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“语法填空”习题讲评课(四)
(共2篇，限时20分钟；满分30分，每小题1.5分)
　　　　Passage 1(2025·泰安二模)
Fourthgeneration intelligent buildings, marking 1.____________ enormous leap in architectural design, combine sustainability, technology, and humancentered innovation. These structures, the core feature of which lies in integration with the environment harmoniously, 2.__________ (design) originally to be powered entirely by renewable energy sources like solar panels. With advanced AI systems 3.__________ (integrate), they continuously monitor and adjust indoor conditions.
One defining characteristic is their ability to interact with residents through smart devices. For instance, facial recognition systems are activated 4.__________ (automatic) upon entry, while lighting and temperature adjust according to 5.__________ (person) preferences stored in cloud databases. Moreover, these buildings employ rainwater harvesting systems and the collected water is purified to be reused 6.__________ daily consumption. Such innovations not just reduce environmental impact but lower operational costs significantly.
A key advancement is the 7.____________ (apply) of IoT (物联网) technology. Sensors embedded (嵌入) in walls and floors collect realtime data, which is analyzed by AI 8.__________ (predict) maintenance needs. Having been tested in pilot projects worldwide, these structures demonstrate remarkable adaptability to climate changes. They even feature vertical gardens that improve air quality while serving as natural insulation.
Fourthgeneration intelligent buildings, 9.____________ innovative frameworks dynamically balance human needs and planetary health, redefine urban living by combining ecological responsibility with cuttingedge technology like IoTconnected devices, thus 10.____________ (offer) a comprehensive blueprint for future cities where human wellbeing and environmental harmony coexist effortlessly through intelligent spatial design and selfsustaining ecosystems.
揪出最易错的那2个　
第3题：因不明词义失分
许多考生都能分析出此处是with的复合结构，空处考查非谓语动词，但可能会因不熟悉integrate的词义“(使)加入，整合”，而无法判断出其与advanced AI systems之间的逻辑关系，从而错填其他非谓语形式。
第10题：因能力欠缺失分
本题所在句子为长难句，部分考生可能会因无法正确分析句式结构，或者不能区别谓语与非谓语而错填。解答此类题的依据是：一个句子中有且只能有一个谓语动词；句中已有谓语且没有连词时，另一个动词需用非谓语动词，然后再根据在句中作什么成分填适当形式。
　　　　Passage 2(2025·南通一模)
March 14 seems an ordinary day, but math learners know 11.____________ that means.It's Pi Day, a holiday honoring one of math's most famous constants (常量): pi.
The number pi, or π， is equal to the circumference (圆周长) of a circle 12.________ (divide) by the circle's diameter.That comes out to about 3.141,59.This is true for 13.____________ (circle) of all sizes, from pennies to pizzas to planets.Pi's value is often rounded to 3.14.That's why Pi Day 14.____________ (celebrate) on March 14.It's also why one Earthsized planet orbiting another star every 3.14 days is nicknamed “Pi Earth”．
But the exact value of pi is 15.__________ (actual) impossible to write out.In 2021, a 16.____________ (power) computer calculated pi to a recordbreaking 62.8 trillion figures.And in 2005, one 23yearold used clever mental tricks to recite nearly 68,000 of those figures from memory.No one, though, will ever get to 17.____________ end of pi.
Historians aren't sure when people first 18.____________ (discover) the concept of pi.But it's been known in some form 19.____________ almost 4,000 years.Ancient Greeks and Babylonians knew estimates of it.The Egyptians may have used pi 20.____________ (build) the pyramids.And still today, pi is used in just about all math involving circles.
揪出最易错的那2个　
第11题：因语法基础薄弱失分
部分考生可能会因不熟悉名词性从句的相关知识而错填成代词it或其他词。正确的做法是先分析句子结构，判定空处引导宾语从句，再结合语境及空处在宾语从句中充当宾语可推知，空处应填连接代词what。
第12题：因能力欠缺失分
本题易因对句式分析不到位而错填成谓语动词is divided。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词is，故本空应为非谓语动词。提示词divide与逻辑主语circle是动宾关系，故空处应填divided。
“语法填空”习题讲评课(四)
Passage 1
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了第四代智能建筑的特点、优势及其对未来城市生活的影响。
1．an　考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表示第四代智能建筑标志着建筑设计的一个巨大飞跃，泛指“一个巨大飞跃”，应用不定冠词，且enormous是发音以元音音素开头的单词，故填an。
2．were designed　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句子描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，且design“设计”与主语These structures构成被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态；主语为复数，be动词用were。
3．integrated　考查非谓语动词。此处为with的复合结构“with＋宾语＋宾补”，integrate“(使)加入，整合”与advanced AI systems构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。
4．automatically　考查副词。修饰动词activate，应用副词automatically“自动地”，在句中作状语。
5．personal　考查形容词。修饰名词preferences，应用形容词personal“个人的”，在句中作定语。
6．for　考查介词。由语境可知，此处指收集到的水经过净化后用于日常饮用。表示“重新用于”用固定短语be reused for。
7．application　考查名词。由语境可知，此处意为“一个关键的进步是物联网技术的应用”。作表语，表示“应用”，应用名词application。
8．to predict　考查非谓语动词。which引导的定语从句的谓语为is analyzed，空处应为非谓语动词，作目的状语应用predict“预测”的不定式。
9．whose　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Fourth generation intelligent buildings，指物，且关系词在从句中作定语，故用关系代词whose引导。
10．offering　考查非谓语动词。本句谓语为redefine，空处应为非谓语动词。此处表示自然而然的结果，故用offer“提供”的现在分词，在句中作状语。
Passage 2
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了 3 月 14 日是圆周率日 Pi Day ，这个节日是为了纪念数学中著名的常量圆周率。
11．what　考查宾语从句。know后接宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，意为“什么”，用what引导宾语从句。故填what。
12．divided　考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词is，空处用非谓语动词作后置定语，且the circumference (圆周长) of a circle和divide是被动关系，应用过去分词。故填 divided。
13．circles　考查名词复数。根据“of all sizes” 可知，此处指各种圆，应用 circle 的复数形式 circles。故填circles。
14．is celebrated　考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时；Pi Day 与 celebrate 是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语 Pi Day 是单数，be 动词用 is。故填is celebrated。
15．actually　考查副词。修饰形容词 impossible，应用副词 actually，意为“实际上”。故填actually。
16．powerful　考查形容词。修饰名词 computer，应用形容词 powerful，意为“强大的”。故填 powerful。
17．the　考查冠词。the end of ...表示“…… 的尽头”，为固定搭配。故填the。
18．discovered　考查时态。空处为从句的谓语动词，根据“first” 及语境可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，discover 的过去式为 discovered。故填discovered。
19．for　考查介词。“for ＋ 时间段” 表示动作持续的时间。故填for。
20．to build　考查非谓语动词。此处表目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to build。(共20张PPT)
第四讲 习题讲评——每卷2篇
语法填空限时训练/练后讲评
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“语法填空”习题讲评课(四)
(共2篇，限时20分钟；满分30分，每小题1.5分)
Passage 1(2025·泰安二模)
Fourth－generation intelligent buildings, marking 1 enormous leap in architectural design, combine sustainability, technology, and human－centered innovation. These structures, the core feature of which lies in integration with the environment harmoniously, 2 (design) originally to be powered entirely by renewable energy sources like solar panels. With advanced AI systems 3 (integrate), they continuously monitor and adjust indoor conditions.
One defining characteristic is their ability to interact with residents through smart devices. For instance, facial recognition systems are activated 4 (automatic) upon entry, while lighting and temperature adjust according to 5 (person) preferences stored in cloud databases. Moreover, these buildings employ rainwater harvesting systems and the collected water is purified to be reused 6 daily consumption. Such innovations not just reduce environmental impact but lower operational costs significantly.
A key advancement is the 7 (apply) of IoT (物联网) technology. Sensors embedded (嵌入) in walls and floors collect real－time data, which is analyzed by AI 8 (predict) maintenance needs. Having been tested in pilot projects worldwide, these structures demonstrate remarkable adaptability to climate changes. They even feature vertical gardens that improve air quality while serving as natural insulation.
Fourth－generation intelligent buildings， 9 innovative frameworks dynamically balance human needs and planetary health, redefine urban living by combining ecological responsibility with cutting－edge technology like IoT－connected devices, thus 10 (offer) a comprehensive blueprint for future cities where human well－being and environmental harmony coexist effortlessly through intelligent spatial design and self－sustaining ecosystems.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了第四代智能建筑的特点、优势及其对未来城市生活的影响。
1．an　考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表示第四代智能建筑标志着建筑设计的一个巨大飞跃，泛指“一个巨大飞跃”，应用不定冠词，且enormous是发音以元音音素开头的单词，故填an。
2．were designed　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句子描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，且design“设计”与主语These structures构成被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态；主语为复数，be动词用were。
3．integrated　考查非谓语动词。此处为with的复合结构“with＋宾语＋宾补”，integrate“(使)加入，整合”与advanced AI systems构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。
4．automatically　考查副词。修饰动词activate，应用副词automatically“自动地”，在句中作状语。
5．personal　考查形容词。修饰名词preferences，应用形容词personal“个人的”，在句中作定语。
6．for　考查介词。由语境可知，此处指收集到的水经过净化后用于日常饮用。表示“重新用于”用固定短语be reused for。
7．application　考查名词。由语境可知，此处意为“一个关键的进步是物联网技术的应用”。作表语，表示“应用”，应用名词application。
8．to predict　考查非谓语动词。which引导的定语从句的谓语为is analyzed，空处应为非谓语动词，作目的状语应用predict“预测”的不定式。
9．whose　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Fourth－generation intelligent buildings，指物，且关系词在从句中作定语，故用关系代词whose引导。
10．offering　考查非谓语动词。本句谓语为redefine，空处应为非谓语动词。此处表示自然而然的结果，故用offer“提供”的现在分词，在句中作状语。
揪出最易错的那2个
第3题：因不明词义失分
许多考生都能分析出此处是with的复合结构，空处考查非谓语动词，但可能会因不熟悉integrate的词义“(使)加入，整合”，而无法判断出其与advanced AI systems之间的逻辑关系，从而错填其他非谓语形式。
第10题：因能力欠缺失分
本题所在句子为长难句，部分考生可能会因无法分析句式结构，或者不能区别谓语与非谓语而错填。解答此类题的依据是：一个句子中有且只能有一个谓语动词；句中已有谓语且没有连词时，另一个动词需用非谓语动词，然后再根据在句中作什么成分填适当形式。
　Passage 2(2025·南通一模)
March 14 seems an ordinary day, but math learners know 11 that means.It's Pi Day, a holiday honoring one of math's most famous constants (常量): pi.
The number pi, or π， is equal to the circumference (圆周长) of a circle 12 (divide) by the circle's diameter.That comes out to about 3.141,59.This is true for 13 (circle) of all sizes, from pennies to pizzas to planets.Pi's value is often rounded to 3.14.That's why Pi Day 14 (celebrate) on March 14.It's also why one Earth－sized planet orbiting another star every 3.14 days is nicknamed “Pi Earth”．
But the exact value of pi is 15 (actual) impossible to write out.In 2021, a 16 (power) computer calculated pi to a record－breaking 62.8 trillion figures.And in 2005, one 23-year-old used clever mental tricks to recite nearly 68,000 of those figures from memory.No one, though, will ever get to 17 end of pi.
Historians aren't sure when people first 18 (discover) the concept of pi.But it's been known in some form 19 almost 4,000 years.Ancient Greeks and Babylonians knew estimates of it.The Egyptians may have used pi 20 (build) the pyramids.And still today, pi is used in just about all math involving circles.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了 3 月 14 日是圆周率日(Pi Day)，这个节日是为了纪念数学中著名的常量圆周率。
11．what　考查宾语从句。know后接宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，意为“什么”，用what引导宾语从句。故填what。
12．divided　考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词is，空处用非谓语动词作后置定语，且the circumference (圆周长) of a circle和divide是被动关系，应用过去分词。故填 divided。
13．circles　考查名词复数。根据“of all sizes” 可知，此处指各种圆，应用 circle 的复数形式 circles。故填circles。
14．is celebrated　考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时；Pi Day 与 celebrate 是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语 Pi Day 是单数，be 动词用 is。故填is celebrated。
15．actually　考查副词。修饰形容词 impossible，应用副词 actually，意为“实际上”。故填actually。
16．powerful　考查形容词。修饰名词 computer，应用形容词 powerful，意为“强大的”。故填 powerful。
17．the　考查冠词。the end of ...表示“…… 的尽头”，为固定搭配。故填the。
18．discovered　考查时态。空处为从句的谓语动词，根据“first” 及语境可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，discover 的过去式为 discovered。故填discovered。
19．for　考查介词。“for ＋ 时间段” 表示动作持续的时间。故填for。
20．to build　考查非谓语动词。此处表目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to build。
揪出最易错的那2个
第11题：因语法基础薄弱失分
部分考生可能会因不熟悉名词性从句的相关知识而错填成代词it或其他词。正确的做法是先分析句子结构，判定空处引导宾语从句，再结合语境及空处在宾语从句中充当宾语可推知，空处应填连接代词what。
第12题：因能力欠缺失分
本题易因对句式分析不到位而错填成谓语动词is divided。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词is，故本空应为非谓语动词。提示词divide与逻辑主语circle是动宾关系，故空处应填divided。

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