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人教版八 年级 英语 科目课堂教学设计
课题 Unit2 Grammar Focus (3a-3c) 时间 教师 二次备课
教学目标： 听/读:能听懂、读懂有关请求与许可的对话。说:能在真实或模拟的生活情境中运用Can/Could you... 和Can/Could I.. 进行有效、得体的口语交流。写:能编写相关主题的简短对话。 2.掌握并运用情态动词can和could进行礼貌的请求(Make politerequests)和征求许可(Ask for permission)。 3.理解并运用与家务、社区活动相关的核心短语，如: sweep the floor,hang up the photos, take out the rubbish, walk the dog, take notes, cleanup the community等
教学重点难点： 重点:理解并正确运用Can/Could you... (提出请求)和Can/Could I... (征求许可)的句型结构及其肯定与香定回答。 难点：引导学生在不同的真实生活场景中区分并使用这两种句型，并注意使 用could时更为委婉礼貌的语气。
教 学 过 程 设 计 Lead-in Brainstorm Continue the topic at the end of the last lesson.The teacher asks students to brainstorm the chores Peter and his family have to do after Peter's friends' visit to the new house.The teacher can use some pictures about a messy house after party to elicit the related phrases. Teaching Tip：The teacher can use the following words as introductory sentences：Peter and his friends had great fun in the new house.After his friends left，the house seemed a little messy. Tell students that Peter is too tired to do all the chores,so he needs help.Ask students to make up conversations using can/could between Peter and his family in pairs.The teacher can provide a sample conversation to help them. Explore the Grammar 3a Have students read the sentences in the table and translate the meanings.For questions, guide students to notice the difference of “Could/Can you…？” and “Could/Can I…？”．The teacher can use the following questions as prompts： ◆What's the situation when we use “Could/Can you…？” ◆What's the situation when we use “Could/Can I…？” Guide students to draw the conclusion that “Could/Can you…？” is for making requests and “Could/Can I…？” is for asking for permission.Then ask students to write R for requests or P for permission next to each question. Have students perceive the difference of can and could in the sentence patterns and ask them which sounds more polite. Let students notice the answers and elicit more possible answers for each question.Remind them to pay attention to the appropriateness of the language. Grammar Rules ◆表达请求的句型： Can you＋动词原形＋…？用于向对方提出请求，语气较为直接，适合用于非正式场合或熟悉的人之间。例如： Can you help me with my homework Can you pass me the salt Could you (please)＋动词原形＋…？用于向对方提出请求，语气比 Can you…？更委婉、更礼貌，适合用于正式场合或不熟悉的人之间。例如： Could you please speak more slowly Could you tell me the way to the station ◆表达请求的句型的回答： 肯定回答：Yes，sure./Of course./Certainly./Sure./No problem./Yes，I can./… 否定回答：Sorry，I can't.I have to…/I'm afraid I can't.I have to…/I'm afraid not./… [注意]对于Could you…？表达请求的回答，均不能用could。 ◆征求允许的句型： Can I＋动词原形＋…？用于征求对方的允许，语气较为直接，适合用于非正式场合或熟悉的人之间。例如： Can I borrow your book Can I use your phone Could I＋动词原形＋…？用于征求对方的允许，语气比 Can I…？更委婉、更礼貌，适合用于正式场合或不熟悉的人之间。例如： Could I have a cup of coffee Could I hang out with my friends this weekend ◆征求允许的句型的回答： 肯定回答：Yes，please./Of course you can./Certainly./Sure./Yes，you can./… 否定回答：Sorry，you can't./I'm afraid you can't./No，you can't.You have to…/… [注意]对于Could I…？征求允许的回答，均不能用could。 Grammar Exercises 3b Ask students to read the four questions and identify which ones are requests and which ones are asking for permission.Have students complete the conversations with correct questions. 2.Have students work in pairs to check answers.Then ask some pairs to share their answers by role playing the conversations. 3c Have students read the instruction and make sure they get the meaning.The teacher can remind them to read the example to help understand the instruction.For weak level students，the teacher can explain the meaning of the word “setting”． Ask students to read the settings and figure out if they need to make requests or ask for permission.Invite some students to share their answers in class. Have students work in groups to make up conversations.Invite some groups to role play their conversations in class. Teaching Tip：For high level groups，the teacher can encourage them to make up different conversations based on a setting.Students can also add more details to the conversations. 4.If there is enough time，the teacher can encourage students to brainstorm the settings themselves and ask their partners to make up conversations according to the settings. 语言点精讲 1.情态动词can / could的其他用法 情态动词could 为 can的过去式，可以表示能力，表示可能性和建议。l)表示能力 例如:Can you speak English 你会说英语吗 When I was five, I could swim like a fish.我五岁时游泳游得像条鱼一样好。(could 是can的过去式) 表示可能性，指对过去、现在或将来的某种可能的推测。 The book could be Lily's because she likes reading books. 那本书可能是莉莉的，因为她喜欢看书。 3)对平级或晚辈可用can，快速给出建议; 对上级、长辈或需要体现礼貌时用could，避免显得生硬。we can eat in a restaurant this evening.今晚我们可以在餐馆吃饭。用can提出直接建议（常用于口语，语气较随意) Maybe I could give you a lift to the supermarket.也许我可以让你搭我的车去超市。 You could try reading the instructions before starting.你可以试着在开始前先读一下说明书。用could提出委婉建议（语气更礼貌、含蓄，适合正式或陌生场景) Can I stay out until eleven 我能在外面待到11点吗 until/An'til/prep.到......时;直到......为止 (1)[介词]到.......时;直到......为止 not. until..意为“直到......才.......”，常与非延续性动词连用,表示动作直到until所表示的时间才发生。 They didn't have a car until last year. 他们直到去年才有一辆汽车。 (2)[连词]到......时;直到......为止 引导时间状语从句,表示动作或状态的延续。也可用于not...until...结构。 You will never truly understand your parents' great love until you grow up. 直到你长大后,你才会真正理解父母伟大的爱。 You want to call your parents, but your phone is dead. 你想给你的父母打电话,但你的电许没电了。 dead /ded/ adj．不运行的;死的 （1 )[形容词](因为缺电）不运行的My phone went dead, so I need to charge it.我的手机没电了，所以我需要给它充电。 (2)[形容词]死的﹐在句中作定语或表语。the dead 死者 There were dead leaves on the ground after the strong wind. 大风过后枯叶落了一地。 l'm afraid he is dead.恐怕他已经去世了。 【拓】与dead相关的其他单词: die [不及物动词]死亡，其过去式和过去分词均为 died,现在分词为 dying。是短暂性动词，不能与时间段连用。die of/from“死于” death[名词]死亡 dying[形容词]垂死的;临死的只能作前置定语。 【语境串记】 He has been dead for two years.He died of cancer. We were very sad about his death. 他已经去世两年了。他死于癌症。我们为他的去世感到很难过 4.Could you give me a ride to town now give sb a ride (to sp.)给某人搭便车，送某人去某地今天早上我起晚了，爸爸开车送我去学校。 My dad gave me a ride to school this morning because I got up late.你能载我去图书馆吗 走路太远了。 Could you give me a ride to the library It 's too far to walk. 5.Yes, if you are careful with it. be careful with 注意;当心— be careful of/about. Please be careful with my car. You should be careful of your spelling. —拓展1be careful (not） to do sth当心/注意（不要）做某事 Be careful not to wake the baby. be careful that +从句当心 ...… You must be careful that you don't catch a cold. 课堂小结 请学生总结本节课所学内容。
作业布置： 完成配套练习册中的相关习题。 教学反思及作业反馈： 存在问题： （2） 解决办法：

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