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初中英语语法中考专项复习——介词
介词中考核心考点总览
考点1：时间介词at/on/in的精确使用 考点2：地点介词at/in/on的方位表达 考点3：其他方位介词（above, below, beside, between等） 考点4：介词与动词/形容词的固定搭配 考点5：介词短语的句法功能 考点6：易混介词辨析与特殊用法
二、介词考点系统讲解
考点1：时间介词at/on/in 中考要求： 掌握at/on/in在时间表达中的精确区别 理解特殊时间表达中的介词使用 掌握时间介词与名词的固定搭配 时间介词使用规则表： 介词使用范围具体示例记忆口诀at精确时间点at 3 o'clock, at noon, at midnight点时间用at短暂时刻at the moment, at that time节日（当天）at Christmas, at Easter年龄at the age of 10on具体某一天on Monday, on May 1st某天用on记某天的时段on Sunday morning, on a rainy day特殊日期on my birthday, on New Year's Dayin月份/季节/年份in May, in summer, in 2023长时用in行一天中的时段in the morning, in the afternoon时间段后in three days, in a week
特殊时间表达： this/next/last/every + 时间名词：不加介词 I'll see you next Monday.（√） I'll see you on next Monday.（×） all + 时间名词：不加介词 He worked all day.（√） He worked in all day.（×） today, tomorrow, yesterday：不加介词 See you tomorrow.（√） See you on tomorrow.（×）
中考真题再现： 例1： We usually have lunch ______ noon.
A. at B. on C. in D. for
答案：A
解析：noon是时间点，用at。 例2： I was born ______ May 5th, 2008.
A. at B. on C. in D. by
答案：B
解析：具体日期用on。
考点2：地点介词at/in/on 中考要求： 掌握at/in/on在地点表达中的区别 理解抽象地点与具体地点的介词使用 掌握地点介词与名词的搭配 地点介词使用规则表： 介词使用范围具体示例记忆技巧at具体地点（小地点）at home, at school, at the station点地点用at门牌号at 123 Main Street事件场所at the party, at the meetingin较大范围（城市、国家）in Beijing, in China, in Asia大范围用in封闭空间in the room, in the car, in the box自然区域in the park, in the gardenon表面接触on the table, on the wall, on the floor表面用on记街道（无门牌）on Main Street, on the road特定位置on the left, on the first floor
抽象地点表达： in + 抽象名词： in danger（处于危险中） in trouble（陷入麻烦） in love（恋爱中） at + 抽象名词： at work（工作中） at school（在上学） at home（在家）
例3： My father works ______ a factory.
A. at B. on C. in D. by
答案：C
解析：工厂是较大封闭空间，用in。 例4： There is a picture ______ the wall.
A. at B. on C. in D. by
答案：B
解析：墙的表面用on。
考点3：方位介词 中考要求： 掌握常见方位介词的含义与用法 理解方位介词的空间关系表达 掌握方位介词在句子中的位置 方位介词分类表： 类别介词含义图示例句上下方位above在上方（不接触）A above BThe plane is above the clouds.over正上方（垂直）A over BThere is a bridge over the river.below在下方（不接触）A below BThe submarine is below the sea.under正下方（垂直）A under BThe cat is under the table.beneath紧贴下方（接触）A beneath BHe put a mat beneath the vase.前后方位in front of在...前面（外部）A in front of BThe car is in front of the house.behind在...后面A behind BThe garden is behind the house.before在...前面（抽象/时间）A before BYour name comes before mine.after在...后面（抽象/时间）A after BSummer comes after spring.左右方位on the left/right在左/右边Turn left at the corner.to the left/right向左/右方向There is a tree to the left of the house.相邻方位beside在...旁边A beside BSit beside me.next to紧挨着A next to BThe bank is next to the post office.near在...附近A near BI live near the school.by在...旁边A by BStand by the door.相对方位opposite在...对面A opposite BThe bank is opposite the supermarket.across from在...对面A across from BMy house is across from the park.中间方位between在两者之间A between B and CThe ball is between the two boxes.among在三者及以上之间A among B, C, DHe is standing among the trees.
方位介词辨析重点 above/over：above表示相对高度，over表示垂直上方 below/under：below表示相对下方，under表示正下方 between/among：between用于两者，among用于三者及以上 in front of/before：in front of指空间前面，before多指时间或顺序
中考真题再现： 例5： There is a bridge ______ the river.
A. above B. over C. on D. at
答案：B
解析：桥在河的正上方，用over。 例6： He is sitting ______ me and Tom.
A. among B. between C. beside D. next to
答案：B
解析：两人之间用between。
考点4：介词与动词/形容词的固定搭配 中考要求： 掌握常见动词+介词固定搭配 掌握常见形容词+介词固定搭配 理解介词在短语中的含义 常见动词+介词固定搭配： 动词介词含义例句looklook at看Look at the blackboard.look for寻找I'm looking for my keys.look after照顾She looks after her little brother.look forward to期待I look forward to seeing you.listenlisten to听Listen to the teacher carefully.waitwait for等待Wait for me at the gate.talktalk to/with与...交谈He is talking to his friend.talk about谈论They are talking about the movie.arrivearrive at（小地点）到达We arrived at the station.arrive in（大地点）到达They arrived in Beijing yesterday.dependdepend on依赖It depends on the weather.
常见形容词+介词固定搭配： 形容词介词含义例句goodgood at擅长He is good at swimming.good for对...有益Exercise is good for health.interestedinterested in对...感兴趣I'm interested in music.proudproud of为...自豪She is proud of her son.afraidafraid of害怕The child is afraid of dogs.differentdifferent from与...不同English is different from Chinese.famousfamous for因...出名China is famous for the Great Wall.strictstrict with对...严格The teacher is strict with us.angryangry with（人）生...的气She is angry with her brother.angry at（事）对...生气He is angry at the decision.
中考真题再现： 例7： She is good ______ playing the piano.
A. at B. in C. with D. for
答案：A
解析：be good at固定搭配。 例8： We are looking forward ______ your reply.
A. to B. for C. at D. with
答案：A
解析：look forward to doing固定搭配。
考点5：介词短语的句法功能 中考要求： 理解介词短语在句中的成分 掌握介词短语作状语、定语、表语的用法 掌握介词短语的位置 介词短语句法功能表： 句法功能位置例句说明作状语句首/句中/句末In the morning, we go to school.（时间状语）修饰动词、形容词或整个句子He works with great care.（方式状语）We study for our future.（目的状语）作定语名词后The book on the desk is mine.（后置定语）修饰名词，相当于形容词The girl in red is my sister.作表语系动词后The book is on the table.（表位置）说明主语的状态或位置He is in trouble.（表状态）作宾语补足语宾语后I found him in the library.补充说明宾语
介词短语位置规则： 作状语：位置灵活 句首：强调状语 句中：修饰动词 句末：补充说明 作定语：必须紧跟在所修饰的名词后 正确：the man in black 错误：in black the man 作表语：跟在系动词后 The keys are in the drawer.
中考真题再现： 例9： The boy ______ blue is my cousin.
A. on B. in C. at D. with
答案：B
解析：介词短语in blue作定语修饰boy。 例10： My glasses are ______. I can't find them.
A. on the desk B. in the desk C. under the desk D. somewhere
答案：D
解析：介词短语作表语，表示位置。
考点6：易混介词辨析与特殊用法 中考要求： 辨析常见易混介词 掌握介词的特殊用法 易混介词辨析表： 介词对比区别点例句in/on/at（时间）in长on天at点in summer, on Monday, at 3 o'clockin/on/at（地点）in大on表面at点in China, on the wall, at homeby/with/throughby方式with工具through途径by car, with a pen, through hard workfor/sincefor时间段since时间点for 3 years, since 2020besides/exceptbesides包括except排除Besides Tom, three others came.（包括Tom）All came except Tom.（排除Tom）during/whileduring+名词while+句子during the meeting, while I was reading
介词特殊用法： 介词+动名词： Thank you for helping me. He is good at playing basketball. 介词省略情况： 某些动词后省略to：make sb do sth, let sb do sth 时间名词前：this/next/last/every + 时间
中考真题再现： 例11： I haven't seen him ______ three years.
A. since B. for C. in D. after
答案：B
解析：时间段用for。 例12： We usually go to school ______ bus.
A. by B. on C. in D. with
答案：A
解析：交通方式用by。
三、介词易错点考前速查
易错点错误示例正确形式记忆技巧时间介词混淆in Mondayon Monday具体某天用on地点介词混淆at Chinain China大地点用in交通方式错误by the busby busby+交通工具无冠词for/since混用since three daysfor three dayssince接时间点，for接时间段固定搭配错good in Englishgood at Englishbe good at固定搭配介词多余on this morningthis morningthis/next/last前不加介词介词遗漏listen musiclisten to music动词+介词固定搭配between/among不分among A and Bbetween A and B两者用between
四、介词中考模拟
一、单项选择 1. 时间介词（时刻） The meeting starts ______ 9:00 a.m. A. at B. on C. in D. for 2. 时间介词（日期） I was born ______ May 1st, 2010. A. at B. on C. in D. by 3. 时间介词（月份） We usually go on holiday ______ summer. A. at B. on C. in D. for 4. 地点介词（小地点） I'll meet you ______ the bus stop. A. at B. on C. in D. by 5. 地点介词（大地点） He lives ______ Beijing. A. at B. on C. in D. by 6. 地点介词（表面） There is a book ______ the desk. A. at B. on C. in D. by 7. 方位介词（上下） The plane is flying ______ the clouds. A. above B. over C. on D. at 8. 方位介词（之间） The bank is ______ the post office and the supermarket. A. among B. between C. beside D. next to 9. 动词+介词搭配 Please listen ______ the teacher carefully. A. at B. to C. for D. with 10. 动词+介词搭配 What are you looking ______ A. at B. for C. after D. B or C 11. 形容词+介词搭配 She is interested ______ music. A. at B. in C. with D. for 12. 形容词+介词搭配 Milk is good ______ your health. A. at B. in C. with D. for 13. 介词短语作定语 The girl ______ red is my sister. A. on B. in C. at D. with 14. 易混介词辨析 I haven't seen him ______ last week. A. for B. since C. from D. after 15. 特殊用法 We go to school ______ bus every day. A. by B. on C. in D. with 二、用适当的介词填空 16. What's the time ______ your watch 17. Don't be late ______ school. 18. He is sitting ______ the window. 19. Can you tell me the way ______ the station 20. She is afraid ______ dogs. 21. Thank you ______ your help. 22. The answer ______ the question is right. 23. What do you usually do ______ weekends 24. I received a letter ______ my friend yesterday. 25. He was born ______ a cold winter morning. 三、改错题 26. I'll see you on next Monday. → ______ 27. He is good in playing basketball. → ______ 28. We arrived to Beijing yesterday. → ______ 29. Please wait me at the gate. → ______ 30. There is a hole on the wall. → ______
测试答案及解析 一、单项选择 1. A 时间点用at 2. B 具体日期用on 3. C 季节用in 4. A 小地点用at 5. C 大地点用in 6. B 表面用on 7. A 在上方用above 8. B 两者之间用between 9. B listen to固定搭配 10. D look at看，look for寻找 11. B be interested in固定搭配 12. D be good for对...有益 13. B in red穿红衣服的 14. B since接时间点 15. A by bus乘公交车 二、用适当的介词填空 16. by（by one's watch按照某人的表） 17. for（be late for迟到） 18. by/near（坐在窗边） 19. to（the way to去...的路） 20. of（be afraid of害怕） 21. for（thank you for为...感谢） 22. to（the answer to...的答案） 23. on（on weekends在周末） 24. from（收到来自...的信） 25. on（具体某天的早晨用on） 三、改错题 26. on next Monday → next Monday 27. good in → good at 28. arrived to → arrived in 29. wait me → wait for me 30. on the wall → in the wall（墙上的洞用in）

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