资源简介

(共81张PPT)
考点一 考查环境保护类词汇
考点二 考查科学探索类词汇
考点三 考查社会体育艺术类词汇
考点四 考查人物观点态度类词汇
析·考情精解
01
构·知能架构
02
破·考点攻坚
03
剖析考情动向 精研考点分布
析·考情精解
part one
01
析·考情精解
一、阅读理解环保主题考向分析
1. 考查内容拓展
从单一物种保护→全面生态系统保护：
早期 (2021) 多关注单一濒危动物 (如黑犀牛)，近年 (2023-2025) 扩展至整个生态系统、气候变化、微塑料等全球性环境问题。
从环境污染→可持续发展与创新解决方案：
由单纯描述污染问题 (如塑料污染)，转向探讨科技环保创新 (生态机器、微塑料处理) 和可持续生活方式 (绿色出行、食物浪费减少)。
析·考情精解
2. 命题特点变化
本土与全球视野结合：既有中国实践 (2025全国一卷微塑料研究)，也有国际案例 (2022食物浪费、2023灰熊保护)，引导考生关注全球环境问题的同时，增强本土环保责任感。
科技与人文融合：多篇文章 (2023生态设计、2024数字记录、2025微塑料研究) 将科技创新与环保理念结合，体现 "绿水青山就是金山银山" 的发展理念。
3. 对考生的能力要求
信息整合与批判性思维：要求考生理解复杂环保议题，分析多方观点，如保护与开发的平衡 (2023灰熊保护)、个人行为与全球影响的关系 (2021塑料污染)。
学生价值观引导：通过阅读材料，引导考生树立尊重自然、保护生态的价值观，培养"生态文明建设，人人有责"的意识。
析·考情精解
二、科技创新与研究探索考向分析
1. 考查内容演变
从单一技术介绍→综合创新生态：
早期 (2021) 多聚焦单一技术或产品 (如植物发光、废物处理)，近年 (2024-2025) 扩展至创新生态系统，如医疗 + 教育融合、传统工艺 + 数字技术等跨领域整合。
从国外技术→中国创新成果：
2023年前以介绍国际研究为主，2024年后增加中国科研成果比重，如 2025 年全国一卷的微塑料处理技术、2024年新高考 I 卷的生物多样性研究，彰显文化自信和科技自立自强。
析·考情精解
2. 命题特点变化
科学思维考查增强：从单纯考查信息获取，转向考查 "提出问题→分析问题→解决问题" 的完整科研思维，如 2025年全国一卷微塑料研究中对研究方法、数据解读、结论推导的考查。
跨学科融合：科技文章不再局限于单一学科，而是融合生物学、环境科学、医学、工程技术等多领域知识，如 2023年生态污水处理技术融合了生物学和环境工程。
3. 对考生的能力要求
信息整合与批判性思维：要求考生理解复杂科技议题，评价研究方法优劣，推断结论可靠性，如 2024 年新高考 I 卷对生物多样性数据偏差的分析。
创新意识与应用能力：通过阅读材料，引导考生思考科技如何解决现实问题，培养创新思维和实践能力，如 2025 年全国二卷将绿植研究应用于生活的考查。
析·考情精解
三、社会风俗文化传承考向分析
1. 考查内容演变
从单一文化元素→多元文化融合：
早期 (2021-2022) 多聚焦单一文化元素 (如古城墙、茶文化)，近期 (2024-2025) 扩展至多元文化融合 (如中医与西医、传统与现代科技)。
从文化介绍→文化理解→文化创新：
考查层次不断提升，从简单介绍传统文化知识，到理解文化内涵和价值，再到探讨文化创新传承方式。
析·考情精解
2. 命题特点变化
本土文化与全球视野结合：既有中国传统文化 (如小笼包、围棋)，也有跨文化交流 (如中医针灸在西方应用、丝绸之路文化影响)，引导考生树立文化自信和开放包容的世界观。
传统与现代融合：多篇文章 (2023小笼包、2025围棋艺术展) 探讨传统文化在现代社会的创新发展，体现 "创造性转化、创新性发展" 理念。
3. 对考生的能力要求
文化理解与认同：要求考生理解传统文化内涵，增强文化自信和认同感。
跨文化交际能力：考查对不同文化的理解和尊重，培养国际视野和跨文化交流能力。
创新思维能力：引导考生思考传统文化如何与现代社会结合，在传承中创新发展。
构·知能架构
part two
02
搭建知识网络 整合能力体系
构·知能架构
人物观点类
意义一致
语法一致
就近一致
环境保护类
自然环境
环境污染
节约意识
绿色能源
气候变化
人工智能
数字技术
前沿领域
太空探索
科技应用
科学探索类
社会体艺类
阅读理解
词汇考向
传统习俗
节日庆祝
文化遗产
将来进行时
现在完成时
破·考点攻坚
part three
03
破解考点规律 攻克解题难关
考点一 考查环境保护类词汇
真题动向
年份卷别 位置 话题内容
2021全国甲卷 B 篇 介绍 Port Lympne 保护区成功繁育黑犀牛的案例
2021全国乙卷 C 篇 艺术家用塑料吸管创作雕塑直观展示塑料污染严重性
2022新高考 I 卷 B 篇 反思自己浪费芝麻菜经历，强调节约即美德环保理念
2023全国甲卷 D 篇 美国灰熊数量因保护而增加，但去保护状态引发争议
2023新高考 I 卷 B 篇 受启发开发 "生态机器" 系统处理污水创新环保技术
2023新高考 I 卷 A 篇 介绍城市自行车租赁系统的运作方式促进低碳交通
2024新高考 I 卷 A 篇 栖息地修复工作队招募志愿者保护濒危物种
2024新高考 I 卷 D 篇 生物多样性数字记录存在地域和物种偏差及改进方法
2025全国一卷 D 篇 研究发现煮沸并过滤自来水可显著减少微塑料含量
2025全国二卷 D 篇 纽约 Blue Hill 餐厅临时更名wastED探索可持续餐饮模式
考点一 考查环境保护类词汇
关键能力
一、自然环境与生态系统核心词
1.environment n. __________
2.ecology n. __________
3.ecosystem n. __________
4.biodiversity n. __________
5.habitat n. __________
6. conservation n. __________
7.sustainability n. __________
8.sustainable adj. __________
9.eco-friendly adj. __________
10.vegetation n. __________
11.soil n. __________
12.grassland n. __________
13.jungle n. __________
14.wetland n. __________
15.waterway n. __________
16.basin n. __________
17.coral reef n. __________
环境
生态；生态学
生态系统
生物多样性
栖息地
保护
可持续性
可持续的
环保的
植物
土壤；泥土
草原
热带丛林；密林
湿地
水道；航道
流域；盆地
珊瑚礁
考点一 考查环境保护类词汇
关键能力
二、环境污染与气候变化核心词
18.pollution n. __________
19.pollute v. __________
20.pollutant n. __________
21.air pollution n. __________
22.water pollution n. __________
23.noise pollution n. __________
24.plastic waste n. __________
25.microplastic n. __________
26.litter n. __________
27.landfill n. __________
28.smog n. __________
29.haze n. __________
30.acid rain n. __________
31.sewage n. __________
32.climate change n. __________
33.global warming n.__________
34.greenhouse effect n. __________
35.greenhouse gas n. __________
36.carbon dioxide n. __________
37.carbon n. __________
38.emission n.__________
39.ozone layer depletion n. __________
污染
污染；弄脏
污染物
空气污染
水污染
噪音污染
塑料废物
微塑料
垃圾；废弃物
废弃物填埋场
烟雾；雾霾
雾霾
酸雨
污水；下水道污物
气候变化
全球变暖
温室效应
温室气体
二氧化碳
碳
排放物；散发物；排放
臭氧层破坏
考点一 考查环境保护类词汇
关键能力
二、环境污染与气候变化核心词
40.extreme climate n. __________
41.heat wave n. __________
42.deforestation n.__________
43.desertification n. __________
44.erosion n. __________
45.habitat destruction n. __________
46.biodiversity loss n. __________
47.overfishing n. __________
48.overconsumption n. __________
49.extinction n. __________
50.extinct adj. __________
51.endangered adj. __________
52.endangered species n. ________
极端气候
热浪
森林砍伐
沙漠化
侵蚀
栖息地破坏
生物多样性丧失
过度捕捞
过度消耗
灭绝；绝种
灭绝的
濒危的
濒危物种
考点一 考查环境保护类词汇
关键能力
三、环保措施与节约意识核心词
53.protect v. __________
54.preserve v. __________
55.conservationist n. __________
56.reserve n. __________
57.natural reserve n.__________
58.save energy v. __________
59.conserve water v. __________
60.reduce waste v. __________
61.sustainable development n. __________
62.green living n. __________
63.recycle v.__________
64.reusable adj.__________
65.biodegradable adj.__________
66.waste-to-energy adj.__________
post n. _______；v.__________
68.waste disposal n. __________
69.litter classification n.__________
保护
保护；保存；维护
环保主义者
保护区
自然保护区
节约能源
节约用水
减少浪费
可持续发展
绿色生活
回收利用；再利用
可重复使用的
可生物降解的
以垃圾作为能源的
堆肥
废物处理
垃圾分类
极端气候
考点一 考查环境保护类词汇
关键能力
四、绿色能源与持续发展核心词
70.renewable energy n.__________
71.renewable adj. __________
72.non-renewable resources n. __________
73.fossil fuel n. __________
74.solar energy n. __________
75.wind power n. __________
76.hydrogen fuel cell n. __________
77.green hydrogen n. __________
78.hybrid adj./n. __________
79.smart grid n. __________
80.carbon neutrality n. __________
81.carbon peaking n. __________
82.carbon footprint n. __________
83.decarbonize v. __________
84.filter v./n. __________
85.purify v. __________
86.treatment plant n. __________
87.energy-efficient adj. __________
88.eco-friendly product n. __________
89.low carbon adj. __________
可再生能源
可再生的
不可再生资源
化石燃料
太阳能
风能
氢燃料电池
绿色氢能
混合的；混合动力车
智能电网
碳中和
碳达峰
碳足迹
脱碳；减少碳排放
过滤；过滤器
净化
处理厂
节能的
环保产品
低碳的
考点一 考查环境保护类词汇
关键能力
五、生物多样性与保护核心词
90.species n. __________
91.wildlife n. __________
92.creature n. __________
93.marine life n. __________
94.organism n. __________
95.bacteria n. __________
96.vegetation n. __________
97.ecological balance n. __________
98.food chain n. __________
99.reintroduce v. __________
100.captive breeding n. __________
101.wildlife reserve n. __________
物种
野生动物
生物；动物
海洋生物
生物体；有机体
细菌
植被；植物
生态平衡
食物链
重新引入
圈养繁殖
野生动物保护区
考点一 考查环境保护类词汇
关键能力
六、气候变化与环境保护核心词
102.humidity n. __________
103.drought n. __________
104.flood n. __________
105.storm n. __________
106.sandstorm n. __________
107.impact n. __________
108.affect v. __________
109.consequence n. __________
110.threaten v. __________
111.disaster n. __________
112.crisis n. __________
113.urgent adj. __________
114.severe adj. __________
115.environmentalists n.__________
116.ecologist n. __________
117.biologist n. __________
湿度；湿气
干旱
洪水
风暴；暴风雨
沙尘暴
影响
影响
结果；后果
威胁；危及
灾难；灾害
危机
紧急的；紧迫的
严重的；严峻的
环保主义者
生态学家
生物学家
考点一 考查环境保护类词汇
关键能力
六、气候变化与环境保护核心词
119.foundation n. __________
120.policy n. __________
121.regulation n. __________
122.ban v./n. __________
123.restriction n. __________
124.campaign n. __________
125.raise awareness v. __________
126.microplastic n. __________
127.intake n. __________
128.decarbonize v. __________
129.straw n. __________
130.ecosystem n. __________
131.dispose v. __________
基金会
政策；方针
监管；规则；条例
禁止；禁令
限制；约束
运动；活动
提高意识
微塑料
吸入量；摄入量
脱碳；减少碳排放
吸管
生态系统
处理；处置
考点一 考查环境保护类词汇
命题预测
【预测1】（25-26高三上·福建福州·期中）When it comes to recycling the household waste, people have done it for about two decades. However, there’s still some confusion about what can and what can’t be recycled. With advances in technology, there are more things that can be recycled.
COFFEE PODS (咖啡荚)
On average, Australians are using more than three million coffee pods per day, and about 1.5 million households have coffee machines. While the pods are disastrous for the environment, they can still be recycled. Nespresso has a free post-back programme and drop-off points run by TerraCycle, so you can take the pods and directly drop off at Nespresso stores.
考点一 考查环境保护类词汇
命题预测
LIGHT BULBS
Rather than throwing light bulbs into the bin, some councils run specific recycling stations, which allow you to drop off these kinds of items. If you do regularly recycle household glass, remember all glass should be washed and have lids removed.
PIZZA BOXES
Normally pizza boxes don’t make it into recycling because they’re covered in grease (油脂) and leftover bits of cheese. When a pizza box is too greasy, it won’t be taken to a recycling processing plant. If possible, remove as much of the leftovers as you can before recycling. If the pizza box can’t be recycled, tear off the lid which can still be recycled.
考点一 考查环境保护类词汇
命题预测
HOUSEHOLD BATTERIES
Household batteries can also be recycled. Batteries that do end up in landfills can cause a serious problem to the environment as they can release poisonous chemicals into the soil which are harmful to both humans and animals. Button-cell batteries, which are used in hearing aids and watches, can also be recycled.
【导语】
这是一篇应用文。随着科技的进步，有更多的东西可以回收利用。文章介绍了生活中对于家庭垃圾问题处理上，几个比较实用的一些回收知识。
考点一 考查环境保护类词汇
命题预测
1．Why does TerraCycle run the free post-back programme and drop-off points
A．To recycle coffee pods easily. B．To offer good coffee for free.
C．To exchange coffee machines. D．To warn people of the harm of coffee.
细节理解题。根据COFFEE PODS (咖啡荚)标题下“While the pods are disastrous for the environment, they can still be recycled. Nespresso has a free post-back programme and drop-off points run by TerraCycle, so you can take the pods and directly drop off at Nespresso stores.(虽然豆荚对环境是灾难性的，但它们仍然可以回收利用。Nespresso咖啡机有一个免费的邮寄计划和由TerraCycle运营的抛物点，所以你可以把咖啡荚直接送到Nespresso咖啡机商店。)”可知，TerraCycle 运行免费的 post-back 程序和抛物点，是为了方便回收咖啡荚。故选A。

考点一 考查环境保护类词汇
命题预测
2．What do people need to do first to recycle pizza boxes
A．Wash them many times. B．Take them to the government.
C．Clear the leftovers as much as possible. D．Return boxes to the pizza shop quickly.
细节理解题。根据 PIZZA BOXES标题下“When a pizza box is too greasy, it won’t be made into a recycling processing plant. If possible, remove as much of the leftovers as you can before recycling. (如果披萨盒太油腻，它就不会被制成回收加工厂。如果可能的话，在回收利用之前尽可能多地清除剩余的食物。)”可知，对于披萨盒子的回收，用户需要首先尽可能多地清除剩余的食物。故选C。

考点一 考查环境保护类词汇
命题预测
3．In which section of a magazine can we read the text
A．Health. B．Environment. C．Entertainment. D．Culture.
推理判断题。根据第一段“When it comes to recycling the household waste, people have done it for about two decades. However, there’s still some confusion about what can and what can’t be recycled. With advances in technology, there are more things that can be recycled.(说到回收生活垃圾，人们已经这样做了大约二十年。然而，对于什么可以回收，什么不能回收，仍然存在一些困惑。随着科技的进步，有更多的东西可以回收利用。)”并通读全文可知，随着科技的进步，有更多的东西可以回收利用。本文主要介绍了科技进步对于生活中的一些东西的回收利用的方法，所以文章的主题是和环境保护有关，我们可以在杂志的环境部分阅读到本文。故选B。

考点一 考查环境保护类词汇
命题预测
【预测2】（25-26高三上·河北保定·期中）Climate change and habitat loss are threatening water-loving birds, including endangered species like whooping cranes and migrating (迁徙的) shorebirds. Wetland-dependent species have declined by nearly a third, with water bird populations dropping by 20% since 2014. Farmers, facing water shortages and extreme weather, often view birds as harmful animals or crop competitors, further harming the relationship between agriculture and conservation.
Cooperative efforts are underway to combine farming practices with bird conservation. In Texas and Louisiana, traditional rice-and-crawfish farms copy natural wetlands, attracting birds such as egrets and herons. Farmers are proving that agriculture can support biodiversity. Conservationists encourage these practices by highlighting their ecological and economic benefits.
Nonprofit organization Ducks Unlimited pays farmers to flood fields in winter, providing habitats for ducks and geese. This not only aids birds but also decomposes rice plants, reducing farmers’ workload. In drought-stricken regions, Ducks Unlimited encourages leaving harvest waste or flooding unused grassland to support migrating birds.
考点一 考查环境保护类词汇
命题预测
In Uruguay, conservationist Joaquín Aldabe works with farm owners to adopt controlled grazing (放牧), ensuring grasses stay at an ideal length for insects — critical food for birds during migration. In the Klamath Basin, proposed eco-credit systems could reward farmers for maintaining wetlands that clean runoff and support fish populations, benefiting both birds and the locals that restore endangered fish.
These efforts show promise. Flooded farms in Texas host dozens of bird species, while Uruguay’s grazing adjustments boost insect populations for shorebirds. A 2024 campaign conserved 1 million acres for water birds. As climate change speeds up, conservationists and farmers must work together to create adaptive habitats. While some birds adapt behaviorally, genetic (基因的) adaptation is unlikely. The race to protect and restore farmland and wetland is critical — a quick effort against time to ensure these species survive.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了气候变化和栖息地丧失对水鸟构成的威胁，以及农业与鸟类保护之间的紧张关系，同时介绍了多个地区正在进行的将农业实践与鸟类保护相结合的合作努力，强调了这些努力在保护鸟类和促进农业可持续发展方面的重要性。
考点一 考查环境保护类词汇
命题预测
1．How does the author introduce the topic
A．By sharing observations. B．By making an assumption.
C．By listing current threats. D．By revealing a relationship.
推理判断题。根据第一段“Climate change and habitat loss are threatening water-loving birds, including endangered species like whooping cranes and migrating shorebirds. Wetland-dependent species have declined by nearly a third, with water bird populations dropping by 20% since 2014. Farmers, facing water shortages and extreme weather, often view birds as harmful animals or crop competitors, further harming the relationship between agriculture and conservation.(气候变化和栖息地丧失正威胁着喜爱水的鸟类，包括像美洲鹤和迁徙的岸鸟这样的濒危物种。依赖湿地的物种减少了近三分之一，自2014年以来，水鸟数量下降了20%。面对缺水和极端天气，农民往往将鸟类视为有害动物或农作物竞争者，这进一步损害了农业与保护之间的关系。)”可知，作者通过列出气候变化和栖息地丧失对水鸟构成的威胁，以及农业与鸟类保护之间的紧张关系来引入话题。故选C。

考点一 考查环境保护类词汇
命题预测
2．What does Ducks Unlimited ask farmers to do for migrating birds
A．Plant grasses on land. B．Clear harvest remains.
C．Turn wetland into farmland. D．Create seasonal habitats.
细节理解题。根据第三段“Nonprofit organization Ducks Unlimited pays farmers to flood fields in winter, providing habitats for ducks and geese. This not only aids birds but also decomposes rice plants, reducing farmers’ workload. In drought-stricken regions, Ducks Unlimited encourages leaving harvest waste or flooding unused grassland to support migrating birds.(非营利组织Ducks Unlimited付钱给农民，让他们在冬天淹没田地，为鸭子和鹅提供栖息地。这不仅有助于鸟类，还能分解水稻植株，减轻农民的工作量。在干旱地区，Ducks Unlimited倡导保留收割后的作物残株，或对闲置草地进行水淹处理，以助力候鸟栖息。)”可知，Ducks Unlimited要求农民为迁徙的鸟类创造季节性栖息地。故选D。

考点一 考查环境保护类词汇
命题预测
3．Why does Joaquín Aldabe promote controlled grazing
A．To preserve water birds’ habitats.
B．To shelter birds from the enemies.
C．To sustain food sources for birds.
D．To decrease the number of insects.
细节理解题。根据第四段“In Uruguay, conservationist Joaquín Aldabe works with farm owners to adopt controlled grazing, ensuring grasses stay at an ideal length for insects — critical food for birds during migration.(在乌拉圭，保护主义者Joaquín Aldabe与农场主合作，采用控制放牧的方式，确保草保持在适合昆虫的理想长度——这是鸟类迁徙时的关键食物。)”可知，Joaquín Aldabe提倡控制放牧是为了保护水鸟的栖息地，因为草保持在适合昆虫的理想长度，可以为鸟类提供食物，从而保护它们的栖息地。故选A。

考点一 考查环境保护类词汇
命题预测
4．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Farming with Birds: Practice Co-existence.
B．Birds in Crisis: Track the Cause of It.
C．Agricultural Reform: Find Efficient Models.
D．Climate Solutions: Farmers Lead the Change.
主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了多个地区正在进行的将农业实践与鸟类保护相结合的合作努力，强调了这些努力在保护鸟类和促进农业可持续发展方面的重要性，结合第三段“Nonprofit organization Ducks Unlimited pays farmers to flood fields in winter, providing habitats for ducks and geese. This not only aids birds but also decomposes rice plants, reducing farmers’ workload. In drought-stricken regions, Ducks Unlimited encourages leaving harvest waste or flooding unused grassland to support migrating birds.(非营利组织Ducks Unlimited付钱给农民，让他们在冬天淹没田地，为鸭子和鹅提供栖息地。这不仅有助于鸟类，还能分解水稻植株，减轻农民的工作量。在干旱地区，Ducks Unlimited倡导保留收割后的作物残株，或对闲置草地进行水淹处理，以助力候鸟栖息。)”可知，文章合适的标题是“与鸟类一起耕种：实践共存”。故选A。

考点二 考查科学探索类词汇
真题动向
年份卷别 位置 话题内容
2021全国乙卷 D篇 科学家通过实验使植物能够发光有望在未来替代传统照明
2021新课标II卷 D 篇 澳大利亚开发太阳能电力机器人提高畜牧业智能化水平
2022新高考II卷 D 篇 追溯香水从天然提取到化学合成的变革化学合成技术创新
2022全国甲卷 B 篇 鹦鹉具有与人相似形状识别能力为动物智力进化提供新视角
2023新高考I卷 D 篇 群体智慧效应在现代社会应用价值，如市场预测、危机决策
2023全国甲卷 C 篇 介绍3D扫描、数字建模技术帮助保护和传承非物质文化遗产
2024全国甲卷 B 篇 俄罗斯医疗专列有效解决了偏远地区医疗资源不足问题
2024新高考II卷 C 篇 新型智能键盘安全性高使用便捷为信息安全保护提供新思路
2025全国一卷 D 篇 水中碳酸钙与微塑料原理为解决全球微塑料污染提供中国方案
2025全国二卷 C篇 研究表明室内绿植对人的情绪和思维有积极影响促进身心健康
考点二 考查科学探索类词汇
关键能力
一、人工智能与计算机技术核心词
1.artificial intelligence(AI) n.__________
2.neural network n. __________
3.algorithm n. __________
4.data analysis n. __________
5.data processing n. __________
6.AI-powered adj. __________
7.autonomous adj. __________
8.autonomous vehicle n. __________
9.digital adj. __________
10.electronic adj. __________
11.chip n. __________
12.hardware n. __________
13.software n. __________
14.interface n. __________
15.server n. __________
16.database n. __________
17.cybersecurity n. __________
18.cloud computing n. __________
19.digital device n. __________
20.wireless communication n. __________
21.network n. __________
22.assign v. __________
23.code n. __________；v. __________
24.binary adj. __________
25.bit n. __________
26.logical adj. __________
人工智能
神经网络
算法
数据分析
数据处理
人工智能驱动的
自主的；自动的
自动驾驶车辆
数字的，数码的，电子的
电子的；电子操纵的
芯片
硬件
软件
界面；接口
服务器
数据库
网络安全
云计算
数字设备
无线通信
网络
分配，指派；计算机 赋值
编码
二进制的
比特 位
符合逻辑的，逻辑上的
代码
考点二 考查科学探索类词汇
关键能力
二、数字技术与应用核心词
27.virtual reality VR n. __________
28.augmented reality AR n. __________
29.3D printing n. __________
30.mixed reality MR n. __________
31.digital literacy n. __________
32.streaming n. ________；v. ________
33.data-driven adj. __________
34.smart device n. __________
35.wearable technology n.__________
36.smart grid n. __________
37.self-driving car n. __________
38.driverless car n. __________
39.automation n. __________
40.robotic adj. __________
41.drone n. __________
虚拟现实
增强现实
3D打印
混合现实
数字素养
流媒体
流媒体传输
数据驱动的
智能设备
可穿戴技术
智能电网
自动驾驶汽车
无人驾驶汽车
自动化
机器人的
无人机
考点二 考查科学探索类词汇
关键能力
三、新兴技术与前沿领域核心词
42.quantum computing n. __________
43.quantum bit/qubit n. __________
44.quantum communication n. _________
45.biotechnology n. __________
46.gene editing n. __________
47.stem cell n. __________
48.genetic engineering n. __________
49.biodegradable adj. __________
50.protein n. __________
51.renewable energy n. __________
52.solar energy n. __________
53.solar panel n. __________
54.wind power n. __________
55.hydrogen energy n. __________
56.nuclear fusion n. __________
57.energy storage n. __________
58.decarbonize v. __________
59.sustainable fuel n. __________
量子计算
量子比特
量子通信
生物技术
基因编辑
干细胞
基因工程
可生物降解的
蛋白质
可再生能源
太阳能
太阳能电池板
风能
氢能
核聚变
能源储存
脱碳；减少碳排放
可持续燃料
考点二 考查科学探索类词汇
关键能力
四、太空探索与航空航天核心词
60.spacecraft n. __________
61.spacesuit n. __________
62.spacewalk n. __________
63.lunar adj. __________
64.lunar surface n. __________
65.lunar soil n. __________
66.lunar orbit n. __________
67.cosmic radiation n. __________
68.zero gravity n.__________
69.aerospace n. __________
70.aviation n. __________
71.aircraft n. __________
72.missile n. __________
73.rocket n. __________
74.launch v./n. __________
75.mission n. __________
航天器；宇宙飞船
宇航服
太空行走
月球的
月球表面
月壤
环月轨道
宇宙辐射
零重力
航空航天
航空工业
飞机
导弹
火箭
发射；发起
任务；使命
考点二 考查科学探索类词汇
关键能力
五、科学研究与实验核心词
76.hypothesis n. __________
77.phenomenon n.__________
78.theory n. __________
79.model n. __________
80.law n. __________
81.formula n. __________
82.equation n. __________
83.laboratory n. __________
84.observation n. __________
85.data collection n. __________
86.measurement n. __________
precise adj. __________
87.statistic n. __________
88.analysis n. __________
89.simulation n. __________
假设，假说
现象
理论
模型
定律；法则
公式，配方，规则
方程；等式
实验室
观察
数据收集
测量，衡量，尺寸
精确的，准确的
统计数值
分析
模拟
考点二 考查科学探索类词汇
关键能力
六、科技应用与社会影响核心词
90.AI-powered voice assistant n.__________
91.digital payment n. __________
92.e-commerce n. __________
93.e-learning n. __________
94.remote work n. __________
95.telemedicine n. __________
96.smart city n. __________
97.blockchain n. __________
98.digital divide n. __________
99.data privacy n. __________
100.data security n. __________
101.cybercrime n. __________
102.algorithm bias n. __________
__________
智能语音助手
数字支付
电子商务
电子学习
远程工作
远程医疗
智慧城市
区块链
数字鸿沟
数据隐私
数据安全
网络犯罪
算法偏见
考点二 考查科学探索类词汇
关键能力
七、科技词汇扩展核心词（合成词与专业术语）
103.data-driven adj. __________
104.automation-resistant adj. __________
105.crowdfunded adj. __________
106.screen-absorbed adj. __________
107.neuralink n. __________
108.nanotechnology n. __________
109.biometrics n. __________
110.cryptography n. __________
111.semiconductor n. __________
112.transistor n. __________
113.solid state n. __________
114.optical fiber n. __________
数据驱动的
抗自动化的
众筹的
沉迷屏幕的
神经连接
纳米技术
生物识别技术
密码学
半导体
晶体管
固态
光纤
考点二 考查科学探索类词汇
命题预测
【预测1】（25-26高三上·福建·期中）Each year, more than 1.2 billion new smartphones are produced worldwide. This process consumes vast amounts of energy and natural resources, while also generating huge quantities of electronic waste, as people often replace perfectly functional devices every few years. To address this challenge, researchers have proposed a new approach — repurposing old phones into small-scale data centers for practical use.
“Innovation often begins not with something new, but with a new way of thinking about the old,” said Huber, an associate professor at MIT. The research team showed that outdated smartphones can be effectively transformed into tiny data centers capable of processing and storing data for real-world applications. They also discovered that building such a system is surprisingly inexpensive — about 8 euros per device — making it a highly affordable solution.
考点二 考查科学探索类词汇
命题预测
In their experiment, the scientists carefully removed the batteries to avoid chemical leakage and connected four old phones using 3D- printed cases. The system was powered externally and tested in practical environments. One successful trial involved underwater sea life monitoring, where the device automatically recorded and analyzed marine species — a task that usually requires divers. With this new device, the entire process could be done automatically underwater.
These repurposed devices hold promise for a wide range of smart city applications. For instance, they could be installed (安装) at bus stops to monitor passenger flow and help urban planners optimize transportation schedules and routes, making public transport run more smoothly and reducing waiting time for passengers. This method not only reduces e-waste but also supports sustainable digital solutions for modern communities.
考点二 考查科学探索类词汇
命题预测
“This is a smart, green rethink of our throwaway tech culture. Sustainability is not only about protecting the future — it is about reimagining the present, where yesterday’s devices become tomorrow’s opportunities,” added Ulrich, an Associate Professor of Software Engineering. With modest investment and creative thinking, outdated technology can serve new purposes, contributing to a greener digital society while helping to solve the growing problem of electronic waste.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究人员提出将旧手机改造成小型数据中心这一新方法，既减少电子垃圾又支持可持续数字方案。
考点二 考查科学探索类词汇
命题预测
1．What is a feature of the new approach mentioned
A．It is cost-effective. B．It is data-based.
C．It is business-driven. D．It is skill-intensive.
细节理解题。根据第二段中“They also discovered that building such a system is surprisingly inexpensive — about 8 euros per device — making it a highly affordable solution.(他们还发现，构建这样一个系统的成本出奇地低——每个设备约8欧元——使其成为一个非常实惠的解决方案。)”可知，新方法的特点是成本效益高。故选A。

考点二 考查科学探索类词汇
命题预测
2．What does the underwater trial show
A．The risks of underwater tasks.
B．The necessity of innovative tools.
C．The challenges of ocean research.
D．The practicality of the new device.
推理判断题。根据第三段中“One successful trial involved underwater sea life monitoring, where the device automatically recorded and analyzed marine species — a task that usually requires divers. With this new device, the entire process could be done automatically underwater.(一次成功的试验涉及水下海洋生物监测，该设备自动记录和分析海洋物种——这项任务通常需要潜水员。有了这个新设备，整个过程可以在水下自动完成。)”可知，水下试验展示了新设备的实用性。故选D。

考点二 考查科学探索类词汇
命题预测
3．What does the underlined word “optimize” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Improve. B．Observe. C．Cancel. D．Expand.
词句猜测题。根据第四段中“For instance, they could be installed (安装) at bus stops to monitor passenger flow and help urban planners optimize transportation schedules and routes, making public transport run more smoothly and reducing waiting time for passengers.(例如，它们可以安装在公交车站，监测客流量，帮助城市规划者optimize交通时刻表和路线，使公共交通运行更加顺畅，减少乘客的等待时间。)”可知，使公共交通运行更加顺畅，减少乘客的等待时间，所以此处指帮助城市规划者优化交通时刻表和路线，optimize意为“改善，优化”。A. Improve改善；B. Observe观察；C. Cancel取消；D. Expand扩大。故选A。

考点二 考查科学探索类词汇
命题预测
4．Which can be a suitable title for the text
A．Electronic Engineering: An Eco-Digital Guide
B．Repurposing Old Phones: A Green Solution
C．The Problem of Global Smartphone Waste
D．The Sustainability of Smart City Development
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“To address this challenge, researchers have proposed a new approach — repurposing old phones into small-scale data centers for practical use.(为了应对这一挑战，研究人员提出了一种新方法——将旧手机重新利用为小型数据中心，供实际使用。)”以及最后一段中“With modest investment and creative thinking, outdated technology can serve new purposes, contributing to a greener digital society while helping to solve the growing problem of electronic waste.(通过适度的投资和创造性思维，过时的技术可以服务于新的目的，有助于构建更绿色的数字社会，同时帮助解决日益严重的电子垃圾问题。)”可知，文章主要讲述了将旧手机改造成小型数据中心这一新方法，此方法既经济又环保，还能助力智慧城市应用并减少电子垃圾，所以“Repurposing Old Phones: A Green Solution(旧手机重新利用：一种绿色解决方案)”作为标题最合适。故选B。

考点二 考查科学探索类词汇
命题预测
【预测2】（25-26高三上·福建龙岩·期中）Scientists have found a way to use cyanobacteria—usually called blue-green algae (海藻) — to power a microprocessor nonstop for more than six months. The system uses inexpensive and mostly recyclable materials, with its key part being a safe photosynthetic (光合作用的) algae named synechocystis. Their study was published in the journal Energy & Environmental Science.
Paolo Bombelli, a researcher from the University of Cambridge and the main writer of the paper, said, “We were surprised by how steadily the system worked for such a long time. We thought it might stop after a few weeks, but it just kept running.”
考点二 考查科学探索类词汇
命题预测
As Matthew Sparkes reported in New Scientist, the team made a container with aluminum and clear plastic, then put the bacteria inside. The device, about the size of one AA battery, was placed outside a window in Bombelli’s home from February to August. It successfully powered an Arm Cortex-M0+ processor. The authors explained in the study that this type of processor is widely used in Internet of Things (IoT) devices — like home appliances connected to the Internet. The researchers set the processor to work in cycles: 45 minutes of computing followed by 15 minutes of standby.
Even without light, the cyanobacteria can still generate electrical energy. Scientists guess this is because the algae process some of their stored food in the dark, which creates an electrical current.
考点二 考查科学探索类词汇
命题预测
Christopher Howe, a professor at the University of Cambridge and co-senior author of the paper, noted, “The growing IoT needs more and more power. We believe this power should come from systems that generate energy, not just store it like batteries. Our photosynthetic device doesn’t run down like a battery because it uses light all the time.”
Right now, the cyanobacteria system isn’t strong enough to run all devices. For example, a desktop computer would need 333 million such algae devices to work normally. But the team says the system could be made larger — though more research is needed to find out how much it can be scaled up.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家发现的一种利用蓝藻为微处理器供电的新系统，该系统使用廉价且大部分可回收的材料，能够持续供电超过六个月，具有广阔的应用前景。
考点二 考查科学探索类词汇
命题预测
1．What is the key part of the cyanobacteria power system
A．Synechocystis. B．A microprocessor.
C．Aluminum container. D．Cheap recyclable materials.
细节理解题。根据第一段中“The system uses inexpensive and mostly recyclable materials, with its key part being a safe photosynthetic (光合作用的) algae named synechocystis. (该系统使用廉价且大部分可回收的材料，其关键部分是一种名为集胞藻的安全光合藻类。)”可知，蓝藻能源系统的关键部分是集胞藻。故选A项。

考点二 考查科学探索类词汇
命题预测
2．What allows cyanobacteria to produce energy even without light
A．Using stored light energy. B．Processing stored food.
C．Absorbing energy from batteries. D．Getting power from IoT devices.
细节理解题。根据第四段“Even without light, the cyanobacteria can still generate electrical energy. Scientists guess this is because the algae process some of their stored food in the dark, which creates an electrical current. (即使没有光，蓝藻仍然可以产生电能。科学家猜测，这是因为藻类在黑暗中处理了一些储存的食物，从而产生了电流。)”可知，蓝藻在没有光的情况下仍然可以通过处理储存的食物来产生能量。故选B项。

考点二 考查科学探索类词汇
命题预测
3．What can we infer about the cyanobacteria system from the text
A．It will soon replace all batteries.
B．It has no potential to power large devices.
C．Further research is needed to expand its power.
D．It can already power desktop computers normally.
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But the team says the system could be made larger — though more research is needed to find out how much it can be scaled up. (但该团队表示，这个系统可以做得更大——尽管还需要更多的研究来确定它可以扩大到什么程度)”可推知，蓝藻系统需要进一步研究以扩大其供电能力。故选C项。

考点二 考查科学探索类词汇
命题预测
4．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Algae Generates Electrical Energy in Dark
B．Scientists Develop Algae-Powered System
C．Cyanobacteria Powers Microprocessor Long
D．Cyanobacteria Acts as IoT Device Power Source
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Scientists have found a way to use cyanobacteria-usually called blue-green algae (海藻) — to power a microprocessor nonstop for more than six months. (科学家们发现了一种利用蓝藻——通常被称为蓝绿藻——为微处理器持续供电超过六个月的方法。)”可知，文章主要介绍了科学家发现的一种利用蓝藻为微处理器长时间供电的新系统，故C项“Cyanobacteria Powers Microprocessor Long (蓝藻为微处理器长时间供电)”能概括文章内容，最适合作文章标题。故选C项。

考点三 考查社会体育艺术类词汇
真题动向
年份卷别 位置 话题内容
2021全国甲卷 C 篇 描述与当地爱好者的友谊及长大后故地重游的归属感
2021新高考I卷 七选五 巴黎人精致的饮食文化体现法国"美食即生活艺术"文化理念
2022全国甲卷 七选五 国际通用的餐桌礼仪包括筷子使用规则、餐具摆放、用餐姿势
2022全国乙卷 A 篇 苏格兰肖像画家艺术展览了解西方艺术史和审美欣赏
2022全国乙卷 D 篇 征收糖税对解决青少年肥胖问题的作用促进健康饮食
2022新课标 II 卷 B 篇 研究证实体育锻炼对心脏健康的积极影响养成定期锻炼习惯
2023全国甲卷 A 篇 推荐曼谷几家特色餐厅展现泰国丰富多元的饮食文化
2023全国乙卷 C 篇 英国烹饪节目如何改变英国人的烹饪观念及饮食文化变迁
2024全国甲卷 A 篇 介绍哈佛ARTS FIRST艺术节，鼓励参与艺术创作培养创新思维
2024新高考 I 卷 C 篇 比较纸质阅读与数字阅读在理解和记忆方面的差异
2025全国一卷 A 篇 分析不同交通方式的碳排放数据，探讨未来能源改革方向
2025全国一卷 C 篇 反思城市规划可持续发展理念，探讨科技进步与文化保护平衡
2025全国二卷 A 篇 探讨食物浪费问题严重性和解决方案，饮食文化与可持续发展
考点三 考查社会体育艺术类词汇
关键能力
一、传统习俗与节日核心词
1.ritual n. __________
2.ancestor n. __________
3.heritage n. __________
4.Chinese Seal n. __________
5.Chinese Zodiac n. __________
6.Chinese Knot n. __________
仪式；典礼；习惯
祖先；祖宗；先驱
遗产；继承物；传统
中国印章
中国生肖
中国结
考点三 考查社会体育艺术类词汇
关键能力
二、社会结构与关系核心词
7.socialize v. __________
8.social issue n. __________
9.social status n. __________
10.social class n. __________
11.urbanization n. __________
12.rural adj. __________
13.urban adj. __________
14.interaction n. __________
15.collaboration n. __________
16.conflict n. __________；v. _________
17.harmony n. __________
18.equality n. __________
19.justice n. __________
20.discrimination n. __________
21.compromise n. __________
22.acquaintance n. __________
与他人交往；交际；使适应社会
社会问题
社会地位
社会阶层
城市化
农村的；乡村的
城市的；都市的
相互作用；交流
合作；合作成果
冲突；抵触
和谐；协调；融洽
平等；均等；相等
公平；公正；正义；司法
歧视；区别对待；辨别力
妥协；折中
相识；熟人
冲突；争论
考点三 考查社会体育艺术类词汇
关键能力
三、社会现象与问题核心词
23.charity n. __________
24.immigration n. __________
25.epidemic n. __________
26.reform n. __________
27.welfare n. __________
28.racism n. __________
29.poverty n. __________
30.unemployment n. __________
31.corruption n. __________
32.crime n. __________
33.ethics n. __________
34.morality n. __________
35.religion n. __________
36.integrity n. __________
37.conscience n. __________
慈善；慈善机构；施舍
移民；移居
流行病；传染病；泛滥
改革；改良；改造
福利；幸福；福利事业
种族主义；种族歧视
贫困；贫穷；贫乏
失业；失业率
腐败；贪污；堕落
犯罪；罪行；罪恶
道德准则；道德学；伦理学
道德；道德准则；品德；品行
宗教；宗教信仰；宗教活动
正直；诚实；完整；完整性
良心；良知；内疚
考点三 考查社会体育艺术类词汇
关键能力
四、历史与文化遗产核心词
38.medieval adj.__________
39.era n. __________
40.dynasty n. __________
41.heritage n. __________
42.relic n. __________
43.artifact n. __________
44.excavation n. __________
45.historian n. __________
46.prehistory n. __________
47.archaeology n. __________
48.gallery n. __________
中世纪的
时代；年代；纪元
王朝；朝代
遗产；传统；继承物
遗物；遗迹；纪念品
手工艺品；文物；人工制品
挖掘；发掘；开凿
历史学家；史学工作者
史前时期；史前史
考古学
画廊；美术馆；走廊
考点三 考查社会体育艺术类词汇
关键能力
五、饮食与艺术文化核心词
49.cuisine n.__________
50.recipe n. __________
51.ingredient n. __________
52.sauce n. __________
53.feast n. __________
54.banquet n.__________ ；v. __________
55.appetite n.__________
56.painting n. __________
57.sculpture n.__________
58.opera n. __________
59.poetry n. __________
菜肴；风味；烹饪
烹饪法；食谱；秘诀
材料；成分；要素
调味汁；酱汁
盛宴；宴会；节日
宴会；盛宴
食欲；胃口；欲望
绘画；油画；画法
雕刻；雕塑作品
歌剧；歌剧院
诗歌；诗意
宴请
考点三 考查社会体育艺术类词汇
关键能力
六、社会文化相关短语核心词
60.social gathering n. __________
61.social network n. __________
62.interpersonal relationship n. __________
63.family reunion n. __________
64.public event n. __________
社交聚会
社交网络；社会关系网
人际关系
家庭团聚
公共活动；公开活动
考点三 考查社会体育艺术类词汇
关键能力
七、文化多样性与交流核心词
65.civilization n. __________
66.cultural diversity n. __________
67.cultural heritage n. __________
68.cross-cultural communication n.__________
69.globalization n. __________
70.multiculturalism n. __________
71.diversity n. __________
72.diverse adj. __________
73.cultural conflict n. __________
74.cultural identity n. __________
75.stereotype n. __________
76.prejudice n. __________
77.taboo n. __________
文明；文明社会
文化多样性
文化遗产
跨文化交际
全球化
多元文化主义
差异性；多样性
多样的；不同的
文化冲突
文化身份
模式化观念；刻板印象
偏见；成见
禁忌；忌讳
考点三 考查社会体育艺术类词汇
命题预测
（25-26高二上·山东德州·期中）Makaran hated piano lessons she took as a child. It amused her that she found second-career success as a DJ a decade ago, playing tunes for MTV and other clients. “I was playing music for people, watching them forget their stress and worries and just be present on the dance floor,” says Makaran. “I never thought of music for my own healing until I really needed it.”
Ten years ago, Makaran developed cancer. Following drug therapy (疗法) and surgery, her best hope of remaining cancer-free depended largely on Heresquin, an effective anticancer medicine. But after a few rounds, Makaran proved allergic (过敏物) — and there was no alternative. Makaran asked her doctor, “What should I do ” He responded simply, “Be happy.” Initially she couldn’t believe it, but then she understood, “If I can manage my stress and my emotions, I would have the best chance of surviving, even though I was taken off treatment.” Then she began to explore how music could help her heal.
考点三 考查社会体育艺术类词汇
命题预测
“Music therapy can help manage cancer-related symptoms and anxieties as effectively as traditional therapies,” according to a study. The study involved seven weeks of therapy combining talk, music and songwriting. During sessions, trained therapists might help put a patient’s words or feelings to a song, co-write a tune, or simply listen. Makaran sometimes wrote songs to express her emotions, or just sang along.
The population of cancer survivors has increased in recent decades to 18.6 million people in America alone. Dr. Kevin Lion says there is a greater need for varied therapies to improve their quality of life. “We want a wide range of tools to better personalize treatments,” he says. The next phase of research is to look at the characteristics of patients likely to benefit from music therapy.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了玛卡兰因癌症治疗困境接触音乐疗法，以及音乐疗法对癌症患者的积极作用和相关研究进展。
考点三 考查社会体育艺术类词汇
命题预测
1．How did Makaran initially feel about music
A．Enthusiastic. B．Favorable. C．Negative. D．Doubtful.
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Makaran hated piano lessons she took as a child. It amused her that she found second-career success as a DJ a decade ago, playing tunes for MTV and other clients.(玛卡兰小时候很讨厌上钢琴课。十年前，她转行成为一名唱片骑士并取得了成功，为音乐电视网和其他客户演奏乐曲，这让她觉得十分有趣)”以及“I never thought of music for my own healing until I really needed it.(直到我真正需要的时候，我才想到用音乐来治愈自己)”可推知，玛卡兰小时候讨厌钢琴课，起初也没把音乐和自我治愈联系起来，对音乐的初始态度是负面的。故选C项。

考点三 考查社会体育艺术类词汇
命题预测
2．What did Makaran realize after her doctor’s advice
A．Doctors hold all the keys. B．Mental wellness helps recovery.
C．Music alone holds magic. D．Medical treatment is needless.
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He responded simply, “Be happy.” Initially she couldn’t believe it, but then she understood, “If I can manage my stress and my emotions, I would have the best chance of surviving, even though I was taken off treatment.”(他只是简单地回答：“要开心点。” 起初她不敢相信，但后来她明白了：“即使我停止了治疗，如果我能控制好自己的压力和情绪，我就有最大的生存机会。”)”可知，医生建议玛卡兰要开心，她由此意识到调节情绪、保持心理健康有助于病情恢复。故选B项。

考点三 考查社会体育艺术类词汇
命题预测
3．What can we infer about music therapy from paragraph 3
A．It features multiple methods.
B．It requires specific musical skills.
C．It is primarily based on writing songs.
D．It is more effective than traditional ones.
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The study involved seven weeks of therapy combining talk, music and songwriting. During sessions, trained therapists might help put a patient’s words or feelings to a song, co-write a tune, or simply listen.(这项研究包含为期七周的疗法，融合了谈话、音乐和歌曲创作。在治疗过程中，受过专业训练的治疗师可能会帮助患者将心声或感受谱写成歌、合作创作旋律，或者只是单纯倾听)”可推知，音乐疗法融合了多种形式，包含多种治疗方法。故选 A 项。

考点三 考查社会体育艺术类词汇
命题预测
4．Why do the researchers study the characteristics of patients
A．To train better therapists. B．To shape their taste in music.
C．To improve the quality of tools. D．To tailor therapy to specific needs.
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的““We want a wide range of tools to better personalize treatments,” he says. The next phase of research is to look at the characteristics of patients likely to benefit from music therapy.(他说：“我们需要各种各样的方法，以便更好地实现个性化治疗。”下一阶段的研究将着眼于那些可能从音乐疗法中受益的患者的特征)”可知，研究人员研究患者特征是为了根据患者具体情况量身定制个性化疗法。故选D项。

考点三 考查社会体育艺术类词汇
命题预测
（25-26高三上·湖南·阶段练习）Art can have incredible power over us. Yet even the most timeless and celebrated pieces can be ruined by the march of the centuries. Turning back the clock can be complicated —— scientifically and culturally. It requires a set of skills ranging from archaeology to chemistry.
Conservation starts with material analysis, whether the artwork is a cloth, sculpture, or painting. One approach was to remove a tiny piece of paint from an artwork to analyze layers of paint and see how the artist originally constructed it. But, increasingly, art conservation scientists have been able to adopt technologies to make the analysis process less invasive They often borrow these technologies from other fields, notably the medical field. CT scanning for instance, can help doctors peer into bodies, but it can also help art conservation experts find tiny details in artworks, such as fingerprints and tool marks that they couldn’t see with the naked eye —— without damaging the work itself.
考点三 考查社会体育艺术类词汇
命题预测
Although more high-tech could be a blessing to the field, what art conservation scientists really long for is more cooperation between scientists, native experts, affected communities and the general public. They have re-centered their focus from just what a piece of art is made of and how to keep it an shape to the culture from which the artwork originated “We’re still very much science-based, but we’ve also come to realize over time that these objects in our care have values rooted in them,” says Glenn Wharton, chair of the UCLA Program in the Conservation of Cultural Heritage. “We always try to assess these values, which leads us towards communicating with people whose cultural heritage it is.”
As with most things art, what gets conserved and what doesn’t usually comes down to time and money. The number of restoration projects is far more than the availability of qualified scientists in the field. And historically, it has often been the most valued works owned by the wealthy that were restored. But with the evolving field, this is changing.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍艺术品修复需多领域技能，现借医疗等领域技术减少破坏，专家更关注文化根源与价值，同时提及修复面临时间、资金等挑战。
考点三 考查社会体育艺术类词汇
命题预测
1．What can “turning back the clock” refer to in paragraph 1
A．Admiring a timeless artwork.
B．Restoring an ancient masterpiece.
C．Creating a copy of a celebrated sculpture.
D．Studying the history of a famous painting.
词句猜测题。根据第一段“Yet even the most timeless and celebrated pieces can be ruined by the march of the centuries. Turning back the clock can be complicated——scientifically and culturally. (然而，即便是最永恒、最著名的艺术品，也可能因岁月流逝而受损。Turning back the clock 无论是在科学层面还是文化层面，都可能很复杂。)”可知，前文说艺术品因时间受损，后文提及修复需要多领域技能，故“Turning back the clock”指“修复古老的杰作”。故选B项。

考点三 考查社会体育艺术类词汇
命题预测
2．What does the underlined word “invasive” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Destructive. B．Defensive. C．Restrictive. D．Expensive.
词句猜测题。根据第二段“One approach was to remove a tiny piece of paint from an artwork to analyze layers of paint and see how the artist originally constructed it. But, increasingly, art conservation scientists have been able to adopt technologies to make the analysis process less invasive They often borrow these technologies from other fields , notably the medical field. CT scanning for instance, can help doctors peer into bodies, but it can also help art conservation experts find tiny details in artworks, such as fingerprints and tool marks that they couldn’t see with the naked eye—— without damaging the work itself. (一种方法是从艺术品上取下一小块颜料，分析颜料的分层结构，从而了解艺术家最初是如何创作这件作品的。但如今，艺术品保护科学家们已能逐渐采用新技术，让分析过程更少invasive。他们常会从其他领域借鉴这些技术，尤其是医疗领域。例如，CT 扫描既能帮助医生透视人体，也能帮助艺术品保护专家发现艺术品中肉眼无法看到的细微细节，比如指纹和工具痕迹 —— 且整个过程不会对艺术品本身造成损坏。)”可知，旧方法“取下颜料”有破坏性，新方法“不损坏作品”，故invasive意为“破坏性的”，与destructive含义相近。故选A项。

考点三 考查社会体育艺术类词汇
命题预测
3．What have conservation experts primarily shifted their focus to
A．Modern technologies for restoration.
B．The composition of artistic materials.
C．Artworks’ cultural origins and values.
D．Artworks’ physical shapes and colors.
细节理解题。根据第三段“They have re-centered their focus from just what a piece of art is made of and how to keep it an shape to the culture from which the artwork originated “We’re still very much science-based, but we’ve also come to realize over time that these objects in our care have values rooted in them,” says Glenn Wharton, chair of the UCLAProgram in the Conservation of Cultural Heritage. “We always try to assess these values, which leads us towards communicating with people whose cultural heritage it is.” (他们已将关注重点重新调整：从单纯研究艺术品的材质构成、如何保存完好，转向了艺术品所属的文化本源。加州大学洛杉矶分校文化遗产保护项目主任格伦 沃顿表示：“我们依然高度依赖科学，但随着时间推移也逐渐意识到，我们所守护的这些物品蕴含着深层价值。我们始终会努力评估这些价值，而这也促使我们去和拥有该文化遗产的人群沟通。”)”可知，保护专家主要将焦点转向了艺术品的文化根源与价值。故选C项。

考点三 考查社会体育艺术类词汇
命题预测
4．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．Historical achievements. B．Practical challenges.
C．Valuable heritage D．Adequate resources.
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“As with most things art, what gets conserved and what doesn’t usually comes down to time and money. The number of restoration projects is far more than the availability of qualified scientists in the field. And historically, it has often been the most valued works owned by the wealthy that were restored. But with the evolving field, this is changing. (和艺术领域的多数事情一样，一件艺术品是否会被保护，通常取决于时间和资金。目前，修复项目的数量远多于该领域内合格科学家的数量。从历史上看，往往是富人拥有的、价值最高的艺术品才会得到修复。但随着这个领域的不断发展，这种情况正在改变。)”可知，该段主要讲述艺术品保护面临的“时间、资金、人才短缺”等实际挑战。故选B项。

考点四 考查人物观点态度类词汇
真题动向
(2024全国甲卷C篇) Doctors see up to 150 patients every day. The train’s equipment allows for basic checkups. “I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned,” says Ducke. “They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want. ”
31. What is Ducke’s attitude toward the Saint Lukas’ services
A. Appreciative. B. Doubtful C. Ambiguous. D. Cautious.
推断判断题。根据最后一段的““I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned, ” says Ducke. “They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want. ”(“医生和他们的助手在这么小的空间里工作和生活，但仍然保持专注和非常关注，这给我留下了深刻的印象，”Ducke说。这是许多农村人获得他们想要的治疗的最好机会。”)”可知，Ducke对Saint Lukas的服务持赞赏的态度，故选A。

考点四 考查人物观点态度类词汇
关键能力
能力1 乐观支持类核心词汇：
1.optimistic __________
2.positive __________
3.favorable __________
4.supportive __________
5.approving __________
6.appreciative __________
乐观的
肯定的
支持的，赞同的
支持的
赞成的
赞赏的
考点四 考查人物观点态度类词汇
关键能力
能力2 消极反对类核心词汇：
1.negative __________
2.opposite __________
3.unfair __________
4.doubtful __________
5.indifferent __________
6.critical __________
7.ironic __________
8.skeptical __________
9.disappointed __________
10.disapproving __________
11.pessimistic __________
12.dismissive __________
否定的
相反的
公正的
怀疑的
漠不关心的
批评的
讽刺的
质疑的
失望的
不赞同的
悲观的
轻蔑的，不屑一顾的
考点四 考查人物观点态度类词汇
关键能力
能力3 客观中立类核心词汇：
1.objective __________
2.neutral __________
3.cautious __________
4.reserved __________
客观的
中立的
谨慎的
保留的
考点四 考查人物观点态度类词汇
命题预测
【预测1】（2022高三上·全国·专题练习）The problems of excessive energy consumption, climate change and population growth have been described in a book by the American writer Thomas L. Friedman. He fears the worst, but hopes for the best.
Friedman points out that the green economy is a chance to keep American strength. “The ability to design, build and export green technologies for producing clean water, clean air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century.”
1．What is Friedman’s attitude towards America’s future
A．Ambiguous. B．Doubtful. C．Hopeful. D．Tolerant
【详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“He fears the worst, but hopes for the best.(他担心最坏的情况，却抱最好的希望)”以及最后一段中“Friedman points out that the green economy is a chance to keep American strength.( Friedman指出，绿色经济是保持美国实力的一个机会)”可见，Friedman虽然对未来担心，但抱有最好的希望，他指出了发展绿色经济是保持美国实力的一个机会的想法。可推知，Friedman对未来是充满希望的，故选C。

考点四 考查人物观点态度类词汇
命题预测
【预测2】（2024高三·全国·专题练习）“As long as our best technology for seeing inside the brain requires subjects to lie nearly motionless while surrounded by a giant magnet, we’re only going to make limited pro gress on these questions,” Allen said.
2．What is Allen’s attitude to the current study on the human brain
A．Cautious. B．Indifferent. C．Approving. D．Pessimistic.
【详解】推理判断题。根据““As long as our best technology for seeing inside the brain requires subjects to lie nearly motionless while surrounded by a giant magnet, we’re only going to make limited pro gress on these questions,” Allen said.”（艾伦说：“只要我们最好的观察大脑内部的技术要求受试者躺在一个巨大的磁铁周围不动，我们就只能在这些问题上取得有限的进展。”）”可知，Allen对目前关于人类大脑的研究的态度是消极的，故选D。

考点四 考查人物观点态度类词汇
命题预测
【预测3】（2026高三·全国·专题练习）People are also worried by language change. If younger people “break” the rules that older people have learnt, older people often feel disturbed: they are concerned that younger people no longer know their grammar, and that the language is going downhill. This is a needless worry: change is natural and inevitable, it cannot be stopped, and it does not generally affect a languages efficiency as a communicative tool. A great deal of modern English grammar would have been wrong three hundred years ago, and will perhaps be wrong again three hundred years from now.
3．What is the author's attitude towards the changes of English
A．Disturbed. B．Optimistic. C．Cautious. D．Doubtful.
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。节选部分主要介绍了人们对语言变化的担心。
【详解】推理判断题。根据文章内容“This is a needless worry: change is natural and inevitable, it cannot be stopped, and it does not generally affect a languages efficiency as a communicative tool.(这是一个不必要的担心：变化是自然和不可避免的，它不能被阻止，它通常不会影响语言作为交流工具的效率。)”可知，在作者看来这是一个不必要的担忧且不可避免，由此可推断，对于英语的变化，作者是持乐观态度的。故选B项。

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