
5.crush vt. 　
n. 　
6.stove n. 　
困境;逆境
探险;远征;探险队
橱柜;壁橱;衣柜
(轮船、飞机或火车上的)乘务员;服务员
毁坏;压坏;压碎
拥挤的人群
炉具;厨房灶具
7.blanket n. 　
8.belongings n. [pl.] 　
9.voyage n.& vi. 　
10.navy n. 　
11.decent adj. 　
12.cosy adj. 　
13.crew n. 　
毯子
财物;动产
航海;航行
海军;海军部队
相当不错的;正派的;得体的
温馨的;舒适的
(轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员;专业团队;一群人
14.furniture n. 　
15.bark vi.& n. 　
16.rugby n. 　
17.bat n. 　
vi.& vt. 　
18.nephew n. 　
家具
(狗)吠叫;吠叫声
橄榄球运动
球拍;蝙蝠
用球板击球;挥打;拍打
侄子;外甥
核心单词
1. 　　　 n.工资
2. adj.严寒的;激烈而不愉快的;味苦的
3. adv.& prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
4. n.& vt.羡慕;妒忌
5. vi.沉没;下沉;下降
vt.使下沉;使沉没
6. vt.舍弃;抛弃;放弃
wage
bitter
aboard
envy
sink
abandon
7. adj.脾气好的/坏的
8. adj.潮湿的;湿气重的
9. n.娱乐;消遣;游戏
10. adj.公司的;法人的;社团的
good/bad-tempered
damp
recreation
corporate
运用词汇
1.endurance n.忍耐力;耐久力→ vt.容忍;忍耐
2.vigour n.精力;力量;活力→ adj.精力充沛的→
adv.精神旺盛地
3.qualified adj.符合资格;具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→
vt.& vi.(使)具备资格;(使)合格→ n.资格;资历
4.enthusiastic adj.热情的;热心的→ adv.热情地;热心地→ n.热情;热心
endure
vigorous
vigorously
qualify
qualification
enthusiastically
enthusiasm
5.assign vt.分派;布置;分配→ n.分配;任务;作业
6.miserable adj.痛苦的;令人难受的→ adv.痛苦地;令人难受地→ n.痛苦;悲惨
7.selfish adj.自私的→ adv.自私地→ n.自私→
adj.无私的
8.genuine adj.真正的;真诚的;可信赖的→ adv.真正地;真诚地;诚实地
9.perseverance n.毅力;韧性;不屈不挠的精神→ vi.坚持;孜孜以求
assignment
miserably
misery
selfishly
selfishness
selfless
genuinely
persevere
10.resolve vi.& vt.决定;决心;解决(问题或困难) n.决心;坚定的信
念→ n.决议;解决;坚定
11.cruel adj.残酷的;残忍的;冷酷的→ adv.残酷地→
n.残酷;残忍
12.thorough adj.深入的;彻底的;细致的→ adv.完全地;彻底地;非常
resolution
cruelly
cruelty
thoroughly
13.fortunately adv.幸运地→ adv.不幸地;遗憾地→
adj.幸运的→ n.运气;幸运
14.guidance n.指导;引导;导航→ n.导游 vt.引导;带领
15.advertise vt.& vi.公布;宣传;做广告→ n.广告活动;广告业→ n.广告
unfortunately
fortunate
fortune
guide
advertising
advertisement
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1. 梦想
2. 为……做好准备
3. 拒绝(某人)
4. 对……充满热情
5. 上船
6. 出发;动身
dream of
be ready for
turn sb down
be enthusiastic about
go aboard
set off
7. 指派某人做某事
8. 被困在
9. 扔掉
10. 令某人惊讶的是
11. 越来越糟糕
12. 成功
13. 坚持住;别挂断
14. 在某人的指导下
assign sb to do sth
become stuck in
throw away
to one’s surprise
go from bad to worse
make it
hold on
under one’s guidance
重点句型
1.以下是布莱克博罗的几篇日记摘录。
some of Blackborow’s diary entries.
2.……好吧,一天早晨,我碰巧买了份报纸,看到了这则有关南极探险的招募广告。
...Well, one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition.
Below are
it so happened that
3.但是,满怀着想要与他们同赴南极的热情,我偷偷地爬上了他的“坚忍”号轮船,躲在一个小橱柜里。
But I was 　
I secretly went aboard his ship,the Endurance,and hid in a small cupboard.
so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them
that
4.我们来到此处不久之后,沙克尔顿就离开我们,前往1 320千米之外的南乔治亚岛寻求帮助——这一航行对于我们所有人而言太危险、太艰难了,仅靠这艘小船,肯定无法让每个人都脱险。
Soon after we arrived,Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island,1,320 kilometres away—the voyage was 　
in our small boats.
5.要不是有弗兰克和欧内斯特,我们到现在早就没命了。
Without Frank and Ernest, .
too dangerous and
difficult for all of us to make it
we’d all be dead by now
学习理解·语篇解构
语篇导读·先行把握
1.主题语境:人与自我——做人与做事
2.语篇类型:日记——记叙文
3.课文内容分析:
本文讲述的是一个真实的南极探险故事。本文展现了探险家沙克尔顿以及船员珀西等人登上“坚忍”号,“坚忍”号被困并沉没,船员们登陆象岛,沙克尔顿组队求援的大致过程,其中每一个事件都伴随着对相关人物的考验,展现了探险家和船员们不畏艰险、不惧困难的精神。本文旨在塑造学生的健全人
格,鼓励他们勇于挑战自我,正视人生中的逆境,把握生命的价值和人生的意义。
多维解读·深度剖析
down
discovered
meals
help
hope
chance
精研细读·深层理解
(　　)1.Why was Perce Blackborow turned down when he applied to join the expedition
A.Because he was too young and wasn’t qualified.
B.Because he had no experience.
C.Because he had no perseverance.
D.Because they needed no more hands.
√
(　　)2.How did Shackleton feel when the Endurance sank
A.Panic. B.Surprised. C.Calm. D.Unconcerned.
(　　)3.Why did Shackleton allow Hussey to keep his banjo
A.Because it was very valuable.
B.Because it took up little space.
C.Because it would never sink.
D.Because it could cheer them up.
√
√
(　　)4.What kind of people are Frank and Shackleton
A.Selfish and bad-tempered.
B.Caring and strong-willed.
C.Creative and responsible.
D.Adventurous and adaptable.
(　　)5.What does the passage mainly tell us
A.Perce Blackborow admired Shackleton very much.
B.Shackleton took Perce Blackborow to the ship.
C.Perce Blackborow’s diary entries about the great expedition.
D.Perce Blackborow missed his mother very much.
√
√
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
1.However,when I applied to join the expedition,Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasn’t qualified.
然而,当我申请参加这次探险时,沙克尔顿却拒绝了我,因为他认为我太年轻,不具备资格。
★turn down 拒绝(提议、建议或提议人);把……调低;关小
This time,she turned down the fire so it cooked nicely.
这一次,她把火关小了,这样烤得好。
I would appreciate it if you could turn the volume down.
如果你将音量调低,我将不胜感激。
How could you turn down such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months
你好几个月没有工作了,怎么能拒绝一份这么好的工作
归纳拓展
turn up 到达;露面;偶然出现;调高(音量等)
turn on 接通(电流、煤气、水等);打开
turn off 关掉;截断(电流、煤气、水等)
turn in 上交;提交;交还
turn back (使)原路返回,往回走
turn to 向……求助;转向;翻到
turn over 翻身;翻转;移交
turn out 结果是,证明是;生产;出席(某项活动);在场
温馨提示
如果宾语为代词,需要把代词放在turn与down之间。
语境运用
(1)句子语法填空
①He promised that he would come,but he did not turn 　　 until midnight.
②She forgot to turn 　 the radio and thus missed the programme.
up
on
(2)完成句子
③他拒绝了我的建议,把生意移交给了他的女儿。
He 　　　　　　 my suggestion and 　　　　　 the business to his daughter.
④当我向他求助时,他却毫不犹豫地拒绝了我,这让我快要哭了。
When I 　　　　　　　 　 　　,it 　　　 　　 that he
　　　　　　　　 without hesitation,which put me on the verge of crying.
turned down
turned over
turned to him for help
turned out
turned me down
语境串词
The party was almost over,but Jane still didn’t turn up.He was very disappointed.He wanted to know why she didn’t turn down his invitation if she didn’t want to come.It turned out that her car broke down halfway but there was no one she could turn to for help.
聚会快结束了,但简仍然没有出现。他非常失望。他想知道如果她不想来,她为什么不拒绝他的邀请。结果是简的车在半路上抛锚了,但她找不到人帮忙。
★qualified adj.符合资格;具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)
qualify vt.& vi.(使)具备资格;(使)合格
qualification n.资格;资历
(2023·全国乙卷)She qualified as a surgeon in 1813,then joined the British Army,serving overseas.
她于1813年获得外科医生资格,然后加入英国军队,在海外服役。
There is a growing need for qualified teachers of Business English.
对合格的商务英语教师的需求日益增长。
What makes you think you are qualified for this job
你为何认为自己适合这份工作
归纳拓展
·be qualified for sth 有资格获得某物;能胜任某事
be qualified to do sth 有资格做某事
·qualify sb to do sth 使某人有资格做某事
qualify sb as...使某人有资格成为……
qualify sb for...使某人合格;使某人有资格……
温馨提示
表示“胜任……”的其他短语有be equal to、be fit for、be adequate to等。
语境运用
(1)句子语法填空
①This training course will qualify you 　　a better job.
②To tell the truth,I don’t know much about it,so I am not qualified
　　　　(make) any comment on it.
③The young girl has 　　　 　 (qualify) to teach English.
for
to make
qualifications
(2)句型转换
④He is looking for a person who is qualified to do the job.
→He is looking for a person 　　　　　　　　　　.(用形容词短语改写)
qualified to do the job
语境串词
He got his qualification certificate after graduation.Now he qualifies himself as a lawyer.That is to say,he is qualified to defend the client.
他毕业后获得了资格证书。现在他有资格当律师了。也就是说,他有资格为客户辩护。
2.But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship,the Endurance,and hid in a small cupboard.
但是,满怀着想要与他们同赴南极的热情,我偷偷地爬上了他的“坚忍”号轮船,躲在一个小橱柜里。
★enthusiastic adj.热情的;热心的
enthusiastically adv.热情地;热心地
enthusiasm n.热情;热心
enthusiast n.热心者;爱好者
Camping is a great way to meet the locals as they themselves are enthusiastic campers.
野营是与当地居民接触的好途径,因为他们本身就是热情的露营者。
He was always enthusiastic about helping others.
他总是热心帮助别人。
You’ll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job.
你要让他们相信你对这份工作的热情。
归纳拓展
·be enthusiastic about(doing)...对(做)……充满热情
·with enthusiasm(=enthusiastically) 热情地
be full of enthusiasm for...充满对……的热情
enthusiasm for (doing) sth 对(做)某事的热情
语境运用
(1)句子语法填空
①The resort is popular among ski 　　 　　 (enthusiastic).
②Today,I am just as enthusiastic 　　　 my job as the day I first started.
③She talked 　　 　　 (enthusiastic) on the joys of having a large family.
enthusiasts
about
enthusiastically
(2)完成句子
④她从未失去过教书的热忱。
She never lost her 　 .
enthusiasm for teaching
◆aboard adv.& prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
After five hours of waiting,travellers finally went aboard the ship.
等了5个小时后,游客终于上了船。
Little Tom and the sailors spent two months aboard.
小汤姆和水手们在船上待了两个月。
All aboard!The flight is about to take off.
请大家登机!航班马上就要起飞了。
归纳拓展
be aboard a/the train/bus/plane 上火车/公共汽车/飞机
go aboard 上船(飞机、火车、公共汽车等)
All aboard! 请大家上船(飞机、火车、公共汽车等)!
Welcome aboard!欢迎乘坐!
on board 在船(火车、飞机)上
温馨提示
注意区别以下四个词形相近的单词:aboard、abroad、board与broad。
词语 辨析
aboard adv.& prep.在(船、火车、飞机等)上;上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
abroad adv.在国外;到国外
board v.上船(火车、飞机、公共汽车等);寄宿 n.木板;膳食;董事会
broad adj.广阔的;宽阔的;广泛的;概括的
语境运用
(1)语境选词填空(aboard/abroad/board/broad)
①The moment he was about to go　　　　the ship,he found that he had left his ticket home.
②Although living 　　　　 for years,many Chinese still observe traditional Chinese customs.
③All passengers must be in possession of a valid ticket before
　 　　　 the train.
aboard
abroad
boarding
④With a kind heart and 　　　　mind,he is sure to go further in his career.
(2)完成句子
⑤他们是最后两个上船的人。
They were the last two to 　 .
⑥欢迎乘坐我们的轮船,很高兴能跟大家一起度过这一天美好的时光。
　　 　　　　　　　　　and it’s a pleasure to spend the day with you all.
broad
go aboard the ship/board the ship
Welcome aboard our ship
3.He assigned me to be a steward,and I now serve meals for twenty-eight men,three times a day.
他指派我担任服务员,我现在为28名船员供应一日三餐。
★assign vt.分派;布置;分配
assignment n.分配;任务;作业
Later in the year,she’ll assign them research papers/assign research papers to them.
今年晚些时候,她将给他们布置研究论文。
Which police officer has been assigned to this case
哪一位警官被指派负责该案件
They’ve assigned the best man to do the job.
他们指派了最优秀的人做这项工作。
归纳拓展
assign sb sth(=assign sth to sb)给某人布置/分派某事
assign sb to do sth布置/分派某人做某事
be assigned to sb/sth 被指派/被分配给……
assign sb to...分配/指派某人到(某个岗位、某项工作等)
语境运用
(1)句子语法填空
①His son 　　 　　 (assign) to work at a county hospital after graduation.
②You will need to complete three written 　　 　　 (assign) per semester.
was assigned
assignments
(2)完成句子
③总经理派他去指导这栋大楼的建设。
The general manager 　　　　　　　　　　　 the construction of the building.
④这两间大教室被分配给了我们。
The two large classrooms 　　　　　　　　　　　.
assigned him to guide
have been assigned to us
语境串词
We assign different questions to everyone,and then everyone is responsible for writing the assigned questions.After finishing them,
they should hand in their assignments.
我们将不同的问题分配给每个人,然后每人负责写分配到的问题。完成后,他们应该上交作业。
4.How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to!
等我回来,当我告诉每个人我去过的那些神奇地方,大家该会多么羡慕我啊!
★envy n.&vt.羡慕;妒忌
enviable adj.令人羡慕的
envious adj.羡慕的;妒忌的
He will have a chance of visiting Guilin.We all envy him his good fortune.
他将有机会游览桂林,我们都很羡慕他的好运。
They looked with envy at her latest purchase.
他们羡慕地看着她最近买到的东西。
They only say such unkind things about you out of envy.
他们纯粹出于妒忌才说你的坏话。
归纳拓展
·be/become the envy of sb 成为某人羡慕/妒忌的对象
with envy 羡慕地;嫉妒地
out of envy 出于羡慕;出于嫉妒
feel envy at 对……妒忌
·envy sb (for) sth 羡慕/妒忌某人有某物
envy sb doing sth 羡慕/妒忌某人做某事
·be envious of 羡慕/妒忌……
温馨提示
envy、admire这两个词都可译为“羡慕”,但含义并不相同。envy不仅含有“羡慕别人所拥有的东西或品质”的意思,而且进一步有“我也要拥有”的含义。
语境运用
句子语法填空
①If you have no selfish motives,you will not be suspicious and envious 　　　　others.
②My friends were green 　　　　 envy when I bought a new car.
③She always envies me 　　　　 my curly hair.
of
with
for
5.Before we abandoned the ship,Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies—the small boats,our food,the cook stove,candles,clothes,and blankets.
在我们弃船之前,沙克尔顿镇定地把大家召集在一起,告诉我们要抢救最需要的补给品——小船、食物、炊具、蜡烛、衣服和毛毯。
★abandon vt.舍弃;抛弃;放弃 n.放纵
abandoned adj.被抛弃的;废弃的;放纵的
Playing computer games is harmful to your health.Don’t abandon yourself to this kind of pleasure.
玩电脑游戏对你的健康有害。不要沉迷于这种快乐。
By no means shall we abandon searching for the missing people.
我们绝不会放弃寻找失踪者。
(2022·全国乙卷)The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.
身处新环境的人应该对你的朋友可能会感到被抛弃这一事实表示同情。
归纳拓展
·abandon (doing) sth 放弃/停止(做)某事
abandon oneself to...沉湎于某事;陷入(某种情感)
be abandoned to (doing)...沉湎于(做)……
·with abandon 恣意地;放纵地
温馨提示
以上短语中的to都是介词,后跟名词或动词-ing形式。
语境运用
(1)句子语法填空
①During the festival people jumped and shouted 　　 abandon and they enjoyed their life to the fullest.
②They abandoned 　　　 　(carry) out the plan because of the lack of money.
with
carrying
(2)一句多译
他在业余时间沉迷于阅读各种各样的书,很少有机会和朋友聚在一起。
③He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 all kinds of books in his spare time and seldom has a chance to get together with his friends.(abandon oneself to)
④He 　　　　　　　　　　 all kinds of books in his spare time and seldom has a chance to get together with his friends.(be abandoned to)
⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 all kinds of books in his spare time,he seldom has a chance to get together with his friends.(非谓语动词)
abandons himself to reading
is abandoned to reading
Abandoned to reading/Abandoning himself to reading
6.Their genuine concern for others,their perseverance,and their resolve fill me with hope.
他们对他人的真心关怀、他们的锲而不舍以及坚定的信念,让我充满希望。
◆resolve vi.& vt.决定;决心;解决(问题或困难)n.决心;坚定的信念
resolution n.决议;解决;坚定
(2022·全国甲卷)It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving.
这是一场我们无法更好地解决的冲突。
From that moment she resolved to trace the unknown element.
从那时起,她决心找出这种未知的元素。
The difficulties in my study merely strengthened my resolve.
学习中的困难只会让我更加坚定。
归纳拓展
·weaken/strengthen/test one’s resolve
削弱/增强/考验某人的决心
·resolve (not) to do sth 决定(不)做某事
resolve on (doing) sth 决定(做)某事
·make a resolution 下决心;制订计划
语境运用
(1)句子语法填空
①I have resolved 　　　 　 (assign) the most challenging task to Tom—a hard-working and enthusiastic man.
②Now the number of students who resolve 　　 studying abroad after graduation is on the decrease.
③Perhaps you could start your 　　　 　 (resolve) by finding the source of the problem.
to assign
on
resolution
(2)完成句子
④文化遗产代表我们祖先的智慧,因此我们国家决定不遗余力地保护它们。
Cultural relics represent the wisdom of our ancestors,so 　
　 .
our country
has resolved to spare no effort to protect them
重点句式
1....the voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats.
……这一航行对于我们所有人而言太危险、太艰难了,仅靠这艘小船,肯定无法让每个人都脱险。
★too...to...太……而不能……
(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Young people are too busy to interact with nature.
年轻人太忙了,没有时间接触大自然。
(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)It is never too late for people to start taking exercise.
只要人们开始锻炼就永远都不晚。
归纳拓展
语境运用
完成句子
①一个人去森林里探险太危险了,尤其是现在下着大雨。
It is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　alone especially when it is raining heavily now.
②你做作业时越细心越好。
You 　　　　　　　　　 to do your homework.
③听到这个好消息我非常高兴。
I’m 　　　　　　　　　　 the good news.
too dangerous to explore the forest
can’t be too careful
only too glad to hear
2.Without Frank and Ernest,we’d all be dead by now.
要不是有弗兰克和欧内斯特,我们到现在早就没命了。
★句中介词without引起虚拟语气,是一种含蓄条件句的表达方式。
(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)She would have struggled with extreme pain to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
如果没有贝利的帮助,她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。
Without your help,finishing the task ahead of time would be impossible.
没有你的帮助,提前完成任务是不可能的。
Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat,Earth would be freezing cold at night.
如果没有空气留住太阳的一些热量,晚上地球将会非常寒冷。
I didn’t catch the bus,or I would not have missed the wonderful film.
我没有赶上公共汽车,否则我不会错过这部精彩的电影。
归纳拓展
语境运用
完成句子
①如果没有你的建议,我可能会犯下大错。
　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　,I would make a big mistake.
②幸运的是,我参加了采摘活动。要不然,我就体会不到劳动的乐趣了。
Fortunately,I participated in the picking activity.Otherwise,
　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　.
Without your advice/But for your advice
I could not have experienced the joy of working
③没有你的帮助,我的英语不可能进步得这么快,我也不可能如此享受在那里的生活。
Without your help,my English 　　　　　　 　　　　 so quickly and I 　 my life there so much,either.
④真遗憾!你错过了这次观光,要不然我们本可以在一起度过一段愉快时光。
What a pity! You missed the sightseeing,or we 　
　　　 　 together.
couldn’t have improved
couldn’t have enjoyed
would have had a
good time
进阶提升·写作微练
人物心理描写(悲伤、绝望)
常用词汇
一、课文词汇
1.our hearts sink我们的心沉了下去
2.to one’s surprise令某人惊讶的是
3.keep one’s spirits up振奋某人的精神
4.hope of rescue获救的希望
5.feel low感到沮丧
二、补充词汇
6.in the sea of sorrow 在悲伤的海洋中
7.fall into despair 陷入绝望
8.in grief 悲痛
9.full of despair 充满绝望
10.unbearably painful 难以忍受的痛苦
11.feel heartbroken 感到心碎
12.with a heavy heart 怀着沉重的心情
13.a hopeless sigh 一声无望的叹息
14.be sad at heart 心里悲伤
15.beyond hope 绝望地
常用句型
一、课本原句
1.And when the ship sank,our hearts sank with it.
当船沉没时,我们的心也跟着下沉。
2.But to our surprise,he allowed Hussey to keep his banjo.Hussey often plays it to keep our spirits up.
然而,令我们惊讶的是,他允许赫西带上他的班卓琴。赫西经常会弹奏班卓
琴,以振奋我们的精神。
3.If Shackleton fails,will we have any hope of rescue
如果沙克尔顿失败了,我们还有任何获救的希望吗
二、其他表达
4.She fell into deep despair and couldn’t enjoy even little pleasure.
她陷入深深的绝望,感受不到一丝快乐。
5.She hugged her head in despair and knelt down.
她绝望地抱住头,跪下来。
6.They were immersed in grief.
他们沉浸在悲痛之中。
7.She felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn’t help crying bitterly.
她感到一阵悲伤,忍不住痛哭起来。
8.She suddenly choked with sobs,her tears gushing from her eyes.
她突然泣不成声,眼泪夺眶而出。
9.I sobbed slowly,and my heart was full of despair.
我慢慢抽泣起来,心里满是绝望。
10.Feeling unbearably painful and heartbroken,she was at a loss.
她感到难以忍受的痛苦和心碎,不知所措。
11.Unbearable sadness possessing me,I was close to tears.
无法忍受的悲伤笼罩着我,我几乎要哭了。
12.Her tears filled her eyes and started rolling down her face.
她的泪水盈满了眼眶,开始顺着她的脸颊往下流。
微写作训练
1.得知助手绝望地递交了辞职信的噩耗,他感到心碎。孤独和悲伤如潮水般涌来。
　
　
　
He felt heartbroken when he learnt the bad news that his assistant handed over his resignation letter in despair.Loneliness and grief came in waves.
2.听到老父亲去世的消息,他的泪水盈满了眼眶,开始顺着他的脸颊往下流。突然,他十分悲痛地抽泣起来。
　
　
Hearing the death of his old father,his tears filled his eyes and started rolling down his face.Suddenly,he sobbed in grief heavily.
课文二次开发利用
课文语法填空
My name is Perce Blackborow and I have been dreaming of 1.　　 　. expedition to the South Pole with Sir Ernest Shackleton.One day,I read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition in a newspaper,but when I applied to join it,I 2.　　　 　(turn) down because I was too young and wasn’t qualified.I got aboard the ship without 3.　　　 　 (permit) and hid in a small cupboard,but was discovered three days later.Shackleton assigned me 4.　　　　(be) a steward,and I cooked for twenty-eight men.How 5.　　　 　 (excite) I was!
an
was turned
being permitted
to be
excited
The journey was 6.　　　　 (hard) than I expected.When we approached Antarctica,our ship became stuck 7.　　　 the ice and got crushed.Before abandoning the ship,we were only allowed to take some of our necessities and throw away the rest.We were camped on the ice,but with spring 8.　　　　 (come),the ice began to melt.
harder
in
coming
Having struggled for days,the conditions on Elephant Island were going from bad to worse.Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island,9.　　　　 is 1,320 kilometres away.I was in low spirits.There was no food on the island except seals or penguins we sometimes caught.However,with the genuine concern of Frank and Ernest,I was filled with hope and thought perhaps there was a chance we 10.　　 　　(return) home,after all.
which
would return
语法专项指导
语法原句再现
①An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton—this is the adventure that I have been dreaming of.
②We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive...
③We have been struggling for days,but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worse.
　　观察上面的句子,尝试总结以上各句表示的动作有什么特点。
现在完成进行时
语法知识点拨
一、现在完成进行时的结构
肯定形式:have/has+been doing(第三人称单数用has,其他人称用have)
The artist has been painting the picture for 3 hours,but he has not finished it yet.
这位艺术家画这幅画三个小时了,但他还没有画完。
否定形式:have/ has+not+been doing
He hasn’t been using the car for the last two months.
过去两个月他一直没用车。
语境运用
完成句子
①你知道,三个月来我一直在找工作,这是我第一个正式的面试。
You know,I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 for three months,and this is my first formal interview.
②你去哪了 我已在雨中等了你两个小时。
Where have you been I 　　　　　　 　　 for you in the rain for two hours.
have been looking for a job
have been waiting
二、现在完成进行时的用法
1.表示动作从过去某时开始,一直延续到现在,将来还可能延续下去,强调动作的延续性。
2.表示不久前刚刚结束的动作。这种意义通常根据上下文来判断。
Her eyes are red.It’s obvious that she has been crying for a long time.
她的眼睛红红的,显然她哭了很长时间。
3.表示某种感彩。
We’ve been looking forward to our summer vacation.
我们一直盼着暑假的到来。(愿望)
You have been lying to me.
你一直在对我说谎。(气愤)
4.表示从过去某时开始到现在这一段时间内动作一再重复发生。
All these days he has been writing articles to our magazine.
这些天他一直在给我们杂志写文章。
温馨提示
使用现在完成进行时的句子,表意上需要动作行为具有延续性的特点。因此,某些不具有延续性含义的动词,如come、go、marry、die、finish、like、love、hate、want、need、prefer、know、realise、mean、understand、believe、remember、belong、complain、consist、seem等,不适用于现在完成进行时。
语境运用
句子语法填空
①Since the time humankind started gardening,we 　
(try) to make our environment more beautiful.
②The little boy is dirty from head to foot because he 　
　　　　(play) in the mud all morning.
have been trying
has been
playing
三、常与现在完成时连用的时间状语
现在完成进行时常与all the time、all the morning、these days、all night、“since+时间点或从句”“for+一段时间”等表示一段时间的状语连用。
You must be tired since you have been working all the morning.
你工作了一上午,一定很累了吧。
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.
我们等你半个小时了。
语境运用
完成句子
①他一直盼着加薪。
He has been hoping for a raise in salary 　　　　　　.
②我们近半个月以来一直在刷房子,很快就要完工了。
We 　　　　 　　　　　　　　　for nearly half a month and it will finish soon.
all the time
have been painting the house
四、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别
1.现在完成进行时强调动作的延续性;现在完成时则强调某个刚刚完成的动作或某个过去的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果。
I have been reading the book you lent me,but I haven’t finished it yet.
我一直在看你借给我的那本书,但我还没有看完。
2.现在完成进行时可以表示动作的反复性;现在完成时一般不表示反复性。
Have you been meeting him recently
你最近经常见他吗 (强调多次见到)
Have you met him recently
你最近见过他吗 (可能只有一次)
3.现在完成进行时有时含有感彩;现在完成时一般表示平铺直叙。
亨利工作有条不紊。
Henry has been doing his work in an orderly way.(含有表扬的意味)
Henry has done his work in an orderly way.(描述事实)
温馨提示
部分动词(如live、work、teach、study等)用这两种时态所表达的意思差别不大。
I’ve lived/been living here for 30 years.
我在这儿住了30年。
How long have you worked/been working here
你在这里工作多久了
语境运用
句子语法填空
①The students 　　　 　 (prepare) for the exam for half a month.
②Steve 　　 　　 (play) rugby since the age of eight.Now he 　 　　 　 (become) a professional player.
have been preparing
has been playing
has become
1.(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Since June 2017,right before the arrival of the two new pandas,Meng Meng and Jiao Qing,I 　
(help) the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English.
2.(2023·全国甲卷)Bo.lan 　　 　　(make) waves in Bangkok’s culinary scene since it opened in 2009.
真题体验
have been helping
has been making
3.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Since then,I 　　 　　(write) many good works and now I am a famous writer.
4.(2023·全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple lyric form that
　　　 　(pass) down through the ages can still be employed today to draw attention to important truths.
5.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)People 　　　 　 (bring) their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them.
have written
has been passed
have been bringing
答案及剖析:
1.have been helping　考查动词的时态。分析语境,再根据此处的时间状语since June 2017可知,动作现在可能正在进行并可能持续下去,应用现在完成进行时。故填have been helping。
2.has been making　考查动词的时态。由语境及时间状语since it opened in 2009可知,动作发生在过去,延续到现在并持续下去,应用现在完成进行时。故填has been making。
3.have written　考查动词的时态。由语境可知,此处强调现在的结果,不表示动作还在进行,应用现在完成时。故填have written。
4.has been passed　考查动词的时态和语态。由语境可知,此处强调现在的结果是抒情诗的形式已流传很长时间,要用现在完成时;且pass与主语a simple lyric form是被动关系。故填has been passed。
5.have been bringing　考查动词的时态。本句表示动作的反复性,应用现在完成进行时。故填have been bringing。
语法专项训练
句子语法填空
1.Great changes　　 　　(take place)in our school in the last few years.
2.This is the first time that we 　　　 　(see)a film in the cinema together as a family.
3. You should go to bed.You 　　 　　 (watch) TV for 2 hours.
have taken place
have seen
have been watching
4.Donna　　 　　(think)about going back to school,but she hasn’t decided yet.
5.For the whole morning,the board of the directors 　
(discuss) the resolution to increase wages in the coming year.
6.Sorry,but Mr Smith 　　 　　(leave) for Beijing.
7.I 　　 　　(look) for him everywhere.Where can he be
8.Here he is!We 　　　 　(wait) anxiously for him since last night.
9.It 　　 　　 (rain) for two days,and it seems that it will rain for another two days.
has been thinking
has been discussing
has left
have been looking
have been waiting
has been raining
10.Jason’s only recreation is painting.He 　　 　　 (learn) how to paint for over five years.
11.Such will be my future life,one I 　　　 　(dream) of.
12.Mary 　　 　　 (work) really hard on her book and thinks she’ll have finished it by Friday.
13.My nephew Sam 　　 　　 (collect) comic books since he was five.Now he has more than two hundred of them.
has been learning
have been dreaming
has been working
has been collecting
14.I won’t tell the student the answer to the question until he
　　 　 　 (work) on it for more than ten minutes.
15.I 　　 　　(learn) English for ten years and I speak English fluently.So I am qualified to be your interpreter.
has been working/has worked
have been learning
课时作业
基础进阶·情境运用
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Some temporary workers took the weekly 　　　　 (工资).
2.My mother 　　 　　 (分派) me to feed the hens every day when I was young.
3.When dusk came, the sun was starting to 　　 　　 (下降) and the old temple bathed in the sunset looked more beautiful.
wage
assigned
sink
4.The heavy snow forced many drivers to 　　　 　 (舍弃) their vehicles on the road.
5.I had already taken steps to speed up to 　　　 　 (解决) the problem.
6.A good idea occurred to me that we could 　　 　　 (做广告) our products on the Internet.
7.He is 　　 　　 (热情的)about his new job and has made up his mind to devote himself to it.
abandon
resolve
advertise
enthusiastic
8.Everyone said he was a 　　　　 (正派的) sort of guy.
9.We usually have a 　　 　　 (彻底的) cleaning every Thursday morning.
10.　　　 　 (幸运地), none of the crew was dead or injured and they all returned safe and sound.
decent
thorough
Fortunately
Ⅱ.语境填词
1.I make a list of books I will read and the 　　 　　 (assign) I will do.
2.The broken bike was found 　　 　　 (abandon) by the river.
3.They made a 　　 　　 (resolve) to lose all the weight gained last year.
4.I know it’s where I’ll find my family,my dogs,and my
　　 　　 (belong).
assignments
abandoned
resolution
belongings
5.After ten months’ training,he became 　　 　　 (qualify) to obtain certain kinds of jobs.
6.What upset me most was that his suggestion was turned 　
a second time.
7.Activities all take place under the 　　 　　 (guide) of an experienced tutor.
8.The children 　　 　　 (enthusiastic) learnt to ride a bicycle.
qualified
down
guidance
enthusiastically
9.We are all 　　　　 (envy) of his great progress in English.
10.This explanation, of course, was 　　 　　 (thorough) understood by everyone present.
11.With numerous assignments and much homework to complete, they are unable to participate in other sports and 　
(recreation) events.
12.He couldn’t check his anger to see such 　　 　　 (cruel) to children.
envious
thoroughly　
recreational
cruelty
13.　　 　　 (fortunately),they ran into a snowstorm along the way.
14.The target audience for this 　　 　　 (advertise) was mainly teenagers.
15.These are the things that will 　　　 　 (genuine) relieve boredom and make you more effective in the process.
Unfortunately
advertisement
genuinely
Ⅲ.情境写作
1.如果你让自己失望了,那么这样的情况只会越来越糟。(go from bad to worse)
　
　
If you let yourself down,the situation could only go from bad to worse.
2.他的父母担心他太小而不能照顾自己。(too ... to ...)
　
His parents are worried that he is too young to look after himself.
3.如果你想对工作充满热情,请记住这三件事。(be enthusiastic about)
　
If you want to be enthusiastic about your work,please remember these three things.
4.汤姆(Tom)不得不拒绝上周末的聚会邀请,因为他太忙了。
(turn down)
　
　
Tom had to turn down the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
　
5.你最好不要扔掉那些书,说不定你能再读一遍。(throw away)
　
You’d better not throw away those books in case you can read them again.
　
话题延伸·素养升华
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The mind is a wonderful thing.It’s also an excuse-making machine that frequently tries to convince us not to take action we know is good for us.If we hadn’t learnt about these excuses, or how to overcome them, we would never have succeeded in making these positive changes.
So why does the mind mess with us and make unreasonable excuses Because the mind wants comfort, that’s the reason.It’s afraid of discomfort, pressure and change.The mind is absorbed in its comfort zone, and anytime we try to stretch that zone too far, for too long, the mind tries desperately to get back to “ground zero” at any cost.These damaging excuses, such as “I can’t do it” “It is too hard for me” “It’s too late now” and so on, are no strangers to our minds.
It seems too difficult at first, so you think you can’t stick to the positive change you’re making.This excuse can be countered
(对抗) by looking at the fact that other people were no more capable than you thought you were.For example, my 60-year-old next-door neighbour finished running a marathon, so I told myself, “If she can do it, so can I!” Truth be told, the only person who tells you “I can’t” is yourself.If you hear those words echoing in the back of your mind, tune them out.
I’ve witnessed people reinventing themselves at all ages:48-year-olds starting families, 57-year-olds graduating from college for the first time, 71-year-olds starting successful businesses, and so forth.
Another common excuse is that “I’ve already failed too much.” If you break down, it’s fine, because you are only human.Just don’t stay down; take a rest, and then pick yourself up so you can go to where you’d rather be.As a famous person said, “Success is never final; failure is never fatal.It is courage to continue that counts.”
Some people feel like quitting when they have almost reached their goal, while others attain goals through their efforts until the last second.So make some necessary adjustments to get rid of the bad habit of making excuses.Keep going! No excuses! Think, work, and climb, that’s how you’ll move your life forward.
语篇导读:本文是议论文。文章告诉我们在面临困难时,不要找借
口,要继续战斗,否则永远无法成功地做出积极的改变。
(　　)1.What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage
A.To tell readers how to make a change.
B.To help readers develop a new view of life.
C.To encourage readers to leave their comfortable zone.
D.To tell readers to stop making excuses and keep fighting.
√
答案及剖析:
1.D　推理判断题。通读文章,尤其是根据最后一段中的“So make some necessary adjustments ... No excuses!”可知,作者写这篇文章的目的是告诉读者有困难时不要找借口,而是要继续战斗,故选D。
(　　)2.What did the author realise after knowing his neighbour finished the marathon
A.The author realised completing a marathon was not too difficult.
B.The author realised people often neglect their abilities.
C.The author realised looking down upon the others is wrong.
D.The author realised people shouldn’t let negative thoughts step in their way.
√
答案及剖析:
2.D　推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句可知,作者在得知60岁的邻居完成了马拉松比赛后,感慨人们不应该让消极的想法妨碍自己,不要对自己说“我不行”。故选D。
(　　)3.Why does our mind make excuses
A.Because it tends to seek comforts rather than suffering.　
B.Because it needs rest and relaxation.
C.Because it is preparing for the difficult times.
D.Because that’s how it tries to find a solution.
√
答案及剖析:
3.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“So why does the mind ... pressure and change.”可知,大脑找借口的原因是它更倾向于寻求舒适而不是痛苦。故选A。
(　　)4.What might “ground zero” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A.The lowest spot.
B.The safest place.
C.The original place.
D.The proper position.
√
答案及剖析:
4.C　猜测短语题。根据画线短语前的“The mind is absorbed in ... at any cost.”可知,大脑被它的舒适区所吸引,这说明大脑不愿离开自己的舒适区。由此可知,此处是说当大脑远离自己的舒适区时,它会不惜一切代价拼命地试图回到前面提到的“舒适区”,即“原来的地方”,故选C。
B
In 1914,Ernest Shackleton and his 27 workers left England on a wooden sailing ship called the Endurance in the hope of becoming the first to cross Antarctica.But in 1915,the Endurance got trapped in the thick ice and later sank.Shackleton and all of his men lived,but the tale of their long and difficult return is one of the most famous survival stories of all time.
Although Shackleton kept accurate records of the ship’s position and the ship’s photographer even took pictures of it as it went down,the ship had never been found ever since.
On 6 March 2022,a search team announced that it had located the ship.The Endurance was found 3 kilometres below the ocean’s surface,about 6 kilometres south from its last known position.The name can be clearly read on the back of the ship.Even though the ship is made of wood and is over 100 years old,it has survived with little damage.Scientists say the small organisms that normally break down wooden objects underwater don’t live in the cold waters around Antarctica.
To locate the Endurance,the team used two underwater robots.They were especially useful,since they could travel under the ice,go where the ship could not and find anything sticking up above the sea floor.Finally,the ship was found.Once the ship was located,the robots used high-quality cameras and scanners to record the Endurance in detail.
Antarctica’s waters are protected by an international agreement,which means the ship can’t be disturbed.The team plans to create a digital 3D model of the ship site,using the careful scans they made.This will allow scientists to study the ship in detail without disturbing it.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。1915年,“坚忍”号被困在厚冰层中,后来沉没。2022年3月6日,一个搜索小组宣布找到了这艘船。文章介绍了人们探索这艘船的一些情况以及它的未来。
(　　)5.What was Ernest Shackleton’s purpose in sailing on the Endurance
A.To discover a new icy land.
B.To measure unknown areas.
C.To try to make history.
D.To settle down on Antarctica.
√
答案及剖析:
5.C　细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句可知,欧内斯特·沙克尔顿乘坐“坚忍”号的目的是试图创造历史。故选C。
(　　)6.What kept the ship in good condition
A.The depth of the water.
B.The special material of the ship.
C.The seafloor under the water.
D.The temperature of the water.
√
答案及剖析:
6.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的最后一句可知,水域寒冷,使这艘船不会被微生物分解,因此,水温使得这艘船保持着良好的状态。故选D。
(　　)7.What can be learnt about the future of the Endurance
A.It will remain untouched.
B.It will be pulled out of water.
C.It will be rebuilt by scientists.
D.It will be in the charge of the search team.
√
答案及剖析:
7.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知,未来“坚忍”号将保持原封不动。故选A。
(　　)8.What is the best title for the text
A.The Useful Underwater Robots
B.The Most Famous Survival Story
C.The Discovery of the Endurance
D.A Great Captain—Ernest Shackleton
√
答案及剖析:
8.C　标题归纳题。根据第三段内容并结合全文可知,本文主要说明了1915年,“坚忍”号被困在厚冰层中,后来沉没。2022年3月6日,一个搜索小组宣布找到了这艘船。文章介绍了人们对于这艘船的一些探索情况以及它的未来。由此可知,C项最适合作为文章的
标题。
C
When I found an advertisement for a conference by chance,I couldn’t wait to tell my coworkers.It looked like a great day of presentations highly relevant to our research,and I expected they would be eager to attend with me.However,no one was interested.
A year earlier,I left India for the United Kingdom to pursue my research career.At work,I shied away from engaging in discussions or putting forward my opinions.I was afraid my coworkers would realise how weak I really felt.Some mornings just stepping out of my room and going into the lab seemed a tough task.
Socialising didn’t help,as I constantly feared committing social mistakes.I longed for new experiences,but my insecurities prevented me.I started to keep more and more to myself.That began to change after a quiet breakdown in the lab prompted (促使) me to contact the university’s mental health services.The consultant suggested I attend a nearby concert by a famous singer from my home country.I couldn’t miss it.So,there I was in the packed concert hall,surrounded by strangers—all of us clapping and singing the choruses of the familiar songs.It was a beautiful night,and it proved to be a turning point.
My growing self-confidence carried over into my work,where I started to speak up and put forward my opinions.I offered to help coworkers design and troubleshoot experiments.I began to ask questions during departmental meetings.I finally felt like an active member of the group.So,when that conference came around,I felt comfortable registering to attend on my own—and I’m so glad I did.Not only did I meet the speakers,but I also introduced myself to other attendees.The encounters inspired me to critically evaluate my own professional interests.
语篇导读:本文是记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者曾经因为害怕犯社交错误而不敢与人来往,后来在大学的心理健康服务机构的帮助下情况开始好转,作者的自信不断增长,并延续到工作中。
(　　)9.How did the author probably feel at first about his coworkers’ response
A.Eager. 　B.Worried.
C.Disappointed. 　D.Uninterested.
√
答案及剖析:
9.C　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,当作者偶然发现一个会议的广告时,他迫不及待地告诉他的同事。他希望他们会渴望和他一起参加,然而,没有人感兴趣。由此可推测,对于同事们的反应,作者一开始可能会感到失望,故选C。
(　　)10.Why did the author contact the mental health services
A.Because he wanted to solve a conflict.
B.Because he struggled to conduct research.
C.Because he often made big mistakes in socialising.
D.Because he lacked confidence in a new environment.
√
答案及剖析:
10.D　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,作者联系心理健康服务机构是因为他在新环境中缺乏信心。故选D。
(　　)11.What happened during the concert
A.The author got the consultant’s help.
B.The author sang along with the strange audience.
C.The author met with a previous coworker.
D.The author connected a song with his research.
√
答案及剖析:
11.B　细节理解题。根据第三段的倒数第二句可知,音乐会期间作者和陌生观众一起唱歌。故选B。
(　　)12.What did the author do at last
A.He went to the conference alone.
B.He turned to experts for advice.
C.He took full charge of the lab.
D.He changed his professional interests.
√
答案及剖析:
12.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“So,when that conference...on my own—and I’m so glad I did.”可知,最后作者一个人去参加了那个会议。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
Did you know that Albert Einstein didn’t speak at all for the first 3 years of his life People thought he was lazy and unintelligent.But he never gave up and he pushed through adversity to become one of the most brilliant minds of all time.You don’t have to be a physics genius to overcome adversity in your own life,but it’s easy to feel overwhelmed sometimes.1.　　
D
A positive mind can make overcoming adversity easier.
2.　　　 While it’s true that you need to be realistic and see things clearly,if you view everything with a negative mind,you’ll only see the bad things.Push out pessimistic thoughts and attitudes so you can focus on finding ways to keep pushing through adversity.
C
3.　　　 It can help you give yourself feedback about your life,help you better understand your current situation,and help you think outside the box and find solutions to problems you’re dealing with.Try to spend a few minutes each day writing down whatever emotions,feelings,or thoughts come to mind.Write about things that were difficult or that you’re struggling with,so you can think about potential solutions.
B
Preparing yourself for adversity can make it easier to deal with.Adversity is pretty much necessary in life,especially if you’re working towards a big goal.The key is to keep pushing in the face of it.4.　　　 Expect to have to deal with setbacks and difficulties and keep faith that you can overcome any adversity that comes your way.
F
You can learn a lot from others about how to deal with adversity.Look to historical figures who survived and dealt with extraordinary adversity such as Helen Keller or Franklin Roosevelt.
You can also look around you at people in your life who have dealt with adversity,such as friends,family members,or colleagues.5.　　
G
A.Use adversity to learn and improve yourself.
B.Writing down your thoughts can help you stay focused.
C.Try to remain optimistic whenever you’re faced with a difficult situation.
D.There are some ideas you can use to find a better way to deal with adversity.
E.Emotions aren’t necessarily a bad thing,but they can make you unreasonable.
F.It’s safe to assume that you’re going to face some struggles,so mentally prepare for it.
G.Use their success stories as inspiration to help you keep pushing back against adversity.
语篇导读:本文是应用文。文章介绍了几种应对逆境的方法。
答案及剖析:
1.D　本文是总分结构,设空处位于第一段段尾,有承上启下的作用。根据上文“You don’t have to...feel overwhelmed sometimes.”及下文内容可知,文章接下来要叙述如何应对逆境,所以D项符合题意。故选D。
2.C　根据本段首句可知,本段主要讲述用积极的心态应对困境,所以C项符合上下文逻辑关系。故选C。
3.B　设空处位于段首,根据下文“Try to spend a few minutes...come to mind.”可知,本段讲述的是用记录的方法应对逆境,所以B项符合题意。故选B。
4.F　根据本段首句可知,本段讲述的是自身要做好应对逆境的准备;且设空处前一句也表明要面对逆境,所以F项符合题意。故选F。
5.G　设空处位于段尾,需要根据本段文意选择合适的选项。根据本段首句及下文内容可知,本段讲述的是用他人成功战胜逆境的故事激励自己,所以G项符合题意,G选项中的their指代的就是上面所提到的人。故选G。
Ⅲ.语法填空
It’s a little tough to teach kids perseverance and mental strength in the modern world.That is because technology allows for instant satisfaction and our digital devices offer an easy escape when things get tough.Kids have less 1.　　　　 (patient) than ever when things aren’t going their way.The good news is that perseverance is a skill that can 2.　　　　 (learn), even in the age of electronics.
patience
be learnt
Although there are many mental strength exercises
3.　 　　　 will teach your kids to stay the course, the Hero Effect is a fun and simple way to show kids they’re 4. 　
(strong) than they think.Telling your child 5.　　 　　 (pretend) to be a great hero in his eyes or another hardworking character could increase his ability to persevere, according 6.　 　 a study.
Identify one of your child’s favourite 7.　　　 　 (character) — make sure it’s someone who is hardworking.
that/which
stronger
to pretend
to
characters
Then, you can say, “Pretend to be your favourite character and do your work 8.　　　　 same way your favourite character would do it.” Check up on him regularly by 9.　　　 　 (ask), “How’s it going, hero ” You’ll probably find he’s able to perform better than usual.
the
asking
Each time your child 10.　　 　　 (successful) perseveres, he’ll build the mental strength he needs to do hard things.And the more confident he becomes, the more challenges he’ll tackle.
successfully
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章介绍了如何培养孩子的毅力和
意志力。
答案及剖析:
1.patience　考查名词。设空处由less修饰,且作动词have的宾语,应填不可数名词。故填patience。
2.be learnt　考查动词的时态和语态。分析可知,设空处为从句的谓语动词,learn与逻辑主语skill之间为动宾关系,应用被动语态,情态动词后应用“be+动词的过去分词”。故填be learnt。
3.that/which　考查定语从句。分析可知,mental strength exercises为先行词,在从句中作主语,为物,设空处可用关系代词that或which引导从句。故填that/which。
4.stronger　考查形容词的比较级。根据句意及后面的than可知,设空处应用形容词比较级。故填stronger。
5.to pretend　考查非谓语动词。分析可知,tell sb to do sth为固定搭配,意为“告诉某人做某事”。故填to pretend。
6.to　考查介词。此处考查介词短语according to,意为“根据;依据”,作状语。故填to。
7.characters　考查名词复数。根据“one of+名词复数”可知,设空处应填名词复数,故填characters。
8.the　考查冠词。分析可知,same应与定冠词the搭配,the same意为“相同的;同样的”。故填the。
9.asking　考查非谓语动词。分析可知,介词by后接动名词,作介词by的宾语。故用asking。
10.successfully　考查副词。设空处在谓语动词persevere前,应用副词,修饰动词。故填successfully。
谢 谢 观 看(共142张PPT)
Part 2
Using Language,Assessing Your Progress,Video Time
自主预习·课前清障
基础识记
阅读单词
1.navigator　　　 n.
2.episode n.
3.Confucianism n.
领航员;(飞机、船舶等上的)航行者
(人生的)一段经历;(小说的)片段;插曲
孔子学说;儒家(学说)
核心单词
1. n.发动机;马达
adj.有引擎的;机动车的
2. n.候选人;应试者
motor
candidate
运用词汇
1.rough adj.汹涌的;粗糙的;粗略的→ adv.粗糙地;概略地→ n.粗糙(度);粗暴;猛烈
2.loyal adj.忠诚的;忠实的→ adv.忠诚地;诚实地→
n.忠诚;忠心;忠实
3.commitment n.承诺;保证;奉献→ vt.& vi. 犯(错误或罪行);承诺;保证;忠于→ adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的
4.motive n.动机;原因;目的→ n.动机;积极性→
adj.有动机的;有积极性的
roughly
roughness
loyally
loyalty
commit
committed
motivation
motivated
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1. 在……之前
2. 如果……会怎样
3. (使)振作起来;(使)高兴起来
4. 生火
5. 放出(热、光、气味或气体)
ahead of
what if
cheer up
make fire
give off
6. 对……厌倦
7. 坚持做某事
8. 偿还;报答;还(钱)
be bored with
persevere in doing sth
pay back
重点句型
1.如果他们被耽搁了,那怎么办
they were delayed
2.没有什么比得上一顿好饭和一点儿音乐更能让我们振作起来了。
a good dinner and some music to cheer us up.
3.要不是有海洋动物,我们都得挨饿。
,we would all starve.
What if
There was nothing like
If it weren’t for sea animals
4.衣服穿得太多造成过热与衣服穿得太少造成过冷几乎是一样危险的。
It was almost from wearing too many clothes from wearing too few.
5.最终获救时,我们如释重负、欣喜不已,我们中的许多人都难掩泪水。
When we were finally rescued,we
many of us could not hide our tears.
as dangerous to become too hot
as to become too cold
felt such relief and joy that
学习理解·语篇解构
语篇导读·先行把握
1.主题语境:人与自我——做人与做事。
2.语篇类型:回忆录。
3.课文内容分析:
文章以“坚忍”号大厨的口吻生动地描绘了象岛上船员们的生活——这里饮用水短缺、生火困难、食物单一、天寒地冻以及由于燃烧动物脂肪产生黑烟,很多船员的眼睛和肺都被熏坏了。然而,就是在这样恶劣的自然环境下,22名船员的生活井然有序,他们尽力保持着积极的生活态度,凭借着对沙克尔顿的信任和牢固的团队精神,坚守了四个月,终于迎来救援的那一天。阅读本文,有利于培养学生面对困难永不放弃的精神及学生的团队精神。
多维解读·深度剖析
desperate
fire
sea
careful
tears
精研细读·深层理解
(　　)1.What did we know about the men when Shackleton and his boat left the island
A.They were confident and positive. B.They were worried and desperate.
C.They were sure of their future. D.They were not worried about him.
(　　)2.Which of the following can best describe Shackleton
A.He was a selfish man.
B.He was a mean man.
C.He was a generous man.
D.He was a man of his word.
√
√
(　　)3.What is the sailors’ attitude to Shackleton
A.Indifferent.
B.Sympathetic.
C.Grateful.
D.Negative.
√
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
1.But how could we make fire
可是我们怎么生火呢
◆make fire 生火
It was so cold in the room that he had to make fire to keep himself warm.
房间里太冷了,他不得不生火取暖。
The next minute,the porridge boiled over and put out the fire.
过了一分钟,粥煮沸了,把火熄灭了。
归纳拓展
be on fire着火(强调状态)
catch fire着火(强调动作)
set sth on fire =set fire to sth 放火;放火烧某物
put out the fire灭火
play with fire玩火;冒险
语境运用
(1)句子语法填空
①After a careful investigation,the police drew the conclusion that it was he himself that set his house 　　　　 fire.
②Rescuers were trying to reach them,but one of the cars
　　　　 (catch) fire.
on
caught
(2)翻译句子
③如果你想在野外露营,你应该学习如何生火。
④森林大火连续烧了3天才被扑灭。
If you want to go camping in the wild,you should learn how to make fire.
The forest had been on fire for three days before it was put out.
2.This gave off oily,black smoke,but it stayed burning even in strong winds.
这种燃料会产生油腻的黑烟,但它在强风中仍能保持燃烧。
★give off放出(热、光、气味或气体)
If plastic and rubber are burnt,they’ll give off poisonous gases.
塑料和橡胶如果被焚烧,就会放出有毒气体。
He gave away all his money to charities.
他把所有的钱都捐给了慈善机构。
The government gave out food and clothes to people who suffered a lot in the natural disaster.
政府向在自然灾害中遭受严重损失的人们分发了食物和衣服。
归纳拓展
give out 发出;放出(热、光等);分发;用完;耗尽
give in (to...) 屈服;投降;让步;勉强同意;交上
give back 归还;送回
give up 放弃;停止;认输
give away 泄露(秘密);捐赠;赠送;颁发(奖品等)
语境运用
(1)句子语法填空
①These fuels give 　　　　 heat when they burn.
②What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has given 　　　　
③You may come across many difficulties,but as long as you don’t give 　　　　,you can make progress.
off/out
out
in
(2)完成句子
④随着大学毕业的临近,学生会将举办一场活动,毕业生们将把他们用过的书送给他们的学弟学妹。
With graduation from university drawing near,the Student Association is to hold an activity where graduates will
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
give away their used books to their juniors
3.And he paid us back by his commitment to save us from a slow but painful death.
而他则用他的承诺回报了我们——把我们从缓慢而痛苦的死亡线上拯救回来。
★commitment n.承诺;保证;奉献
commit vt.犯(错误或罪行);承诺;保证
vi.忠于;全身心投入(工作、活动等)
committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的
The company made a commitment to quality.
该公司对质量做出承诺。
They are looking for someone with a real spirit of commitment to the job.
他们正在找一个对这一工作有奉献精神的人。
You don’t have to commit to anything over the phone.
你不用在电话里承诺什么。
归纳拓展
·make a commitment to sb/sth 对某人/物做出承诺
make a commitment to do sth 保证/承诺做某事
·commit ... to ... 在……投入……
commit sb/oneself to (doing) sth 承诺/保证某人/某人自己(做)某事
be committed to (doing) sth 承诺/全身心地投入(做)某事
语境运用
(1)句子语法填空
①The young man committed 　　　 　 (him) to the study of plants.
②He failed the mid-term exam,so he made a commitment
　　 　　(study) hard later.
③I was impressed by the energy and 　 　　 　(commit) shown by the players.
himself
to study
commitment
(2)完成句子
④只有你致力于在线学习,你才能成为聪明的在线学习者。
Only if 　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　 can you become a smart online learner.
you are committed to online learning
重点句式
If it weren’t for sea animals,we would all starve.
要不是有海洋生物,我们都得挨饿。
★本句是虚拟语气,从句谓语动词用了were,主句谓语动词用了“would+动词原形”。
If I lived near my office,I would walk to work.
如果我住在办公室附近,我就会步行去上班。(与现在事实相反)
If I lived near my office,I would walk to work.
如果我住在办公室附近,我就会步行去上班。(与现在事实相反)
If I had not explored the wild forest with the experienced adventurer,I wouldn’t have known so many plants that I hadn’t heard of before.
如果我没有和这位有经验的冒险家一起去野外探险,我就不会知道这么多我以前没有听说过的植物。(与过去事实相反)
If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the sports meeting.
如果明天下雨的话,我们就得推迟运动会。(与将来事实可能相反)
归纳拓展
温馨提示
在if 引导的虚拟条件句中,如果谓语动词中含有were、should、had时,可以省略if,把它们提到主语前面,条件从句变为部分倒装句。
语境运用
(1)完成句子
①　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　(如果没有志愿者的努力),our lake would not be so clean.
②If you had arrived a little earlier,you 　　　　　　　　　　 (就见到她了).
③If we 　　　　　　　　　 　　 　 (误了这趟火车),we should have to wait for an hour at the station.
If there were not the volunteers’ efforts
would have seen her
missed/should miss/were to miss the train
(2)句型转换
④If he should give up the opportunity to improve himself,he would regret sooner or later.
→　 ,
he would regret sooner or later.
⑤If I had known your telephone number yesterday, I would have telephoned you.
→　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　, I would have telephoned you.
Should he give up the opportunity to improve himself
Had I known your telephone number yesterday
进阶提升·写作微练
人物心理描写(积极、自信)
常用词汇
一、课文词汇
1.cheer up (使)振作起来;(使)高兴起来
2.keep optimistic保持乐观
3.in a positive and successful way以一种积极、成功的方式
4.relief and joy宽慰和快乐
5.optimism and faith乐观和信任
二、补充词汇
6.be wild with joy欣喜若狂
7.in cheerful spirits心情愉快
8.a satisfied look满意的表情
9.be delighted at对……感到很高兴
10.jump for joy高兴得跳起来
11.tears of happiness flowing down流下幸福的泪水
12.brighten one’s heart 使某人心情愉快
13.be in high spirits 情绪高涨
14.can hardly conceal one’s excitement几乎无法掩饰兴奋
15.a mixture of excitement and delight既兴奋又开心
常用句型
一、课本原句
1.There was nothing like a good dinner and some music to cheer us up.
没有什么比得上一顿好饭和一点儿音乐更能让我们振作起来了。
2.Our discipline and team spirit kept us optimistic and helped us deal with our fears in a positive and successful way.
纪律和团队精神使我们保持乐观,并帮助我们以一种积极、成功的方式应对恐惧。
3.When we were finally rescued,we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears.
最终获救时,我们如释重负、欣喜不已,我们中的许多人都难掩泪水。
4.Our optimism and faith in Shackleton had helped us persevere in staying alive.
我们的乐观和对沙克尔顿的信任让我们顽强地活了下来。
二、其他表达
5.Only being strong and optimistic,can one go through difficulties.
一个人只有坚强和乐观,才能渡过难关。
6.Everyone rejoiced at the news of his safe return.
听到他平安归来的消息,大家都很高兴。
7.Smiles are dancing in his eyes./ Her eyes danced with joy and happiness.
微笑在他的眼中舞动。/ 她的眼睛里跳动着喜悦和幸福。
8.Hearing this,everybody was wild with joy.
听了这话,大家都欣喜若狂。
9.I laughed out loud/laughed heartily when I saw that funny video.
当我看到那个有趣的视频时,我笑得很大声/开心。
10.Bathed in sunshine,we all cheered and jumped for joy.
沐浴在阳光下,我们都欢呼雀跃。
11.His eyes twinkle with pleasure every time he remembers last winter.
每当他想起去年冬天,就喜上眉梢。
12.When the mother kissed the baby on the cheek,his bright smile lit up the room.
当母亲亲吻婴儿的脸颊时,他灿烂的笑容照亮了整个房间。
微写作训练
1.他一看见娜塔莎,脸上就露出喜色。他甚至感到微笑在自己的眼睛里舞动。但是,娜塔莎径直从他身边走过,来到了操场,向足球教练献上了一束鲜花。
教练正在开怀大笑,因为他的球队刚刚赢得了联赛冠军。
　
　
　
　
As soon as he saw Natasha,his face beamed with delight.He even felt smiles were dancing in his eyes.However,Natasha just walked straight past him to the playground and presented a bunch of flowers to the football coach,who was laughing heartily because his team just won the league champion.
2.为了庆祝国庆节,我们班组织了一次郊游。当消息公布时,全班同学都欣喜若狂。我们在郊游中度过了一段美好的时光。中午野餐的时候,我们的班主任告诉了我们一些好消息,这给我们带来了兴奋和喜悦。
　
　
　
　
To celebrate National Day,our class organised an outing.When it was announced,all the class were wild with joy.We spent a wonderful time in the outing.While we had picnic at noon,our head teacher told us some good news,which brought us a mixture of excitement and delight.
写作专项指导
文本解读
文体类型:随笔,是散文的一个分支,议论文的一种变体,兼有叙事、抒情及评论的功能,篇幅短小。
Write an essay about Shackleton and his men on Endurance
思路指引
实用表达
1.首段常用句式。
This is a novel by the English author...
I have read the book entitled...
My favourite book is...
2.中段常用句式。
The author described that...
The story ends with...
The story is based on...
Once upon a time,there was a...
Unfortunately,they were stuck in the...
They were very brave in face of...
They never gave up and...
Later,they managed to do...
3.尾段常用句式。
Those who have read the book think highly of it.
After it was published,it became famous all over the world.
I suggest you going to see it.I believe you will like it.
I learn from this story that...
My point of view towards...is...
佳作建构
假设你是李华,请你结合本单元提供的两篇航海备忘录用英语写一篇随笔,介绍沙克尔顿和他的船员们去南极探险的故事。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
审题谋篇
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1.　　 　　 adj.严寒的;激烈而不愉快的;味苦的
2.　　 　　 n.探险;远征;探险队
3.　　　 　 n.忍耐力;耐久力
4.　　　 　 adj.热情的;热心的
5.　　　　 vi.沉没;下沉;下降
vt.使下沉;使沉没
6.　 　　　 vt.舍弃;抛弃;放弃
bitter
expedition
endurance
enthusiastic
sink
abandon　
7.　　　　 n.炉具;厨房灶具
8.　　 　　 n.毯子
9.　 　　　 n.[pl.] 财物;动产
10.　　 　　 adj.痛苦的;令人难受的
11.　 　　　 n.毅力;韧性;不屈不挠的精神
12.　　　　 n.(轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员;专业团队;
一群人
13.　　 　　 adv.不幸地;遗憾地
14.　　　　 adj.忠诚的;忠实的
stove
blanket
belongings
miserable
perseverance
crew
unfortunately
loyal
Ⅱ.巧用本单元句式、语法
1.故事发生在1914年,沙克尔顿和他热情的船员们开始了南极探险。
The story happened in 1914 when Shackleton and
began 　　　　　　　 to Antarctica.
2.当他们接近南极洲时,不幸的是,他们的船“坚忍”号在冰面上沉没,他们不得不弃船逃到了大象岛上。
As they approached Antarctica,　　 　 　,their ship,with the name Endurance,　　　　　　 　 and they had to 　
and escaped to Elephant Island.
his enthusiastic crew
an expedition
unfortunately
sank on the ice
abandon it
3.他们扔掉了大部分物品,只带走了基本用品,如炊具和毯子。
They threw away 　　　　　　　 　 and only took essential supplies,such as 　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　.
4.由于没有任何获救的机会,沙克尔顿带着五名忠诚的船员冒险走了1 300多千米去寻求帮助。旅途非常残酷。
As there wasn’t any chance of being rescued,Shackleton ventured more than 1,300 kilometres with five of his loyal men to search for help. 　　　　　　　　　　　.
most belongings
the cook stove and blankets
It was very cruel
5.尽管他们陷入了恐慌,也有许多困难,全体人员设法活了下来。
Although 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　,
the crew managed to survive.
6.我被他们的耐力和毅力所感动,这个故事激励我要更加勇敢地面对困难。
I’m moved by 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 and this story has inspired me to face difficulties more bravely.
they got into a panic and there were many difficulties
their endurance and perseverance
1.将第2句改为过去分词作定语。
As they approached Antarctica,unfortunately,their ship,named Endurance,sank on the ice and they had to abandon it and escaped to Elephant Island.
亮点提升
2.将第3句改为现在分词作状语。
They threw away most belongings,only taking essential supplies,
such as the cook stove and blankets.
3.将第4句改为定语从句。
As there wasn’t any chance of being rescued,Shackleton ventured more than 1,300 kilometres with five of his loyal men to search for help,which was very cruel.
4.将第6句改为过去分词作状语。
Moved by their endurance and perseverance,I was inspired to face difficulties more bravely.
The story happened in 1914 when Shackleton and his enthusiastic crew began an expedition to Antarctica.After more than 700 bitter days of adventure,he and his men returned safely.
范文展示
As they approached Antarctica,unfortunately,their ship,named Endurance,sank on the ice and they had to abandon it and escaped to Elephant Island.They threw away most belongings,only taking essential supplies,such as the cook stove and blankets.As there wasn’t any chance of being rescued,Shackleton ventured more than 1,300 kilometres with five of his loyal men to search for help,which was very cruel.This is Shackleton,a responsible leader with great perseverance.
Moved by their endurance and perseverance,I was inspired to face difficulties more bravely.Whatever difficulties we meet,never should we give up.
写作练习
你校正在举办“英语读书周”活动,要求学生们介绍一本自己喜欢的书并评论。假设你喜欢的书是《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》(The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn),请你根据下列提示用英语写一篇书评。要点如下:
1.《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》的作者是美国现实主义作家马克·吐温(Mark Twain),他成长于密西西比河(the Mississippi River)河畔;
2.这部小说讲述了哈克贝利·费恩从家中逃走,和吉姆(Jim)在密西西比河流浪的故事;
3.哈克贝利·费恩遇见的人物来自社会各个阶层,因此这部小说生动地反映了当时的社会情况;
4.《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》是美国文学史上一部伟大的作品。
参考词语:realist writer现实主义作家。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
　
　
写作指导
　　One possible version:
My favourite book is The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.It is a novel written by Mark Twain,an American realist writer,who grew up on the Mississippi River.
The book tells the story of Huckleberry Finn and Jim wandering along the Mississippi River.Finn runs away from home and later he meets Jim.Then they experience drifting on a raft,escaping from pursuers,etc.If they didn’t meet each other,there wouldn’t be such extraordinary things later on.With the people Finn meets from all walks of life,the novel vividly reflects the society at that time.
Generally speaking,The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a great novel in the history of American literature.
重点知识回顾
Ⅰ.重点讲义回顾
1.turn down 拒绝(提议、建议或提议人);把……调低;关小
①接通(电流、煤气、水等);打开
②结果是,证明是;生产;出席(某项活动);在场
③向……求助;转向;翻到
④要求每个参与者8点前到场。(应用文)
　
turn on
turn out
turn to
Every participant is required to turn up before 8 o’clock.
2.qualified adj.符合资格;具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)
vt.&vi.(使)具备资格;(使)合格
n.资格;资历
①有资格获得某物;能胜任某事 be qualified sth
②有资格做某事be qualified sth
③使某人有资格成为…… qualify sb ...
④欢迎所有符合条件和感兴趣的同学参加。(应用文)
　
qualify
qualification
for
to do
as
All the students qualified and interested are welcome to participate.
3.enthusiastic adj.热情的;热心的
adv.热情地;热心地
n.热情;热心
①热情地 enthusiasm=enthusiastically
②充满对……的热情 be full of enthusiasm ...
③西蒙(Simon)对科学充满热情,一直梦想成为一名科学家。(应用文)
　
　
enthusiastically
enthusiasm
with
for
Simon is enthusiastic about science and dreams of becoming a scientist all the time.
4.assign vt.分派;布置;分配
n.分配;任务;作业
①给某人布置/分派某事assign sb sth=assign sth sb
②布置/分派某人做某事 assign sb sth
③被指派/被分配给…… be assigned sb/sth
assignment
to
to do
to
5.envy n.& vt.羡慕;妒忌
①羡慕/妒忌某人做某事envy sb sth
②羡慕地;嫉妒地
③羡慕/妒忌…… be envious ...
④出于妒忌,他打破了妹妹的玻璃玩具,很快就后悔了,但是却没敢承认错误。(读后续写)
　
　
doing
with envy
of
He broke his sister’s glass toy out of envy and regretted having done it shortly.However,he didn’t dare to admit his mistake.
6.abandon vt.舍弃;抛弃;放弃 n.放纵
adj.被抛弃的;废弃的;放纵的
①沉湎于某事;陷入(某种情感) abandon oneself ...
②恣意地;放纵地
③由于天气不好,我们的运动会取消了。(应用文)
　
abandoned
to
with abandon
The sports meeting had to be abandoned due to bad weather.
7.give off放出(热、光、气味或气体)
①泄露(秘密);捐赠;赠送;颁发(奖品等)
②发出;放出(热、光等);分发;用完;耗尽
③放弃;停止;认输
④归还;送回
⑤小鸟儿在枝头唱歌,许多花朵都散发着芳香。(读后续写)
　
　
give away
give out
give up
give back
The birds are singing in the branches and many flowers give off a nice smell.
8.commitment n.承诺;保证;奉献
vt.犯(错误或罪行);承诺;保证
vi.忠于;全身心投入(工作、活动等)
adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的
①对某人/物做出承诺make a commitment sb/sth
②在……投入…… commit... ...
③承诺/全身心地投入(做)某事
commit
committed
to
to
be committed to(doing) sth
Ⅱ.重点句型回顾
1.我们来到此处不久之后,沙克尔顿就离开我们,前往1 320千米之外的南乔治亚岛寻求帮助——这一航行对于我们所有人而言太危险、太艰难了,仅靠这艘小船,肯定无法让每个人都脱险。
Soon after we arrived,Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island,1,320 kilometres away—the voyage was
in our small boats.
too
dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it
句式仿写
站在舞台上,刚开始他太紧张了,一句话也说不出来。
　
Standing on the platform,he was too nervous to say a word at first.
2.如果他们被耽搁了,那怎么办
they were delayed
句式仿写
要是老师发现你没完成家庭作业会怎么样呢
　 　
What if
What if the teacher finds out that you haven’t finished your homework
3.要不是有海洋生物,我们都得挨饿。
,we would all starve.
句式仿写
如果牛顿生活在现在,科技领域的发现会令他吃惊。
　 　
If it weren’t for sea animals
If Newton lived today,he would be surprised by what has been discovered in science and technology.
Ⅲ.重点语法回顾
1.现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某时开始,一直延续到现在,将来还可能延续下去,强调动作的 性。
2.现在完成进行时表示不久前刚刚结束的动作。这种意义通常根据 来判断。
3.现在完成进行时表示从过去某时开始到现在这一段时间内动作
发生。
延续
上下文
一再重复
4.现在完成进行时常与 、 、 、
、“since+时间点或从句”“for+一段时间”等表示一段时间的状语连用。
5.现在完成进行时有时含有 ;现在完成时一般表示平铺直叙。
all the time
all night
感彩
all the morning
these days
课时作业
基础进阶·情境运用
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Parts of the 　　 　　 (发动机) wore out because of constant usage.
2.He seems a most unlikely 　　 　　 (应试者) for the job.
3.It makes you want to watch the next 　　 　　 (片段;插曲) to find out what’s going to happen.
motor
candidate
episode
4.The hospital has a 　　　　 (承诺) to provide the best possible medical care.
5.I put it to you that you are the only person who had a 　
(动机) for the crime.
6.　 　　　 (儒家学说)is the largest Chinese school of thoughts, and the mainstream consciousness of the ancient China.
commitment
motive
Confucianism
Ⅱ.语境填词
1.For over thirty years,she has served the company 　　　　 (loyal) and well.
2.It was difficult to decide between the two 　　 　　 (candidate).
3.A career as a doctor requires one hundred percent 　
(commit).
4.Without 　　　 　 (motivate),you can neither set a goal nor reach it.
loyally
candidates
commitment
motivation
5.The new bridge has been finished two years ahead 　　schedule.
6.This kind of food gave 　　 　　 an unbearable odour (气味).
7.　 　 it were necessary,I might leave the office for a few minutes.
8.This would encourage us all to see life 　　　 　 a more positive way.
of
off　
If
in
9.The doctor said that she should not eat anything too 　　 (oil).
10.One of the funniest 　　 　　 (episode) in the book occurs in Chapter 6.
oily
episodes
Ⅲ.情境写作
1.当我转过身来时,我看到了一个正在生火的老人。(make fire)
When I turned around,I saw an old man who was making fire.
2.我必须找出角落里到底是什么东西发出这么讨厌的气味。
(give off)
I must find out what is giving off so terrible a smell in the corner.
3.要是她忘记带伞,该怎么办 (What if)
What if she forgets to bring the umbrella
4.他们承诺要让学生开阔视野,开心学习。(make a commitment to do sth)
They make a commitment to have students broaden their horizons and study happily.
5.要是我早一点儿去接他,他就不用走那么远的路了。(if引导虚拟条件句)
If I had picked him up earlier,he wouldn’t have had to walk so far.
Ⅳ.句子语法填空
1.She 　　　 　 (coach) beginners to practise since she joined the dance club last year.
2.The telephone 　 　 　　 (ring) in the office all the morning.
3.To realise his dream, he 　　 　　 (work) hard for several years.
has been coaching
has been ringing
has worked/has been working
4.In the past few years,he 　　 　　 (deal) with a few international companies.
5.We 　 　　　 (advertise) in all the local papers for a nurse-companion,but with no result to date.
has been dealing
have been advertising
话题延伸·素养升华
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
I believe that having a voice in something you put effort into will build you into a stronger person.All the time, I have grown as the one only willing to help others.
When I was in high school, I grew tired of the same routine daily, and wanted to be given a challenge.At the beginning of my fresh year, I was selected to be a drum major for the school band.A drum major is the leader of the marching band during rehearsals
(排练) and in performances.But I did not know how to take on the actual job for the first time.So I watched many videos on how to act better, though I couldn’t do it very well.
One day, the band was rehearsing again, but no one had memorised their music.Frustrated that the music was just so-so, I lost my temper and then opened my mouth, saying how unacceptable it was because we had been ranked in first place as the best marching band.The moment I had finished my speech on how we should focus better, all jaws were dropped.Even I was surprised: It was the first time that I had opened my mouth about something I cared about.To my surprise, I developed even stronger relationships with people who wanted to follow my footsteps.
In my last two years of high school, I became known as one full of confidence in any situation.I was the first one to volunteer and the happy one to lend a hand.I learnt to have a voice by being chosen to lead the marching band and became stronger through losing and making new connections.And I somehow influenced some of my friends to become a better person.
语篇导读:本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在高中时期想要挑战自我,参加了学校乐队,并在排练中大胆表达自己的想法的事情。
(　　)1.What can we know about the author while being in high school
A.The author had a desire for a different life.
B.The author got tired of helping other people.
C.The author found it easy to be a drum major.
D.The author felt it frustrating to lose his temper.
√
答案及剖析:
1.A　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可推测,作者刚上高中时,渴望挑战和之前不一样的生活。故选A。
(　　)2.What’s the general response to the author’s fierce words about the music
A.Shock. B.Admiration.
C.Envy. D.Confidence.
√
答案及剖析:
2.A　细节理解题。根据第三段的“Frustrated that the music...about something I cared about.”可知,大家对作者关于音乐的言辞感到惊讶。故选A。
(　　)3.Which of the following can best describe the author
A.Modest and cautious.
B.Considerate and decent.
C.Outgoing and optimistic.
D.Hardworking and confident.
√
答案及剖析:
3.D　推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可知,作者在练习音乐时是勤奋的;根据最后一段的“In my last two years ... and making new connections.”可知,作者变得十分自信。故选D。
(　　)4.What is the best title for the text
A.Learn to Help Others
B.Learn to Have a Voice
C.Build up Relationships
D.Respond to Challenges
√
答案及剖析:
4.B　标题归纳题。根据第一段第一句和最后一段中的“I learnt to have a voice ... and making new connections.”可知,作者认为,在自己重视而且为之努力的事情上,要敢于表达,这会使我们更强大。由此可知,B项概括全文,最适合作文章标题。故选B。
B
Do you compare yourself with other people Perhaps your best friend receives something you really want, or you’re not allowed to go to a concert but your brother or sister is.Even though comparisons are common and can sometimes be helpful, focusing on your own progress is important for your happiness.
“We often compare ourselves to others who are doing better or not as well as ourselves,” says Dr Jack. “But I suggest comparing yourself with your past self and your future self.This can make you feel proud of what you’ve achieved and excited about what you might do.Focusing on your own purposes is more worthwhile than always trying to come out on top.”
Comparing yourself with those around you is natural and we often do it without realising it.It can help us to be clear about our achievements and to form friendships with new people who have similar interests.However, it’s important to remember that nobody is perfect in real life.It’s also important to take note of how the comparison is making you feel.“If you begin to feel quite low, focus on your own strengths,”says Jack.In other words, you can ask yourself questions like “What can I do well in ”, which can help you trust yourself.
Maybe here you are wondering “What if all my friends are better than me ” Dr White says that jealousy (忌妒心) is not bad but focusing on bettering your own work can help you feel just as successful.He also mentions that learning to celebrate your friends’ success can not only help to cheer your friends up but also help you feel good.It will encourage you to build each other up.
语篇导读:本文是议论文。作者认为我们应该关注自己的进步,阐述了拿自己与过去和未来的自己做比较的好处以及如何对待别人的成功。
(　　)5.What does the writer tell us in Paragraph 1
A.We should compare with others.
B.We should share things with brothers.
C.We should enjoy concerts with sisters.
D.We should focus on our own progress.
√
答案及剖析:
5.D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,作者认为我们应该关注自己的进步。故选D。
(　　)6.Why should you compare yourself with your past self
A.To care about others.
B.To change your purposes.
C.To increase your excitement.
D.To be proud of your achievements.
√
答案及剖析:
6.D　细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知,把自己与过去的自己比较,可以让自己对所取得的成就感到自豪。故选D。
(　　)7.What does Dr White suggest
A.Trusting your friends.
B.Cheering for tiny success.
C.Celebrating others’ success.
D.Forming a deep friendship.
√
答案及剖析:
7.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知,White博士建议要学会庆祝别人的成功,这不仅会让朋友高兴,也会让自己感觉不错。故选C。
(　　)8.What would be the best title for the passage
A.Plan Your Own Future
B.Enjoy Your Own Happiness
C.Run Your Own Race
D.Follow Your Own Dream
√
答案及剖析:
8.C　标题归纳题。根据第一段最后一句可知,作者认为我们应该关注自己的进步;再结合第二段第二句以及下文阐述的拿自己与过去和未来的自己做比较的好处可知,作者主要阐述不要和别人比较,要专注于自己的进步和目标,所以C项可以概括全文,适合作文章标题。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Howard walked across the vast desert planning to walk through it for one month. Twenty 　1　 passed,the journey had been so 　2　 and it seemed that he had enough food and water to finish it.
“I’ll be able to walk out of this 　3　, ” he thought gladly.But the desert never cared for travellers.Before this idea could disappear, the sandstorm had arrived suddenly.He hurriedly
　4　 his head with the clothes, lying on the sand.After about ten minutes, the sandstorm stopped.When he shook the clothes and stood up, he found a horrible thing: The back bag 　5　 with food and water was swept away by the 　6　.
Now, he only had a(n) 　7　 left.He held it in his hands tightly.“Oh, not too bad,at least I have a pear,” he thought to himself, determined to walk out of the desert.
One day and one night passed quickly , but the desert still seemed to have no end, and hunger, thirst and 　8　 of death followed Howard closely. 　9　, each time he wanted to 　10　, he forced himself to stare at the pear that he had been 　11　, “Not too bad, at least I have a pear.”
The small pear became the 　12　for his survival and the source of his courage.Three days later, when he saw a village not far away, he fell onto the ground, but after all, he walked out of the desert and 　13　 as well.
To keep hope is one of the best ways to achieve 　14　, so never tell yourself “　15　 left”,because as long as you try to search, you can always find that “pear” to pull you through.
语篇导读:本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了Howard在沙漠中遭遇沙尘暴之后失去了他的食物和水,他将唯一剩下的一个梨视作希望,最后成功走出沙漠存活下来的故事。
[文章脉络]
(　　)1.A.years B.months
C.weeks D.days
√
答案及剖析:
1.D　根据前文planning to walk through it for one month可知,计划一个月完成旅行,此处已经过了20天(days)。故选D。
(　　)2.A.smooth B.hopeless
C.impossible D.terrible
√
答案及剖析:
2.A　根据“...he had enough food and water to finish it.”可知,20天内,旅行很顺利(smooth)。故选A。
(　　)3.A.forest B.desert
C.garden D.village
√
答案及剖析:
3.B　根据文章第一句中的the vast desert可知,Howard认为自己可以走出这片沙漠(desert)。故选B。
(　　)4.A.sewed B.covered
C.matched D.cleaned
√
答案及剖析:
4.B　根据语境可知,此处是说沙尘暴来了,Howard用衣服覆盖(covered)住头。故选B。
(　　)5.A.tied B.put
C.pulled D.equipped
√
答案及剖析:
5.D　此处是说沙尘暴过后,Howard发现装有(equipped)食物和水的背包不见了。故选D。
(　　)6.A.rain B.fog
C.sandstorm D.snowstorm
√
答案及剖析:
6.C　此处指装有食物和水的背包被沙尘暴(sandstorm)卷走了。故选C。
(　　)7.A.apple B.pear
C.orange D.banana
√
答案及剖析:
7.B　根据下文“at least I have a pear”可知,Howard只剩下了一个梨(pear)。故选B。
(　　)8.A.shock B.joy
C.fear D.excitement
√
答案及剖析:
8.C　此处是说 Howard 被饥饿、干渴和害怕(fear)死亡的恐惧笼罩着。故选C。
(　　)9.A.Altogether B.Besides
C.Therefore D.However
√
答案及剖析:
9.D　设空处上文描述Howard遭遇的困境,设空处后的“Not too bad, at least I have a pear.”可以看出,Howard仍然在坚持找出路,前后为转折关系。故选D。
(　　)10.A.stand up B.look up
C.give up D.put up
√
答案及剖析:
10.C　此处指Howard在沙漠中一次次想要放弃(give up)时,都会盯着这个梨。故选C。
(　　)11.A.eating B.cooking
C.watching D.keeping
√
答案及剖析:
11.D　根据“Not too bad, at least I have a pear.”可知,Howard一直保存(keeping)着这个梨。故选D。
(　　)12.A.sadness B.injury
C.hope D.interest
√
答案及剖析:
12.C　此处是说这个梨成为Howard生存的希望(hope)和勇气的来源。故选C。
(　　)13.A.died B.survived
C.breathed D.coughed
√
答案及剖析:
13.B　根据前文walked out of the desert可知,最终,Howard存活(survived)下来了。故选B。
(　　)14.A.success B.failure
C.agreement D.experience
√
答案及剖析:
14.A　根据语境可知,Howard保存着梨,将其看作走出沙漠的希望,最后成功(success)了。故选A。
(　　)15.A.everything B.anything
C.something D.nothing
√
答案及剖析:
15.D　Howard将留下来的梨看作希望,因此可推断,想要获得成功,永远都不要告诉自己“一无所有(nothing left)”,要保持希望。故选D。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
你校英文报正开展关于“Courage and Determination”的征文活动,请你结合自己的经历,用英语写一篇短文投稿,讲述你成长过程中关于勇气与毅力的故事。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
　
　
[写作指导]
One possible version:
I will never forget the first time when I learnt how to ride a bike.At the beginning, with Dad holding the back of the bike, I rode happily and safely.After some time, Dad told me he would let go of the bike and that I should ride independently.Though scared, I took a deep breath and gave it a try.It was not easy.After several attempts, I finally rode the bike steadily.At that moment, I felt like I was flying.
Whenever I meet with difficulties, this experience inspires me to be brave and determined so that I can achieve everything.
谢 谢 观 看

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