资源简介 Section A Welcome to the unit & Reading新知感知·自学导引Ⅰ.核心词汇1．portrait n. ____________2．____________ n. 乡村风景画；风景，景色3．____________ vi. & vt. 闲逛，漫步；走失；走神；蜿蜒曲折4．____________ n. 展览馆，画廊；长廊，走廊；楼上旁听席5．____________ n. 十年，十年期6．____________ adv. 主要地，一般地7．____________ n. 池塘，水池8．canvas n. ____________9．____________ n. (AmE ________)街区，城区；邻近的地方10．____________ vt. & vi. (struck，struck)突然想到；撞，碰；打；突击；罢工；划(火柴)n. 罢工；袭击；击，打11．____________ n. 环境，背景；情节背景12．____________ adj. 想法相同的，志趣相投的13．brushwork n. ____________14．____________ n. 本质，精髓；香精，精油15．____________ vt. 陈列，展出；显示，表现n. 陈列，展览；表现；展示16．____________ n. 职业，事业；使命感Ⅱ.拓展词汇1．________ n．解放，摆脱→________ vt.解放；释放2．________ adj.截然不同的；强烈反对的→________ vt.反对，对抗3．________ vt. & vi.在……中具有最重要(或明显)的特色；支配，控制；占有优势；俯视→________ n．控制，支配4．________ vt.运用，使用；雇用→________ n．运用，使用；雇用→________ n．雇主，老板→________ n．雇员，受雇者→________ n．失业；失业率；失业人数5．________ adj.逼真的，栩栩如生的；现实的，实际的；明智的→________ adj.真的；真实的，真正的→________ n．真实，现实→________ vt.实现，使……成为现实；认识到，意识到6．________ adj.鲜明的，耀眼的；生动的→________ adv.生动地7．________ n．远见卓识；视力，视野；想象→________ adj.看得见的：可见的8．________ adj.值得(或应得)……的；值得尊敬的，值得注意的→________ adj.值得；有……价值n.价值；意义；作用→________ adj.重要的；值得做的Ⅲ.重点短语1．________________ 期盼，期待2．________________ 看见/注意到……3．________________ 给某人留下深刻的印象4．________________ 在近处，很近地5．________________ 被……打动，迷恋6．________________ (表示对比)而，相对于7．________________ 值得……的Ⅳ.重点句型1．虽然要从如此多的惊人作品里挑出最喜欢的画作绝非易事，不过给我留下最深刻印象的艺术家是两位伟大的印象派画家，克劳德·莫奈和皮埃尔-奥古斯特·雷诺阿。__________________________________________________________________， the artists who made the deepest impression on me were two of the greatest Impressionist painters，Claude Monet and Pierre-Auguste Renoir.2．令人赞叹的是，莫奈每次端详睡莲池这处简单的风景，都以独特的方式让它的美跃然于画布之上。It is amazing that ____________ Monet studied this simple scene, he brought the pond's beauty to the canvas in a unique way.3．虽然这些画作场景各异，但是它们的相似之处——可以在印象派画作中看到的相似之处，让我在离开奥赛博物馆后久久不能忘怀。Although the paintings had very different settings,________________________________________________________________________—similarities which can be seen throughout the Impressionists' paintings.文本研析·语篇理解Ⅰ.语篇结构Ⅱ.根据课文内容选择正确答案1．What is the passage mainly about A．An introduction to an art museum.B．Monet's and Renoir's masterpieces.C．A visit to an art museum.D．Post-Impressionist painters.2．What does the phrase “laid eyes on” in Paragraph 2 mean A．Buy. B．View.C．Draw. D．Place.3．What's the purpose of the passage A．To introduce several world-famous artists.B．To give readers information about Impressionism.C．To introduce the Musée d'Orsay to readers.D．To introduce two famous paintings.4．What is the theme of Renoir's Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette A．Displaying scenes from his garden.B．Employing free brushwork.C．Small areas of light across the painting.D．Showing life in a busy neighbourhood of paris.Ⅲ.课文语法填空1．________ (house) in an old railway building, the Musée d'Orsay features some of the best-known paintings from the Impressionist movement of the 19th century.As I 2.________ (wander) through the Impressionist gallery in the Musée d'Orsay, I was most impressed by two of the 3.________ (great) Impressionists, Claude Monet and Pierre-Auguste Renoir. 4.________ my surprise, Monet did around 250 paintings of the same water lily pond in different colours and styles. 5.________ (amazing) he brought the beauty of the pond to the canvas in 6.________ unique way. Renoir's masterpiece Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette shows life in a busy neighbourhood of Paris on a Sunday afternoon. Seeing 7.________ up close, I was struck by the small areas of light across the painting, and the way the soft edges of the figures seemed to mix together. Monet and Renoir, as well as other like-minded artists, sought 8.________ (liberate) from the rules of the old style. Employing free brushwork and using colours 9.________ (show) the effect of light on things, they created paintings 10.________ were far less realistic than previous works. To me, these techniques are the essence of the Impressionist view of art.教材助读·开放课堂[教材原文]First impressions3 JuneParis, FranceAs a huge art fan, I knew exactly what I was looking forward to①[1]most about my trip to Paris: visiting the Musée d'Orsay. Housed in an old railway building, this world-famous art museum features② some of the best-known paintings from the Impressionist movement of the 19th century.[1]what引导宾语从句，what在从句中作looking forward to的宾语As I wandered③ through the Impressionist gallery④， I appreciated masterpieces like The Ballet Class and The Card Players. Even though I had admired them hundreds of⑤ times on my computer screen, nothing could have prepared me for the wonder I felt when I finally laid eyes on⑥ the real thing. While it was hard to pick a favourite painting out of so many amazing works, the artists who made the deepest impression on⑦[2] me were two of the greatest Impressionist painters, Claude Monet and Pierre-Auguste Renoir.[2]who引导定语从句，修饰the artists, who在从句中作主语I could see from Monet's works that he was greatly inspired by nature⑧. In the last three decades⑨ of his life he painted mostly⑩ scenes from his garden. One of these scenes is shown in the famous piece Blue Water Lilies, which I studied for quite a while in the gallery[3]. I couldn't believe it when I heard he did around 250 paintings of the same water lily pond ， all in different colours and styles. It is amazing that every time Monet studied this simple scene, he brought the pond's beauty to the canvas in a unique way .[3]which引导非限制性定语从句，对Blue Water Lilies进行补充说明Renoir, I noticed, preferred to paint scenes of everyday life. For me, the mostinteresting of his paintings is his 1876 masterpiece Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette, which shows life in a busy neighbourhood of Paris on a Sunday afternoon. When I saw it up close ， I was struck by the small areas of light across the painting, and the way the soft edges of the figures seemed to mix together. There's so much going on[4], but so little clear detail. This effect makes the lively movement of the dance almost jump out[5] at the viewer.[4]There's sb./sth. doing...表示某地有某人或某物正在做某事[5]“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构Although the paintings had very different settings ， it was their similarities that stayed with me long after I left the Musée d'Orsay—similarities which can be seen throughout the Impressionists' paintings. Monet and Renoir, along with other like-minded artists, sought liberation from the rules of the old style. Everyday subject matter was the main focus of their works, as opposed to the history paintings that had traditionally dominated European art. They employed free brushwork and used colours to show the effect of light on things, creating paintings that were far less realistic than the works that came before. To me, these techniques are the essence of the Impressionist view of art. Impressionist artists did not try to paint every detail in a scene—just a brief “impression” they had at that moment ， burning with vivid colours and light, before it disappeared.The Impressionists' vision inspired a whole new generation of Post-Impressionist painters such as Vincent van Gogh and Paul Gauguin, whose works are also displayed at the Musée d'Orsay. It is also worthy of note that Post-Impressionist painters were not the only ones to be influenced by Impressionism—the movement has had a lasting influence on modern art, encouraging artists to look at the world from an entirely new point of view . It certainly left a lasting impression on me too！[词汇注释]①look forward to期盼，盼望②feature n．特点，特征 v.是……的重要组成；以……为特色，是……的特征③wander/'w nd (r)/vi. & vt.闲逛，漫步；走失；走神；蜿蜒曲折④gallery/'g l ri/n.展览馆，画廊；长廊，走廊；楼上旁听席⑤hundreds of好几百的，数百的⑥lay eyes on看到，看见；注视⑦make the deepest impression on给……留下最深的印象⑧be inspired by nature受大自然的启发※be inspired by受……启发/激励⑨decade/'deke d; d 'ke d/n.十年，十年期⑩mostly/'m stli/adv.主要地，一般地 quite a while有一阵子，半天；相当长一段时间 pond/p nd/n.池塘，水池 bring one's beauty to把……的美带给…… canvas/'k nv s/n.画布，油画；帆布 in a unique way用一种独特的方式 prefer更喜欢，宁愿※prefer to do sth.更喜欢做某事preference n．喜爱，偏爱 neighbourhood/'ne b h d/(AmE neighborhood) n．街区，城区；邻近的地方 up close近距离地，靠近 strike/stra k/vt. & vi. (struck, struck)突然想到；给人以某种印象；撞，碰；打；突击；罢工；划(火柴)n．罢工；袭击；击，打 jump out at(某人)一眼就看得出来，极易引起(某人)注意 setting/'set /n.环境，背景；情节背景 along with和……一起，连同 like-minded/ la k'ma nd d/adj.想法相同的，志趣相投的 liberation/ l b 're n/n.解放，摆脱 as opposed to(表示对比)而，相对于※opposed/ 'p zd/adj.截然不同的；强烈反对的 dominate/'d m ne t/vt. & vi.在……中具有最重要(或明显)的特色；支配，控制；占有优势；俯视 employ/ m'pl /vt.运用，使用；雇用 brushwork/'br w k/n.(画家的)笔触，画法 realistic/ ri 'l st k; r 'l st k/adj.逼真的，栩栩如生的；现实的，实际的；明智的 essence/'esns/n.本质，精髓；香精，精油 at that moment在那时 vivid/'v v d/adj.鲜明的，耀眼的；生动的※vividly adv.生动地 vision/'v n/n.远见卓识；视力，视野；想象 display/d 'sple /vt.陈列，展出；显示，表现n．陈列，展览；表现；展示※on display展出 worthy/'w i/adj.值得(或应得)……的；值得尊敬的，值得注意的※be worthy of＋值得…… have a lasting influence on对……有持久影响 from an entirely new point of view从一个全新的视角 leave a lasting impression on给……留下难忘的印象[汉语译文]第一印象六月三日法国巴黎作为一个狂热的艺术迷，我非常清楚自己此次巴黎之旅最期待的是什么——参观奥赛博物馆。这家世界闻名的艺术博物馆设在一座古老的铁路建筑里，以19世纪印象派运动时期一些最著名的画作为特色。漫步于印象派展馆，我欣赏着像《舞蹈课》和《玩纸牌者》这样的杰作。尽管我在电脑屏幕上已经欣赏过数百次，但当我终于亲眼见到实物时，还是觉得猝不及防，惊叹不已。虽然从这么多令人称奇的作品中很难选出一幅最喜欢的，但两位伟大的印象派画家给我留下了最深的印象——克劳德·莫奈和皮埃尔-奥古斯特·雷诺阿。从莫奈的作品中，我可以看出他深受大自然的启发。在他生命的最后三十年里，他画的大多是自家花园里的风景，其中一处风景就展现在他著名的《蓝睡莲》里，我在展馆里端详了好一阵子。当听说同一个睡莲池他画了大约250幅画，每一幅颜色和风格都各异时，我简直难以置信。令人赞叹的是，莫奈每次端详睡莲池这处简单的风景，都以独特的方式让它的美跃然于画布之上。我注意到，雷诺阿更喜欢描绘日常生活场景。在我看来，他最有趣的画作是他1876年的杰作《煎饼磨坊的舞会》，这幅画展现了某个周日下午巴黎一处热闹街区的生活。近距离观赏，画面上遍布着小面积的光斑，人物柔和的轮廓似乎融为一体，我大为震撼。画上呈现的内容如此丰富，但清晰的细节又如此之少。这种效果使得舞蹈动作活灵活现，引人注目。尽管这两幅画的背景截然不同，但在我离开奥赛博物馆后很长一段时间里，一直萦绕着我的却是它们的相似之处——这种相似之处在印象派的画作中随处可见。莫奈和雷诺阿，以及其他志趣相投的艺术家，都力求从之前风格的束缚中挣脱出来。印象派的作品主要关注日常主题，这与传统上欧洲艺术界占主流的历史题材画作大相径庭。他们运用自由的笔法，使用色彩来表现光线投射在物体上的效果，创作的画远不如前人之作那么写实。在我看来，这些技巧是印象派艺术观的精髓。印象派画家试图描绘的并非某个场景的所有细节——而是他们当时产生的瞬间“印象”，在它消失之前，迸发着鲜明的光彩。印象派的远见卓识启发了新一代的后印象派画家，如文森特·凡·高和保罗·高更，奥赛博物馆也展出他们的作品。值得注意的是，后印象派画家并不是唯一受印象派影响的群体——这场运动还对现代艺术产生了持久的影响，鼓励着艺术家们从一个全新的视角去看待世界。当然，这也给我留下了难忘的印象！核心突破·互动探究 第一版块|重点词汇诠释1)wander vi. & vt.闲逛，漫步；走失；走神；蜿蜒曲折)wander through 漫步穿过……wander around/about 徘徊，游荡wander off/from... 偏离……wander off the subject 跑题wander over 在……漫步 Elizabeth wandered (around/about) the streets in the moonlight.伊丽莎白在月光下漫步街头。 He spent the entire day wandering around the campus with no one speaking to him.他在校园里游荡了一整天，没人跟他说话。 I went to the park and had a wander around.我去公园转了一圈。 You will get lost if you wander off alone, especially in a strange city.如果你一个人走散了你会迷路的，特别是在一个陌生的城市里。 I longed to wander over the land of China and cherish the great achievements of the older generation.我渴望漫步在中国的神州大地上，缅怀老一辈的丰功伟绩。联想拓展wander/wonder (形近比较)·wander v．漫步；走神·wonder v．想知道 n．奇观wonder“想知道，惊讶，奇迹”和wander仅一个字母之差，使用时注意不要混淆。He was wandering around the pyramid, wondering how on earth this wonder was built.他在金字塔四周徘徊，想知道这个奇观究竟是怎样建成的。拓展It's a wonder (that)...令人惊奇的是……No wonder (that).../It's no wonder (that)...难怪……即学即练 判断下列句子中wander的含义/完成句子①We spent the whole morning wandering around the old part of the city.____________②Halfway through the meeting my mind started to wander.____________③昨天下午那些男孩们无所事事，在镇上到处闲逛。The boys ____________ the town with nothing to do yesterday afternoon.④注意不要偏离正题。Be careful not to ____________ the point.2)strike vt. & vi.(struck, struck)突然想到；撞，碰；打；突击；罢工；划(火柴) n．罢工；袭击；击，打)be struck by 被……击中/打动strike the hour 整点报时strike a match 划火柴strike sb.＋介词＋the＋身体部位 击打某人的……Sth.strikes sb./It strikes sb.that... 某人突然想到……be on strike 在罢工 You can't help being struck by her kindness.你禁不住要被她的善良打动。 The clock was striking 8 as we went into the hall.我们走进大厅时，时钟正敲响8点。 The matches were damp and he couldn't make them strike.火柴受潮了，他划不着。 He fell, striking his head on the edge of the table.他摔倒了，头碰在桌棱上。 A huge earthquake struck the northern part of Peru on May 26，2019.2019年5月26日，秘鲁北部发生了一次大地震。 A strange thought has just struck me.刚才我脑子里突然闪过一个奇怪的念头。联想拓展striking adj.显著的，突出的，惊人的；罢工的“某人(突然)想到……”的其他表达方式：Sth. occurs to sb. Sth. hits sb.It occurs to sb. that...It hits sb. that...The miners were on strike, demanding that their boss should improve their working conditions.矿工罢工了，要求老板改善他们的工作环境。即学即练 判断下列句子中strike的词性及含义/结合strike的用法完成句子①By the late 1890s，he had moved to Galveston, where he died in 1899，a year before the hurricane struck.____________②As the clock struck nine，players took up their positions and the match began.____________③Just before September，Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm.____________④It struck her that she could turn to her teacher for help.____________⑤Before the flight made a stopover (中途停留) in France，the captain announced that because of a strike no flights were leaving Paris.____________⑥我突然想起以前在什么地方见过他。____________________________ I had met him somewhere before.⑦我被三峡的天然美景深深打动了。I ____________________________ the natural beauty of the Three Gorges.3)along with与……一起，和……一直) She lost her job when the factory closed，along with hundreds of workers.工厂倒闭时，她和成百上千的工人一起失去了工作。 She along with her two younger brothers was admitted into Peking University.她和她的两个弟弟都被北京大学录取了。 The teacher, together with her students，was visiting the Summer Palace when we came across her.我们碰见这位老师时，她正和她的学生一起参观颐和园。 The father as well as the children likes this film.这位父亲和孩子们都喜欢这部电影。联想拓展along with为短语介词，意为“与……一起”，用于连接两个并列的名词或代词。along with连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的人称和数要遵循“就远一致”的原则，即要和along with前面的词保持一致。有类似用法的还有with, together with, as well as, rather than, except, including, in addition to等。即学即练 单句语法填空①Amy，as well as her brothers，____________ (give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.②Nowadays, cycling，along with jogging (慢跑) and swimming, __________ (be) regarded as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.③Your wife as well as you __________ (be) friendly to me.④I rather than he __________ (be) a doctor.4)opposed adj.截然不同的；强烈反对的 oppose vt.反对 opposite prep.在……对面 adj.对面的；相反的 adv.在对面 n．相反的人(或物)；对立面 opposition n．反对，反抗)(1)be opposed to (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事as opposed to (表示对比)而，相对于(2)oppose vt. 反对；反抗；与(某人)较量opposein opposition to sb./sth. 强烈反对(或抵制)某人/某物A is opposite B A在B的对面sit opposite sb. 坐在某人对面be opposite to 与……相反in the opposite direction 在相反的方向the opposite of ……的对立面live opposite 住在对面exactly/just the opposite 恰恰相反 We are opposed to any action that does great harm to the environment. 我们反对任何破坏环境的行为。 Students discuss ideas，as opposed to just copying from books.学生们讨论想法，而不是照抄课本。 Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.许多农民反对这个计划，因为他们害怕狼会杀死他们农场里的动物或宠物。 Jenny's dad strongly opposed her going there alone.珍妮的爸爸极力反对她单独去那儿。联想拓展表示反对的其他短语：object tobe against即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①I strongly oppose ____________ (take) children to such dangerous places.②Many citizens are strongly opposed to ____________ (pull) down the 100-year-old building in the centre of the city.③他女儿擅长运动，与此相对，他儿子则头脑更聪慧。His daughter is very athletic ____________________________， who is cleverer.④我们讨论观点，而不是单纯照搬课本上的说法。We discuss ideas，____________________________．5)employ vt.运用，使用；雇用)(1)employ a method/technique 使用方法/技巧employ sb. as... 雇用某人为……employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事be employed in (doing) sth.＝employ oneself in doing sth. 忙于(做)某事，从事某事employ the new method 采用新方法(2)employment n. 工作；受雇；就业employer n. 雇主employee n. 雇员unemployed adj. 失业的；没有工作的unemployment n. 失业 The children should be taught how to employ their spare time properly.孩子们应该被教会怎样恰当利用他们的空闲时间。 His elder brother is employed as a cook in a big restaurant.他的哥哥受雇于一家大饭店当厨师。 Every autumn，they employ casual workers to pick the fruit.每年秋天，他们雇用临时工摘水果。 She was employed in making a list of all the work to be done.她忙着把所有要做的工作列一个清单。易混比较employ/hire/rent·employ：长时间“雇用”，宾语多是人。employ a security officer雇用保安·hire：短期、临时或一次性“雇用，租用”，宾语通常是人或物。hire a boat租一条船·rent：长时间“出租，租用”，宾语通常是房屋、土地等。rent a house from租……的房子联想拓展英语中表示“雇用”的其他词语：take on, hire；表示“解雇，开除”的词语：fire, dismiss, lay off。即学即练 单句语法填空①His mother is employed ____________ an accountant in an international company.②The college actually employed her ____________ (take) over the DNA project.③These days my friend Chris has been employed ____________ writing a new book all the time.④The ____________ rate has increased recently.The reason is that a lot of companies want to ____________ enough workers.Also, ____________ offer higher salary to ________．(employ)6)realistic adj.逼真的，栩栩如生的；现实的，实际的；明智的 realize/realise vt.实现，使……成为现实 reality n．现实；真实)(1)a realistic painting/drawing 逼真的绘画a realistic novel 现实主义小说a realistic target 切实的目标be realistic about 对……很现实/明智it is not realistic to do sth. 做某事是不现实的have a realistic chance of winning 有机会赢(2)in reality 实际上face/accept reality 面对/接受现实make sth.a reality 使某事成为现实become a reality 变成现实bring...back to reality 使……回归现实turn...into a reality 把……变为现实(3)realize one's dream/hope/ambition 实现某人的梦想/希望/抱负 Being an artistic form，realistic oil painting is an important part in the development of painting art.写实油画作为一种艺术形式是绘画艺术发展的重要组成部分。 It is not realistic to do all the things in my own way.按照我自己的方式做所有的事情是不现实的。 In my opinion，people need to learn to accept reality and keep on trying.在我看来，人们需要学会接受现实并不断尝试。 She refuses to face reality.她不肯面对现实。 My dream became a reality.我的梦想实现了。语境助记①A child born in the US today has a very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.现在美国出生的孩子实际上很有可能活过100岁，因此需要制订计划。②The boy decided to make efforts to turn his dream into reality．男孩决定努力把他的梦想变成现实。即学即练 单句语法填空①He holds a ____________ (real) view towards life instead of an ideal one.②We have to be realistic ____________ our chances of success.③It's not realistic ____________ (expect) your children to become a famous person at present.7)worthy adj.值得(或应得)……的；值得尊敬的，值得注意的 worth adj.值得的；有……价值 n．价值；作用 worthwhile adj.值得的；值得做的)be＋worthy of＋ n. 值得……be worthy of mention 值得一提be worthy of attention/note 值得注意a very worthy cause 非常崇高的事业be＋worthy of being done 值得被做be＋worthy to be done 值得被做sth. 值得参观 Some of the report's findings are worthy of note.这份报告里有些调查结果值得注意。 No composer was considered worthy of the name until he had written an opera.每位作曲家直到写出一部歌剧来才被认为是名副其实的。 He is a man who is worthy of/praise/being praised/worthy to be praised.他是一个值得称赞的人。 The money we raise will be going to a very worthy cause.我们筹集的钱款将用于非常崇高的事业。 Leeds United were worthy winners of the competition.利兹联队是比赛当之无愧的获胜者。联想拓展“做某事是值得的”表达法：·Something is worth doing·It is worthwhile doing sth./to do sth.·sth. be worthy to be done/of being done即学即练 单句语法填空①We think that the article is worthy ____________ (study) carefully.②Teaching is a __________ (worth) cause and worthy ____________ our effort.③The book is well worth ________ (read).＝It is worth while ____________ (read) the book.④The teacher is a ____________ (worth) man.⑤The vase is ____________ (worthy) 500 dollars.8)result in 造成，导致)(1)result from 由……造成(后接原因)result in (＝cause/lead to/bring about)造成，导致(后接结果)(2)as a result 结果，因此as a result of 由于…… There is no doubt that his drunk driving resulted in the accident.毫无疑问，他的酒驾导致了这次事故。 According to the passage，children's fear and dislike of books may result from being made to read aloud before others.根据这篇文章，孩子们对书的恐惧和厌恶可能是由被强迫在别人面前朗读造成的。 The cold weather resulted in his illness.天气寒冷致使他生病了。 His illness resulted from the cold weather.他的病是天寒而致。 He made one big mistake.As a result, he lost his job.他犯了个大错，结果丢了工作。即学即练 用result的相关短语完成句子①It was late at night and there was no bus. ____________， we had to walk to the village.②Alice was late for school this morning ____________ oversleeping.③There is no doubt that it is human activity that ____________ the bad environment.④Getting fat often ____________ eating too much.9)lay eyes on看见，看到；目睹 lay aside搁置；储蓄 lay down放下，献出；制度 lay off暂时解雇 lay out设计 lay mp储蓄．)keep one's eyes on 盯着……fix one's eyes on 注视，盯着看keep an eye on 照看，留意keep an eye out for 密切注意have an eye for 对……有鉴赏力look sb. in the eye 直视某人rub one's eyes 揉了揉眼睛in one's eyes 在某人看来get one's eye in 能进行准确判断(球的速度和方向) I hope I never lay eyes on this portrait again, which is my nightmare!我希望永远不要再看到这幅肖像画了，这就是我的噩梦！ My parents set up a camera to keep an eye on me.我的父母安装了一个摄像头来临监督我。 In fact, it wasn't until the day of the wedding that the two would likely first lay eyes on each other.事实上，直到婚礼的那一天这两个人才能第一次见到对方。即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①In general, keep ________ eye on their property while they are gone.②The visitor is fixing her eyes ________ the landscape painting.③我们已请邻居在我们离开时帮我们照看一下房子。We've asked the neighbours to ________________________ the house for us while we are away.④在现实生活中我们不能时刻留意孩子的一举一动。We don't ______________________ our children all the time in real life.⑤你的确对油画有很高的鉴赏力。You do ________________________ paintings. 第二版块|重点句型解构1)(教材原句)While it was hard to pick a favourite painting out of so many amazing works, the artists who made the deepest impression on me were two of the greatest Impressionist painters, Claude Monet and Pierre-Auguste Renoir.虽然从这么多令人称奇的作品中很难选出一幅最喜欢的，但两位伟大的印象派画家给我留下了最深的印象——克劳德·莫奈和皮埃尔-奥古斯特·雷诺阿。)[句式分析] 本句中while引导让步状语从句while作为连词，可引导时间状语从句、让步状语从句以及并列句。 While two detectives were keeping guard at the door, two others opened the parcel.两个侦探守着门，另外两个打开包裹。(时间) While I am willing to help，I do not have much time available.尽管我愿意帮忙，但是我没有多少时间。(让步) While Tom's very good at science，his brother is absolutely hopeless.汤姆很擅长理科，而他的兄弟绝对是不可救药的。(并列)即学即练 完成句子①Most students get much knowledge from their teachers ________________________________________________________________________(在他们学习时).②__________________________ (尽管我解释多次), she always kept nothing in mind.③I was never very neat, ________________________ (而我的室友凯特却极有条理).2)(教材原句)It is amazing that every time Monet studied this simple scene, he brought the pond's beauty to the canvas in a unique way.令人赞叹的是，莫奈每次端详睡莲池这处简单的风景，都以独特的方式让它的美跃然于画布之上。)[句式分析] 本句是主从复合句，it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语，在这个主语从句中，every time引导时间状语从句，he brought...是主句。名词短语引导的时间状语从句某些表示时间的名词短语可以引导时间状语从句，常见的有every time, each time, any time, (the) next time, the time, the first time, (the) last time, the day, the minute/moment/second/instant (一……就……)等。 Every time I was in trouble, he would come to help me out.每次我有麻烦，他都会来帮我一把。 (The) Last time I saw her, I knew that she wouldn't come here to live with her grandparents.上次我见到她时，我知道她是不会来这里和她的祖父母住在一起的。 I was fond of living in the mountain the first time I came here.我第一次来这里就喜欢住在山上。 (The) Next time you're here, let's have lunch together.下次你到这里来，咱们一起吃午饭。特别提示注意区分是名词短语充当连词引导的时间状语从句，还是名词短语后接when引导的定语从句。I still remember the day when you left me.我还记得你离开我的那一天。(the day是定语从句的先行词，when引导定语从句，在从句中作时间状语，不可省略)即学即练 完成句子①Do bring your sister here ________________ (你下次来) to see me.②________________(每次读到这一段)，I'll remember my childhood in the countryside.③________________(我第一次遇到他)，I knew he was a difficult person to get along with.④______________ (我上次看到她), I found she had a talent for music.3)(教材原句)Although the paintings had very different settings，it was their similarities that stayed with me long after I left the Musée d'Orsay—similarities which can be seen throughout the Impressionists' paintings.尽管这两幅画的背景截然不同，但在我离开奥赛博物馆后很长一段时间里，一直萦绕着我的却是它们的相似之处——这种相似之处在印象派的画作中随处可见。)[句式分析] 本句是主从复合句，although引导让步状语从句，after引导时间状语从句，而it was...that...是强调句型，强调的成分是主句的主语their similarities。强调句型强调句型的基本结构是：It＋be＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分。该句型可以强调句子的主语、宾语、状语等，但不能强调谓语。使用时应注意以下几点：(1)强调句型中的It本身没有实际意义，但不能用其他词代替。(2)被强调部分指人时用that/who均可，其他情况通常用that。(3)被强调部分无论是单数还是复数，It后的be动词均用单数形式，即is或was。用is还是was要根据原句的时态而定。属于现在或将来时间范畴的时态，用is；属于过去时间范畴的时态，用was。 It is Anne who/that often helps me with my study.是安妮经常在学习上帮助我。 It was Doctor James and Professor Smith that were invited to give us a lecture.应邀给我们作演讲的是詹姆斯博士和史密斯教授。 It was when she was about to go to bed that the telephone rang.正当她要去睡觉时，电话响了。(4)被强调部分如果是原句的主语，who/that之后的谓语动词在人称和数上应与原句的主语保持一致。 It is Tom that/who is going to study abroad.是汤姆要出国留学。 It is the children that/who are making so much noise.是孩子们在制造这么大的噪声。(5)强调主语或宾语且主语或宾语为人称代词时，应注意主语或宾语的形式仍用主格或宾格形式。 It was she who/that told me about it.是她告诉我这件事的。 It was her that/who I saw in the street just now.我刚刚在街上看到的是她。强调句型的句式变化：(1)一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他？ Was it in Beijing that you knew each other 你们是在北京认识的吗？(2)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that＋其他？(该句型用于宾语从句中，应使用陈述语序) Who was it that came up with the bright idea 是谁想出了这个好主意？I just wonder what it is that makes him so excited.我只是想知道是什么事让他如此兴奋。(3)not until的强调句式：It is/was not until...＋that＋其他。It was not until she spoke that I recognized her.直到她开口说话我才认出她。特别提示判断句子是否是强调句的方法：通常去掉It is/was与that/who，剩余部分若结构完整、句意明确，则为强调句，否则便不是。It was because of bad weather that the football match had to be put off.正是因为坏天气，足球比赛不得不推迟。(这里把It was和that去掉后，句子为“Because of bad weather the football match had to be put off”，句意完整，符合语法结构，所以这是强调句。)即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①It was when we were returning home ____________ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.②It is not just robins (知更鸟) that ____________ (be) being kept awake by artificial light.③Was it because Jack came late for school ________ Mr Smith got angry ④—Were all the three people in the car injured in the accident —No，it was only two passengers ____________ got hurt.⑤____________ was not until I was elected monitor of the class that I came to realize the importance of teamwork.⑥正是他坚定的决心使事情发生了变化。__________________ his strong determination ____________ made a difference.4)(教材原句)Even though I had admired them hundreds of times on my computer screen...,尽管我在电脑屏幕上已经欣赏过数百次……)[句式分析] even though＝even if，表示“尽管，即使”，引导让步状语从句。even though you don't succeed即使你不成功even though it rains tomorrow即使明天下雨 My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, even though he's in his nineties.我祖父尽管90多岁了，但仍时而打打网球。 I looked forward to the pay, even though I wasn't sure how much it would amount to.我期待着薪水，尽管我不知道那会是多少。警示even if/though引导让步状语从句，主句如果用一般将来时，则从句用一般现在时表将来。Even if I fail this time, I will try agin.即使这次失败，我还要再试试。拓展as though/if意为“似乎，好像”，引导表语从句或方式状语从句。It looks as if it's going to rain.天看起来好像要下雨。(as if引导表语从句)即学即练 完成句子①打破窗户的是约翰。为什么你说得好像是我打破的似的？It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me ________________ I had done it ②尽管经历许多困难，但他从不屈服。________________ he suffered from a lot of difficulties, he never gave in.课时达标·随堂自测Ⅰ.单词拼写1．I really like the mild climate there，especially the wonderful ____________ (风景，景色).2．They ____________ (闲逛，漫步) back towards their home.3．Going to the ____________ (画廊) helps relieve yourself.4．In the past ____________ (十年), great changes have taken place in the rural area.5．This sauce was used ____________ (主要地) in chain stores.6．When he is in low spirits，he would cycle to fish in the ____________ (池塘).7．These three ____________ (志趣相投的) people set up the gallery.8．Before ____________ (解放), life was so hard and mothers had limited choices to vary the meals.9．The chef won a world award, which ____________ (在……中具有最重要的位置) the local news.10．We guarantee that the ingredients we ____________(使用) cause no harm to your health.11．The poet wrote a number of love poems by delicate ________ (笔触).12．With your determination and these ____________ (现实的) plans, I'm sure you will succeed.13．The book reveals the ____________ (本质，精髓) of American innovation.14．He gave a ____________ (生动的) description of the scenery in his hometown.15．The plain but meaningful vase is ____________ (值得……的) to be valued.Ⅱ.短语填空A组look forward to, lay eyes on, quite a while, prefer to, a visit to, up close, have a long history, wander through, belong to, make the deepest impression on1．Does this song ____________ folk music 2．Chinese culture ____________ and a good reputation.3．I ____________ overcoming something difficult each day.4．He announced that we would pay ____________ the grand palace next month.5．I think it will take ____________ to get there because the route is very complicated.6．Once he entered the room, he ____________ the surroundings.7．The girl came ____________， staring at me.8．He ____________ sing solo rather than be accompanied by others.9．The extraordinary scenery there ____________ him when he traveled last year.10．It is pleasant for me to ____________ a totally strange city.B组along with, be struck by, be worthy of, as opposed to, take up, from a new point of view, similar to, result in, be devoted to, be located in1．____________ suitable diet and exercise, the medicine can help burn more calories.2．His mom ____________ his delicate gift and wept.3．Possessing too much money may ____________ bad consequences.4．The programme tells us our party ____________ support.5．His pleasant class atmosphere isn't ____________ that of most other teachers.6．What made you try to ____________ a new career as a composer 7．________， this sport also deserves a try.8．The house ____________ a quiet neighbourhood.9．The famous doctor ____________ easing the patients' pain in his career.10．The “night owl” schedule of sleep, ____________ the “early bird” schedule, describes those who tend to stay up mostly past midnight.Ⅲ.单句语法填空1．Often，only a small part of a museum's collection is ________ display.Most of it is stored away or used for research.2．Last month, part of Southeast Asia ________ (strike) by floods，from whose effects the people are still suffering now.3．Mr Brown，along with his three children, ________ (be) going to pay a visit to Beijing next week.4．The staff were opposed to ________ (lay) Johnson，one of their colleagues，off.5．The ________ in the company saw the ________ all work deep into the night.He felt it necessary ________ more, which would create more ________ opportunities.(employ)6．Many health problems result ____________ your bad eating habits.7．It ____________ the culture, rather than the language, that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.8．A number of new machines were introduced, resulting ____________ an increase in production.9．Hawaii is a perfect ____________ (set) for romance with its pleasant climate and breathtaking scenery.10．He is devoted to his ____________ (call) and has made a remarkable achievement.Ⅳ.完成句子1．就我个人而言，玛丽前几天提出的观点值得讨论。As far as I am concerned，the view that Mary put forward the other day is ____________________________．(worthy)2．我突然想起我把家庭作业忘在教室里了。____________________________ I had left my homework in the classroom.(strike)3．刚开始他反对我们的建议，但是我们最终使他改变了观点。At first he ____________________________， but we managed to bring him round finally.(opposed)4．我妈妈反对我长时间待在新装修的房子里，因为新涂料释放有毒的气体。My mother opposes me ____________________________， for the fresh paint gives out poisonous gases.5．虽然学生们来自不同的国家，但他们在夏令营中相处得很好。____________________________， they got along quite well in the summer camp.(while引导的让步状语从句)6．我宁愿在家里度过一个安静的夜晚，而不愿在许多人的陪伴下消磨时间。I would prefer a quiet evening at home ____________________________ in the company of many people.(opposed)Section A Welcome to the unit & Reading新知感知·自学导引Ⅰ.核心词汇1．肖像，半身画像；详细的描述，描绘 2.landscape 3.wander4．gallery 5.decade 6.mostly 7.pond 8.画布，油画；帆布9．neighbourhood; neighborhood 10.strike 11.setting12．like-minded 13.(画家的)笔触，画法 14.essence15．display 16.callingⅡ.拓展词汇1．liberation; liberate 2.opposed; oppose 3.dominate; domination 4.employ; employment; employer; employee; unemployment 5.realistic; real; reality; realize 6.vivid; vividly 7.vision; visible 8.worthy; worth; worthwhileⅢ.重点短语1．look forward to 2.lay eyes on...3．make a deep/strong impression on sb.4．up close 5.be struck by6．as opposed to 7.be worthy of...Ⅳ.重点句型1．While it was hard to pick a favourite painting out of so many amazing works2．every time3．it was their similarities that stayed with me long after I left the Musée d'Orsay文本研析·语篇理解Ⅰ.语篇结构1．nature 2.garden 3.everyday life 4.modern artⅡ.根据课文内容选择正确答案1．C 2.B 3.B 4.DⅢ.课文语法填空1．Housed 2.wandered 3.greatest 4.To 5.Amazingly 6.a 7.it 8.liberation 9.to show 10.that/which核心突破·互动探究 第一版块|重点词汇诠释1．①闲逛 ②开小差，走神 ③wandered (around/about)④wander from/off2．①vi.侵袭 ②vi.敲(钟) ③vi.碰，撞 ④vt.突然想到 ⑤n.罢工 ⑥It struck me that ⑦was deeply struck by3．①was given ②is ③is ④am4．①taking ②pulling ③as opposed to his son ④as opposed to just copying the statement from textbooks5．①as ②to take ③in ④employment; employ; employers; employees6．①realistic ②about ③to expect7．①to be studied/of being studied ②worthy; of ③reading; reading ④worthy ⑤worth8．①As a result ②as a result of ③results in ④results from9．①an ②on ③keep an eye on ④keep an eye on ⑤have an eye for 第二版块|重点句型解构1．①while they are studying②While I explained it many times③while my roommate Kate was extremely organized2．①next time you come ②Every time I read this paragraph③The first time I met him ④Last time I saw her3．①that ②are ③that ④that/who ⑤It ⑥It was; that4．①as if ②Even if/though课时达标·随堂自测Ⅰ.单词拼写1．landscape 2.wandered 3.gallery 4.decade 5.mostly 6.pond 7.like-minded 8.liberation 9.dominated10．employ 11.brushwork 12.realistic 13.essence14．vivid 15.worthyⅡ.短语填空A组1．belong to 2.has a long history 3.look forward to4．a visit to 5.quite a while 6.laid eyes on 7.up close8．preferred to 9.made the deepest impression on10．wander throughB组1．Along with 2.was struck by 3.result in 4.is worthy of5．similar to 6.take up 7.From a new point of view 8.is located in 9.is devoted to 10.as opposed toⅢ.单句语法填空1．on 2.was struck 3.is 4.laying 5.employer; employees; to employ; employment 6.from 7.is 8.in 9.setting 10.callingⅣ. 完成句子1．worthy to be discussed/worthy of being discussed/worthy of discussion 2.It struck me that 3.was opposed to our suggestion 4.staying in the newly decorated house for a long time 5.While the students came from different countries6．as opposed to killing timeSection B Grammar and usage & Integrated skills新知感知·自学导引Ⅰ.核心词汇1．____________ n. 阴影部分；色度；阴凉处2．pixel n. ____________3．____________ vt. 开始，发动n. (通常指周领的)工资，工钱4．____________ n. (宣传)活动，运动；战役vt. & vi. 发起运动，参加活动5．____________ n. 吐司，烤面包片；干杯，祝酒vt. 为……干杯；烤；取暖6．garlic n. ____________7．mushroom n. ____________8．____________ adj. 未经加工的，自然状态；生的，未烹制的Ⅱ.拓展词汇1．________ vt.(以光线)洒满，覆盖，使沐浴(在光线里)；用水清洗→________ n．沐浴2．________ n．建筑设计，建筑风格；建筑学→________ n．建筑师3．________ vt. & vi.整理，布置；安排，筹备→________ n．整理，布置；安排，筹备Ⅲ.重点短语1．________________ 展览中2．________________ 可以自由地利用/使用3．________________ 只，只有，只是，仅仅4．________________ 在社交媒体上发布5．________________ 捡起，拾起，拿起6．________________ 在……中起重要作用7．________________ 一块烤面包片8．________________ 分步骤操作指南Ⅳ.重点句型如今在博物馆中对手机的使用在持续增加，艺术专家担忧如何使人们真正欣赏艺术作品，而不是仅仅拍些照片或录些视频发布到社交媒体上。Nowadays，the use of smartphones in museums continues to rise and art experts are concerned about ____________________________________________________．核心突破·互动探究 第一版块|重点词汇诠释1)shade n.[U](图画中)阴影部分；[U](色彩的)浓淡，深浅，色度；[U]阴影；阴凉处 ,vt.给……遮挡(光线))(1)provide shade for the animals 为动物提供乘凉的地方in the shade 在阴凉处put...in the shade 使……相形见绌；使……黯淡无光in the shade of a tree 在树荫下(2)shade...from/against... 使……免受……的照射；给……遮挡…… He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue.他走过乳白色的瀑布和深蓝色的群山。 The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other species that depend on the trees' flowers and fruit.森林里的树荫为鸟类和依赖树上的花朵和果实生存的其他物种提供了家园。 We sat in the shade and ate our lunch.我们坐在阴凉处吃午饭。 He slept in the shade of the trees.他在树荫下睡觉。 She shaded her eyes against/from the sun with her hand.她用手遮住眼睛避免阳光照射。词语辨析 shade和shadowshade指树等物体遮挡阳光形成的阴凉之地，无一定的轮廓。sit in the shade of a tree坐在树荫下shadow指人或物在光照下形成的影像，有明显的轮廓，指“影子”。see the shadow of the tree看到树的影子即学即练 单句语法填空/选词填空①The children played ____________ the shade of a large beach umbrella.②The narrow road ____________ (shade) by tall and thick trees.③The window ____________ was made of green cloth. (shade; shadow)④The ____________ of evening are falling. (shades; shadows)⑤The garden was in deep ____________. (shade; shadow)2) bathe vt.(以光线)洒满，覆盖，使沐浴(在光线里)；用水清洗)(1)be bathed in 被……笼罩；沐浴在……中be bathed in light/sunshine 沐浴在阳光中be bathed in sweat/tears 汗流浃背/泪流满面bathe a wound 清洗伤口(2)bath n. 沐浴，洗澡take/have a bath 洗澡联想：shower v. 冲淋浴wash v. 洗 The sick boy bathed himself in sunlight.这个生病的男孩在晒太阳。 Tian'anmen is bathed in morning sunshine.天安门沐浴在朝阳的光辉中。 The sun began to rise in the sky, bathing the mountain in golden light.太阳开始在天空中升起，这使大山沐浴在了金色的阳光之中。 When parents bring home a pet dog, their child gladly bathes it and brushes its fur.当父母带回家一只宠物狗时，他们的孩子高兴地给它洗澡、刷毛。 After a week of camping, I really needed a bath.露营了一个星期，我实在得洗个澡了。 How often do you take a bath？你多久洗一次澡？即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①The moon bathed the countryside ____________ a silver light.②Her mother ____________ (bathe) her and dressed her in clean clothes.③I'll have ____________ bath and go to bed.④我很累，汗流浃背。I was tired and ____________________________________．⑤海湾沐浴在阳光中，离海岸大约150米有一些划皮艇的人。The bay was ________________ sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore.3)wage vt.开始，发动 n．(通常指按周领的)工资，工钱)(1)wage war on/against sb./sth. 发动对某人/某事的战争wage a campaign/struggle/battle 发动一场运动/斗争/战役(2)daily/weekly wage 每天的/每周的工资a weekly wage of ￡200 周薪200英镑a living wage 维持生活的工资wage cuts 减薪a wage increase/rise of 3% 3%的加薪raise one's wages 提高某人的工资 He is always waging war among his classmates, which is really a hard thing.他总是在同学中挑起战争，这真是件难事。 We must wage war against poverty.我们必须向贫穷开战。 They've been waging a long campaign to change the law.他们一直在发动改变这项法律的持久的运动。 In addition to my weekly wage，I got a lot of tips.除了每周的薪水外，我还能得到不少小费。 These people earn a living wage for their professional knowledge and skills.这些人凭借他们的专业知识和技能得到能够维持生活的工资。词语辨析income, pay, salary与wageincome指收入、收益、所得pay指工资、薪水Have you got other income apart from your pay？除了工资还有其他收入吗？salary通常指按月发放的薪水、薪金She's earning a good salary as an interpreter.她当口译的薪酬很高。wage通常指按周领取的工资、工钱The average weekly wage is ￡350.平均周薪是350英镑。即学即练 单句语法填空/翻译句子①Why did that big country wage war ____________ the small one despite lacking resources ②How can you live on such ____________ low wage ③Bathed in sunshine, he told me proudly that he earned a good wage.译：________________________________________________________________________4)campaign n.(宣传)活动，运动；战役 vt. & vi.发起运动，参加活动)(1)a national/nationwide campaign 全国性的运动launch a campaign 发起一场运动run/conduct/carry out a campaign 开展运动a campaign for/against... 支持争取/反对……的运动(2)campaign for/against... 参加(或发起)争取/反对……的运动campaign to do sth. 开展做某事的运动 She will also launch a campaign for a charity that helps people suffering from unusual diseases.她还将发起募捐活动，以帮助那些忍受异常疾病痛苦的人们。 Let's discuss advertising campaign for our company's products.让我们来讨论有关我们公司产品的广告宣传活动。 Today the police began a campaign to reduce road accidents.警方今天开展了一场减少道路交通事故的运动。 We have campaigned against whaling for the last 15 years.我们最近15年一直参加反对捕鲸的运动。 Many schools are campaigning for reforming in education.许多学校正在举行教育改革运动。语境助记Now Mr. Anderson has set up an online campaign to raise money for Mr.Smith and other homeless people in the area，which by yesterday had received ￡8，000.现在安德森先生已经为史密斯先生和该地区的其他无家可归者发起了一场在线募捐活动，到昨天为止已收到了8 000英镑。即学即练 单句语法填空①The government has started a campaign ____________ smoking.②They are campaigning ____________ (save) the area from building development.③We have started a campaign ____________ better school services.5)arrange vt. & vi.整理，布置；安排，筹备 arrangement n．[C]安排，筹备(常用复数形式))(1)arrange sth. for sb. 为某人安排某事arrange sth. with sb. 安排好与某人做某事arrange for sth. 安排/筹备某物arrange to do sth. 安排做某事arrange for sb. to do sth. 安排某人做某事as arranged 按照约定(2)arrive at/come to an arrangement 谈妥，达成协议make arrangements for... 为……做安排/准备 He was arranging the books on the shelves when I came in.我进来时他正在整理书架上的书。 Help me arrange these chairs in rows.帮我把这些椅子摆成排。 We arranged for a car to collect them from the train station.我们安排了一辆轿车到火车站接他们。 I arranged to meet Jane after work but she didn't turn up.我安排下班后见简，但她没露面。 They've already arranged for us to visit the Great Wall tomorrow.I'm sure we'll have a good time there.他们已安排好让我们明天去游览长城，我相信我们在那里一定会玩得很开心。 We have made arrangements for the vacation.我们已经为假期做了安排。特别提示①安排某人做某事②要求某人做某事即学即练 单句语法填空①My schedule is quite flexible, so I can arrange ____________ (meet) you any day next week. When you're free, just call me.②Call me when you arrive at the airport. I'll arrange ____________ a car to pick you up.③Our college is to make ____________ (arrange) for the meeting.④Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities ____________ children.6)stick...to...把……粘贴到……上)(1)stick a stamp to the envelope 把邮票贴到信封上(2)stick to 坚持stick to Much to the family's surprise, Dennis stuck to his promise!令这一家人非常吃惊的是，丹尼斯信守了他的诺言！ He stuck a stamp to the envelope.他把这一张邮票贴到了信封上。警示stick to中的to为介词，后接名词或者动词-ing形式作宾语。即学即练 完成句子尽管遇到了许多意想不到的困难，他还是坚持自己的梦想，最终成功了。With a lot of unexpected difficulty, ________________________ and finally succeeded. 第二版块|重点句型解构(教材原句)Nowadays, the use of smartphones in museums continues to rise and art experts are concerned about how to get people to truly appreciate artworks rather than simply take photos or record videos to post on social media．如今在博物馆中对手机的使用在持续增加，艺术专家担忧如何使人们真正欣赏艺术作品，而不是仅仅拍些照片或录些视频发布到社交媒体上。)[句式分析] 本句为and连接的并列句，第二个分句中，how to get...media为“特殊疑问词＋不定式”结构，在句中作about的宾语。“特殊疑问词/whether＋不定式”结构(1)常见的特殊疑问词：疑问代词who，what(无选择范围)，which(有选择范围)和疑问副词how，when，where。(2)语法功能：作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。(3)作主语时谓语动词的数：一般用单数形式。(4)“特殊疑问词/whether＋不定式”结构相当于一个名词性从句。 When to do these tests in the lab(＝When we will do these tests in the lab) is necessary to check.(我们)将何时在实验室里进行这些试验是有必要核实的。(作主语) I'm hesitating about whether to accept your invitation(＝whether I'll accept your invitation) or not.我正在犹豫是否接受你的邀请。(作宾语) The problem is where to put this computer(＝where we should put this computer).问题是(我们)该把这台计算机放在哪儿。(作表语)特别提示注意：特殊疑问词与构成不定式的动词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定式通常用主动形式表示被动含义。I have no idea what to say about this (＝what I can say about this).我不知道对此能说些什么。(作同位语)即学即练 单句语法填空/用“特殊疑问词＋不定式”结构改写下面句子①There was an awkward moment when she didn't know whether ____________ (shake) his hand or kiss his cheek.②The key to successful small talk is learning ____________ to connect with others, not just communicate with them.③It took a long time for my wife to make her decision about ____________ to wear so we left our house a little late.④Having discussed for a whole night, we still couldn't agree on ____________ to start and ____________ to go for the coming holiday.⑤For my friend Jack, where to live ____________ (be) still a problem at present.⑥When we will decorate the house hasn't been decided.→________________________________________________________________________课时达标·随堂自测Ⅰ.单词拼写1．We have talked for a while in the ____________ (阴凉处) and the breeze brushes our faces.2．The cottage was ____________ (使沐浴) in the soft moonlight, where came a beautiful melody.3．The whole neighbourhood is ____________ (发起运动) to save the area from building development.4．The new concept is then applied in the ____________ (建筑设计).5．Our school is ____________ (发动) a campaign against smoking.6．A piece of ____________ (吐司面包) contains 80 calories.7．I can't bear the flavour of ____________ (大蒜).8．First cook the onions, and then add the ____________ (蘑菇).9．I need to ____________ (安排) an appointment with my dentist after eating so many desserts.10．The vegetables like garlic and mushrooms are ____________ (未烹制的). You can eat some toast first.Ⅱ.短语填空A组be reduced to, be determined to, against one's face, be connected with, be used to, work out, instead of, have free access to, wage a campaign, be encouraged to1．Inside, the noise of the traffic ____________ a distant rumble.2．Their boat floats on the water, and a cool breeze blows ____________．3．He ____________ get the MBA and desperate for a promotion in his company.4．Even the gifted scientists found it hard to ____________ the secrets of the black holes.5．The melody ____________ an unforgettable memory of the composer.6．Some desserts ____________ entertain the kids while the parents were talking enthusiastically.7．All the students and professors as well can ____________ the recordings.8．When you are upset at work, you should have a rest ____________ struggling with it.9．He ____________ overcome difficulties and achieve success.10．Volunteers ____________ in the neighbourhood to cut air pollution.B组give instructions on, make...out of, be regarded as, make sure, stick...to1．She began to ____________ how to defend the enemy's attack.2．He with remarkable accomplishments ____________ a pioneer in this field.3．They managed to grab the chance and ________ their building ________ wood.4．She ________ those suitable decorations ________ the card which was a birthday present for her mum.5．____________ that this programme deserves doing.Ⅲ.单句语法填空1．In order to make a change, you need to make ____________ (arrange) beforehand.2．____________ (bathe) in warm sunshine, we sang and laughed while picking oranges.3．A traffic light tells us when ____________ (cross) the road and when to stop.4．We ____________ (campaign) against whaling in the past few decades.5．This building is a good example of Thai ____________ (architect).Ⅳ.完成句子1．我们的老师已安排我去参加会议。Our teacher has __________________________________________. (arrange)2．今天我们要学习的是如何做蛋糕。____________________________ is what we're going to learn today.(“特殊疑问词＋不定式”结构)3．所有的收藏品都将于6月16日至18日在体育馆展出。All the collections __________________________ from June 16 to 18 in the gym.(show)4．那位妈妈走到啼哭的孩子身边，把她抱了起来。The mother went over to the crying child and ________________________________．(pick)Section B Grammar and usage & Integrated skills新知感知·自学导引Ⅰ.核心词汇1．shade 2.像素 3.wage 4.campaign 5.toast 6.蒜，大蒜 7.蘑菇 8.rawⅡ.拓展词汇1．bathe; bath 2.architecture; architect 3.arrange; arrangementⅢ.重点短语1．on show 2.have free access to3．nothing but 4.post on social media5．pick up6．play an important role in...7．a piece of toast8．step-by-step instructionsⅣ.重点句型how to get people to truly appreciate artworks rather than simply take photos or record videos to post on social media核心突破·互动探究 第一版块|重点词汇诠释1．①in ②is shaded ③shade ④shadows ⑤shadow2．①in ②bathed ③a ④bathed in sweat ⑤bathed in3．①on/against ②a ③沐浴在阳光下，他骄傲地告诉我他的工资很可观。4．①against ②to save ③for5．①to meet ②for ③arrangements ④for6．he stuck to his dream 第二版块|重点句型解构①to shake ②how ③what ④when; where ⑤is⑥When to decorate the house hasn't been decided.课时达标·随堂自测Ⅰ.单词拼写1．shade 2.bathed 3.campaigning 4.architecture 5.waging6．toast 7.garlic 8.mushrooms 9.arrange 10.rawⅡ.短语填空A组1．was reduced to 2.against their faces 3.was determined to4．work out 5.is connected with 6.were used to 7.have free access to 8.instead of 9.is encouraged to 10.waged a campaignB组1．give instructions on 2.is regarded as 3.make; out of4．stuck; to 5.Make sureⅢ.单句语法填空1．arrangements 2.Bathed 3.to cross 4.have campaigned5．architectureⅣ.完成句子1．arranged for me to attend the meeting 2.How to make a cake 3.will be on show 4.picked her upSection D Writing——文化艺术1．写作任务假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：(1)写信目的；(2)个人优势；(3)能做的事情。注意：(1)词数80左右；(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；(3)开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dear Sir/Madam，I'm Li Hua, an exchange student from China during this summer vacation.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I'd appreciate it if you could consider my application.Yours，Li Hua2．写作思路(一审、二定、三明确、四分段)(1)一审：确定写作体裁和主题体裁：应用文(书信)主题：介绍自己的优势，申请相应岗位(2)二定：确定时态和人称时态：以一般现在时态为主人称：以第一人称(Ⅰ)为主(3)三明确：明确写作要点写信意图——介绍自己的优势——请求通过(4)结合要点分三个段落3．素材整理(1)关键词语①写信意图：be delighted to do；a Chinese painting exhibition to be held；apply for②自己的优势：speak English fluently；communicate with；a brilliant organizer；keep...in order；related knowledge; serve the visitors③请求通过：a sense of responsibility；a qualified volunteer; appreciate(2)完成句子①很高兴得知即将举办的中国画展招募志愿者。________________ that volunteers are wanted for a Chinese painting exhibition to be held.②当一名志愿者是我的梦想，所以我写信申请这一岗位。________________ has been my dream, so ____________________________________________________________________．③我能流利地说英语，所以，对我来说跟外国游客沟通很容易。I can speak English fluently，so __________________________________________________．④当过班长让我成为优秀的组织者。________________________________ makes me a brilliant organizer.⑤我的相关知识会使我更好地服务游客。It is ____________________________________ that ________________________________________________________．⑥总之，我的责任感将使我成为一名合格的志愿者。All in all，my ____________________________ will make me ______________________________________________．4．满分作文(连句成篇)请将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、要点全面的短文。参考范文：Dear Sir/Madam，I'm Li Hua，an exchange student from China during this summer vacation.I'm delighted to learn that volunteers are wanted for a Chinese painting exhibition to be held.Being a volunteer has been my dream, so I am writing to apply for this position.The reasons are as follows：First，I can speak English fluently，so it's easy for me to communicate with foreign visitors. Second, being the monitor makes me a brilliant organizer，which will help to keep the exhibition in order.Besides, it is my related knowledge that will help me serve the visitors better.All in all, my sense of responsibility will make me a qualified volunteer.I'd appreciate it if you could consider my application.Yours，Li Hua综合点评：范文要点齐全，语言地道，语句连贯，词数适当。作者在其中使用了地道的短语和句式来达到写作要求，例如：delighted作表语；to be held作后置定语；being the monitor作主语。还使用了一些亮点句型，例如：It is adj.＋to do；which引导的定语从句；强调句等。陈述理由时条理清晰，衔接连贯。整篇文章从表达意图到叙述优势，语篇整体语言流畅，逻辑连贯，完成了写作要求。5．佳作背诵(1)佳作一假定你是星光中学的学生会主席李华。为了使学生重视汉字书写，学校决定举办一次书法作品展。请你用英语写一则通知。内容包括：①时间和地点；②活动内容。注意：①词数80左右；②可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(2)佳作二假定你是李华，你的美国网友Jackson在邮件中询问你最喜欢的画家。请你用英语给他回一封电子邮件，内容包括：①介绍你最喜欢的画家；②陈述你的理由。注意：①词数80左右；②可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；③开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Jackson，________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，Li HuaSection D Writing——文化艺术3．(2)①I'm delighted to learn ②Being a volunteer; I am writing to apply for this position ③it's easy for me to communicate with foreign visitors ④Being the monitor ⑤my related knowledge; will help me serve the visitors better ⑥sense of responsibility; a qualified volunteer5．(1)参考范文：NoticeTo raise the students' attention to Chinese handwriting, a calligraphy exhibition will take place on December 1st on the second floor of the dining hall. Every student is allowed to take part, whose handwriting works should be handed in to the Students' Union before November 25th. Thirty handwriting winners will be selected. On the morning of December 1st，the local artists will be invited to perform their handwriting skills, offering some advice to students on how to create excellent handwriting works. Don't miss the opportunity.The Students' Union(2)参考范文：Dear Jackson，I'm glad to hear that you have interest in painting. It happens that painting is my favorite. Among those great painters, I like Vincent Van Gogh best. I think he is the most outstanding impressionist whose works always leave me a large space to appreciate the beauty of art. Another reason why I like him so much is that he was a determined person although he failed many times during his creation. I can see his positive attitude and passion for life through his works.I can't wait to know your favorite painter. Please write to me soon.Yours，Li HuaSection C Extended reading & Project & Further study新知感知·自学导引Ⅰ.核心词汇1．scroll n. ____________2．____________ n. 洞悉，了解；洞察力，领悟3．____________ n. 庄稼，作物；收成，产量4．____________ vi. & vt. (过去式________________，过去分词______________)蜿蜒，迂回；上发条；缠绕5．____________ vi. & vt. (乘船)航行；起航；驾驶(船只)；飘，掠n. 帆；乘船航行6．____________ n. 平民，老百姓，庶民7．____________ n. 肉贩，屠夫8．ink n. ____________9．perspective n. ____________10．________________ adj. 全面的，详尽的；综合性的11．________________ n. 衣服，服装12．________________ n. 庙宇，寺院13．________________ n. 建筑物；结构，构造；精心组织14．________________ adj. 全面的，综合的adv. 全部，总计；一般来说，大体上15．________________ n. 批评家，评论家；批评者，挑剔的人16．________________ n. 军人，士兵17．________________ n. (pl.____________)危机，危急关头；危难时刻，病危期18．________________ n. 衰退，衰落，减少，下降vi. & vt. 减少，下降，衰退，衰落；谢绝Ⅱ.拓展词汇1．________ adj.显而易见，明白易懂，显然→________ adv.显而易见地2．________ adj.细致的，精细的；准确的，精确的；恰好的→________ adv.精确地；恰好地3．________ adj.宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的→________ n．雄心；抱负4．________ adj.巨大的，庞大的→________ adv.非常；极其5．________ n．检查，查看，审视；视察→________ vt.检查；查看；审视；视察→________ n．检查员；督查员6．________ vt.揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触→________ n．揭露，揭穿7．________ adj.政治的，政府的，政权的；政党的，党派的→________ n．政治；政治学；政治活动→________ n．政治家，政客8．________ n．展览，展出→________ vt. & vi.展览，展出9．________ adj.稀少的，罕见的；稀罕的，珍贵的→________ adv.很少；难得10．________ adj.历史上著名的；有史时期的→________ n．历史→________ adj.史学的；基于史实的Ⅲ.重点短语1．________________ 洞悉某事物，了解某事物2．________________ 由……组成3．________________ 来自各行各业4．________________ 忙于某事5．________________ 海量的细节6．________________ 幸亏，由于7．________________ 乍一看，初看时；初次见到8．________________ 碰撞某物，撞击某物9．________________ 暗示某事，预示某事10．________________ 在下降Ⅳ.重点句型1．人们通常认为，画中描绘的城市是汴京(今开封)，即北宋的都城。________________________________________ the city described in the painting is Bianjing (present-day Kaifeng), the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty.2．其价值之高，以至后世有多位皇帝令当时最有才华的画家加以临摹。____________ its worth ________ several later emperors even asked the most talented artists of their day to make copies of the scroll.文本研析·语篇理解Ⅰ.语篇结构Ⅱ.根据课文内容选择正确答案1．How long is the Qingming Scroll A．Five metres long.B．Four metres long.C．Fourteen metres long.D．Fifteen metres long.2．What does the Qingming Scroll convey to viewers A．How people lived in peace.B．How strong the Northern Song Dynasty was.C．How the government ruled the country.D．How people lived in Bianjing.3．What may be the most impressive of the painting A．Perspective.B．Zhang Zeduan's precise brushwork.C．Its ambitious size.D．Its realistic images.4．What do some critics think of the painting A．It reflects the strength of the Northern Song Dynasty.B．It is a symbol of realism.C．It reveals political and social problems during the Northern Song Dynasty.D．It indicates that the Northern Song Dynasty was at its worst.5．Why is it not often displayed to the public A．Because it is easily damaged.B．Because it is not intact (完整的) now.C．Because people are not enthusiastic about it.D．Because the workers have to repair it often.Ⅲ.课文语法填空Zhang Zeduan's Qingming Scroll is a representative work of realism in Chinese art. 1.________ (paint) on a five-metre-long silk scroll, the painting provides an important insight into life in China in the 12th century. The ancient scroll, 2.________ is currently kept in the Palace Museum in Beijing, gives the viewer an idea of what life was like for the people of Bianjing. It is possible that the most 3.________ (impress) aspect of the painting is Zhang's precise brushwork. The painting reveals a great deal about the 12th-century Chinese customs, clothing, transportation 4.________ (method), business practices and various buildings. At first sight, the overall scene of life in the capital city seems peaceful and cheerful. 5.________， some critics suggest that on closer inspection, the painting actually exposes serious political and social problems. Some boats 6.________ (carry) food do not seem to belong to the government, which 7.________ (suggest) that the government has lost control of food supplies and transportation.The details show that the crisis is developing in the city. As a matter of fact, the Northern Song Dynasty was 8.________ the decline by this stage. About 20 years after the painting was completed, it 9.________ (overthrow).With the Qingming Scroll, Zhang made 10.________ outstanding contribution to Chinese art and greatly influenced generations of future artists.教材助读·开放课堂[教材原文]Qingming ScrollZhang Zeduan's Qingming Scroll is a masterwork of Chinese art. Painted on a five-metre-long silk scroll[1], it offers an important insight① into life in China in the 12th century. It is commonly believed that the city described in the painting is Bianjing (present-day Kaifeng), the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. The ancient scroll has survived the test of time② remarkably well, and is currently housed in the Palace Museum in Beijing.[1]过去分词短作说明性状语The scroll consists of③ three main sections. The first section presents a peaceful scene of rural life near Bianjing, featuring crop④ fields, a river winding⑤ through the landscape, and farmers hard at work. The second section shows the riverbanks and the central bridge alive with⑥ activity as boats sail⑦ in and out of Bianjing. Civilians⑧ can also be seen walking through the city gate in both directions. The third and final section pictures life inside the city itself. Here, hundreds of people from all walks of life⑨， including butchers⑩ , hairdressers and government officials, can be seen going about their daily business. The combination of these three sections gives the viewer an idea of what life was like for the people of Bianjing[2].[2]what引导的宾语从句作of的宾语Zhang's amazing artistic technique is apparent all across the scroll. Using ink on silk, he creates realistic images of scenery, buildings and people, and displays a remarkable mastery of perspective . The most impressive aspect of the painting, however, is probably Zhang's precise brushwork. This well-developed ability, as well as the scroll's ambitious size, allows Zhang to show an enormous amount of detail—you could study the painting for hours and still discover something new.Thanks to all this fine detail, the Qingming Scroll provides a comprehensive look at life during the Northern Song Dynasty. It reveals a great deal about the 12th-century Chinese customs, clothing ， transportation methods, business practices, and a wide range of buildings, such as temples ， teahouses and government structures . At first sight ， the overall scene of life in the capital city appears peaceful and cheerful. However, some critics suggest that on closer inspection ， the painting actually exposes serious political and social problems. Some boats carrying food do not seem to belong to the government[3], which suggests that the government has lost control of food supplies and tran-sportation. Also in the painting are soldiers who appear to ignore their duties[4]. There are some less obvious indicators of trouble too. For example, in the centre of the scroll, a boat is in danger of crashing into the bridge. These sorts of details point to a crisis developing in the city. In fact, the Northern Song Dynasty was in decline by this stage. About twenty years after the painting was completed, it was overthrown .[3]现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰some boats，相当于that carry food[4]who引导定语从句，修饰soldiersZhang's timeless scroll is an important example of realism in the history of Chinese paintings. Its value is down not only to its great scale ， artistic quality and attention to detail, but also to its representation of daily life. Such is its worth that several later emperors even asked the most talented artists of their day to make copies of the scroll. Some of these copies are now regarded as precious works of art in their own right . With the Qingming Scroll, Zhang made an outstanding contribution to Chinese art and greatly influenced generations of future artists.The original scroll is still in one piece despite its age, but it is extremely delicate. Because of this, it is not often displayed to the public. The last time it was on exhibition ， crowds waited in line for hours for the rare chance to see the famous painting with their own eyes [5]. The public's continued enthusiasm about the Qingming Scroll, even after all these centuries, speaks volumes about the power of this historic51 piece of art.[5]不定式短语作后置定语，修饰chance，表示“做……的机会” [词汇注释]①insight/' nsa t/n.洞悉，了解；洞察力，领悟※insight into对……的洞悉②survive the test of time经受住时间的考验③consist of由……组成④crop/kr p/n.庄稼，作物；收成，产量※crop fields庄稼地，农田⑤wind/wa nd/vi. & vt. (wound, wound)蜿蜒，迂回；上发条；缠绕※wind through蜿蜒穿过⑥alive with充满⑦sail/se l/vi. & vt.(乘船)航行；起航；驾驶(船只)；飘，掠 n．帆；乘船航行⑧civilian/s 'v li n/n.平民，老百姓，庶民⑨all walks of life各行各业，社会各界※from all walks of life来自各行各业⑩butcher/'b t (r)/n.肉贩，屠夫 go about sth.忙于做某事，继续做某事 apparent/ 'p r nt/adj.显而易见，明白易懂，显然 ink/ k/n.墨水，墨汁 perspective/p 'spekt v/n.透视法；态度，观点；客观判断力；景观，远景 precise/pr 'sa s/adj.细致的，精细的；准确的，精确的；恰好的 ambitious/ m'b s/adj.宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的 enormous/ 'n m s/adj.巨大的，庞大的※an enormous amount of海量的a large amount of大量的 thanks to多亏，幸亏 comprehensive/ k mpr 'hens v/adj.全面的，详尽的；综合性的※a comprehensive look at全面看待，全面了解 clothing/'kl /n.衣服，服装 a wide range of大范围的；广泛的 temple/'templ/n.庙宇，寺院 structure/'str kt (r)/n.建筑物；结构，构造；精心组织 at first sight乍看上去 overall/ v r' l/adj.全面的，综合的 adv.全部，总计；一般来说，大体上※the overall scene of life生活的全貌 critic/'kr t k/n.批评家，评论家；批评者，挑剔的人 inspection/ n'spek n/n.检查，查看，审视；视察※on closer inspection经过更为仔细的观察 expose/ k'sp z/vt.揭露；揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触※be exposed to暴露于…… political/p 'l t kl/adj.政治的，政府的，政权的；政党的，党派的 lose control of失去对……的控制 soldier/'s ld (r)/n.军人，士兵 appear to do...似乎做…… crisis/'kra s s/n. (pl. crises/'kra si z/)危机，危急关头；危难时刻，病危期 decline/d 'kla n/n.衰退，衰落，减少，下降vi. & vt.减少，下降，衰退，衰落；谢绝※in decline衰落，走下坡路 overthrow/ v 'θr /vt.(overthrew, overthrown)推翻，打倒/' v θr /n.推翻，打倒 be an example of是……的例证(典范) be down to由……引起(或造成) scale/ske l/n.规模，范围；等级，级别；标度；比例 emperor/'emp r (r)/n.皇帝※empress n．皇后 be regarded as被认为是…… in one's own right凭自身的资格(或努力) outstanding/a t'st nd /adj.优秀的，杰出的；突出的，明显的 make an outstanding contribution to为……做出卓越贡献 because of由于，因为 exhibition/ eks 'b n/n.展览，展出※exhibit v．展览，展出 wait in line排队等候 rare/re (r)/adj.稀少的，罕见的；稀罕的，珍贵的 with one's own eyes亲眼 enthusiasm about对……的热情 speak volumes about充分说明，清楚表明（51）historic/h 'st r k/adj.历史上著名的；有史时期的 [汉语译文]《清明上河图》张择端的《清明上河图》是中国艺术的杰作。此画为五米绢本长卷，它对于我们洞悉12世纪中国的生活面貌是极其重要的。人们通常认为，画中描绘的城市是汴京(今开封)，即北宋的都城。这幅古老画卷历经沧桑依旧完好，现藏于北京故宫博物院。全画分为三部分。第一部分展现了汴京近郊恬静的乡村生活，重点描绘了农田、蜿蜒而过的河流和辛勤劳作的农民。第二部分则展现了熙熙攘攘的河岸和中心桥，往来京城的船只穿梭着。城门处能看到进进出出的百姓。第三部分，同时也是最后一部分，描绘了城内的生活。我们能看到数以百计各行各业的人，包括肉贩、理发匠、官差，都在忙着各自的营生。三部分综合起来，观者便可对当时汴京人的生活状况有一大致了解。显然，张择端在整幅画中表现了他高妙的艺术技巧。他施墨于绢，落笔之处，风景、建筑、人物，无不逼真传神，同时展现出对透视法的精通。不过，此画最引人注目之处当是其精准细腻的笔法。凭借高超的技艺，以及恢宏的画幅，张择端刻画了海量的细节，哪怕端详几个小时，你还是会有新的发现。多亏这些精准的细节，《清明上河图》全面展示了北宋时期的生活景象。它透露了12世纪中国在民俗、服饰、交通方式、商业活动，以及诸如庙宇、茶馆、政府设施等种类繁多的建筑方面的诸多细节。乍看上去，京城生活总体上安宁而欢愉。然而，有评论家指出，细心观察，这幅画其实揭露了严重的政治和社会问题。有些运粮船看上去不像官船，这意味着官府已失去了对粮食供应和运输的控制。画中也有些官兵似乎疏于职守。此外还有一些不好的苗头，不太容易察觉。比如，画卷中部有一艘船眼看就要撞到桥上。种种细节都预示着某种危机正在京城中酝酿。事实上，当时的北宋王朝已经在走下坡路了。这幅画完成约20年后，北宋覆灭。张择端这幅不朽之作是中国绘画史上现实主义的重要典范。它的价值不仅在于画幅宏大，艺术性高，注重细节，更在于其对日常生活的再现。其价值之高，以至于后世有多位皇帝令当时最有才华的画家加以临摹。其中有些摹本现今自身亦被视为艺术珍品。张择端以这幅《清明上河图》对中国艺术做出了卓越贡献，也深刻影响着后世一代又一代的艺术家。尽管年代久远，此画原作仍然完好，但已极为脆弱。有鉴于此，它很少公开示人。上一次展出时，观众为了这个一睹名画真容的难得机遇，不惜排几个小时的队。甚至在几个世纪之后，公众对《清明上河图》仍热情不减，这足以证明这幅历史名画的魅力。核心突破·互动探究 第一版块|重点词汇诠释1)insight n.洞悉，了解；洞察力，领悟)insight into 对……的洞悉/了解an insight into life 对生活的洞悉/了解give an insight into 深入了解/剖析……with amazing insight 具有惊人的洞察力of great insight 有深刻洞察力的a woman of great insight 一位有深刻洞察力的女士a writer of great insight 一位有深刻洞察力的作家 He was a man with considerable insight.他是个富有非凡的洞察力的人。 The book gives us fascinating insights into life in Nanjing.这本书生动地描绘了南京的生活。 His exploration of the myth brings insight into the American psyche.他对那个神话的探索揭示了美国人的心理。 History has the potential to break down those boundaries by offering us insight into entire worlds that would otherwise be foreign to us.通过让我们了解对于我们陌生的世界，历史有能力打破那些界限。即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①His speech gave us an insight ____________ the problem of education.②He was a man of forceful character ____________ considerable insight.③The book is filled with remarkable ____________ (insight).④Many men ____________ insight all pay attention to these several points.⑤这些文章让读者对中国式的思维有了深入了解。These texts give the reader an __________________ the Chinese mind.2)wind vi. & vt.(wound, wound)蜿蜒，迂回；上发条；缠绕 n．风)wind through 蜿蜒穿过……wind down (钟表)慢下来后停住，(人)放松下来；摇下(车窗)wind down to 蜿蜒通向……wind sth. into... 把……缠成……wind up 上发条；将(车窗)摇上去；使结束wind up doing sth. 以做某事告终wind the car window up/down 把车窗摇上去/下来wind up the discussion/meeting 结束讨论/会议It's time to wind things up. 该结束了。 The path winds up to the top of the mountain.这条小径蜿蜒通向山顶。 I have arranged for my brother to wind my watch.我已经安排我的弟弟给我的表上发条了。 My mother wound wool into a ball and began to knit a sweater for me.我的妈妈把毛线缠成团，然后开始为我织毛衣。 We took the path which wound down to the beach.我们走上了弯弯曲曲通向海滩的小路。 Can I wind my window down？我可以把我这边的窗户摇下来吗？ I forgot to wind my watch up, so of course it stopped.我忘记给表上发条了，所以它当然停了。语境助记Almost half of that winds up in landfills, and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans.几乎一半进入了垃圾填埋场，多达1 200万吨的垃圾污染了海洋。即学即练 单句语法填空①We always have a walk along the ____________ (wind) path in the park.②Once she'd got into the car, she ____________ (wind) the window down.③I find it difficult to wind ____________ after a day at work.3)go about sth. 继续做某事，忙于做某事；着手做某事)(1)go about business 做生意，忙生意go about my own business 忙我自己的事go about one's work as usual 像往常一样忙于自己的工作go about doing sth. 开始做某事go about finding a job 开始找工作(2)go after 追逐，追求go against 对……不利，违背go all out 全力以赴go through 仔细查看，检查；经历，经受go beyond 超越；越过预期 The children are going about their homework tonight.今晚孩子们正忙着做家庭作业。 I want to learn German but I don't know the best way to go about it.我想学德语，但我不知道怎么样学最好。 Jim decided to go after the big prize.吉姆决心去争取那个大奖。 The contest is going against the blue team.比赛对蓝队越来越不利了。 They will go all out to get exactly what they want.他们会全力以赴得到他们想要的东西。 The results have gone beyond our hopes.结果已超出了我们所希望的。语境助记①Jason was determined not to go against his father's wishes.杰森决定不违背父亲的心愿。②Dave went through the drawers looking for envelopes.戴夫翻遍了抽屉找信封。即学即练 单句语法填空①We were simply going ____________ our business when our teacher came in.②He had to do that，because he would not go ____________ his parents' wishes.③We must go all ____________ to get into the ideal university.④He is going ____________ a divorce，and we should cheer him up.4)apparent adj.显而易见的，明白易懂的，显然；表面上的 apparently adv.看起来；显然)for no apparent reason 不知什么原因apparent change 明显的变化apparent honesty 表面上的诚实apparent reason 明显的原因be apparent to sb. 对某人来说是很明显的It is apparent that... ……是很明显的句式：It soon becomes apparent to sb. that...某人很快就会明白……It is apparent from one's face that...从某人的脸上一眼就可以看出……It has been apparent that... 显然…… Everyone present ran out for no apparent reason.不知什么原因，在场的人全跑出去了。 His meaning was not apparent to them.他们不明白他的意思。 It is apparent that he has changed his mind.显然他改变了主意。 It was apparent to everyone that he was annoyed.大家都知道他生气了。 Apparently the two statements contradict each other.显然，这两种说法相互矛盾。 It soon became apparent to her that no one was going to come.她很快就会明白，没人会来。联想拓展表示“显而易见”的其他单词；adj. adv.clear clearlyobvious obviouslyevident evidently即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①____________ soon became apparent that no one was going to come.②The important role of children's education is apparent ____________ the social public.③He is ____________ (apparent) unhappy about the result of the reform.④今天早上我坐地铁时，对面那个男人突然无缘无故地尖叫起来。I was on the metro this morning when for no __________________________ the man opposite suddenly screamed.5)thanks to 幸亏，由于)thanks to 幸亏，由于。通过用于表达正面，但有时用作反语。thanks for 表示“因为……而表示感谢” Thanks to your help, we were successful.多亏了你的帮助，我们成功了。 The play succeeded thanks to fine acting of all the actors.由于全体演员的精彩表演，那出戏才获得成功。 Thanks to his carelessness, we lost the game.由于他的疏忽大意，我们输掉了这场比赛。 Thanks for your timely help.多谢你的及时帮助。 I'd love to go to the party.Thanks for inviting me.我愿意参加派对。谢谢你邀请我。联想拓展表示“因为，由于”的其他短语：(1)because of，常作状语。①He can't come because of the bad weather.他因为天气不好不能来了。(2)due to，常作状语和表语。②The team's success was largely due to their solidarity.这个队的成功在很大程度上是他们团结的结果。即学即练 单句语法填空①Thanks ________ the advances in technology, students can learn online at home during the epidemic period.②Thanks ____________ inviting me to the Chinese Calligraphy Exhibition.6)expose vt.揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触 exposure n．暴露，曝光；揭露，揭穿)(1)expose...to... 暴露……给……，使……接触……expose oneself to... 使自己面临……；使自己暴露于……be exposed to 暴露于；接触到(2)exposure to 暴露于……the exposure of 对……的揭露 The young man was brave enough to expose an official's crime.那位年轻人很勇敢，揭露了一位官员的罪行。 When he smiled, he exposed a set of perfect white teeth.他笑时露出了一口洁白无瑕的牙齿。 You'd be exposed to less pollution if you move to a town with pure water and air.如果你搬到一个水质纯净、空气清新的小镇，你接触到的污染将少很多。 To improve our sleeping habit, we'd better expose ourselves to more natural light in the day.为了改善我们的睡眠习惯，我们最好在白天多晒晒自然光。 Nowadays many parents want to have their kids exposed to art and culture as much as possible.现在很多父母想让孩子尽可能多地接触艺术与文化。即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①We should expose our children ____________ challenging situations from time to time and such ____________ (expose) will make them handle challenges better.②Don't ____________________________ (让土豆受到阳光照射). They will go bad.③It's important for children to ________________________ (接触名著).7)decline n.衰退，衰落，减少，下降 vi. & vt.减少，下降，衰退，衰落；谢绝)(1)a rapid/sharp/gradual decline in... ……迅速/急剧/逐渐下降in decline/on the decline 处于衰退中，走下坡路，在下降fall/go into (a) decline 开始衰落/衰退(2)decline in... 在……方面减少/下降decline by... 下降了……(后常接分数或百分数)decline to... 下降到……(后常接具体数字)(3)decline an offer/invitation 谢绝(对方的)主动帮助/邀请decline a proposal/suggestion 谢绝建议decline to do sth. 拒绝做某事 By the end of the Qing Dynasty，however，paper-cutting was once in decline/on the decline because new art forms were being introduced.然而，到了清末，剪纸艺术一度因为新艺术形式的引入而衰落。 The town fell into (a) decline after the mine closed.这个镇在矿井关闭后开始衰落。 The company reported a sharp decline in its profits this year.该公司报告其今年的利润急剧下降。 The libraries are not declining in importance—people are simply changing the way they use them.图书馆的重要性并没有下降——人们仅仅改变了使用图书馆的方式。 Her health was declining rapidly.她的健康状况迅速恶化。 The number of tourists to the resort declined by 10% last year.去年到这个旅游胜地的游客人数减少了10%。 The number of staff has declined to 114，000.员工人数已经减少到114 000人。 I invited her to join us, but she declined (my invitation).我邀请她加入我们，可是她婉言拒绝了(我的邀请)。名师点津(1)常见的表示“增加”的(短语)动词：rise，increase，go up。(2)常见的表示“减少”的(短语)动词还有：fall，drop，decrease，go down。(3)表示“增加”或“减少”的幅度时常用介词by，表示“增加”或“减少”的结果时常用介词to。语境助记He declined to discuss his plan.他拒绝讨论他的计划。即学即练 单句语法填空①More efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is ____________ the decline.②As the economy was ____________ decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs.③Even chimp (黑猩猩) mothers regularly decline ____________ (share) food with their children who are able from a young age to gather their own food.④Government spending this year is estimated to decline ____________ approximately 2%.8)be down to 由……引起(或造成))be all down to 完全由……引起/造成be down to sb. 是某人的责任＝be up to sb./be down to sth. (钱)所剩无几/只剩一点儿get down to 开始做，开始认真注意(或对待)It's down to sb. to do sth. 该某人做某事了。be down on sb. 对……不公/苛责be/go down with sth. 生/得/染(病) His success was down to being in the right place at the right time.他的成功在于把握住了时机。 She claimed her problems were down to the media.她声称她的问题是媒体造成的。 Chris's success is all down to him.克里斯的成功完全是他自己努力的结果。 The meat ration was down to one pound per person per week in that era.在那个时代，肉类的配给量降到了每人每周一磅。 By 2019，that percentage was down to 44%，and by 2020 it fell to 41%.到了2019年，那个百分比下降到了44%，到了2020年则下降到了41%。 It's down to me to make sure that everyone is happy.确保每个人都愉快是我的责任。 Let's cut the crap and get down to business.咱们别说废话了，开始干正事吧。 Gill's down with flu.吉尔患了流感。 He's been really down on me lately.他最近特别跟我过不去。特别提示本结构中的to是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词作介词宾语。联想拓展be down to一词多义：仅剩下be down to your last pound/dollar只剩下最后的一英镑/一美元降低至be down to three percent下降到百分之三由……负责＝be up to sb.be down to sb.由某人负责即学即练 单句语法填空①We all know that his final success is ____________ to his hard-working all the time.②Let's stop chatting and get down to ____________ (discuss) something important about our learning.③Chris's success is all down ________ his efforts.9)ambitious adj.宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的 ambition n．志向，抱负；雄心；目标)(1)be ambitious for 渴望……be ambitious to do sth. 渴望做某事(2)be full of ambition 充满野心realize/achieve/fulfill one's ambition 实现某人的抱负have an ambition to do sth./of doing sth. 有做某事的愿望One's ambition is to be/do sth. 某人的理想是(做)…… Robert is a very ambitious man and one of his ambitions is to become a great scientist in the future.罗伯特是一个非常有雄心的人，他的目标之一是将来成为一名伟大的科学家。 They were very ambitious for their children.他们望子成龙心切。 Millions of waterfowl were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen.数以百万计的水禽被市场猎人和少数过于雄心勃勃的运动员杀死。即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①I start every summer with the best of intentions: to attack one big book from the past, a classic that I was supposed to have read when young and ________ (ambition).②科学家往往充满传奇心和远大抱负。Scientists tend to be curious and ______________________．③他一直都野心勃勃，极其争强好斗。He has always been ________ and fiercely competitive.10)a wide range of大范围的；广泛的 range n．一系列；范围；山脉 v．变化，变动)(1)a range of services 一系列服务a whole/full range of 各种各样的……(2)a mountain range 山脉the age/price range 年龄/价格范围in/within range of 在……的范围内out of/beyond range of 超出……的范围在……到……的范围内变化即学即练 单句语法填空①But there is a whole range ________ other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for, which is what makes music so valuable.②The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ________ (range) from butterflies to elephants.11)in one's own right凭自身的资格(或努力))in one's own right＝on one's ownbe in the right (在与别人的争论中)有理have the right to do sth. 有权做某事have no right to do sth. 无权做某事have a right to be angry/concerned 有理由生气/担心 She became a very wealthy woman in her own right.＝She became a very wealthy woman on her own.她凭自己的能力成为十分富有的女人。 I have become popular in my own right, without my father's help.没有父亲的帮助，我凭借自己的能力变得受人欢迎。 Both sides are convinced that they are in the right.双方都认为自己有理。即学即练 完成句子①你觉得你有权利跟我那样说话吗？Do you think you ________________ talk to me like that ②他只是个孩子，所以我们有理由担心他的安全。He is just a child, so we ________________________ about his safety.12)speak volumes about充分说明，清楚表明)(1)speak volumes about＝speak volumes for充分说明，清楚表明speak volumes about how much you care充分说明你有多在乎(2)speak one's mind 说出心里话，直抒己见speak with one voice 众口一词，异口同声speak the same language 有共同语言speak out of turn 说话鲁莽，讲话不合身份 What you wear speaks volumes about you.衣着显示你的内心。 The nice present speaks volumes about how much she misses you.这份精美礼物足以表达出她对你的思念。即学即练 完成句子①说出你的想法，我们会认真听的。____________________________， and you will be heard.②咱们联合起来，众口一词吧。Let's be united and __________________________________．③似乎没有人随意开口。No one seems ____________________________________． 第二版块|重点句型解构1)(教材原句)It is commonly believed that the city described in the painting is Bianjing (present-day Kaifeng), the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty.人们普遍认为，画中描绘的城市是北宋都城汴京(今天的开封)。)[句式分析] 本句中包含“It is believed that...”结构，it是形式主语，that引导主语从句。(1)句型解读：该句型表示“人们相信……”，其中It是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语，that仅起连接作用，不作成分。(2)常用于此句型的过去分词(短语)还有said，reported，thought，hoped，suggested，proved等。 Mr Smith is quite good at painting and it is believed that he is the next Picasso.史密斯先生很擅长绘画，人们相信他是下一位毕加索。 It is said that body language accounts for 55 per cent of first impressions while what you say just 7 per cent.据说肢体语言占第一印象的55%，而你说的话只占7%。 It can be proved that what he has said is not true.他所说的并不是真的，这可以得到证实。(3)在“It is suggested/demanded/required/...that...”句型中，从句的谓语应用“should＋动词原形”的形式，should可以省略。即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作①It ____________ (report) that a space station will be built on the moon in years to come.②It's required that the football match ____________ (be) put off because of the bad weather.③人们普遍认为，具有优秀品质的人更有可能在职业生涯中取得成功。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________④据报道，新的地铁已完工。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2)(教材原句)Such is its worth that several later emperors even asked the most talented artists of their day to make copies of the scroll.这幅画价值如此之高，以至于后世有几位皇帝甚至命令当朝最有才华的画家来临摹这幅长卷。)[句式分析] 本句是一个倒装句，such置于句首时，主句要倒装。“so/such...that”结构中的so/such位于句首时主句用部分倒装 Such a nice man did he seem that we all believed him.他看起来人不错，以至于我们都相信了他。 Such was the force of explosion that all the windows were broken.爆炸的力量很大，把所有的窗户都震破了。 So dark was it that he couldn't see the faces of his companions.天这么黑，他看不见同伴的脸。 So careful was he in correcting the papers that no spelling mistakes escaped him.在改试卷中他如此细心，不会漏掉任何一个拼写错误。 So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.光传播得如此快，我们难以想象其速度。名师点津在“so/such...that...”结构中，当so, such连同它所直接修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句用部分倒装，即助动词放在主语之前。that后面的结果状语从句不倒装。即学即练 单句语法填空/句式升级(倒装)①So fast ____________ she drive at the turn that the car almost went off the road.②So attractive ____________ the place that many people come to visit it.③There is so little rain this summer that we have to water the vegetable garden often.→____________ this summer that we have to water the vegetable garden often.④It's such a little kitchen that I don't have to do much to keep it clean.→____________ that I don't have to do much to keep it clean.3)(教材原句)The first section presents a peaceful scene of rural life near Bianjing, featuring crop fields, a river winding through the landscape, and farmers hard at work.第一部分展现了汴京近郊恬静的乡村生活，重点描绘了农田、蜿蜒而过的河流和辛勤劳作的农民。)[句式分析] 现在分词短语winding...作后置定语，修饰a river。(1)位置：单个现在分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词之前；现在分词短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰词之后。 A barking dog seldom bites.吠犬不咬人。 The man standing against the wall is our teacher.靠墙站着的那个人是我们的老师。(2)形式：现在分词作定语有doing和being done两种形式，一般不用having done形式作定语。(3)意义：doing表示主动、动作正在进行或现在(当时)的状态。being done表示被动、动作正在进行。 The meeting being held now is of great importance.现在正在举行的这个会议很重要。(4)转换成句：现在分词短语作后置定语时可转换成定语从句。 Will the people sitting at the back keep quiet, please ＝Will the people who are sitting at the back keep quiet, please 坐在后面的人请保持安静，好吗？ Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing.＝Yet there is evidence that/which suggests that the trend is growing.然而，有证据表明这一趋势正在增长。即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①The company sent me a brochure ________ (contain) all the information in need.②We are raising money for those ________ (suffer) from drought.③There is a small river ________ (flow) through the farm.④This was one of the experiments ________ (carry) out in the country/then.⑤她创立了瓢虫基金会，一个旨在消除无家可归现象的组织。She started the Ladybug Foundation, an organization __________________．4)(教材原句)The last time it was on exhibition, crowds waited in line for hours for the rare chance to see the famous painting with their own eyes.上一次展出时，观众为了这个一睹名画真容的难得机遇，不惜排几个小时的队。)[句式分析] 名词短语the last time在句中作连词用，引导时间状语从句，意为“上次……”。用作从属连词的名词短语还有：·以time为中心词构成的名词短语： the first time (第一次), (the) next time (下一次), every time (每次), each time (每次), any time (任何时候)·the moment/minute/instant/second (一……就……)·由“年、月、日”“春、夏、秋、冬”构成的名词短语： the year/month/day (那年/月/天), the spring/summer/autumn/winter (那年春天/夏天/秋天/冬天)I felt nervous the first time I gave a speech to many students.我第一次给许多学生做演讲时感到很紧张。即学即练 完成句子①但是下次当你发现自己和陌生人在一起的时候，想想闲聊是值得费心的。But ________________ you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble.②这位车手在他第一次骑自行车并受伤时，简直吓坏了。The cyclist just felt frightened ________________ he was riding a bicycle and got injured.课时达标·随堂自测Ⅰ.单词拼写1．His book impresses me with his ____________ (了解) into the alien culture.2．To our sorrow, the ____________ (庄稼) were greatly affected by the pests.3．The lane ____________ (蜿蜒) for hundreds of meters and is a perfect setting for dating.4．We spent most of the month ____________ (乘船航行), trying to trace the dolphins.5．We are impressed and touched by those ____________ (平民) volunteers.6．It is hard to measure the ____________ (精确的) impact of this strike.7．He is both ____________ (有雄心的) and realistic. We're sure he will be somebody in the future.8．The chef was lost in an ____________ (庞大的) amount of letters from his fans asking for his recipe.9．The book is a ____________ (详尽的) guide to the left- behind children in rural areas.10．How many layers of ____________ (衣服) are you wearing 11．The old ____________ (寺院) is likely to fall apart in the pouring rain.12．The temple is a wooden ____________ (建筑), which stands on the top of the hill.13．____________ (一般来说，大体上), it is not a suitable place to live.14．He is a musician and food ____________ (评论家), who usually gets his inspiration for composing from tasty food.15．Experts carried out a thorough ____________ (检查) of the old temple.16．Don't ________ (使接触) your children to too much salty and spicy food.17．He is a genius in handling ____________ (政治的) issues.18．The ____________ (危机) faced by the whole neighbourhood is beyond control.19．The gallery reported a small ____________ (减少，下降) in its profits.20．They ____________ (推翻) the government and won liberation.21．His ____________ (优秀的) ability won him a place in the team and also built his reputation.22．The historic Chinese painting Qingming Scroll is quite ____________ (罕见的).23．He did enormous research on these ____________ (历史上著名的) questions.24．What made you decide your ____________ (生涯，职业) as a food critic Ⅱ.短语填空consist of, sail in and out of, wind through, insight into, go about, as well as, an enormous amount of, on closer inspection, all walks of life, in decline, be down to, a wide range of, be regarded as, because of, speak volumes about, in one's own right1．Students are provided with a packed lunch which ____________ a sandwich, a drink and a dessert.2．He is still considered as a gifted musician, but his performance is ____________．3．His lecture ____________ one of the most uplifting ones.4．Nowadays, the rural area can offer ____________ choices of jobs.5．The island attracts enormous tourists ____________ its pleasant weather.6．The musician, ____________ his students, was invited to perform the symphony together at the opening ceremony.7．His portrait ____________ his character.8．Secrets of his success can ____________ his brilliant talent and determination.9．I'm impressed that people from ____________ are working together to defend our country.10．The articles gave us an ____________ the jazz culture.11．____________， there are some mistakes in the tune.12．Don't be desperate for ____________ money.13．We spent the whole day ____________ the bay, enjoying the scenery and having fun.14．During the depression, people found it harder to ____________ their career.15．He then was wandering along the trail ____________ the forest and breathing the fresh air.16．The man won his reputation ____________ in the clothing industry.Ⅲ.单句语法填空1．This book gives us a fascinating insight ____________ the local culture and custom.2．If you are really going ____________ a rough time, don't be afraid to share your feelings with a close friend or your family.3．Thanks ____________ advances in the Internet, how we make friends and communicate has changed significantly.4．You're likely to get the flu if you wear a short dress with your arms and legs exposed ____________ the cold.5．These lights, known as adaptive signals, have led to significant declines ____________ both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home.6．____________has been proved that eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.7．____________ a well-known tourist attraction is the Great Wall that millions of people pour in every year.8．Today, satellite data and computer technology help scientists predict the weather more ____________ (precise).Ⅳ.完成句子1．他说话的声音太大了，隔壁屋里的人都能听见。____________________________ that even people in the next room could hear him.(so位于句首引起的倒装)2．从我在顶楼的办公室，我可以看到城市的工人们忙于自己的工作。From my office on the top floor, I could observe the city's workers ____________________________________. (go about)3．她声称她的问题是她粗心大意造成的。She claimed that her problems ____________________________________________ her carelessness.(down)4．她凭自己的努力获得了领导及同事的赞赏。She was recognized by the leader and her colleagues ____________________________________．(right)5．你的眼神可以清楚显示你的内心自我。The expressions in your eyes can ____________________________________ your inner self. (speak)Section C Extended reading & Project & Further study新知感知·自学导引Ⅰ.核心词汇1．长卷纸，卷轴 2.insight 3.crop 4.wind; wound; wound5．sail 6.civilian 7.butcher 8.墨水，墨汁 9.透视法；态度，观点；客观判断力；景观，远景 prehensive11．clothing 12.temple 13.structure 14.overall 15.critic16．soldier 17.crisis; crises 18.declineⅡ.拓展词汇1．apparent; apparently 2.precise; precisely 3.ambitious; ambition 4.enormous; enormously 5.inspection; inspect; inspector 6.expose; exposure 7.political; politics; politician 8.exhibition; exhibit 9.rare; rarely 10.historic; history; historicalⅢ.重点短语1．insight into sth. 2.consist of... 3.from all walks of life4．go about sth. 5.an enormous amount of detail6．thanks to 7.at first sight 8.crash into sth.9．point to sth. 10.in declineⅣ.重点句型1．It is commonly believed that 2.Such is; that文本研析·语篇理解Ⅱ.根据课文内容选择正确答案1．A 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.AⅢ.课文语法填空1．Painted 2.which 3.impressive 4.methods 5.However6．carrying 7.suggests 8.on 9.was overthrown 10.an核心突破·互动探究 第一版块|重点词汇诠释1．①into ②with ③insights ④of ⑤insight into2．①winding ②wound ③down3．①about ②against ③out ④through4．①It ②to ③apparently ④apparent reason5．①to ②for6．①to; exposure ②expose potatoes to sunlight③be exposed to classics7．①on ②in ③to share ④by8．①down ②discussing ③to9．①ambitious ②ambitious ③ambitious10．①of ②ranging11．①have the right to ②have the right to be concerned12．①Speak your mind ②speak with one voice ③to speak out of turn 第二版块|重点句型解构1．①is reported ②(should) be③It is widely believed that people with good qualities are more likely to achieve success in their career.④It's reported that the new subway has been completed.2．①did ②is ③So little rain is there ④Such a little kitchen is it3．①containing ②suffering ③flowing ④being carried ⑤aiming at getting rid of homelessness4．①next time ②the first time课时达标·随堂自测Ⅰ.单词拼写1．insight 2.crops 3.winds 4.sailing 5.civilian6．precise 7.ambitious 8.enormous 9.comprehensive10．clothing 11.temple 12.structure 13.Overall 14.critic15．inspection 16.expose 17.political 18.crisis19．decline 20.overthrew 21.outstanding 22.rare23．historic 24.careerⅡ.短语填空1．consists of 2.in decline 3.is regarded as 4.a wide range of 5.because of 6.as well as 7.speaks volumes about 8.be down to 9.all walks of life 10.insight into 11.On closer inspection 12.an enormous amount of 13.sailing in and out of 14.go about 15.winding through 16.in his own rightⅢ.单句语法填空1．into 2.through 3.to 4.to 5.in 6.It 7.Such 8.preciselyⅣ.完成句子1．So loudly did he speak2．going about their work3．were down to4．in her own right5．speak volumes about语法精讲③ 动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作表语1．动词-ing形式作表语动词-ing形式作表语有两种不同的含义：(1)表示主语的内容是什么。 Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible．她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。 The real question is getting to know the needs of the students.真正的问题是了解学生的需求。 His hobby is collecting stamps.他的爱好是集邮。(2)表示主语具有的特征。 The problem is quite puzzling.这个问题很令人困惑。 It is astonishing to see the animals and plants that are found nowhere else in the world.看到了在世界上其他地方找不到的动植物真是令人惊讶。 The food at the dinner party did not seem very inviting.宴会上的食物似乎并不诱人。比较：一般说来，动词-ing形式表示一般性、习惯性的动作，或抽象性的动作，时间概念不强。而动词不定式表示的动作往往是具体的或一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作。 It's not good for you to smoke so much.吸这么多烟对你的身体不好。(具体) They prefer staying indoors when the weather is cold.他们天冷时更喜欢待在室内。(泛指) Would you prefer to stay at home this evening 今晚你想待在家里吗？(具体)2．动词-ed形式作表语(1)动词-ed形式在连系动词后作表语，说明主语的状态。 The students are fully prepared.学生们已做好了充分的准备。 When we got there, the shop was closed.我们到那儿时，商店已经关门了。 She felt satisfied with her performance on the high-and-low bars.她对自己在高低杠上的表现感到满意。 Hearing the news，he looked disappointed.听到这个消息，他看起来很失望。 The top of the mountain is covered with snow all through the year.山顶上终年被积雪覆盖。(2)-ed形式作表语与被动语态的区别要把-ed形式作表语和被动语态区别开来。-ed形式作表语表示状态，被动语态中的-ed形式表示被动动作。 All the doors are locked.所有的门都是锁着的。(-ed形式作表语，表示状态) All the doors were locked by the guard.所有的门都被卫兵锁上了。(被动语态，表示动作) Peter the Great is buried here.彼得大帝就埋葬在这里。(-ed形式作表语，表示状态) Peter the Great was buried here in 1725.彼得大帝于1725年被埋葬在这里。(被动语态，表示动作)3．-ed形式与-ing形式作表语时的区别(1)动词-ed形式作表语，主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态，含有被动的意思；而-ing形式作表语多表示主语具有的特征，含有主动的意思。 They were frightened to hear the frightening sound.他们听到那可怕的声音感到很害怕。 At the sight of the moving scene，all the people present were moved.看到这么动人的情景，在场的所有人都感动了。(2)一些动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式的词(如pleased，tired, excited，disappointed，puzzling，surprising，disappointing，exciting，moving等)已经变成形容词，可以被very，too，greatly等表示程度的副词修饰。一些(如amused，puzzled，relaxed等)不能被very，too修饰。只能被much修饰。 These problems are very puzzling.这些问题很令人迷惑。 The football match was very exciting.足球赛非常令人激动。 She is greatly pleased with the result.她对结果非常满意。 We are much puzzled by his failure to reply.他不给我们回信使我们百思不得其解。 His speech was very moving.他的演讲非常感人。(3)有时动词-ing形式表示主语所指的内容，这时动词-ing形式可以带有逻辑主语或者宾语。而动词-ed形式则不行。如： My aim is everybody's having a good time.我的目标是让每个人都玩得开心。 My job is teaching senior high school students.我的工作是教高中生。课时达标·随堂自测单句语法填空1．My job is ____________ (teach) you English.2．The news is very ____________ (excite). After hearing the news, we feel quite ____________ (excite).3．The story was ____________ (move). We were all deeply ____________ (move) by the story.4．The window is ____________ (break); you'd better have it repaired.5．I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes, so he doesn't feel ____________ (challenge).6．Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got ____________ (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish.7．We got a little ____________ (sunburn), but the day had been so relaxing that we didn't mind.8．While waiting for the opportunity to get ____________ (promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty.9．For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying __________ (connect).10．It is easy to get ____________ (discourage) when things are going bad.11．Please remain ____________ (seat) until the plane has come to a complete stop.12．The children will get ____________ (confuse) if asked to learn too much at a time.13．The development of our aviation industry is quite __________ (encourage).14．What he has done is really ____________ (disappoint). Now his parents are ____________ (disappoint) with him.15．Word came that the audience were not ____________ (satisfy) with the commercial performance.16．All of us were ________________ (puzzle) by the question ________________ (raise) by a six-year-old boy.语法精讲③ 动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作表语课时达标·随堂自测单句语法填空1．teaching 2.exciting; excited 3.moving; moved4．broken 5.challenged 6.swept 7.sunburned/sunburnt 8.promoted 9.connected 10.discouraged 11.seated12．confused 13.encouraging 14.disappointing; disappointed 15.satisfied 16.puzzled; raised 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 Section A Welcome to the unit & Reading.docx Section B Grammar and usage & Integrated skills.docx Section C Extended reading & Project & Further study.docx Section D Writing——文化艺术.docx 语法精讲③ 动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作表语.docx
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