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必修第三册
高考总复习 英语 人教版
必修第三册 UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION
索引
Part 1　主题语境运用与提升
Part 2　必备知识体验式学习
Part 3　关键能力浸入式训练
课时跟踪练
A Symbol of China
Of all the symbols representing China，the Great Wall, a miracle [奇迹] created by the ancient Chinese, tops[v. 居...之首] my recommendation list [推荐清单].
Originally built in the Qin Dynasty and expanded[扩建] and strengthened[加强] in the Ming Dynasty, it became the world's largest military structure[军事结构]. And its historic and strategic importance is matched only by[只能和...相媲美] its architectural significance, which makes it a symbol of the unity[团结], strength and wisdom of the Chinese people.
The Great Wall now is China's biggest tourist attraction. As the saying goes, “He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.” So come and experience it first hand.
中国宇宙和海洋探索历程
Shenzhou 5：Independently sent humans into space.独立将人类送入太空
Shenzhou 6：Completed a second manned orbit载人轨道飞行.
Shenzhou 7：Completed the first Chinese spacewalk太空行走.
Jade Rabbit：Studied the surface表面 of the moon.
Tiangong 2：Furthered推进 the establishment of a space station.
Tianzhou 1：Docked with对接 Tiangong 2.
Chang'e 4：Explored the surface of the far side of the moon月球背面.
Zheng He：Made seven voyages to the Western seas between 1405 and 1433. His fleets舰队 were a sight to behold非常壮观 and were in a league of their own at that time.
The 21st Maritime Silk Road21世纪海上丝绸之路：A part of the Belt and Road Initiative一带一路倡议. It has encouraged cooperation鼓励合作 and strengthened the bonds加强联系 between China and the rest of the world.
In recent years：China has joined other nations on several expeditions探险 to explore the Arctic北极.
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必修第三册
02
Part 2　必备知识体验式学习
determine　vt.确定(fix or find out exactly)；决定(make a firm decision to do sth.)；查明(discover the facts)
determine on/upon (doing) sth.决定(做)某事
determine to do sth. 决定做某事(表示动作) be determined to do sth. 决心做某事(表示状态)
determination n．决心；决定
[名师点津]　be determined to do sth.作状语的用法是考查重点, 有类似用法的还有lost in, caught in, absorbed in等。
①(2024·全国Ⅰ卷)When the epidemic疫情 broke out爆发, he determined to become (become) a volunteer who worked as当... a gate guard in our community.
②Plus, determination (determine) and patience are the qualities I am proud to have, so I think I can overcome克服 any challenges (that) life might throw at me.
③Determined to study hard (下定决心刻苦学习), he bored a hole in the wall to “steal” light from his neighbor to read at night.(形容词短语作状语)
disappointed　adj.失望的；沮丧的(dissatisfied；depressed；frustrated)
be disappointed at/with/about sth.对某事感到失望
be disappointed in sb.对某人感到失望 be disappointed that...对……感到失望；沮丧
be disappointed to do sth.因做某事而失望
disappoint vt.使失望
disappointment n.失望;沮丧
disappointing adj.令人失望的;令人扫兴的
(much) to one's disappointment＝to one's (great) disappointment 使某人(非常)失望的是
①How disappointing (disappoint) it was to have missed the train!
②We were all disappointed to learn (learn) that the picnic had been cancelled.
③(情感描写＋动作描写)Disappointed (disappoint) and frustrated, I dragged my feet back home拖着脚回家, feeling extremely lonely.
④(情感描写)She did whatever she could to assist me and with time going by my disappointment (disappoint) gradually gave way to 让步于;变成 my gratitude to him.
desire　n.渴望；欲望(a strong hope or wish) vt.渴望；期望(long for)
have a strong desire to do sth.迫切想要做某事
have a strong desire for sth.渴望得到某物
desire to do sth.渴望做某事 be eager/anxious/dying to do sth. ; long to do sth.
desire sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth.
desire that...(should) do sth.渴望……(应当)做某事
desirable adj.令人向往的；值得拥有的
①Our social instincts (本能) include the intense强烈的 desire to belong (belong).
②(2024·北京卷)By my fourth year, my desperation 绝望;渴求 to succeed overshadowed 掩盖 my desire for independence.
③(2023·全国甲卷)Bangkok is a highly desirable (desire) destination for food lovers.
④The disappointed twins desired that their father should help/help (help) them to make breakfast for their mother.
argue　vt.& vi.讨论(discuss);争论(quarrel);说服(persuade);争辩(debate);论证
argue with sb.about/over sth.与某人争论某事
argue for/against sth.赞成/反对某事
argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事
argue that sb.(should)...主张……；认为……
argument n．争论；争辩；争吵；论点 have an argument with与……争论, 争吵
①It is beyond argument (argue) that 毋庸置疑 the Great Wall is the symbol of China.
②As our family income decreased, Father argued against an increase in our pocket money.
③Having a desire to master some basic living skills, I argued my mother into teaching (teach) me how to cook during the May Day holiday.
④(2022·全国乙卷)65%的学生赞成听英语歌曲而18%的学生主张他们可以通过读英语名著来提高他们的英语水平。
65% of the students argue for listening to English songs while 18% of the students argue that they can raise their English to a higher level through reading English classics.
(原因) result in (结果)　导致；造成 (lead to；make for；bring about)
(结果) result from (原因)　由……造成；因……而产生 (arise from、stem from)
[逗号隔开] as a result结果 (therefore、thus、consequently)
as a result of由于……；作为……的结果 (because of、due to、owing to)
without result 没有结果；白费 (in vain)
①It's generally admitted that misunderstandings often resulting from lack of social communication and, if not handled properly, may result in more serious problems.As a result, we should have a good command of basic communicating skills.
②He was careless.As a result, he failed in the exam.
→As a result of his carelessness, he failed in the exam.(as a result of)
→His failure in the exam resulted from his carelessness.(result from)
→ His carelessness resulted in his failure in the exam.(result in)
run out　用完；耗尽(be used up)
run out of＝use up用完；耗尽
give out耗尽；筋疲力尽【be worn out】
run into撞进；遭遇【come across(人)、meet with(困难)】；达到【reach、hit(数字)】
run across偶然遇到；穿过
run after追求；追赶, 追逐【chase、pursue】
①If they run out of certain daily necessities日常必需品, Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase买 what's needed.
②In the future, care for the environment will become very important as随着 the earth's natural resources run out．
③I ran across one of my old friends when I was walking in the street the other day.
动名词短语作主语：
直接位于句首作主语。
用it作形式主语, 把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。常用于It is no use doing...(做……没有用)；It is no good doing...(做……没有好处)；It is fun doing...(做……有趣)；It is a waste of time doing...(做……浪费时间)等句型中。
动名词的复合结构作主语。 让我的心提到嗓子眼了
①Getting (get) lost in the forest made my heart in my mouth. However, I knew that it was no use feeling (feel) frightened and finding (find) my way out of the spot was the most important thing.
②我认为, 听音乐不是浪费时间, 因为它使我在一天的忙碌之后得到了放松。
I argue that it is not a waste of time listening to music, because it makes me relaxed after a busy day.
④在虚拟现实中探索空间是一件非常有趣的事情, 它以一种有趣的方式促进了我对宇宙的理解。
It's great fun exploring space in virtual reality, which promotes my understanding of the universe in an interesting way.
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必修第三册
03
Part 3　关键能力浸入式训练
1．(2024·北京卷)That dream reminded me that those fears and desires (desire) could encourage me to take risks and make experiments.
2．(2024·北京卷)Once a pair has been determined (determine) to be suitable, the students will be contacted individually with a special permission number to register for the programme.
3．(2023·全国乙卷)I desired to learn (learn) a new skill, so I requested my mother to teach me how to cook during the summer vacation.
4．(2023·浙江1月卷)The tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence (intelligent).
5．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Producing (produce) food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources (resource) used to grow it.
desire to do sth. 渴望做某事
be determined to do sth 决心做某事
intelligent adj. --intellgence n. 智力
6．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)David's energy was running (run) out but when he heard loud cheers from the audience, he was plodding his way步履蹒跚地走 towards the finishing line, bathed in sweat浑身是汗.
7．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)As the twins looked around them in disappointment
(disappoint), their father appeared.
8．When the students on the playground saw the colorful balloons floating (float) in the sky，they became excited.
9．You should turn with a signal; otherwise, you may be at risk sometimes.
10．For lack of enough evidence, the accused (accuse) was allowed to go free (无罪)释放.
disappoint v.--disappointment n.
lack of 缺乏
accuse v.--accusation n. 指控
the accused被告
3．这次活动不仅将提供一个了解中国文化的机会, 而且将增进相互理解和友谊。
Not only will the activity provide an opportunity to learn about the Chinese culture, but also it will result in mutual understanding and friendship．
4．他是第一个实现全球航行（的）梦想的中国人, 因此我非常崇拜他。
He is the first Chinese to realize the dream of sailing around the world, for which I admire him very much.
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必修第三册
01
Part 1　主题语境运用与提升
Mankind has managed to create 1.facilities (facility) and vehicles to carry astronauts into the universe. [设施 (拓:不可数的设施equipment)]
They launch [v.发起;启动;发射 n.发布会;游艇] rockets carrying satellites.
Many intelligent people around the globe are 2.determined (determine) to devoted to [专注于+doing sth.] space exploration, even though fatal space disasters 3.which/that killed astronauts on board make them disappointed.
In addition, when living in space, the astronauts have to recycle[再利用] dirty water so as to[为了] use it later and for lack of [由于缺乏] gravity, their muscles become weak.
They have to tie[v.系 n.领带] everything up, 4.otherwise/or they would float[v.漂浮 n.浮板] around.
They also need to figure out[想出;解决 (拓：work out; solve)] a way to store[v. 储藏] sufficient food and oxygen, but people's desire to explore space never dies.
[死亡;消失;停止运转My car just died on me;渴望be dying to do sth]
China is the third country 5.to send (send) humans into space independently. [the+序数词+to do第几个做某事的人]
This 6.signals (signal) a giant leap forward for China. [v.&n. 标志]
Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money on space exploration, 7.which is a shallow view. [adj. 浅的;肤浅的 n. 浅滩]
Our planet's resources are limited, and as a result, we should find a new home to provide 8.for [为了提供] the ever increasing[不断增长的] population.
In closing,[最后] we attach great importance to 9.solving (solve) the mystery about space and will carry on[继续] with space exploration 10.regularly (regular).
[attach great importance to+doing sth. 重视，= pay great attention to]
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必修第二册
课时练
B
At the time of writing this, more than 600 people have gone to space.The first person to do it was the Soviet astronaut Yuri Gagarin, in 1961. Most of the people that have achieved the dream of flying to outer space have been astronauts that form part of space agencies although a few have gone as part of space tourism trips.
But space exploration can be a risky profession. We have all heard about unfortunate accidents like that of the Apollo 1 training crew or the Space Shuttle Challenger. To date, there have been 188 accidents related to space flights. Fortunately, the number of accidents has greatly been reduced since the 1980s as space agencies have gotten better at conducting safety protocols (协议).
5．What can we learn from the text
A．Yuri Gagarin was a pioneer in space trips.
B．Most people flew to space mainly for travel.
C．Human exploration for space began in the 1980s.
D．About 30% astronauts suffered from space accidents.
But space exploration can be a risky profession. We have all heard about unfortunate accidents like that of the Apollo 1 training crew or the Space Shuttle Challenger. To date, there have been 188 accidents related to space flights. Fortunately, the number of accidents has greatly been reduced since the 1980s as space agencies have gotten better at conducting safety protocols (协议).
6．What has reduced the number of space flight related accidents
A．More advanced technology.
B．Stronger safety measures.
C．Stricter limits to space flights.
D．More financial support.
There have been a few cases of spacecraft that have been “lost in space”．For example, the Apollo 10 released the descent module (舱) while they were orbiting the Moon. The module did not have any astronauts inside and was “lost” although it was released in such a way that it would go into orbit around the Sun. The module was located in 2019 using a telescope. As for other types of accidents, there have been cases of satellites that have collided (碰撞) or been hit by something. But those are unmanned and they usually fall into Earth and are disintegrated from the heat as they enter the atmosphere.
In short, there are no human bodies lost in space. Most space flight related accidents that involved people have happened while still on Earth.
7．Why is paragraph 4 mentioned 【段落目的 回归写作初心】
A．To prove space exploration is becoming risky.
B．To add some background information for space.
C．To further explain no astronauts died in space.
D．To introduce more space flight related accidents.
8．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text 【回顾首尾段】
A．How Did Space Flight Related Accidents Happen in History
B．Why Is Space Exploration a Dangerous Mission
C．Are There Any Satellites Hit by Something in Space
D．Have Any Astronauts Been Lost in Space Forever
At the time of writing this, more than 600 people have gone to space. The first person to do it was the Soviet astronaut Yuri Gagarin, in 1961. Most of the people that have achieved the dream of flying to outer space have been astronauts that form part of space agencies although a few have gone as part of space tourism trips.
But space exploration can be a risky profession. ......
In short, there are no human bodies lost in space. Most space flight related accidents that involved people have happened while still on Earth.
A．Putting rice cookers on the floor
B．The following are just some of them
C．Having noodles or rice every day
D．Americans do eat a lot of hamburgers
E．You can have ice cream before your meal
F．I've often heard that hot water is better for digestion than cold water
G．In the West, we clean our tabletops quite well
把电饭锅放在地板上
以下只是其中的一些
每天吃面条或米饭
美国人确实吃很多汉堡包
你可以在饭前吃冰淇淋
F.我经常听说热水比冷水更有利于消化
G.在西方，我们把桌面打扫得很干净
(2025·江苏南通名校联盟高三上模拟)There are many customary differences between the West and the East，of which are some of China's eating habits，which many Westerners would find quite hard to understand.__1__．
A．Putting rice cookers on the floor
B．The following are just some of them
C．Having noodles or rice every day
D．Americans do eat a lot of hamburgers
E．You can have ice cream before your meal
F．I've often heard that hot water is better for digestion than cold water
G．In the West，we clean our tabletops quite well
Not eating food dropped on a table
I've seen the disgust in people's faces here when I've dropped food on the table only to then pick it up and eat it. __2__．Our thought is，“A tabletop has had nothing but food on it. No one walks on it，sits on it or throws garbage on it. Why is it considered so dirty？” We don't get it.
A．Putting rice cookers on the floor
C．Having noodles or rice every day
D．Americans do eat a lot of hamburgers
E．You can have ice cream before your meal
F．I've often heard that hot water is better for digestion than cold water
G．In the West，we clean our tabletops quite well
__3__
Westerners don't want their food near the floor. Dust, germs, etc. are far more likely to get into the rice. I've been in several restaurants and nearly everyone I've seen puts their rice cookers on the floor.
A．Putting rice cookers on the floor
C．Having noodles or rice every day
D．Americans do eat a lot of hamburgers
E．You can have ice cream before your meal
F．I've often heard that hot water is better for digestion than cold water
Eating dessert before a meal
Every Western child's dream would be to live in China for the purpose that he/she could eat the dessert before they eat their main meal.I'm not sure about this Western tradition of eating dessert last.In China，it doesn't matter.__4__．Westerners would find that very strange.
C．Having noodles or rice every day
D．Americans do eat a lot of hamburgers
E．You can have ice cream before your meal
F．I've often heard that hot water is better for digestion than cold water
Drinking hot water with your meal
Often，it has been my experience that many Chinese will not have a drink (water，tea，etc.) with a meal. But，when they do，it is usually hot water. __5__． However，we westerners like cold water or cold drinks.
C．Having noodles or rice every day
D．Americans do eat a lot of hamburgers
F．I've often heard that hot water is better for digestion than cold water
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必修第二册
默写本作文
Dear Pal，
Remember I'd signed up for[报名参加] the space program Well, I just got back from[从...回来] the two day simulated[adj. 模拟的] manned[adj.载人的] flight[n.飞行] activities,and it was awesome[adj.极佳的]!
We started out with[以...开始] some theory, and then launched model rockets[发射模型火箭]. After that we tried the simulator[n. 模拟器]. I put on a spacesuit[穿上太空服] and tried walking in a world with zero gravity[n. 重力]. It's strange to float[v. 漂浮] around like that—in fact, many people got space sick! Luckily, I felt fine. Then I returned to the capsule[n. 太空舱] and travelled to[到达] the "Moon" for some lunar exploration. You should join such programs too—you'd love it!
Write soon![尽快回信]
Yours，
Li Hua
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必修第二册
形变副规律
一、核心规则（覆盖 80% 以上词汇）
1. 直接加 -ly（最普遍）
注意：以 “e” 结尾的形容词，直接加 -ly（例外：true→truly） 。
2. 以 “y” 结尾（分情况变化）
①:“辅音字母 + y” 结尾, 变 y 为 i 再加 -ly。 拓展：lucky→ luckily。
②:“元音字母 + y” 结尾, 直接加 -ly。 拓展：gay(快乐的)→gayly、grey→ greyly。
3. 以 “le” 结尾（去 e 加 y）：如“ble、ple、tle” 等结尾的形容词
拓展：subtle（微妙的）→ subtly、simple→ simply。
二、特殊规则（高频特殊变化）
1. 以 “ic” 结尾（加 -ally）：先加 -al 再加 -ly（双重后缀）。
注意：少数例外：public → publicly（直接加 -ly）。
2. 以 “ll” 结尾（直接加 -y）拓展：full→fully
3. 完全不规则变化，需特殊记忆（部分副词与形容词同形）
good → well、fast → fast、hard → hard、late → late、early → early。
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必修第二册
Goodbye
Thanks!
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