资源简介

Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　课前预习·自主学习
词汇预习·夯实基础
Ⅰ.词义匹配
(　　)1.boyhood A．n.斗牛
(　　)2.bullfighting B．n.(男性的)童年时期，少年时代
(　　)3.trainee C．n.点，小圆点
(　　)4.dot D．adv.往回，往前面
(　　)5.backwards E．n.接受工作培训的人；实习生
Ⅱ.拓展词汇知变形
1．________ n．追求，理想→ambitious adj.雄心勃勃的；有野心的
2．correspond vi.符合，一致；通信→________ n．通讯员，记者
3．history n．历史→________ adj.(有关)历史的
4．detect vt.察觉，发现；探测→________ n．私家侦探
5．ultimate adj.最终的；极限的→________ adv.最后，最终
Ⅲ.补全短语
1．________ action 采取行动
2．________ place 适当，恰当的；在适当的位置
3．________ this respect 在这一方面；就这点来说
4．based ________ 根据；以……为基础
5．________ contrast 相比之下；相对照
6．compared ________ 与……比起来
7．devote oneself ________ 致力于；献身于
8．focus ________ 集中于
9．________ pressure 在压力下
10．________ out 最终是，结果是
预习验收·衔接课堂
Ⅰ.单词默写
1．________ n. 追求，理想
2．________ n. 私家侦探
3．________ n. 通讯员，记者
4．________ adv. 最后，最终
5．________ adj. (有关)历史的
Ⅱ.短语填空
take action, in the face of, under pressure, based on, by contrast, devote oneself to, focus on, so that, in this respect, turn out
1．Each exercise ________________ a different grammar point.
2．The little boy saved every coin ________________ he could buy his mother a present on Mother's Day.
3．I hope all ________________ well for you.
4．I choose yes or no ________________ my goals.
5．You have to ________________ and deal with problems that you meet with.
6．She ________________ looking after the children who had lost their homes.
7．He took his courage in both hands ________________ danger.
8．The supervisor and the staff should reach a mutual agreement ________________．
9．The private sector (部门), ________________， has plenty of money to spend.
10．A lot of companies were ________________ from their investors (投资者).
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．正如我们中的许多人已经知道的那样，为未来制订适当的计划并不能保证它们会成为现实。
________________， having plans in place for the future is no guarantee that they will become reality.
2．尽管他们都以同样的追求不凡和充满活力的方式对待生活，但他们的事业却以截然不同的方式展开。
Although they shared ________________， their careers unfolded in contrasting ways.
3．高中一毕业，他就加入了堪萨斯当地一家报社，成为一名见习记者。
________________， he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter.
4．所以，无论你遇到什么挫折，像书中的这两位作家学习，对意想不到的事情做好准备。
So, ________________， take a leaf out of the books of these two authors and ________________．
5．史蒂夫·乔布斯曾经说过：“你不可能在展望未来的时候把点点滴滴串联起来；你只能在回顾的时候把它们联系起来。”
Steve Jobs once said, “You can't connect the dots ________________； you can only connect them ________________．”
课文自测·强化理解
Ⅰ.课文解构(挑战创新题)
Ⅱ.长难句分析
1．In this respect, some people are more fortunate than others, as can be illustrated by comparing the lives of two famous authors, born 40 years apart.
[句式分析]
本句中as引导定语从句。过去分词短语born 40 years apart作后置定语，修饰authors。
[尝试翻译]
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．Having set himself this goal, he wrote novels and short stories based on his personal experiences of the First World War, the Spanish Civil War, bullfighting and deep sea fishing, amongst others.
[句式分析]
Having set himself this goal为现在分词短语，在句中作状语。based on...为过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于定语从句which were based on...。
[尝试翻译]
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．Although some of his historical novels were published, their success was nothing compared to the stories of his fictional detective, Sherlock Holmes, which he is still best known for to this day.
[句式分析]
Although引导让步状语从句。which he is... day为which引导的非限制性定语从句。
[尝试翻译]
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4．Though both of these men were ultimately successful, their paths to success were very different, their futures not necessarily turning out exactly as they planned.
[句式分析]
Though引导让步状语从句。their futures... planned为独立主格结构，该结构中as引导方式状语从句。
[尝试翻译]
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Ⅲ.表格填空
Para. 1 For many of us, we are often wondering or worrying about the most 1.________ issue of our lives—the future. But how should we approach the future, by 2.________ to shape it or just accepting whatever comes our way？
Para. 2 As we all know, having plans 3.________ for the future is no guarantee that they will become reality. In this respect, some people are more fortunate than others, 4.________ can be illustrated by comparing the following two authors.
续表
Para. 3 — Para. 5 The American writer named Ernest Hemingway, 5.________ in 1899, was single minded in his 6.________ to write from early boyhood. He did many different jobs and used his extraordinary experiences 7.________ his writing. At last, he was a success as a writer, winning the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953 and later the Nobel Prize in Literature. 8.________， the young Arthur Conan Doyle, whose main ambition was to become a writer of historical novels, wasn't so lucky. 9.________ his stories of his fictional detective, Sherlock Holmes, his success in historical novels, plays, poems and academic papers was nothing.
Para. 6 10.________ twists and turns you might encounter, make sure to be prepared for the unexpected.
Ⅳ.根据课文内容选择正确答案
1．What is possibly the most important concern in life
A．Yesterday.
B．Today.
C．The future.
D．The day before yesterday.
2．What did Hemingway do to achieve his ambition to become a writer
A.He joined a local newspaper as a trainee reporter.
B．He became foreign correspondent for the Toronto Star.
C．He used his experiences both in Europe and Cuba to inform his writing.
D．All the above.
3．What's Doyle's main writing ambition
A．Becoming a writer of historical novels.
B．Working as a doctor in the local area.
C．Being known for his fictional stories.
D．Devoting himself to writing one story about what he knew.
4．Why was Doyle disappointed with the success of his Holmes' stories
A．Because he longed to become known for his plays.
B．Because he longed to become known for his poems.
C．Because he longed to become known for his historical novels.
D．Because he longed to become known for his medicine.
5．What's the passage mainly about
A．Different jobs people might do in the future.
B．Various possibilities for future development.
C．Stories about different people's future.
D．Fixed future for everyone.
Ⅴ.选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息(其中有一项是多余的)
A．as they planned
B．As many of us already know
C．As renowned tech innovator Steve Jobs once said
D．as can be illustrated by comparing the lives of two famous authors
E．As the saying goes
1．________， having plans in place for the future is no guarantee that they will become reality.
2．In this respect, some people are more fortunate than others, ________， born 40 years apart.
3．Though both of these men were ultimately successful, their paths to success were very different, their futures not necessarily turning out exactly ________．
4．________， “You can't connect the dots looking forward.”
原文研读·立体透析
[词汇积累]
①in the face of 面对
②take action
采取行动
③guarantee n．保证，担保；保证书
④in this respect
在这一方面；就这点来说
⑤fortunate adj.幸运的，运气好的
⑥illustrate vt.说明，阐明； 图解
⑦unfold vi.展开，暴露
⑧boyhood/'b h d/n.(男性的)童年时期，少年时代
⑨single minded adj.专心的
⑩ambition/ m'b ( )n/n.追求，理想
trainee/ tre 'ni /n．接受工作培训的人；实习生
correspondent/ k r 'sp nd nt/n.通讯员，记者
bullfighting /'b lfa t /n.斗牛
epic adj.英雄的；史诗般的
the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction普利策小说奖
by contrast相比之下；相对照
originally adv.最初；本来
historical/h 'st r k( )/adj.(有关)历史的
detective/d 'tekt v/n.私家侦探
[教材原文]
Facing the Future
For many of us, it's something we already have experienced. One moment, we are lying comfortably in bed, about to fall into a deep sleep. The next, our eyes are open and we_find_ourselves_wondering_or_even_worrying_about_possibly_the_most_important_issue_of_our_lives—the_future[1]. Will we get into the school of our choice What will we be doing in ten years' time？Can we become the person we really want to be In the face of① such questions, how should we approach the future Can we take action② to shape it, or should we just accept whatever_comes_our_way[2]
[1]句中wondering or even worrying about...为现在分词作宾语补足语。
[2]whatever引导宾语从句。
As many of us already know, having_plans_in_place_for_the_future_is_no_guarantee③_that_they_will_become_reality[3]. In this respect④， some people are more fortunate⑤ than others, as can be illustrated⑥ by comparing the lives of two famous authors, _born_40_years_apart[4].Although_they_shared_the_same_ambitious_and_energetic_approach_to_life[5], their careers unfolded⑦ in contrasting ways.
[3]句中动名词短语作主语。that引导同位语从句，作名词guarantee的同位语。
[4]过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词authors。
[5]Although引导让步状语从句。
　The American author, Ernest Hemingway, born in 1899, was from early boyhood⑧ single minded⑨ in his ambition⑩ to write. On_leaving_high_school[6], he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter. He went on to become foreign correspondent for the Toronto Star and used his extraordinary experiences in Europe and later Cuba to inform his writing. In his words, “I decided that I would write one story about each thing that I knew about.” Having_set_himself_this_goal,_he_wrote_novels_and_short_stories_based_on_his_personal_experiences_of_the_First_World_War,_the_Spanish_Civil_War,_bullfighting _and_deep sea_fishing[7], amongst others. His novel The Old Man and the Sea, about the three day epic struggle between an elderly fisherman and the_biggest_fish_he_had_ever_caught[8], won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953. He would later go on to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.
[6]On leaving high school 为on doing...句型，表示“一……就……”。
[7]Having set himself this goal为现在分词短语作状语。现在分词的完成时态表示该分词短语的动作先于谓语动词发生。based on...为过去分词短语作定语。
[8]该句为省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词fish。由于fish前有形容词最高级形式，故只能用关系词that引导，但在从句中作动词caught的宾语，可以省略。
　　By contrast ， the young Arthur Conan Doyle, born in Scotland in 1859, had originally worked as a doctor. But Doyle's main ambition was to_become_a_writer_of_historical _novels[9]. Although_some_of_his_historical_novels_were_published,_their_success_was_nothing_compared_to_the_stories_of_his_fictional_detective ，_Sherlock_Holmes,_which_he_is_still_best_known_for_to_this_day[10].
[9]动词不定式短语作表语。
[10]Although引导让步状语从句。过去分词短语作状语。关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the stories。
[课文译文]
面向未来
对于我们中的许多人来说，这是我们已经经历过的事情。一会儿，我们舒服地躺在床上，即将陷入沉睡。接下来，我们的眼睛是睁着的，我们发现我们自己在想，甚至担心我们生活中或许最重要的问题——未来。我们会进入我们选择的学校吗？十年后我们将做什么？我们能成为我们真正想要成为的人吗？面对这样的问题，我们应该如何对待未来？我们能够采取行动来塑造它，还是应该接受我们遇到的一切？
正如我们中的许多人已经知道的那样，为未来制订适当的计划并不能保证它们会成为现实。在这一方面，有些人比其他人更幸运，这可以通过比较两位出生相差40年的著名作家的生活来说明。尽管他们都以同样的追求不凡和充满活力的方式对待生活，但他们的事业却以截然不同的方式展开。
美国作家欧内斯特·海明威生于1899年，从少年时代起就一心一意地致力于写作。高中一毕业，他就加入了堪萨斯当地一家报社，成为一名见习记者。他后来成为《多伦多星报》的外国记者，并利用他在欧洲和后来在古巴的非凡经历为他的写作提供信息。用他的话说，“我决定写一篇关于我所知道的每一件事的故事。”在为自己设定了这个目标之后，他根据自己在第一次世界大战、西班牙内战、斗牛和深海捕鱼等方面的亲身经历创作了小说和短篇小说。他的短篇小说《老人与海》讲述了一位年迈的渔夫和他捕到的最大的一条鱼之间的三天史诗般的斗争，这部小说在1953年获得了普利策小说奖，后来他又获得了诺贝尔文学奖。
相比之下，年轻的阿瑟· 柯南·道尔于1859年出生在苏格兰，最初是一名医生。但道尔的主要理想是成为一名历史小说作家。虽然他的一些历史小说已经出版，但它们的成功与他至今仍最出名的侦探小说夏洛克·福尔摩斯的故事相比简直是小巫见大巫。
interestingly adv.有趣的是
household adj.家喻户晓的
devote oneself to...致力于；献身于
long v．渴望，盼望
in desperation绝望地； 不顾一切地
focus on 集中于
under immense pressure在巨大的压力下
entertain vt.娱乐；使欢乐
ultimately/' lt m tli/ adv.最后，最终
their paths to success他们的成功之路
not necessarily未必，不一定
turn out最终是，结果是
encounter vt.遇到
take a leaf out of...照着某人的做法去做，像某人一样做事
dot/d t/n.点，小圆点
backwards/'b kw dz/adv.往回，往前面
somehow adv.以某种方法，以某种方式, 　　
Interestingly ， Doyle wrote some of his early Holmes stories while_he_was_waiting_for_patients_in_his_medical_practice_in_London[11]. After Sherlock Holmes made him a household name, Doyle gave up medicine and devoted himself entirely to writing. He still longed to become known for his historical novels amongst other academic works. The public, however, couldn't get enough of Sherlock Holmes. In_desperation ，_Doyle_killed_off_the_famous_detective_in_a_novel
_published_in_1893_so_that_he_could_focus_on _his_“serious”_writing[12]. However,_fans_of_Holmes_were_so_angry_that_Doyle,_under_immense_pressure ，_was_forced_to_bring_Holmes_back_from_the_dead[13]. Doyle's many historical novels, plays, poems and academic papers have remained largely forgotten, but Sherlock Holmes has been entertaining readers for well over a century.
[11]while引导时间状语从句。
[12]句中published in 1893为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰a novel, so that引导目的状语从句。
[13]so... that...句型，意思为“如此……以至于……”，that从句为结果状语从句。　　 Though_both_of_these_men_were_ultimately _successful,_their_paths_to_success _were_very_different,_their_futures_not_necessarily _turning_out _exactly_as_they_planned[14]. So, whatever_twists_and_turns_you_might_encounter [15], take a leaf out of the books of these two authors and be prepared for the unexpected. As_renowned_tech_innovator_Steve_Jobs_once_said,_“You_can't_connect_the_dots _looking_forward[16]; you can only connect them looking backwards . So_you_have_to_trust_that_the_dots_will_somehow _connect_in_your_future[17].”
[14]句中Though引导让步状语从句。as引导方式状语从句。
[15]whatever引导让步状语从句。
[16]关系代词As引导非限制性定语从句。现在分词短语作状语。
[17]that引导宾语从句。　
　有趣的是，道尔在伦敦行医等候病人时就写了一些他早期的福尔摩斯故事。夏洛克·福尔摩斯让他家喻户晓后，道尔放弃了医学，全身心地投入到写作中。他仍然渴望在其他学术著作中，他是因历史小说而出名的。然而，公众却看不够夏洛克·福尔摩斯。处于绝望之中的道尔在1893年出版的一本小说中杀死了这位著名的侦探，这样他就可以专注于他的“严肃”写作了。然而，福尔摩斯的粉丝们非常愤怒，道尔在巨大的压力下，被迫让福尔摩斯起死回生。道尔的许多历史小说、戏剧、诗歌和学术论文在很大程度上被遗忘了，但福尔摩斯娱乐读者已经超过一个世纪了。
虽然这两个人最终都成功了，但他们的成功之路却大相径庭，他们的未来不一定完全如他们计划的那样。所以，无论你遇到什么挫折，像书中的这两位作家学习，对意想不到的事情做好准备。正如著名的科技革新者史蒂夫·乔布斯曾经说过的那样，“你不可能在展望未来的时候把点点滴滴串联起来；你只能在回顾的时候把它们联系起来。所以，你必须相信，这些点点滴滴会在你的未来以某种方式串联起来。”
要点精研·探究学习
1)ambition n．志向，抱负；追求，理想)
(教材原句)The American author, Ernest Hemingway, born in 1899, was from early boyhood single minded in his ambition to write.美国作家欧内斯特·海明威生于1899年，从少年时代起就一门心思写作。
When he was a young lawyer he was full of ambition.
他年轻时当律师，充满雄心壮志。
Great knowledge, experience and wisdom will help a man to achieve his ambition.广博的知识、丰富的经验和无穷的智慧对实现人的抱负大有裨益。
The company was created by two very ambitious young men in the early 1990s.
公司是由两个非常有抱负的年轻人在20世纪90年代初创立的。
be full of ambition 充满野心
achieve one's ambition 实现抱负
have an ambition to do sth. 有做……的野心
ambitious adj. 有抱负的；有野心的
[名师点津]
ambition作主语时，常用不定式作表语。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①It is easier for the students who are ________ (ambition) to succeed in their studies than those with little ambition.
②My ambition is ________ (become) a pilot after graduation.
完成句子
③没有什么可以阻止我实现我的抱负。
Nothing would stop me from ________________________．
2)correspondent n．通讯员，记者)
(教材原句)He went on to become foreign correspondent for the Toronto Star and used his extraordinary experiences in Europe and later Cuba to inform his writing.
他后来成为《多伦多星报》的外国记者，并利用他在欧洲和后来在古巴的非凡经历为自己的写作提供信息。
Your account of events corresponds with hers.
你说的情况跟她说的相符。
The working of this machine corresponds to that of the human brain.这种机器的作用就相当于人脑的作用。
I have been in correspondence with her for years.
多年来我一直同她有通信联系。
(1)correspond vi. 符合，一致；相应；通信
correspond to 相当于
correspond with 与……通信；与……相一致
(2)correspondence n. 通信；一致；相当
in correspondence with 和……一致；与……有通信联系
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Mum became the ________ (correspond) in our town, and sometimes she would write letters all day long.
②She stopped corresponding ________ him after the death of her mother.
③The written record of the conversation doesn't correspond ________ what was actually said.
完成句子
④他和她通信多年，最后终于见面了。
He had been ________________________________ her for several years before they finally met.
3)ultimately adv.最后，最终，根本上　ultimate adj.最终的，根本的)
(教材原句)Though both of these men were ultimately successful, their paths to success were very different...
虽然这两个人最终都成功了，但他们的成功之路却大相径庭……
Ultimately, you'll have to make the decision yourself.
最终你还是得自己拿主意。
All life depends ultimately on oxygen.
一切生命归根到底都要依赖氧气。
Our ultimate goal must be the preservation of the environment.
我们的最终目的必须是环境保护。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①A poor diet will ________ (ultimate) lead to illness.
②________ (ultimate), the success of the product depends on the good marketing.
完成句子
③________________ (最后的决定权) lies with the parents.
④It is not your talents or abilities, but your choices that ____________________ (最终决定你的命运).
4)in the face of 面对(问题、困难、危险等))
(教材原句)In the face of such questions, how should we approach the future
面对这样的问题，我们应该如何对待未来？
We should not lose heart in face of difficulties. If we work hard, we will find a way out.
面对困难，我们不应该灰心。如果我们努力工作，我们会找到出路的。
We are faced with a very difficult choice.
我们面临一项很艰难的抉择。
There are also unhappy smiles, such as when someone “loses face” and smiles to hide it.
还有不愉快的微笑，比如当某人“丢了面子”时就会用微笑来掩饰。
be faced with 面对，面临
lose face 丢脸，失面子
make faces/a face 做鬼脸
save face 保全面子
look sb. in the face 直视某人
face to face 面对面地
[即学即练]　完成句子
①________________ (面对) the difficulty in our learning process, we learned to encourage each other all the time.
②In order not to ______________ (丢脸), he spent the whole night preparing for the speech.
③Talking with friends ________________ (面对面地) is a good way to reduce the pressure from work and life.
④When you are chatting with one, please ______________ (直视他).
⑤When ________________ (face) so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.
5)take action 采取行动)
In the face of such a serious problem, the government should take action to solve it.
面对如此严重的问题，政府应该采取行动来解决它。
If you can really put the three points into action, you will surely be able to live a happy life.
如果你真能把这三点付诸行动，你肯定能过上幸福的生活。
take action/steps/measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事
in action 在活动，在运转
out of action 失灵，发生故障
put... into action 将……付诸实施
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Action must ________ (take) to deal with the urgency as soon as possible.
②Just press the button to see your favourite character ________ action.
③The new plan for traffic control is being put ________ action on an experimental basis.
完成句子
④Doing morning exercises is beneficial to your health, so you should ________ (采取行动) now.
⑤I have to have the report typed in a store, for my computer is ________ (出毛病).
6)come one's way意外地落在某人头上，偶尔发生在某人身上)
He took whatever came his way.
无论什么事落到他头上，他都认了。
Luck had come her way at the very last moment.
好运在最后时刻降临到她头上。
The hunter made his way to the wild.
猎人前往野外。
He felt his way in the darkness and found a motorbike was in the way.
他在黑暗中摸索着前进，发现一辆摩托车挡住了路。
lose one's way 迷路
make one's way 行进；逐步取得成功
make way for 给……让路
give way to 被……取代；向……让步
push one's way 挤过去
feel/wind one's way 摸索/蜿蜒前进
[特别提示]　在make one's way to, give way to中，to是介词。
[即学即练]　完成句子
①Several chances ______________ (偶尔发生在我们身上) but we missed them.
②A blanket of fog made it very difficult for soldiers to ________________ (前往) to the earthquake hit area.
③The storm ________________ (被……取代) bright sunshine.
④This should ________________ (决不) be seen as a defeat.
⑤They ________________ (迷路) in the forest. What's worse, it began to rain heavily.
7)devote oneself to献身于，致力于)
The old man you saw just now devotes himself to helping the poor.
你刚才看到的那位老人致力于帮助贫困的人。
He has been devoted to the cause of education for many years.
多年来，他一直致力于教育事业。
Some of the money they raised will be devoted to repairing the school's roof.
他们募集的一部分资金将用于修缮学校屋顶。
devote one's life/time/energy/money/attention to
把某人的生命/时间/精力/金钱/注意力奉献于……
be devoted to (doing) sth. 致力于(做)某事
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I don't think we should devote any more time ________ this question.
②She decided to devote herself to ________ (protect) the environment all through her life.
③________ (devote) to the cause of education for 30 years, she is highly respected by her students.
一句多译
④如果你不专心投入工作，就永远不会成功。
＝You will never gain success unless you __________ your work.
＝You will never gain success unless you __________ your work.
8)focus on/upon 专注于；集中注意力于……)
You should stop focusing on whom to blame and start focusing on how to improve the situation.
你应该开始关注如何改善局面，而不是去责怪谁。
We should focus our attention on what we have done.
我们应该把注意力放在我们已经做的事情上。
focus one's attention/energy/mind on/upon
集中注意力/精力/心思于
focused adj. 注意力集中的
[名师点津]　“全神贯注于/专心于”的表达：
concentrate on　　　　　　　　　　pay attention to
focus/fix one's mind/attention on put one's heart into
be buried/lost/absorbed in devote oneself to
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Do the opposite. Focus ________ the speaking.
②We've been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us deeply ________ (focus) on their smartphones, or worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.
9)turn out结果是；证明是；出席，在场；制造；生产)
(教材原句)Though both of these men were ultimately successful, their paths to success were very different, their futures not necessarily turning out exactly as they planned.
虽然这两个人最终都完全成功了，但他们的成功之路却大相径庭，他们的未来并不一定完全如他们计划的那样。
Thousands of people turned out to welcome the world champion.
数千人出来欢迎那位世界冠军。
Plans have been made to turn out more products of higher quality.
已制订计划以生产更多高质量的产品。
turn down 拒绝；调小
turn up 露面；突然出现；开大
turn off/on 关掉/打开
turn to 求助于；致力于
turn (...) into (使……)变成
turn over 翻页；移交；使翻转
[即学即练]　用适当的介词、副词填空
This morning, my grandmother turned ①________ the radio to listen to the news as usual. She felt she could not hear clearly. So she turned it ②________． But it was no use. She had to turn ③________ my father for help. I saw my father turned ④________ the radio and turned it ⑤________ to see what was wrong. It turned ⑥________ that the button did not work any more. My father repaired it and told my grandmother to turn ⑦________ the radio, for the neighbor's little baby was asleep at the time.
10)(教材原句)．..we find ourselves wondering or even worrying about possibly the most important issue of our lives—the future.……我们发现自己在想，甚至担心我们生活中或许最重要的问题——未来。)
[句式解构]　find＋宾语＋宾补
“find＋宾语＋宾补”表示“发现……处于某种状态/在做某事”，充当宾补的可以是现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词、介词短语等。
I found him watching TV in his room secretly.
我发现他在房间偷偷看电视。
When he returned from business, he found his house broken into.
他出差回来时，他发现他家被人闯入了。
[特别提示]　(1)不定式作find的宾语时，常用it作形式宾语，宾补之后，构成“find＋it(形式宾语)＋宾补＋不定式(真正的宾语)”结构，该结构可转换为“find＋宾语从句”
The trainee found it hard to adapt to the new environment.
＝The trainee found that it is hard to adapt to the new environment.
这个实习生觉得很难适应新环境。
(2)若“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构变为被动形式，则原来的宾语变成主语，宾补变成主补。
He was found seated in front of the TV set.
他被发现坐在电视机前面。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I find the life in the countryside ________ (peace).
②He returned to the airport only to find his car alarm ________ (go) off.
③The little boy was very pleased to find the bottle ________ (fill) with water.
④I find it hard not ________ (suffer) from pressure at work.
⑤He was found ________ (cheat) in the final examination.
11)（教材原句）On leaving high school， he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter.,高中一毕业，他就加入了堪萨斯当地一家报社，成为一名见习记者
[句式解构]　
(1)“on/upon＋n./v. ing”是介词短语，表示“一……就……”，作时间状语。
On arriving at the tea house, the foreign students were impressed by the unique tea pots and tea cups.
一到茶馆，独特的茶壶和茶杯就给这些外国学生留下了深刻印象。
在该类句式中，当hardly, scarcely, no sooner位于句首时，主句用部分倒装结构，从句不用倒装
(2)as soon as(引导时间状语从句)
She cut out the article from the newspaper as soon as/immediately/the moment she saw it.
她在报纸上一看到这篇文章就剪了下来。
No sooner had Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.
莫言一登台，观众就发出了雷鸣般的掌声。
[特别提示]　“一……就……”的其他表达：
at the sight/sound of...一看见/听见……
the moment/minute/instant/second(名词用作连词)＋句子
immediately/instantly/directly(副词用作连词)＋句子
hardly/scarcely...when...
no sooner...than...
[语境助记]　She had requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her death．
她要求社区等她一去世就把它变成一个博物馆。
[即学即练]　一句多译
他大学一毕业就投入到教育事业。
①________________ from college, he devoted himself to the cause of education.
②He devoted himself to the cause of education ________________ he graduated from college.
③He devoted himself to the cause of education ________________ he graduated from college.
④He devoted himself to the cause of education ________________ he graduated from college.
⑤________________ had he graduated from college ________ he devoted himself to the cause of education.
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．During his ________ (少年时期), his ambition is to become a brilliant pilot just as his neighbour.
2．The trainee has become a teacher and is about to realize his lifelong ________ (理想).
3．Since his boyhood, there have been many great and ________ (历史的) changes that took place in his hometown.
4．The things the detective thought about and focused on ________ (最后) shaped who he became.
5．On noticing the terrible scene, the boy stepped ________ (向后地) and then leant forwards to see the bullfighting more clearly.
6．Having worked as a ________ (实习生) doctor in the local hospital for one year, he went on seeking after his long term ambition.
7．The ________ (侦探) took action to find some new clues to the case.
8．You can't connect the ________ (点) looking forwards; you can only connect them looking backwards.
9．The ________ (记者) for this newspaper conveyed some important messages about the history.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The role, who wanted to become a bullfighter in the movie Bullfighting was ________ (ambition).
2．On ________ (reach) the top of the hill, Tess paused and looked for a long time at the historical site.
3．The lecturer ultimately inspired us to be devoted to ________ (research).
4．The boy said he longed ________ (go) backwards to the past.
5．The main character of the detective novel was killed ________ at the end of the second series.
6．When you're unable to concentrate, you can't think clearly, focus ________ a task, or achieve your ambition.
7．The couple's plan to separate themselves from the royal family will be ________ (ultimate) unsuccessful, U．K. media correspondent Neil Sean said Tuesday.
8．If you're interviewed for a management trainee job, you will be ________ (face) with some questions that focus on your ability to lead groups, delegate tasks, and perform other management duties.
9．The company's promise is ________ (take) action on the committee's recommendations immediately.
10．Just a few days after the signs went up, he found people ________ (sit) there and engaging in active and joyful conversations.
Unit 1　Looking forwards
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
课前预习·自主学习
词汇预习·夯实基础
Ⅰ.词义匹配
1．B　2.A　3.E　4.C　5.D
Ⅱ.拓展词汇知变形
1．ambition　2.correspondent　3.historical　4.detective　5.ultimately
Ⅲ.补全短语
1．take　2.in　3.in　4.on　5.by　6.to　7.to　8.on　
9．under　10.turn
预习验收·衔接课堂
Ⅰ.单词默写
1．ambition　2.detective　3.correspondent　4.ultimately　5.historical
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．focuses on　2.so that　3.turns out　4.based on　5.take action　6.devoted herself to　7.in the face of　8.in this respect　9.by contrast　10.under pressure
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．As many of us already know
2．the same ambitious and energetic approach to life
3．On leaving high school
4．whatever twists and turns you might encounter; be prepared for the unexpected
5．looking forward; looking backwards
课文自测·强化理解
Ⅰ.课文解构(挑战创新题)
1．the future　2.no guarantee　3.a writer　4.main ambition
5．Doyle's disappointment　6.twists and turns
Ⅱ.长难句分析
1．在这一方面，有些人比其他人更幸运，这可以通过比较两位出生相差40年的著名作家的生活来说明。
2．在为自己设定了这个目标之后，他根据自己在第一次世界大战、西班牙内战、斗牛和深海捕鱼等方面的亲身经历创作了小说和短篇小说。
3．虽然他的一些历史小说已经出版，但它们的成功与他至今仍最出名的侦探小说夏洛克·福尔摩斯的故事相比简直是小巫见大巫。
4．虽然这两个人最终都成功了，但他们的成功之路却大相径庭，他们的未来不一定完全如他们计划的那样。
Ⅲ.表格填空
1．important　2.taking action　3.in place　4.which/as　
5．born　6.ambition　7.to inform　8.By contrast　
9．Compared to　10.Whatever
Ⅳ.根据课文内容选择正确答案
1．C　2.D　3.A　4.C　5.C
Ⅴ.选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息
1．B　2.D　3.A　4.C
要点精研·探究学习
1．①ambitious　②to become　③achieving my ambition
2．①correspondent　②with　③to　④in correspondence with
3．①ultimately　②Ultimately　③The ultimate decision　④ultimately decide your fate
4．①In the face of/Faced with　②lose face　③face to face　④look him in the face　⑤facing
5．①be taken　②in　③into　④take action　⑤out of action
6．①came our way　②make their way　③gave way to　④in no way　⑤lost their way
7．①to　②protecting　③Devoted　④devote yourself to; are devoted to
8．①on　②focused
9．①on　②up　③to　④off　⑤over　⑥out　⑦down
10．①peaceful　②going　③filled　④to suffer　⑤cheating
11．①On/Upon graduating　②as soon as　③the moment/the minute/the second/the instant　④immediately/directly/instantly　⑤No sooner; than
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．boyhood　2.ambition　3.historical　4.ultimately　5.backwards　6.trainee　7.detective　8.dots　9.correspondent
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．ambitious　2.reaching　3.researching　4.to go　5.off　6.on　7.ultimately　8.faced　9.to take　10.sittingSection Ⅲ　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　课前预习·自主学习
词汇预习·夯实基础
Ⅰ.认知词汇知其意
1．complex adj. ____________
2．diverge v. ____________
3．undergrowth n. ____________
4．numerous adj. ____________
5．dilemma n. ____________
6．circumstance n. ____________
7．affection n. ____________
8．shift n. ____________
Ⅱ.拓展词汇知变形
1．commerce n．贸易；商业，商务→________ adj. & n．商业的；靠广告收入的；(电视或电台的)商业广告
2．think v．想，认为，思考→thought n．思考；思想；想法→________ adj.认真思考的，深思的
3．alter v．更改；改变→________ n．可供选择的事物
4．qualify v．取得资格；有资格→________ adj.合格的，胜任的→qualification n．资格；条件
5．fluent adj.流利的，流畅的→fluently adv.流利地→________ n．熟练，流利
6．admit v．承认；准许进入；容许→________ n．允许进入(加入)；承认；入场费；录用
7．participate vi.参与，参加；分享→________ n．参加，参与
8．mix v．(使)混合；配制→________ n．混合；混合体
9．sincere adj.真诚的；真挚的→________ adv.由衷地，真诚地，真心实意地
10．refresh v．恢复精神；喝饮料，吃点心；补充营养→________ n．茶点，点心和饮料
Ⅲ.短语互译
1．________________ 做出决定，拿定主意
2．________________ (对原先的决定)犹豫，产生怀疑
3．________________ 推迟……，使……延期
4．________________ pass up
5．________________ reject... out of hand
6．________________ weigh up
预习验收·衔接课堂
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．This project involves a lot of ________ (复杂的) technical problems.
2．The company has indeed become more ________ (商业的) over the past decade.
3．Children need lots of love and ________ (关怀).
4．________ (熟练) in French is required for this job.
5．Emotional or mental problems can ________ (引起) from a physical cause.
6．She failed to gain ________ (允许进入) to the university of her choice.
7．I ________ (真诚地) believe that this is the right decision.
8．The night ________ (当班时间) has just come off duty.
9．All in all, we believed that she was a ________ (合格的) teacher.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．This may cause a person to have second ________ (think) about the purchase.
2．She is never completely ________ (sincere) in what she says about people.
3．She studied eight foreign languages but is ________ (fluency) in only six of them.
4．The traffic accident yesterday ________ (arise) from his carelessness.
5．A back injury prevented active ________ (participate) in any sports for a while.
6．It was very thoughtful of you ________ (send) the flowers.
7．We often find ourselves involved ________ a dilemma.
8．She's extremely well ________ (qualify) for the job.
Ⅲ.短语填空
have second thoughts, put off, on a daily basis, range from... to, arise from, result in, turn down, make the most of
1．You only have one ride through life, so ________________ it and enjoy it.
2．Women who ________________ having a baby often make the best mothers.
3．The job which is paid ________________ is suitable for me.
4．Accommodation ________ tourist class ________ first class.
5．These policies ________________many elderly people suffering hardship.
6．Are there any matters ________________ the minutes of the last meeting
7．Do you ________________ about coming back next year
8．Do you think I should ________________ his offer
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．我很遗憾错过了一个这么好的学习机会。(it作形式主语)
________________ such a good chance/opportunity to learn.
2．要是她忘记带来，会怎么样呢？(what if...)
________________ to bring it
3．宾客中包括来自世界各地的专家。(介词短语置于句首)
________________ the experts coming from all over the world.
4．最终这个点子是好还是坏，我们会搞清楚的。(whether... or...)
__________________________， we'll find out.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　阅读研析·合作学习
Ⅰ.框架建构：整体理解
Part 1：(Para.1) The ________ of the poem.
Part 2：(Paras. 2－4) The ________ and interpretation of the poem.
Part 3：(Para.5) How should we face our future
Ⅱ.文本剖析：细节探究
Choose the best answer.
1．From the first paragraph, we can conclude that ________．
A.the poem is famous because it describes the beauty of nature
B．the poem is very popular with people
C．the poem has close connection with commercials
D．the poem is the most famous American poem of all time
2．What can't we infer from the passage
A．The poem is a very noted American poem.
B．There are many choices around us.
C．Once we make a decision, it is impossible to go back.
D．We shouldn't look back with regret.
3．According to the passage, what attitude should we have in the face of future
A．Optimistic. B．Pessimistic.
C．Indifferent. D．Cautious.
4．What does “it” mean in the sentence “... it can also lead to new adventures and experiences.” (Para.5)
A．A more unusual path.
B．A new understanding of the poem.
C．Another understanding of life.
D．A way of making decisions.
5．What is the main idea of this passage
A．Face the future without regret.
B．A famous poem.
C．How to make a choice.
D．How to enjoy a poem.
Ⅲ.重点句式补全
1．我认为不参加考试就放弃录取的机会会非常遗憾。
I think ____________________ the opportunity to be admitted without taking the exam.
2．但如果我考得不够好，进不了医学院怎么办？
But ____________ I don't do well enough in the exam to get into Medical School
3．弗罗斯特最著名的诗歌有《未选择的路》、《火与冰》、《雪夜林边小驻》和《白桦树》。
____________________ The Road Not Taken, Fire and Ice, Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening and Birches.
4．虽然这首诗的作者考虑改天走另一条路，但是他知道，他不可能有机会这样做。
Although the writer of the poem considers taking the other path another day, he known ____________________ he will ever have the opportunity to do so.
原文研读·立体透析
[词汇积累]
①diverge/da 'v d /v．(两条路)岔开，分开
②undergrowth/' nd ɡr θ/ n．(长在大树下或周边的)下木层，下层灌木丛
③quote v．引述，引用
④a number of 许多，若干
⑤numerous/'nju m( )r s/adj.许多的，很多的
⑥commercial/k 'm ( )l/n.(电视或电台的)商业广告
⑦thoughtful/'θ tf( )l/ adj.认真思考的，深思的
⑧cannot help but do...不得不做
⑨symbolize/'s mb la z/v．象征，代表
⑩representationn．呈现；表示法
alternative/ l't n t v/n.可供选择的事物
on a daily basis每天
dilemma/d 'lem / n．进退两难的境地，困境
arise/ 'ra z/v．(由……)引起
arise from由……引起，起因于
result in导致，结果是
have... in common 与……有共同点，有相似之处
specific adj.详细的，具体的，明确的
circumstance /'s k mst ns/ n.情况，情形
[教材原文]
The Road Not Taken
Two roads diverged① in a yellow wood，And sorry I could not travel both
And be one traveler, long I stoodAnd looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth②；Then took the other, as just as fair，
And having perhaps the better claim，Because it was grassy and wanted wear；
Though as for that, the passing thereHad worn them really about the same，
And both that morning equally layIn leaves no step had trodden black.
Oh, I kept the first for another day!Yet knowing how way leads on to way，
I doubted if I should ever come back.
I shall be telling this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages hence：
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I —I took the one less traveled by，
And that has made all the difference.
Lines from the poem The Road Not Taken are often quoted③ in speeches of all kinds. The poem has been set to music by a number of④ artists and used in numerous⑤ television commercials⑥. It has in fact become one of the most famous American poems of all time, not_only_because_of_its_natural_style,_but_also_because_of_its_thoughtful⑦_insights_into_human_nature [1].
[1]not only...but also...不但……而且……
When_reading_The_Road_Not_Taken [2], one cannot help but see⑧ in one's mind images of a peaceful wood deep within the countryside. Paths in the woods are often used to symbolize⑨ how our lives progress and change. The lines “Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, /And sorry I could not travel both” give us a visual representation⑩ of the choices that_we_face_and_the_decisions_that_we_need_to_make [3]. Life throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis . These range from the basic “What should I wear today？” to the key issues of what subject to study at university or what job to do after graduation. Of course, the greatest dilemmas arise from moral problems, when_we_are_uncertain_which_choice_results_in _doing_the_right_thing [4].
[2]When doing...省略句。
[3]and连接两个并列的定语从句，第一个that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词choices；第二个that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词decisions。
[4]when引导时间状语从句；其中，which引导宾语从句。
Whether_big_or_small,_what_all_our_choices_have_in_common _is_that_they_lead_to_specific _consequences [5]. Once_we_make_a_decision [6], in most circumstances ， there is no going back. Although_the_writer_of_the_poem_considers_taking_the_other_path_another_day,_he_knows_it's_unlikely_that_he_will_ever_have_the_opportunity_to_do_so [7]. Like the writer, all we can do is look backwards “with a sigh” and imagine what_could_have_been [8].
[5]Whether...or...无论……还是……，省略句；what引导主语从句；that引导表语从句。
[6]Once引导时间状语从句，表示“一旦……就……”。
[7]Although引导让步状语从句；that引导主语从句，it作形式主语。
[8]what引导宾语从句。
[课文译文]
未选择的路
黄色的树林里分出两条路，
可惜我不能同时去涉足，
我在那路口久久伫立，
我向着一条路极目望去，
直到它消失在丛林深处。
但我选了另外一条路，
它荒草萋萋，十分幽寂，
显得更诱人，更美丽；
虽然在这条小路上，
很少留下旅人的足迹。
那天清晨落叶满地，
两条路都未经脚印污染。
啊，留下一条路等改日再见！
但我知道路径延绵无尽头，
恐怕我难以再回返。
也许多少年后在某个地方，
我将轻声叹息将往事回顾：
一片树林里分出两条路——
而我选择了人迹更少的一条，
从此决定了我一生的道路。
诗歌《未选择的路》中的诗句在各种演讲中经常被引用。这首诗被许多艺术家改编为音乐，并在许多电视商业广告中使用。事实上，它已成为美国有史以来最著名的诗歌之一，这不仅因为它的自然风格，还因为它对人性的细致观察。
当读《未选择的路》时，人们的脑海中不禁浮现出乡村深处一片宁静的树林。树林里的小路经常被用来象征我们的生活如何进步和变化。这两行“黄色的树林里分出两条路，可惜我不能同时去涉足”，直观地表达了我们面临的选择和我们需要做出的决定。生活每天给我们提供许多选择，从最基本的“我今天应该穿什么”到大学学习什么科目或毕业后做什么工作等诸多关键问题。当然，当我们不确定哪个选择会引导我们做正确的事情时，最大的困境来自道德问题。
无论大小，我们的所有选择都有一个共同点，即它们都会有具体的结果。一旦我们做出决定，在大多数情况下，就不会再回头了。虽然这首诗的作者考虑改天走另一条路，但是他知道，他不太可能有机会这样做。和作者一样，我们所能做的就是往后看时会叹息，并想象本来可以发生的事情而已。
understandable adj.可以理解的
for instance例如
unknowingly adv.不知不觉地
turn down拒绝
mixture/'m kst /n.混合；混合体
while conj.然而
nonetheless adv.尽管如此，但是
make the most of充分利用
instead of代替；而不是
optimism n．乐观；乐观主义
This sigh, this wondering whether we made the right choice, is understandable . Although we may be free to choose which_path_to_take [9], this choice isn't easy when_those_two_paths_look_similar [10]. Presented with two job offers, for instance ， we may wonder exactly what_it_is_we're_choosing_between [11]. What_if,_in_choosing_one,_we_are_unknowingly
_turning_down _other_future_opportunities [12] Will we ever even find out whether_we_made_the_right_choice [13]
[9]wh-疑问词＋to do，作choose的宾语。
[10]when引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”。
[11]what引导宾语从句。
[12]What if...？表示“假如……会怎么样？”
[13]whether引导宾语从句。
Ultimately, the road ahead—the road through our lives—is a mixture of choice and chance. And when we are approaching the end of that road, how will we remember the journey How will we look back on our lives In the poem, the writer doubts his choice, thinking_that_in_the_future_“ages_and_ages_hence”[14], he may claim that he took the “less traveled” road. Some_of_us_do_take_a_more_unusual_path_through_life [15], and while it may be a harder one to follow, it can also lead to new adventures and experiences. Nonetheless ， part of the art of decision-making is learning to make the most of our decisions. Instead of looking back with regret, we should be facing our future with energy and optimism , for_the_choices_are_ours,_and_ours_only [16].
[14]现在分词短语作状语。
[15]强调句，强调谓语动词用“do/does/did＋动词原形”。
[16]连词for引导并列句，意为“因为”。,　　这叹息是可以理解的，它是想知道我们是否做出了正确的选择。尽管我们可以自由选择走哪条路，但当这两条路看起来很相似时，这个选择就不容易了。例如，当我们面对两份工作机会时，我们可能会想，我们究竟该选择两份工作中的哪一份呢。如果在选择一条道路时不知不觉地拒绝了其他未来的机会怎么办呢？我们能不能弄清楚我们是否做出了正确的选择？
最终，前方的道路是选择和机遇的混合体，它贯穿我们的一生。当我们接近那条路的尽头时，我们又将如何记住这段旅程呢？我们如何回顾我们的生活？在诗歌中，作者怀疑自己的选择，认为在未来“多少年后”，他可能会声称他走的是“很少人走”的道路。我们中一些人在生活中确实走了一条更不寻常的道路，虽然它可能是一条更难走的道路，但它也可以带来新的冒险和体验。然而，决策的艺术其中一部分是学会充分利用我们的决定。我们不应该遗憾地回顾过去，而应该以活力和乐观来面对未来，因为选择是我们的，而且只有我们自己的选择。
要点精研·探究学习
1)complex adj.复杂的)
(教材原句)He often used simple settings in his poems to explore complex personal and social themes.
他经常在诗歌中使用简单的背景来探索复杂的个人和社会主题。
Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types.
许多参观者对复杂的建筑空间和丰富的建筑类型感到惊讶。
The world is more complex than it seems.世界比看起来更加复杂。
a complex problem/subject 复杂难懂的问题/科目
a complex system of highways 复杂的公路网
the complex structure of the human brain
错综复杂的人脑构造
[单词积累]
complexity n．复杂性
近义词：complicated adj.复杂的，难懂的
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Only then did he understand the full ________ (complex) of the problem.
完成句子
②The ________________ (复杂的关系) among them made me amazed.
2)symbolize v．象征，是……的象征；代表)
(教材原句)Paths in the woods are often used to symbolize how our lives progress and change.
树林里的小路经常被用来象征我们的生活如何进步和变化。
The use of light and dark symbolizes good and evil.
用光明与黑暗来象征善与恶。
He came to symbolize his country's struggle for independence.
他逐渐成为祖国为争取独立而斗争的象征。
symbolize good and evil 象征善与恶
symbolize his country's struggle for independence
成为祖国为争取独立而斗争的象征
[单词积累]
symbol n．象征，标志，符号，记号
symbolism n．象征主义
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①What does this strange mark ________ (symbol).
②The fall of the Berlin Wall (柏林墙) ________ (symbolize) the end of the Cold War between East and West.
3)alternative n. & adj.可供选择的事物；可替代的，另外的，两者择一的)
(教材原句)Life throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis.
生活每天给我们提供许多选择。
I had no alternative but to report him to the police.
除了向警方举报他，我别无选择。
You can see changes in their life that are connected to their alternative break experiences.
你可以看到他们生活中的变化与他们选择的休息经历有关。
He had no choice but to leave.除了离去，他别无选择。
(1)have no alternative but to do sth.
＝have no choice but to do sth. 除了做某事之外别无选择
an alternative to... ……的替代品
(2)alternative energy 替代能源
alternative ways/methods 可供选择的方法
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Like my friend, I now have an alternative ________________ complaining.
②If we expect people to give up the habit of driving, we must give them an ________________ (alternate) they can rely on.
句型转换
③Lacking money, I have no choice but to give up the plan.
→Lacking money, I ________________________ but to give up the plan.
→Lacking money, I can do nothing but ____________ the plan.
4)arise v. (由……)引起，出现，发生)
(教材原句)Of course, the greatest dilemmas arise from moral problems, when we are uncertain which choice results in doing the right thing.当然，当我们不确定哪个选择会引导我们做正确的事情时，最大的困境来自道德问题。
As we all know, most car accidents arise out of carelessness.
＝As we all know, most car accidents arise/result from carelessness.
众所周知，大部分交通事故是由粗心大意引起的。
arise from/out of＝result from　　　　　因……引起
[一词多义]　arise：起床；起身；出现　arise→arose→arisen
[对比记忆]
原形 过去式 过去分词 词义
arise arose arisen (由……)引起；出现，发生
rise rose risen 升起；上涨
raise raised raised 举起；提高
arouse aroused aroused 唤醒；引起
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He recognized that most of his mistakes arose ________ his nervousness in the exam.
②A number of high buildings ________ (arise) where there was nothing a year ago but ruins.
5)circumstance n．情况，情形(一般用复数))
(教材原句)Once we make a decision, in most circumstances, there is no going back.
一旦我们做出决定，在大多数情况下，就不会再回头了。
They can change according to circumstances.
他们可以根据情况改变。
Your personal circumstances are equally important.
你的个人情况也同样重要。
Under the circumstances, it seemed better not to tell him about the accident.
在这种情况下，不告诉他有关这次事故的情况似乎更好。
In no circumstances must you forget to lock the door.
在任何情况下你都不能忘记锁门。
under/in the circumstances 在这种情况下
under/in no circumstances 决不/无论如何都不
[名师点津]　under/in no circumstances是表示否定意义的介词短语，位于句首时句子要用部分倒装，即将助动词、情态动词或连系动词be提到主语之前。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①________ no circumstances will I make an apology to him.
②________ the circumstances, his carelessness can result in serious accidents.
③We can't take measures until we've known all the ________ (circumstance).
完成句子
④It's the best result that could be expected ______________________ (在这种情况下).
⑤______________________________ (我绝不会) participate in such kind of activities.
6)affection n．喜爱，钟爱　affect v．使感动，影响　effect n．影响，后果)
The little boy has a great affection for detective novels.
这个小男孩非常喜欢侦探小说。
The trainee correspondent looked back on those days with affection.这位见习记者深情地回顾那些日子。
The crisis had a negative effect on trade.
这次危机对贸易产生了很坏的影响。
have a great affection for 非常喜爱……
show sb. affection 向某人表示喜爱
with affection 深情地
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I have no idea why he has such a great ________ (affect) for New York.
②She still speaks about him ________ great affection.
③Children need lots of love and ________ (affect).
完成句子
④He ________________ (非常喜爱) this area where there are adequate natural resources.
⑤She envied our family atmosphere where our parents ________________ (对我们很慈爱).
7)thoughtful adj.认真思考的，深思的；体贴的)
a thoughtful look若有所思的神情
They sat in thoughtful silence.他们坐着，沉思不语。
It was very thoughtful of you to send the flowers.
你送花来，想得真周到。
Thank you for your constant care of my mother and your thoughtfulness.
感谢一直以来你们对我母亲的照顾，以及对我的关心。
It is thoughtful of sb. to do sth.　　某人做某事是体贴的
[单词积累]　thought n．想法，思考，思维
thoughtfully adv.深思地，体贴地
thoughtfulness n．深思，体贴
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①My first impression of him was that he was a kind and ________ (thought) young man.
②Clearly and ________ (thought) written, the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.
③I wrote him a letter to express my appreciation of his ________ (thoughtful).
④It is thoughtful of you ________ (help) me deal with such a complex problem.
8)on a daily basis每天)
On a daily basis she reminds me that life goes on.
她每天都提醒我，生活还要继续。
He arrived at the conclusion on the basis of the experiment data.他是根据实验数据得出这个结论的。
What are you basing this theory on
你这种理论的根据是什么？
on a regular/weekly basis 定期/每周
on the basis of 在……的基础上，根据……
base... on/upon... 把……建立在……基础上
be based on 以……为基础/根据
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①There are so many things to remember ________ a daily basis.
②The cafeteria charges customers ________ an hourly basis for the service.
完成句子
③His decision was made ________________ (在……的基础上) incorrect information.
④The film ______________ (以……为根据) a short story by Thomas Mann.
9)result in导致，造成)
The cyclone has resulted in many thousands of deaths.
气旋已经造成了成千上万的人死亡。
Icy conditions resulted in two roads being closed.
路面结冰，导致两条公路被封闭。
Hard work results in success.努力终会成功。
＝Success results from hard work.成功来自努力。
[即学即练]　选词填空(result in/result from/as a result/as a result of)
①________ her excellent performance, she got her ambition achieved.
②The situation is so complex. ________， he turned to his father for help.
③This decision could ________________ serious consequences.
④The accident that ________ the death of two passengers ________ careless driving.
10)(教材原句)Like the writer, all we can do is look backwards “with a sigh” and imagine what could have been.和作者一样，我们所能做的就是往后看时会叹息，并想象本来可以发生的事情而已。)
[句式解构]　
look和imagine都是省略to的不定式短语作表语；what引导宾语从句，作imagine的宾语。
不带to的不定式作表语：
不定式作表语时，不定式符号to通常保留。但当what引导的名词性从句作主语或all，everything等后接定语从句作主语，且从句谓语部分含有实义动词do的某种形式时，作表语的不定式常可省略to。
What I want to do is buy a pair of boots.
我想做的是买一双靴子。
All we can do is educate the students well.
我们所能做的就是把学生教育好。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①All we need to do is ________ (press) the red button.
②What he did to the matter was ________ (keep) silent.
③The first thing I do every morning is ________ (take) plenty of exercise.
完成句子
④What we must do now is ________________ (找另一个人来帮助我们).
⑤All he could do then was ____________________ (向老师求助).
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．You are imposing historical analysis on an economy whose growth is actually highly ________ (复杂的).
2．The American Aging Association Trainee Chapter offers ________ (许多的) benefits to learners at all levels.
3．The team advises us to provide sufficient time for ________ (令人深思的) participation in the research.
4．If you are denied admission to Sichuan University, you may use an ________ (可供选择的事物) pathway towards acceptance.
5．The ________ (进退两难的境地) demonstrates how ambition often leads to success.
6．Stanley Miller set out to use a combination of simple organic molecules, heat and periodic burst of electricity through the ________ (混合物), ultimately producing this kind of molecules.
7．A few questions have ________ (引起) in the correspondent's brain after he heard it.
8．________ (象征主义) is always an eternal and controversial topic in the detective novel.
9．BBC correspondent says Microsoft reckons Skype's popularity will provide new ________ (商业的) opportunities, even though most of its services are free.
10．He ultimately realized that no one can be a good teacher unless he has great ________ (喜爱) towards his students.
11．After graduation from the program, the trainee will be ________ (合格的) to join in and take charge in the respective specialty stores in Beijing and other cities.
12．It was thoughtful of you to promise to see after the children when I was on the night ________ (当班时间).
13．Although the ________ (情况) were very terrible, we still made up our mind to take action to improve it.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Ultimately it will be the only real, immediate alternative ________ petrol.
2．In this circumstance, the architect adds value by analyzing the impact and ________ (complex) of the requirements.
3．Numerous yellow leaves of autumn flutter and fall there ________ a sigh.
4．He hoped the company ultimately to ________ (commercial) his unique ideas.
5．In a big department store, there are ________ (number) departments selling different kinds of refreshments.
6．This course will provide the students new ________ (insight) into the complex activities involved in management science, sociology, psychology, and many other areas.
7.I sincerely thank your ________ (thought) arrangements for my birthday party.
8．Many of our beliefs come from our circumstance, the world we live in on a daily ________ (base).
9．She was ________ a dilemma as to whether to put off the travel plan.
10．I am sincerely thankful for having the opportunity ________ (live) with my parents, which not every young American has.
11．Being aware of your circumstances all the time is a good idea not just for the memory training, but for your ________ (participate) in life.
12．The complex conflicts and ________ (mixture) can be perceived between Jewish traditional culture they load and American culture.
13．He didn't realize his speech would ________ (symbolism) power, nobility, luxury, and ambition.
14．The dog has shifted its ________ (affect) to its new master.
15．It is very possible to take control of your thoughts and make them work for your circumstances as opposed to ________ (work) against them.
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
课前预习·自主学习
词汇预习·夯实基础
Ⅰ.认知词汇知其意
1．复杂的　2.(两条路)岔开，分开　3.(长在大树下或周边的)下木层，下层灌木丛　4.许多的，很多的　5.进退两难的境地，困境　6.情况，情形　7.喜爱，钟爱　8.(工厂、医院等轮班制中的)当班时间
Ⅱ.拓展词汇知变形
1．commercial　2.thoughtful　3.alternative　4.qualified　
5．fluency　6.admission　7.participation　8.mixture　
9．sincerely　10.refreshments
Ⅲ.短语互译
1．make up one's mind　2.have second thoughts
3．put off　4.放过，放弃，错过(机会)
5．坚决拒绝……；彻底否决……　6.仔细考虑，权衡
预习验收·衔接课堂
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．complex　2.commercial　3.affection　4.Fluency　5.arise
6．admission　7.sincerely　8.shift　9.qualified
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．thoughts　2.sincere　3.fluent　4.arose　5.participation　6.to send　7.in　8.qualified
Ⅲ.短语填空
1．make the most of　2.put off　3.on a daily basis　4.ranges from；to　5.resulted in　6.arising from　7.have second thoughts　8.turn down
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．It is a great pity for me to pass up
2．What if she forgets
3．Among the guests are
4．Whether it turns out to be a good idea or a bad idea
阅读研析·合作学习
Ⅰ.框架建构：整体理解
popularity；appreciation
Ⅱ.文本剖析：细节探究
1．B　2.C　3.A　4.A　5.A
Ⅲ.重点句式补全
1．it would be a great pity to pass up
2．what if
3．Among Frost's best-known poems are
4．it's unlikely that
要点精研·探究学习
1．①complexity　②complex relationship
2．①symbolize　②symbolized
3．①to　②alternative　③have no alternative　give up
4．①from　②have arisen
5．①Under/In　②Under/In　③circumstances　④under/in the circumstances　⑤Under/In no circumstances will I
6．①affection　②with　③affection　④has a great affection for　⑤showed us much affection
7．①thoughtful　②thoughtfully　③thoughtfulness　④to help
8．①on　②on　③on the basis of　④is based on
9．①As a result of　②As a result　③result in　④resulted in; resulted from
10．①(to) press　②(to) keep　③(to) take　④(to) find another person to help us　⑤(to) turn to his teacher for help
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．complex　2.numerous　3.thoughtful　4.alternative　
5．dilemma　6.mixture　7.arisen　8.Symbolism　
9．commercial　10.affection　11.qualified　12.shift　13.circumstances
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．to　2.complexity　3.with　4.commercialize　5.numerous
6．insights　7.thoughtful　8.basis　9.in　10.to live　11.participation
12．mix　13.symbolize　14.affection　15.working(共137张PPT)
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
单元脉图·素养导引
01.课前预习·自主学习
02.要点精研·探究学习
03.课时达标·随堂自测
04.课时作业（一）
内容
索引
01.课前预习·自主学习
词汇预习·夯实基础
Ⅰ.词义匹配
(　　)1.boyhood A．n.斗牛
(　　)2.bullfighting B．n.(男性的)童年时期，少年时代
(　　)3.trainee C．n.点，小圆点
(　　)4.dot D．adv.往回，往前面
(　　)5.backwards E．n.接受工作培训的人；实习生
B
A
E
C
D
Ⅱ.拓展词汇知变形
1．________ n．追求，理想→ambitious adj.雄心勃勃的；有野心的
2．correspond vi.符合，一致；通信→_____________ n．通讯员，记者
3．history n．历史→________ adj.(有关)历史的
4．detect vt.察觉，发现；探测→________ n．私家侦探
5．ultimate adj.最终的；极限的→________ adv.最后，最终
ambition
correspondent
historical
detective
ultimately
Ⅲ.补全短语
1．________ action 采取行动
2．________ place 适当，恰当的；在适当的位置
3．________ this respect 在这一方面；就这点来说
4．based ________ 根据；以……为基础
5．________ contrast 相比之下；相对照
6．compared ________ 与……比起来
take
in
in
on
by
to
7．devote oneself ________ 致力于；献身于
8．focus ________ 集中于
9．________ pressure 在压力下
10．________ out 最终是，结果是
to
on
under
turn
预习验收·衔接课堂
Ⅰ.单词默写
1．________ n. 追求，理想
2．________ n. 私家侦探
3．___________ n. 通讯员，记者
4．________ adv. 最后，最终
5．________ adj. (有关)历史的
ambition
detective
correspondent
ultimately
historical
Ⅱ.短语填空
take action, in the face of, under pressure, based on, by contrast, devote oneself to, focus on, so that, in this respect, turn out
1．Each exercise ________________ a different grammar point.
2．The little boy saved every coin ________________ he could buy his mother a present on Mother's Day.
3．I hope all ________________ well for you.
4．I choose yes or no ________________ my goals.
focuses on
so that
turns out
based on
5．You have to ________________ and deal with problems that you meet with.
6．She ________________ looking after the children who had lost their homes.
7．He took his courage in both hands ________________ danger.
8．The supervisor and the staff should reach a mutual agreement ________________．
9．The private sector (部门), ________________， has plenty of money to spend.
10．A lot of companies were ________________ from their investors (投资者).
take action
devoted herself to
in the face of
in this respect
by contrast
under pressure
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．正如我们中的许多人已经知道的那样，为未来制订适当的计划并不能保证它们会成为现实。
_____________________， having plans in place for the future is no guarantee that they will become reality.
2．尽管他们都以同样的追求不凡和充满活力的方式对待生活，但他们的事业却以截然不同的方式展开。
Although they shared __________________________________， their careers unfolded in contrasting ways.
As many of us already know
the same ambitious and energetic approach to life
3．高中一毕业，他就加入了堪萨斯当地一家报社，成为一名见习记者。
____________________________， he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter.
4．所以，无论你遇到什么挫折，像书中的这两位作家学习，对意想不到的事情做好准备。
So, ______________________________________， take a leaf out of the books of these two authors and
_________________________．
On leaving high school
whatever twists and turns you might encounter
be prepared for the unexpected
5．史蒂夫·乔布斯曾经说过：“你不可能在展望未来的时候把点点滴滴串联起来；你只能在回顾的时候把它们联系起来。”
Steve Jobs once said, “You can't connect the dots ________________； you can only connect them ________________．”
looking forward
looking backwards
课文自测·强化理解
Ⅰ.课文解构(挑战创新题)
答案：1．the future　2.no guarantee　3.a writer　4.main mbition5．Doyle's disappointment　6.twists and turns
Ⅱ.长难句分析
1．In this respect, some people are more fortunate than others, as can be illustrated by comparing the lives of two famous authors, born 40 years apart.
[句式分析]
本句中as引导定语从句。过去分词短语born 40 years apart作后置定语，修饰authors。
[尝试翻译] _____________________________________________
在这一方面，有些人比其他人更幸运，这可以通过比较两位出生相差40年的著名作家的生活来说明。
2．Having set himself this goal, he wrote novels and short stories based on his personal experiences of the First World War, the Spanish Civil War, bullfighting and deep sea fishing, amongst others.
[句式分析]
Having set himself this goal为现在分词短语，在句中作状语。based on...为过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于定语从句which were based on...。
[尝试翻译] _______________________________________________
在为自己设定了这个目标之后，他根据自己在第一次世界大战、
西班牙内战、斗牛和深海捕鱼等方面的亲身经历创作了小说和短篇小说。
3．Although some of his historical novels were published, their success was nothing compared to the stories of his fictional detective, Sherlock Holmes, which he is still best known for to this day.
[句式分析]
Although引导让步状语从句。which he is... day为which引导的非限制性定语从句。
[尝试翻译] ___________________________________________
虽然他的一些历史小说已经出版，但它们的成功与他至今仍最出名的侦探小说夏洛克·福尔摩斯的故事相比简直是小巫见大巫。
4．Though both of these men were ultimately successful, their paths to success were very different, their futures not necessarily turning out exactly as they planned.
[句式分析]
Though引导让步状语从句。their futures... planned为独立主格结构，该结构中as引导方式状语从句。
[尝试翻译] _________________________________________________
虽然这两个人最终都成功了，但他们的成功之路却大相径庭，他们的未来不一定完全如他们计划的那样。
Ⅲ.表格填空
Para. 1 For many of us, we are often wondering or worrying about the most 1.________ issue of our lives—the future. But how should we approach the future, by 2.___________ to shape it or just accepting whatever comes our way？
Para. 2 As we all know, having plans 3.________ for the future is no guarantee that they will become reality. In this respect, some people are more fortunate than others, 4.________ can be illustrated by comparing the following two authors.
important
taking action
in place
which/as
Para. 3 — Para. 5 The American writer named Ernest Hemingway, 5.________ in 1899, was single minded in his 6.________ to write from early boyhood. He did many different jobs and used his extraordinary experiences 7.________ his writing. At last, he was a success as a writer, winning the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953 and later the Nobel Prize in Literature. 8.______________， the young Arthur Conan Doyle, whose main ambition was to become a writer of historical novels, wasn't so lucky. 9.____________ his stories of his fictional detective, Sherlock Holmes, his success in historical novels, plays, poems and academic papers was nothing.
Para. 6 10.________ twists and turns you might encounter, make sure to be prepared for the unexpected.
born
ambition
to inform
By contrast　
Compared to
Whatever
Ⅳ.根据课文内容选择正确答案
1．What is possibly the most important concern in life
A．Yesterday.
B．Today.
C．The future.
D．The day before yesterday.
C
2．What did Hemingway do to achieve his ambition to become a writer
A.He joined a local newspaper as a trainee reporter.
B．He became foreign correspondent for the Toronto Star.
C．He used his experiences both in Europe and Cuba to inform his writing.
D．All the above.
D
3．What's Doyle's main writing ambition
A．Becoming a writer of historical novels.
B．Working as a doctor in the local area.
C．Being known for his fictional stories.
D．Devoting himself to writing one story about what he knew.
A
4．Why was Doyle disappointed with the success of his Holmes' stories
A．Because he longed to become known for his plays.
B．Because he longed to become known for his poems.
C．Because he longed to become known for his historical novels.
D．Because he longed to become known for his medicine.
C
5．What's the passage mainly about
A．Different jobs people might do in the future.
B．Various possibilities for future development.
C．Stories about different people's future.
D．Fixed future for everyone.
C
Ⅴ.选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息(其中有一项是多余的)
A．as they planned
B．As many of us already know
C．As renowned tech innovator Steve Jobs once said
D．as can be illustrated by comparing the lives of two famous authors
E．As the saying goes
1．________， having plans in place for the future is no guarantee that they will become reality.
2．In this respect, some people are more fortunate than others, ________， born 40 years apart.
3．Though both of these men were ultimately successful, their paths to success were very different, their futures not necessarily turning out exactly ________．
4．________， “You can't connect the dots looking forward.”
B
D
A
C
原文研读·立体透析
[词汇积累]
①in the face of 面对
②take action采取行动
③guarantee n．保证，担保；保证书
④in this respect 在这一方面；就这点来说
⑤fortunate adj.幸运的，运气好的
⑥illustrate vt.说明，阐明； 图解
⑦unfold vi.展开，暴露

⑧boyhood/'b h d/n.(男性的)童年时期，少年时代
⑨single minded adj.专心的
⑩ambition/ m'b ( )n/n.追求，理想
trainee/ tre 'ni /n．接受工作培训的人；实习生
correspondent/ k r 'sp nd nt/n.通讯员，记者
bullfighting /'b lfa t /n.斗牛
epic adj.英雄的；史诗般的
the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction普利策小说奖
by contrast相比之下；相对照
originally adv.最初；本来
historical/h 'st r k( )/adj.(有关)历史的
detective/d 'tekt v/n.私家侦探
[教材原文]
Facing the Future
For many of us, it's something we already have experienced. One moment, we are lying comfortably in bed, about to fall into a deep sleep. The next, our eyes are open and we_find_ourselves_wondering_or_even_worrying_about_possibly_the_most_important_issue_of_our_lives—the_future[1]. Will we get into the school of our choice What will we be doing in ten years' time？Can we become the person we really want to be In the face of① such questions, how should we approach the future Can we take action② to shape it, or should we just accept whatever_comes_our_way[2]
[1]句中wondering or even worrying about...为现在分词作宾语补足语。
[2]whatever引导宾语从句。
As many of us already know, having_plans_in_place_for_the_future_is_no_guarantee③_that_they_will_become_reality[3]. In this respect④， some people are more fortunate⑤ than others, as can be illustrated⑥ by comparing the lives of two famous authors, _born_40_years_apart[4].Although_they_shared_the_same_ambitious_and_energetic_approach_to_life[5], their careers unfolded⑦ in contrasting ways.
[3]句中动名词短语作主语。that引导同位语从句，作名词guarantee的同位语。
[4]过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词authors。
[5]Although引导让步状语从句。
The American author, Ernest Hemingway, born in 1899, was from early boyhood⑧ single minded⑨ in his ambition⑩ to write. On_leaving_high_school[6], he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter. He went on to become foreign correspondent for the Toronto Star and used his extraordinary experiences in Europe and later Cuba to inform his writing. In his words, “I decided that I would write one story about each thing that I knew about.”
Having_set_himself_this_goal,_he_wrote_novels_and_short_stories_based_on_his_personal_experiences_of_the_First_World_War,_the_Spanish_Civil_War,_bullfighting _and_deep sea_fishing[7], amongst others. His novel The Old Man and the Sea, about the three day epic struggle between an elderly fisherman and the_biggest_fish_he_had_ever_caught[8], won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953. He would later go on to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.
[6]On leaving high school 为on doing...句型，表示“一……就……”。
[7]Having set himself this goal为现在分词短语作状语。现在分词的完成时态表示该分词短语的动作先于谓语动词发生。based on...为过去分词短语作定语。
[8]该句为省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词fish。由于fish前有形容词最高级形式，故只能用关系词that引导，但在从句中作动词caught的宾语，可以省略。
　By contrast ， the young Arthur Conan Doyle, born in Scotland in 1859, had originally worked as a doctor. But Doyle's main ambition was to_become_a_writer_of_historical _novels[9]. Although_some_of_his_historical_novels_were_published,_their_success_was_nothing_compared_to_the_stories_of_his_fictional_detective ，_Sherlock_Holmes,_which_he_is_still_best_known_for_to_this_day[10].
[9]动词不定式短语作表语。
[10]Although引导让步状语从句。过去分词短语作状语。关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the stories。
[课文译文]
面向未来
对于我们中的许多人来说，这是我们已经经历过的事情。一会儿，我们舒服地躺在床上，即将陷入沉睡。接下来，我们的眼睛是睁着的，我们发现我们自己在想，甚至担心我们生活中或许最重要的问题——未来。我们会进入我们选择的学校吗？十年后我们将做什么？我们能成为我们真正想要成为的人吗？面对这样的问题，我们应该如何对待未来？
我们能够采取行动来塑造它，还是应该接受我们遇到的一切？
正如我们中的许多人已经知道的那样，为未来制订适当的计划并不能保证它们会成为现实。在这一方面，有些人比其他人更幸运，这可以通过比较两位出生相差40年的著名作家的生活来说明。尽管他们都以同样的追求不凡和充满活力的方式对待生活，但他们的事业却以截然不同的方式展开。
美国作家欧内斯特·海明威生于1899年，从少年时代起就一心一意地致力于写作。高中一毕业，他就加入了堪萨斯当地一家报社，成为一名见习记者。他后来成为《多伦多星报》的外国记者，并利用他在欧洲和后来在古巴的非凡经历为他的写作提供信息。用他的话说，“我决定写一篇关于我所知道的每一件事的故事。”在为自己设定了这个目标之后，他根据自己在第一次世界大战、西班牙内战、斗牛和深海捕鱼等方面的亲身经历创作了小说和短篇小说。他的短篇小说《老人与海》讲述了一位年迈的渔夫和他捕到的最大的一条鱼之间的三天史诗般的斗争，这部小说在1953年获得了普利策小说奖，后来他又获得了诺贝尔文学奖。
相比之下，年轻的阿瑟· 柯南·道尔于1859年出生在苏格兰，最初是一名医生。但道尔的主要理想是成为一名历史小说作家。虽然他的一些历史小说已经出版，但它们的成功与他至今仍最出名的侦探小说夏洛克·福尔摩斯的故事相比简直是小巫见大巫。
interestingly adv.有趣的是
household adj.家喻户晓的
devote oneself to...致力于；献身于
long v．渴望，盼望
in desperation绝望地； 不顾一切地
focus on 集中于
under immense pressure在巨大的压力下
entertain vt.娱乐；使欢乐
ultimately/' lt m tli/ adv.最后，最终
their paths to success他们的成功之路
not necessarily未必，不一定
turn out最终是，结果是
encounter vt.遇到
take a leaf out of...照着某人的做法去做，像某人一样做事
dot/d t/n.点，小圆点
backwards/'b kw dz/adv.往回，往前面
somehow adv.以某种方法，以某种方式, 　　
Interestingly ， Doyle wrote some of his early Holmes stories while_he_was_waiting_for_patients_in_his_medical_practice_in_London[11]. After Sherlock Holmes made him a household name, Doyle gave up medicine and devoted himself entirely to writing. He still longed to become known for his historical novels amongst other academic works. The public, however, couldn't get enough of Sherlock Holmes. In_desperation ，_Doyle_killed_off_the_famous_detective_in_a_novel
_published_in_1893_so_that_he_could_focus_on _his_“serious”_writing[12]. However,_fans_of_Holmes_were_so_angry_that_Doyle,_under_immense_pressure ，_was_forced_to_bring_Holmes_back_from_the_dead[13]. Doyle's many historical novels, plays, poems and academic papers have remained largely forgotten, but Sherlock Holmes has been entertaining readers for well over a century.
[11]while引导时间状语从句。
[12]句中published in 1893为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰a novel, so that引导目的状语从句。
[13]so... that...句型，意思为“如此……以至于……”，that从句为结果状语从句。　　
Though_both_of_these_men_were_ultimately _successful,_their_paths_to_success _were_very_different,_their_futures_not_necessarily _turning_out _exactly_as_they_planned[14]. So, whatever_twists_and_turns_you_might_encounter [15], take a leaf out of the books of these two authors and be prepared for the unexpected.
As_renowned_tech_innovator_Steve_Jobs_once_said,_“You_can't_connect_the_dots _looking_forward[16]; you can only connect them looking backwards . So_you_have_to_trust_that_the_dots_will_someho _connect_in_your_future[17].”
[14]句中Though引导让步状语从句。as引导方式状语从句。
[15]whatever引导让步状语从句。
[16]关系代词As引导非限制性定语从句。现在分词短语作状语。
[17]that引导宾语从句。　
有趣的是，道尔在伦敦行医等候病人时就写了一些他早期的福尔摩斯故事。夏洛克·福尔摩斯让他家喻户晓后，道尔放弃了医学，全身心地投入到写作中。他仍然渴望在其他学术著作中，他是因历史小说而出名的。然而，公众却看不够夏洛克·福尔摩斯。处于绝望之中的道尔在1893年出版的一本小说中杀死了这位著名的侦探，这样他就可以专注于他的“严肃”写作了。然而，福尔摩斯的粉丝们非常愤怒，道尔在巨大的压力下，被迫让福尔摩斯起死回生。道尔的许多历史小说、戏剧、诗歌和学术论文在很大程度上被遗忘了，但福尔摩斯娱乐读者已经超过一个世纪了。
虽然这两个人最终都成功了，但他们的成功之路却大相径庭，他们的未来不一定完全如他们计划的那样。所以，无论你遇到什么挫折，像书中的这两位作家学习，对意想不到的事情做好准备。正如著名的科技革新者史蒂夫·乔布斯曾经说过的那样，“你不可能在展望未来的时候把点点滴滴串联起来；你只能在回顾的时候把它们联系起来。所以，你必须相信，这些点点滴滴会在你的未来以某种方式串联起来。”
02.要点精研·探究学习
1)ambition n．志向，抱负；追求，理想)
(教材原句)The American author, Ernest Hemingway, born in 1899, was from early boyhood single minded in his ambition to write.美国作家欧内斯特·海明威生于1899年，从少年时代起就一门心思写作。
When he was a young lawyer he was full of ambition.
他年轻时当律师，充满雄心壮志。
Great knowledge, experience and wisdom will help a man to achieve his ambition.广博的知识、丰富的经验和无穷的智慧对实现人的抱负大有裨益。
The company was created by two very ambitious young men in the early 1990s.
公司是由两个非常有抱负的年轻人在20世纪90年代初创立的。
be full of ambition 充满野心
achieve one's ambition 实现抱负
have an ambition to do sth. 有做……的野心
ambitious adj. 有抱负的；有野心的
[名师点津]
ambition作主语时，常用不定式作表语。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①It is easier for the students who are ________ (ambition) to succeed in their studies than those with little ambition.
②My ambition is ________ (become) a pilot after graduation.
完成句子
③没有什么可以阻止我实现我的抱负。
Nothing would stop me from ________________________．
ambitious
to become
achieving my ambition
2)correspondent n．通讯员，记者)
(教材原句)He went on to become foreign correspondent for the Toronto Star and used his extraordinary experiences in Europe and later Cuba to inform his writing.
他后来成为《多伦多星报》的外国记者，并利用他在欧洲和后来在古巴的非凡经历为自己的写作提供信息。
Your account of events corresponds with hers.
你说的情况跟她说的相符。
The working of this machine corresponds to that of the human brain.这种机器的作用就相当于人脑的作用。
I have been in correspondence with her for years.
多年来我一直同她有通信联系。
(1)correspond vi. 符合，一致；相应；通信
correspond to 相当于
correspond with 与……通信；与……相一致
(2)correspondence n. 通信；一致；相当
in correspondence with 和……一致；与……有通信联系
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Mum became the ____________ (correspond) in our town, and sometimes she would write letters all day long.
②She stopped corresponding ________ him after the death of her mother.
③The written record of the conversation doesn't correspond ________ what was actually said.
correspondent
with
to
完成句子
④他和她通信多年，最后终于见面了。
He had been ________________________________ her for several years before they finally met.
in correspondence with
3)ultimately adv.最后，最终，根本上　ultimate adj.最终的，根本的)
(教材原句)Though both of these men were ultimately successful, their paths to success were very different...
虽然这两个人最终都成功了，但他们的成功之路却大相径庭……
Ultimately, you'll have to make the decision yourself.
最终你还是得自己拿主意。
All life depends ultimately on oxygen.
一切生命归根到底都要依赖氧气。
Our ultimate goal must be the preservation of the environment.
我们的最终目的必须是环境保护。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①A poor diet will ________ (ultimate) lead to illness.
②________ (ultimate), the success of the product depends on the good marketing.
完成句子
③________________ (最后的决定权) lies with the parents.
④It is not your talents or abilities, but your choices that ____________________ (最终决定你的命运).
ultimately
Ultimately
The ultimate decision
ultimately decide your fate
4)in the face of 面对(问题、困难、危险等))
(教材原句)In the face of such questions, how should we approach the future
面对这样的问题，我们应该如何对待未来？
We should not lose heart in face of difficulties. If we work hard, we will find a way out.
面对困难，我们不应该灰心。如果我们努力工作，我们会找到出路的。
We are faced with a very difficult choice.
我们面临一项很艰难的抉择。
There are also unhappy smiles, such as when someone “loses face” and smiles to hide it.
还有不愉快的微笑，比如当某人“丢了面子”时就会用微笑来掩饰。
be faced with 面对，面临
lose face 丢脸，失面子
make faces/a face 做鬼脸
save face 保全面子
look sb. in the face 直视某人
face to face 面对面地
[即学即练]　完成句子
①___________________ (面对) the difficulty in our learning process, we learned to encourage each other all the time.
②In order not to ______________ (丢脸), he spent the whole night preparing for the speech.
③Talking with friends ________________ (面对面地) is a good way to reduce the pressure from work and life.
In the face of/Faced with
lose face
face to face
④When you are chatting with one, please ______________ (直视他).
⑤When ________________ (face) so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.
look him in the face
facing
5)take action 采取行动)
In the face of such a serious problem, the government should take action to solve it.
面对如此严重的问题，政府应该采取行动来解决它。
If you can really put the three points into action, you will surely be able to live a happy life.
如果你真能把这三点付诸行动，你肯定能过上幸福的生活。
take action/steps/measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事
in action 在活动，在运转
out of action 失灵，发生故障
put... into action 将……付诸实施
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Action must ________ (take) to deal with the urgency as soon as possible.
②Just press the button to see your favourite character ________ action.
③The new plan for traffic control is being put ________ action on an experimental basis.
be taken
in
into
完成句子
④Doing morning exercises is beneficial to your health, so you should ________ (采取行动) now.
⑤I have to have the report typed in a store, for my computer is ________ (出毛病).
take action
out of action
6)come one's way意外地落在某人头上，偶尔发生在某人身上)
He took whatever came his way.
无论什么事落到他头上，他都认了。
Luck had come her way at the very last moment.
好运在最后时刻降临到她头上。
The hunter made his way to the wild.
猎人前往野外。
He felt his way in the darkness and found a motorbike was in the way.
他在黑暗中摸索着前进，发现一辆摩托车挡住了路。
lose one's way 迷路
make one's way 行进；逐步取得成功
make way for 给……让路
give way to 被……取代；向……让步
push one's way 挤过去
feel/wind one's way 摸索/蜿蜒前进
[特别提示]　在make one's way to, give way to中，to是介词。
[即学即练]　完成句子
①Several chances ______________ (偶尔发生在我们身上) but we missed them.
②A blanket of fog made it very difficult for soldiers to ________________ (前往) to the earthquake hit area.
③The storm ________________ (被……取代) bright sunshine.
④This should ________________ (决不) be seen as a defeat.
⑤They ________________ (迷路) in the forest. What's worse, it began to rain heavily.
came our way
make their way
gave way to
in no way
lost their way
7)devote oneself to献身于，致力于)
The old man you saw just now devotes himself to helping the poor.
你刚才看到的那位老人致力于帮助贫困的人。
He has been devoted to the cause of education for many years.
多年来，他一直致力于教育事业。
Some of the money they raised will be devoted to repairing the school's roof.
他们募集的一部分资金将用于修缮学校屋顶。
devote one's life/time/energy/money/attention to
把某人的生命/时间/精力/金钱/注意力奉献于……
be devoted to (doing) sth. 致力于(做)某事
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I don't think we should devote any more time ________ this question.
②She decided to devote herself to ________ (protect) the environment all through her life.
③________ (devote) to the cause of education for 30 years, she is highly respected by her students.
一句多译
④如果你不专心投入工作，就永远不会成功。
＝You will never gain success unless you ______________ your work.
＝You will never gain success unless you __________ your work.
to
protecting
Devoted
devote yourself to
are devoted to
8)focus on/upon 专注于；集中注意力于……)
You should stop focusing on whom to blame and start focusing on how to improve the situation.
你应该开始关注如何改善局面，而不是去责怪谁。
We should focus our attention on what we have done.
我们应该把注意力放在我们已经做的事情上。
focus one's attention/energy/mind on/upon 集中注意力/精力/心思于
focused adj. 注意力集中的
[名师点津]　“全神贯注于/专心于”的表达：
concentrate on　　　　　　　　　　pay attention to
focus/fix one's mind/attention on put one's heart into
be buried/lost/absorbed in devote oneself to
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Do the opposite. Focus ________ the speaking.
②We've been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us deeply ________ (focus) on their smartphones, or worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.
on
focused
9)turn out结果是；证明是；出席，在场；制造；生产)
(教材原句)Though both of these men were ultimately successful, their paths to success were very different, their futures not necessarily turning out exactly as they planned.
虽然这两个人最终都完全成功了，但他们的成功之路却大相径庭，他们的未来并不一定完全如他们计划的那样。
Thousands of people turned out to welcome the world champion.
数千人出来欢迎那位世界冠军。
Plans have been made to turn out more products of higher quality.
已制订计划以生产更多高质量的产品。
turn down 拒绝；调小
turn up 露面；突然出现；开大
turn off/on 关掉/打开
turn to 求助于；致力于
turn (...) into (使……)变成
turn over 翻页；移交；使翻转
[即学即练]　用适当的介词、副词填空
This morning, my grandmother turned ①________ the radio to listen to the news as usual. She felt she could not hear clearly. So she turned it ②________． But it was no use. She had to turn ③________ my father for help. I saw my father turned ④________ the radio and turned it ⑤________ to see what was wrong. It turned ⑥________ that the button did not work any more. My father repaired it and told my grandmother to turn ⑦________ the radio, for the neighbor's little baby was asleep at the time.
on
up
to
off
over
out
down
10)(教材原句)．..we find ourselves wondering or even worrying about possibly the most important issue of our lives—the future.……我们发现自己在想，甚至担心我们生活中或许最重要的问题——未来。)
[句式解构]　find＋宾语＋宾补
“find＋宾语＋宾补”表示“发现……处于某种状态/在做某事”，充当宾补的可以是现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词、介词短语等。
I found him watching TV in his room secretly.
我发现他在房间偷偷看电视。
When he returned from business, he found his house broken into.
他出差回来时，他发现他家被人闯入了。
[特别提示]　(1)不定式作find的宾语时，常用it作形式宾语，宾补之后，构成“find＋it(形式宾语)＋宾补＋不定式(真正的宾语)”结构，该结构可转换为“find＋宾语从句”
The trainee found it hard to adapt to the new environment.
＝The trainee found that it is hard to adapt to the new environment.
这个实习生觉得很难适应新环境。
(2)若“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构变为被动形式，则原来的宾语变成主语，宾补变成主补。
He was found seated in front of the TV set.
他被发现坐在电视机前面。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I find the life in the countryside ________ (peace).
②He returned to the airport only to find his car alarm ________ (go) off.
③The little boy was very pleased to find the bottle ________ (fill) with water.
④I find it hard not ________ (suffer) from pressure at work.
⑤He was found ________ (cheat) in the final examination.
peaceful
going
filled
to suffer
cheating
11)（教材原句）On leaving high school， he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter.,高中一毕业，他就加入了堪萨斯当地一家报社，成为一名见习记者
[句式解构]　
(1)“on/upon＋n./v. ing”是介词短语，表示“一……就……”，作时间状语。
On arriving at the tea house, the foreign students were impressed by the unique tea pots and tea cups.
一到茶馆，独特的茶壶和茶杯就给这些外国学生留下了深刻印象。
在该类句式中，当hardly, scarcely, no sooner位于句首时，主句用部分倒装结构，从句不用倒装
(2)as soon as(引导时间状语从句)
She cut out the article from the newspaper as soon as/immediately/the moment she saw it.
她在报纸上一看到这篇文章就剪了下来。
No sooner had Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.莫言一登台，观众就发出了雷鸣般的掌声。
[特别提示]　“一……就……”的其他表达：
at the sight/sound of...一看见/听见……
the moment/minute/instant/second(名词用作连词)＋句子
immediately/instantly/directly(副词用作连词)＋句子
hardly/scarcely...when...
no sooner...than...
[语境助记]　She had requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her death．
她要求社区等她一去世就把它变成一个博物馆。
[即学即练]　一句多译
他大学一毕业就投入到教育事业。
①________________ from college, he devoted himself to the cause of education.
②He devoted himself to the cause of education ________________ he graduated from college.
On/Upon graduating
as soon as
③He devoted himself to the cause of education _____________________________________ he graduated from college.
④He devoted himself to the cause of education __________________________ he graduated from college.
⑤________________ had he graduated from college ________ he devoted himself to the cause of education.
the moment/the minute/the second/the instant　
immediately/directly/instantly
No sooner
than
03.课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．During his ________ (少年时期), his ambition is to become a brilliant pilot just as his neighbour.
2．The trainee has become a teacher and is about to realize his lifelong ________ (理想).
3．Since his boyhood, there have been many great and ________ (历史的) changes that took place in his hometown.
4．The things the detective thought about and focused on ________ (最后) shaped who he became.
boyhood
ambition
historical
ultimately
5．On noticing the terrible scene, the boy stepped ________ (向后地) and then leant forwards to see the bullfighting more clearly.
6．Having worked as a ________ (实习生) doctor in the local hospital for one year, he went on seeking after his long term ambition.
7．The ________ (侦探) took action to find some new clues to the case.
8．You can't connect the ________ (点) looking forwards; you can only connect them looking backwards.
9．The ________ (记者) for this newspaper conveyed some important messages about the history.
backwards
trainee
detective
dots
correspondent
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The role, who wanted to become a bullfighter in the movie Bullfighting was ________ (ambition).
2．On ________ (reach) the top of the hill, Tess paused and looked for a long time at the historical site.
3．The lecturer ultimately inspired us to be devoted to ________ (research).
4．The boy said he longed ________ (go) backwards to the past.
ambitious
reaching
researching
to go
5．The main character of the detective novel was killed ________ at the end of the second series.
6．When you're unable to concentrate, you can't think clearly, focus ________ a task, or achieve your ambition.
7．The couple's plan to separate themselves from the royal family will be ________ (ultimate) unsuccessful, U．K. media correspondent Neil Sean said Tuesday.
off
on
ultimately
8．If you're interviewed for a management trainee job, you will be ________ (face) with some questions that focus on your ability to lead groups, delegate tasks, and perform other management duties.
9．The company's promise is ________ (take) action on the committee's recommendations immediately.
10．Just a few days after the signs went up, he found people ________ (sit) there and engaging in active and joyful conversations.
faced
to take
sitting
04.课时作业（一）
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．All memory of the detective's b________ (少年时代) has faded from his mind.
2．In fact, it is many young people's a________ (理想) to set up programmes or businesses that improve social circumstances.
3．My first job was as a commercial t________ (实习生) with a bank.
4．Our historical c____________ (记者), James Morgan, is just back from Germany.
boyhood
ambition
trainee
correspondent
5．More than 100 people were wounded in the b___________ (斗牛) this year ultimately.
6．In the café， customers will enjoy refreshments in the h________ (历史的) environment that is created for them.
bullfighting
historical
7．She hired a qualified d________ (私家侦探) in an attempt to find her daughter.
8．U________ (最终), since poems can convey certain symbolism，it's a good idea to let the students feel it by reading some poems.
9．The helicopters appeared as two black d________ (小圆点) on the horizon ultimately.
10．In the movie the correspondent takes a journey b________(往回) through time.
detective
Ultimately
dots
backwards
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The trainee is ________ (ambition) to succeed in life as a woman journalist.
2．A dog's eating habit requires regular and complex ________ (train) before it is properly established.
ambitious
解析:句意：这个实习生渴望自己作为一名女新闻工作者在生活中取得成功。ambitious adj.有抱负的，往往构成短语be ambitious to do渴望做(某事)。
training
解析:句意：在狗的饮食习惯被正确地建立之前，需要定期和复杂的训练。training n．训练；培训。
3．Chinese New Year paintings cover numerous subjects, like ________ (history) stories, harvests, flowers and birds.
4．They insisted that the ________ (detect) should look into this whole business.
historical
解析:句意：中国新年绘画涵盖许多主题，如历史故事、收获、花卉和鸟类。historical adj.(有关)历史的。
detective
解析:句意：他们坚持让那个私家侦探调查整个事件。detective n．私家侦探。名词作主语。
5．A smart phone serves as a qualified platform for them to get fun in a ________ (comfort) and convenient way.
6．The correspondent will not be in London next Tuesday.
He ____________ (climb) in the Himalayas at that time.
comfortable
解析:句意：智能手机是他们以舒适和方便的方式获得乐趣的一个合格的平台。comfortable adj.“舒适的；安逸的”，在句子中作定语。
will be climbing
解析:句意：这个记者下周二将不在伦敦。他那时将会在爬喜马拉雅山。根据next Tuesday和at that time可知叙述的是将来某时的事情。
7．Did you weigh up the best approach ________ studying a foreign language
8．My grandfather is as ________ (energy) as a young man and makes up his mind to work in the fields all the time.
to
解析:句意：你仔细考虑过学一门外语的最佳方法吗？approach与to连用，表示“做某事的步骤、方法；去……的道路”。
energetic
解析:句意：我祖父像年轻人一样精力充沛，而且他决定要一直在田里劳动。energetic adj.精力充沛的，积极的。
9．On ________ (arrive) at the station, I'll telephone the detective.
10．Data collected from the device could be used to weigh up different participants ________ (base) on how they typed.
arriving
解析: “on/upon＋名词/动名词”表示“一……就……”。句意：一到车站，我就会给那个侦探打电话。
based
解析:句意：根据他们打字的方式，从设备收集的数据可以用来权衡不同的参与者。be based on意为“以……为基础”，其主动结构为base... on...。根据句意可知这里用过去分词表示被动。
Ⅲ.用所给短语的适当形式填空
by contrast, give up, prepare for, look forward to, take action, go on, be based on, work as, focus on, wait for
1．The profession's leaders must ____________ now to promote equal opportunities for all the trainees.
2．The detective ____________ to read the text after he listened to the tape.
3．This book ____________ a true story on bullfighting that happened in the 1930s.
take action
went on
is based on
4．It seems quite warm today ____________ with yesterday's icy wind, so we must not pass up the chance to go out.
5．He moved to England in 1980 where, among other things, he ____________ a correspondent.
6．Since the trade agreement is wrapped up ultimately, all we have to do is __________ the first orders.
7．All hope of finding the missing aircraft was ____________ and the participation of search stopped.
by contrast
worked as
waiting for
given up
8．In his stories, he often ____________ the boyhood of ordinary people in New York City at that time.
9．The students are busy ____________ the college admission examination.
10．They are sincerely ____________ being sent to the lecture given by the famous professor.
focused on
preparing for
looking forward to
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Many of us are always wondering or even worrying about our future. Can we take 1.________ (act) to shape it, or should we just accept whatever comes our way 2.________ many of us already know, having plans in place for the future is no guarantee that they will become reality. Although Hemingway and Doyle shared the same 3.________ (ambition) and energetic approach to life, their careers unfolded in contrasting ways.
action
As
ambitious
On 4.________ (leave) high school, Hemingway joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter and then became a foreign correspondent. 5.________ (set) himself a goal, he wrote novels and short stories 6.________ (base) on his personal experiences of the First World War, the Spanish Civil War, bullfighting and deep sea fishing, amongst others. He won the Nobel Prize in Literature.
leaving
Having set
based
Although some of Doyle's historical novels were published, their success was nothing compared to the stories of his fictional detective, Sherlock Holmes, 7.________ he is still best known for to this day. Once he killed off the famous detective in a novel 8.________ (publish) in 1893 so that he could focus on his “serious” writing. However, fans of Holmes were so angry that Doyle, under immense pressure, 9.________ (force) to bring Holmes back from the dead. Through the two 10.________ (ultimate) successful but different authors, we should learn to be prepared for the unexpected.
which
published
was forced
ultimately
Ⅰ.完形填空
There are times when we feel as if our bad circumstances will never change. When we meet troubles or problems in our lives, we are __1__ for a sign that tells us everything will be __2__ and get better.
When in this mindset (心态), I think back to a __3__ I once heard about a family having dinner at a Chinese restaurant. At the end of the meal, everyone __4__ their fortune cookies and read their messages out loud. __5__， the youngest child did not
Ⅰ.完形填空
There are times when we feel as if our bad circumstances will never change. When we meet troubles or problems in our lives, we are __1__ for a sign that tells us everything will be __2__ and get better.
When in this mindset (心态), I think back to a __3__ I once heard about a family having dinner at a Chinese restaurant. At the end of the meal, everyone __4__ their fortune cookies and read their messages out loud. __5__， the youngest child did not.
She went to get another fortune cookie. This __6__ several times before the mom stopped her and asked. “What are you doing？” The little child responded, “I am looking for a cookie with the __7__ fortune for me.” The mom said, “There is only one thing you need to __8__ and it's not in a fortune cookie. That is where there is a will there's a way.”
When __9__ are not going our way, we may __10__ the right fortune. We seek the hope for our __11__ so that it will be better than the present. Once the Israelis were expelled (驱逐) in a foreign country against their will. At that time, everything was __12__ for them, but they didn't lose hope; instead, they __13__ to their new environment positively. Years later they returned to their homeland as they had __14__.
In life we need to take action and hope and believe that nothing is impossible to a willing mind. It does __15__ that good things do come out of bad and difficult situations.,　
1．A.ready B．grateful C．responsible D．desperate
2．A.settled B．hidden C．defeated D．gone
3．A.message B．story C．problem D．case
4．A.ate B．tasted C．touched D．opened
5．A.Anyhow B．However C．Otherwise D．Therefore
6．A.changed B．ran C．happened D．showed
7．A.good B．bad C．wrong D．right
8．A.doubt B．guess C．know D．hope
9．A.memories B．things C．questions D．chances
10．A.search for B．make up C．take out D．wrestle with
11．A.family B．work C．business D．future
12. A．easy B．difficult C．common D．special
13. A．adjusted B．turned C．stuck D．agreed
14. A．left B．expected C．talked D．remembered
15. A．prove B．tell C．consider D．understand
1．答案：D　解析:根据前文“When we meet troubles or problems in our lives...”可知，我们渴望(desperate)有一个标志告诉我们一切都会被……并变得更好。
2．答案：A　解析:根据前文“When we meet troubles or problems in our lives...”可知，遇到的是麻烦和问题，所以要解决(settle)麻烦或问题。
3．答案：B　解析:根据后文“I once heard about a family having dinner at a Chinese restaurant”可知，作者应是想到了一个曾经听过的故事(story)。
4．答案：D　解析:根据后文的“fortune cookies”可知，应是中国餐馆给客人的包有预测未来运气小纸条的幸运饼干，因此打开(open)之后才能看到其中的小纸条上的内容。
5．答案：B　解析:根据前文“At the end of the meal, everyone __4__ their fortune cookies and read their messages out loud.”可知，每个人都读了自己的小纸条。空后“the youngest child did not”提及最小的孩子没有读，因此，前后句应是转折关系，用however。
6．答案：C　解析:分析句子可知，句中主语this应指前文提及的“to get another fortune cookie”这件事，且结合“This __6__ several times before the mom stopped her and asked. ‘What are you doing？’”可知，这个动作发生(happen)不止一次后妈妈才制止并询问。
4．答案：D　解析:根据后文的“fortune cookies”可知，应是中国餐馆给客人的包有预测未来运气小纸条的幸运饼干，因此打开(open)之后才能看到其中的小纸条上的内容。
5．答案：B　解析:根据前文“At the end of the meal, everyone __4__ their fortune cookies and read their messages out loud.”可知，每个人都读了自己的小纸条。空后“the youngest child did not”提及最小的孩子没有读，因此，前后句应是转折关系，用however。
6．答案：C　解析:分析句子可知，句中主语this应指前文提及的“to get another fortune cookie”这件事，且结合“This __6__ several times before the mom stopped her and asked. ‘What are you doing？’”可知，这个动作发生(happen)不止一次后妈妈才制止并询问。
7．答案：D　解析:根据后文“When __9__ are not going our way, we may __10__ the right fortune.”中提及的right fortune可知，本句中应是right fortune。
8．答案：C　解析:根据后文“That is where there is a will there's a way.”可知，这是妈妈希望这个小孩子能够懂得(know)的道理。
9．答案：B　解析:结合上下文可知，本句“When __9__ are not going our way, we may __10__ the right fortune.”表达当事情(things)不是按照自己的预想方式发展时，我们也许会……
10．答案：A　解析:对应前文“I am looking for a cookie with the __7__ fortune for me.”可知，应是寻找(search for) the right fortune。
11．答案：D　解析:根据后文“so that it will be better than the present”可知，这里指为未来(future)寻求希望。
12．答案：B　解析:根据前文“Once the Israelis were expelled in a foreign country against their will.”可知，他们被驱逐，因此日子很难(difficult)过。
13．答案：A　解析:根据前文“they didn't lose hope”可知，他们虽然被驱逐，但是没有放弃希望，因此可推知，他们积极适应(adjust)新环境。
14．答案：B　解析:as sb. had expected意为“正如某人所期望的”。
15．答案：A　解析:it proves that＋从句，意为“它证明……”。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
For reasons that are deeply rooted in culture and tradition, men significantly outnumber (比……多) women in mathematics based careers. As students progress through the mathematics courses, girls and boys show little difference in ability, effort, or interest in mathematics until adolescent years when course and career choices begin influencing school effort. Then, as social pressure increases and career goals are formed, girls' decisions to reduce effort in the study of mathematics progressively cut them off from many professional careers in the future.
Many girls drop mathematics in high school or in the transition to college. Others drop out later. Women perform virtually as well as men in college mathematics courses, but beyond the bachelor's degree women drop out of mathematics at twice the rate of men. Women now enter college nearly as well prepared in mathematics as men, and 46 percent of mathematics baccalaureates (学士学位) go to women.Despite this record, only 35 percent of the master's degrees and 17 percent of the Ph.D degrees in the mathematical sciences are earned by women.
Overall, women receive approximately one third of university degrees in science and engineering. The highest percentages of women are found in those sciences with the least mathematical prerequisite: psychology, biology, and sociology. The lowest percentages of women enter fields requiring the most mathematics, namely, physics, engineering，economics, geo science, and chemistry. Evidence from many sources suggest that it is differences in course patterns rather than lack of ability that matter most in limiting women's access to careers in mathematically intensive sciences.
Widely reported studies concerning the high percentage of boys among mathematical prodigies (天才) — those who at age 12 perform at the level of average college students—often convey the impression that gender differences in mathematics are biologically determined. But evidence from the vast majority of students shows almost no difference in performance among male and female students who have taken equal advantage of similar opportunities to study mathematics. Inferences from very exceptional students—child prodigies—mean little about the performance of the general population.
1．Males and females probably have great difference in the learning ability in mathematics when they ________．
A．enter high school B．acquire their bachelor's degree
C．enter college D．acquire their master's degree
答案：A　
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“As students progress through the mathematics courses, girls and boys show little difference in ability, effort, or interest in mathematics until adolescent years when course and career choices begin influencing school effort.”可知，男性和女性在进入高中阶段时数学学习能力可能会存在较大差异。
2．Of the following degrees, the highest percentage of degree earned by women is ________．
A．master's degree in economics
B．doctor's degree in economics
C．master's degree in biology
D．doctor's degree in biology
答案：C　
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“... only 35 percent of the master's degrees and 17 percent of the Ph.D degrees in the mathematical sciences are earned by women.”可知，同样的专业下女性获得硕士学位的人数比博士多，所以选项B和D错误；再根据第三段中“The highest percentages of women are found in those sciences with the least mathematical prerequisite: psychology, biology, and sociology. The lowest percentages of women enter fields requiring the most mathematics, namely, physics, engineering, economics, geo science, and chemistry.”可知，女性获得生物学硕士学位的人数要比获得经济学硕士学位的人数多。
3．We can infer from the high percentage of boys among mathematical prodigies that ________．
A．boys and girls usually take unequal advantage of opportunities to study mathematics
B．boys are cleverer in mathematics than girls
C．gender differences in mathematics are biologically determined
D．boys work harder than girls
答案：A　
解析:推理判断题。根据第一段中“Then, as social pressure increases and career goals are formed, girls' decisions to reduce effort in the study of mathematics progressively cut them off from many professional careers in the future.”及第二段中“Many girls drop mathematics in high school or in the transition to college.”可知，男孩和女孩通常学习数学的机会是不均等的。
4．Which one doesn't belong to the reasons why men significantly outnumber women in mathematics based careers
A．Many girls decide to reduce effort in the study of mathematics as social pressure increases.
B．Course patterns are the factor that limits women's access to careers in mathematically intensive sciences.
C．Women's less interest in mathematics limits their access to some careers.
D．More women drop out of mathematics than men beyond the bachelor's degree.
答案：C　
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“As students progress through the mathematics courses, girls and boys show little difference in ability, effort, or interest in mathematics until adolescent years when course and career choices begin influencing school effort. Then, as social pressure increases and career goals are formed, girls' decisions to reduce effort in the study of mathematics progressively cut them off from many professional careers in the future.”可知，选项A是在以数学为基础的职业中，男性数量显著超过女性的原因之一；
根据第三段最后一句可知B项是原因之一；再根据第二段第三句“Women perform virtually as well as men in college mathematics courses, but beyond the bachelor's degree women drop out of mathematics at twice the rate of men.”可知，选项D也是原因之一。由此可知，选项C不是产生这一现象的原因。Section Ⅱ　Using language
要点精研·探究学习
1)admission n．(机构，组织等的)准许，加入，承认，入场券)
Admission to British universities depends on examination results.英国大学入学以考试成绩为凭证。
How do we gain admission to the Buckingham Palace
我们怎样才能获准进入白金汉宫？
She admitted having read the letter without my permission.
她承认未经我的允许读了这封信。
You will not be admitted to the theatre after the performance has started.表演开始之后你将不能进入剧院。
admit v. 承认；允许……进入；接纳
admit (to) sth./doing sth./having done sth.
承认某事/做某事/做过某事
be admitted into/to 被接纳进入；被录取到
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Tom applied for ________ (admit) to the graduate programme at Northwestern University but wasn't admitted ________ it at last.
②His son failed to gain ________ (admit) to the cinema because only one person is admitted ________ it by one ticket.
③He refused to admit ________ (steal) the car.
2)participation n．参加，参与　participate v. 参加，参与　participant n．参加者，参与者)
We want more participation in the decision making.
我们想更多地参与决策。
You are expected to be an active participant.
你应该成为一名积极的参与者。
I'll have to participate in a sporting activity that day.
那天我必须去参加一项体育活动。
Encouraged by the teacher, the participants actively participated in the English speech contest. Their participation inspired the rest of the class to study hard.
在老师的鼓励下，参与者们积极参加了英语演讲比赛。他们的参与激励了班上其他同学努力学习。
[用法比较]　不一样的“参加”
participate in/take part in the sports meeting/the Olympic Games
参加运动会/奥运会
join the Army/League/Party参军/入团/入党
attend the meeting/ceremony/wedding
出席会议/出席仪式/参加婚礼
attend school/class上学/上课
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Rocket launching is a complicated process which requires ________ (participate) of numerous staff members.
②During the last three decades, the number of people participating ________ physical fitness programs has increased sharply.
选词填空(participate in/take part in/join/attend)
③To his satisfaction, his son ________________ the Army in the end.
④Though disabled, he often ________________ some social activities in the community.
⑤He hurriedly left to ________________ the meeting to be held in the meeting room.
3)make up one's mind 做出决定，拿定主意，下定决心)
(教材原句)I can't make up my mind what the right thing to do is.我无法决定做什么是正确的。
Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.
一旦她下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。
That brings to mind a wonderful poem by Riokin.
那使我想起了里奥金的一首令人赞叹的诗。
Bear in mind that only by working hard can we achieve our ambitions.记住：我们只有努力工作才能实现我们的抱负。
Always keep in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.
永远记住，你的主要任务是让这家公司正常运转。
make up one's mind to do sth. 决心做某事
change one's mind 改变主意
bear/keep... in mind＝bear/keep in mind that...
把……记在心上，记住……
[名师点津]　
bring... to mind使想起……
keep one's mind on...
把注意力集中于……，专心于……
go out of one's mind/lose one's mind
精神失常；极为担心
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Although he was very stubborn, I made up my mind ________ (persuade) him.
②He is always keeping what his mother told him ________ mind.
③The painting brings ________ mind some of Picasso's early works.
4)pass up放过，放弃，错过(机会))
(教材原句)I think it would be a great pity to pass up the opportunity to be admitted without taking the exam.
我认为错过了这次不参加考试就被录取的机会是非常遗憾的。
Young people should never pass up the opportunity to go to university.年轻人永远不应该放弃上大学的机会。
The story is passed down from generation to generation in the village.这个故事在村里代代相传。
Pass the book on to me when you've finished reading it.
你看完那本书后请传给我。
While they were traveling, they happened to pass by a river.
他们在旅行的时候，恰巧经过一条河。
pass away 去世(委婉说法)
pass by 经过；走过；错过
pass down 把……传给后人
pass... on to... 把……传给……
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Mary thought I had lost my mind to pass ________ such an opportunity.
②He has made up his mind to be independent ever since his father passed ________．
③That taught me a valuable lesson and I pass it ________ to the people who work in the market.
完成句子
④从不放过任何一次快乐旅行的机会。
Never ________________a chance to promote your product.
5)put off 推迟……，使……延期)
(教材原句)Can you put off making a decision until you've spoken to your high school advisor
你能和你的高中指导老师谈过之后再做决定吗？
We put some money aside every month for our retirement.
我们每月都存一些钱供退休后使用。
How can you put up with such a person who is always changing his mind
你怎么能容忍这样一个老是改变主意的人呢？
I can't put off going to the dentist any longer.
我不能再拖着不去看牙医了。
Never put off what should be done today till tomorrow.
今日事，今日毕。
put aside 不考虑；储存
put away 把……收拾起来
put down 放下；写下；镇压
put forward 提出，提议；将……提前
put on 穿上；上演
put out 扑灭，熄灭；出版
put up 举起；建造；张贴；提高；
留(某人)住在家中
put up with 容忍，忍受
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I put off ________ (go) to the doctor but I wish I hadn't.
②You should teach your kids to put ________ some money every month.
③What you should do the here and now is to put ________ a sign to look for information for your lost pet dog.
④What impressed me most was that he put ________ his own business to help me.
⑤The match has been put ________ until tomorrow because of the bad weather.
6)weigh up 仔细考虑，权衡)
(教材原句)Then we can weigh up the options and try to come to a decision.然后我们可以权衡一下选择，试着做出决定。
You have to weigh up in your mind whether to hire a detective.你得在心中权衡一下是否要雇一个私家侦探。
She doesn't want to pass up the chance to lose some weight.她不想错过减肥的机会。
He's put on/gained weight since he gave up smoking.
他戒烟后体重增加了。
weigh v. 重量是……；称……的重量；认真考虑，权衡
weight n. 重量；体重
by weight 按重量
put on/gain weight 体重增加，变胖
lose weight 体重减轻，变瘦
watch one's weight 控制体重
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①After weighing ________ all the possible choices, he made the final decision.
②Bananas are sold ________ weight.
③I am wondering why I put ________ weight so easily.
完成句子
④He ________________ (权衡) his chances of escape, and decided to wait for a better moment.
识记下列重要短语,
①at dawn 在黎明时
②free of worries 无忧无虑
③after graduation 毕业之后
④have second thoughts 犹豫，产生怀疑
⑤reject... out of hand 坚决拒绝
⑥apply for 申请
动词的时态——现在完成时、现在完成进行时、过去完成时、过去进行时、将来进行时
语法新知·衔接课堂
一、语法现象感知
①It has been six years since we last saw each other.
②You know, I have seen quite a lot of China and I have visited some beautiful cities.
③In 1996, I moved to Canada with my husband and I have been living there since then.
④She has been performing concerts every day since last month.
⑤Hopefully I will be living somewhere completely different in ten years.
⑥I think that she will be working on this experiment until next morning.
⑦Before Tom volunteered to direct the traffic, he had had lots of jobs.
⑧We were having a class meeting from 7 to 9 last night.
二、语法规则理解
1．①②句用了________时态。
2．③④句用了________时态。
3．⑤⑥句用了将来进行时态。
4．⑦句用了过去完成时态。
5．⑧句用了________时态。
语法探究·核心突破
一、现在完成时
(一)概念及构成
现在完成时表示到目前为止已经完成的动作或存在的状态，它强调的是结果，而不是动作。
现在完成时的构成：have/has＋过去分词。
(二)用法
1．表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。可以表示最近完成的动作，也可以表示经历或经验。常与already, just, recently, so far, up to now, till now, ever, never等连用。
I have already finished all the work.
我已经完成了所有的工作。
Mr Smith has just left.
史密斯先生刚离开。
2．表示过去已经开始、持续到现在(可能还会继续进行下去)的动作或状态，常和表示一段时间的状语连用，如for, since, these days, this year, now等。
We have been good friends since we were very young.
我们从小就是好朋友。
Mary went to Japan last year. And I have not heard from her ever since.
玛丽去年去了日本，从那以后我就再也没有收到过她的来信了。
3．在时间、条件等状语从句中，代替将来完成时。
Once you have promised, you should keep it.
你一旦许下诺言，就务必遵守。
As long as you have cleaned all the windows, you are allowed to play.
只要你把所有的窗户擦完，你就可以玩了。
(三)现在完成时与一般过去时的用法区别
现在完成时强调的是过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。连用的时间状语与现在的时间有关，不与表示过去的时间状语连用；一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在的情况没有关系。与表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, in the past, ago等。
I lived in London for two years.
我在伦敦住过两年。(现在不在伦敦)
I have lived in London for two years.
我在伦敦已住了两年了。(现在还在伦敦)
二、现在完成进行时
(一)概念及构成
现在完成进行时是兼有现在完成时和现在进行时二者基本特点的时态。由于它有现在完成时的特点，所以它可以表示某一动作对现在产生的结果或影响；由于它又有现在进行时的特点，所以它也可以表示某一动作的延续性、临时性、重复性、生动性乃至感彩。
现在完成进行时的构成：have/has＋been＋现在分词。
(二)用法
1．表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作，这个动作是否继续下去，则由上下文决定。它常与表示和现在有关的一段时间的状语连用，如all the time, this week, this month, all night, all the morning，these days，for＋时间段，since＋时间点等连用，还与疑问词how long连用。
I have been waiting for you here for an hour.
我已经在这儿等了你一个小时。
2．表示一直到说话时为止的一段时间内一再重复发生的动作。
You have been saying that for five years.
这话你已经说了五年了。
We have been seeing each other quite a lot recently.最近我们经常见面。
(三)现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别
1．现在完成进行时一般强调过去发生的动作现在仍在继续；现在完成时强调过去发生的动作现在已经完成或表示曾经发生过。
I have been writing an article.
我一直在写一篇文章。(仍在写)
I have written an article.
我已写好了一篇文章。(已完成)
2．现在完成进行时表示刚刚结束的动作，强调动作在不久前持续进行，带有感彩；现在完成时表示已经结束的动作，强调动作的结果，无感彩。
Where have you been We have been looking for you everywhere.
你到哪里去了？我们到处找你。(表示刚刚结束的动作)
We have looked for him, but haven't found him.
我们找过他，但没有找到。(表示动作已结束，强调动作的结果)
3．现在完成进行时往往表示动作在重复；现在完成时则常常不带重复性。
Have you been meeting her lately
你最近一直在见她吗？(有“经常见面”之意)
Have you met her lately
你最近见过她吗？(则没有)
三、过去完成时
(一)概念及构成
过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作，对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或是结果，用来指在另一个过去行动之前就已经完成了的事件。
过去完成时的构成：had＋过去分词。
(二)用法
1．表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前完成了的动作，即表示“过去的过去”。这个过去的时刻常用by, before等介词短语或时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可以通过上下文来表示。
He had learned English for a few years before he went to the United States.
在去美国之前，他已学习了几年英语。
2．表示从过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for，since构成的时间状语连用。
I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.
当公交车终于来了的时候，我在车站已等了20分钟。
He said he had worked in that factory since 1949.
他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。
3．叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时，常使用过去完成时。
Mr Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine.
史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好友。
I didn't know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson well.
我对动词一无所知，因为我没有好好学习功课。
4．在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述的是过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。
I returned the book that I had borrowed.
我归还了我借的书。
She found the key that she had lost.
她找到了她丢的那把钥匙。
5．过去完成时常常用在宾语从句(或间接引语)中，这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。
He said that he had known her well.
他说他很熟悉她。
I thought I had sent the letter a week before.
我认为我一星期前就把信寄出去了。
四、过去进行时
(一)概念及构成
过去进行时表示过去在某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作或状态。
过去进行时的构成：was/were＋现在分词。
(二)用法
1．表示在过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在发生的动作。
I was having a shower at that time.
那时我正在冲澡。
She was having an English class from 7 to 8 last night.
昨天晚上7点到8点她正在上英语课。
2．某些非延续性动词，如go, come, start, leave, return等用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。
She wanted to know when we were starting this task.
她想知道我们什么时候开始这项任务。
3．在语境中的运用。
I waved to her but she wasn't looking.
我向她挥手但她没往这边瞧。
She didn't hear the doorbell. She was listening to the radio.
她没听见门铃响，她在听收音机。
(微点拨)　与always， forever， frequently等副词连用，可表示某种感彩。,She was forever complaining.,她老是抱怨。（厌烦）,She was always thinking of others.,她老是想着别人。（赞扬）
五、将来进行时
(一)概念及构成
将来进行时表示将来某一时间段正在进行的动作、预料要发生的或即将发生的动作。
将来进行时的构成：shall/will＋be＋现在分词。(shall用于第一人称单、复数I和we; will可用于各人称。美式英语中所有的人称都用will。)
(二)用法
1．表示将来某一时刻或某一时间内正在进行的动作：
At this time tomorrow we will be driving on the way home.
明天这个时候我们将正在回家的路上。
What will you be doing at eight o'clock this evening
今天晚上8点你将在干什么？
At this time tomorrow I shall be flying to London.
明天这个时候我将在飞往伦敦的途中。
2．表示预料中要发生的动作。
Hurry up! The guests will be arriving at any minute!
快！客人随时会来！
3．表示按计划安排要发生的动作，此时不带感彩，有时表示委婉的语气。
I will be seeing you next week.
我下个星期来看你。
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.短语填空
at dawn, due to, participate in, make up one's mind, weigh up, free admission, put off, out of hand, apply for, pass up, have no second thoughts, be suitable for
1．They set off ____________ and ultimately arrived at the final destination.
2．Once he ____________ ，nothing can make him have second thoughts.
3．Having already ____________ many precious opportunities, he made up his mind to grasp this one.
4．The brave soldier ____________ as he took action to attack the enemy.
5．Since his boyhood, he has been taught never to ____________ until tomorrow what he can do today.
6．The trainee was so stubborn that she just rejected my suggestion ____________．
7．They carefully ____________ the consequence of such an event and then took action.
8．The art museum will offer ____________ to all of you who are interested in the fascinating historical treasure spanning 500 years.
9．With her encouragement, he ____________ a job with the company only to be rejected out of hand.
10．I hope my background and qualifications ____________ admission to Kingston University.
11．I think part of his downfall is ____________ his unbridled ambition for power and money.
12．When I wanted to go backwards, he encouraged me to ____________ the competition.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．At 7 o'clock this evening we ____________ (celebrate) Tom's birthday.
2．Mr Yang is not at home. He ____________ (go) to Shanghai on business.
3．When Jane arrived at the station, her whole family ____________ (wait) for her there.
4．By the end of yesterday, we ____________ (receive) over 1，000 letters from all over the world.
5．Every means ____________ (try) to solve the problem, but none of them worked.
6．This is the most interesting party that I ________ (enjoy).
7．This time tomorrow you ____________ (sit) there doing some more exercise.
8．Lily ____________ (consider) going back to school, but she hasn't decided yet.
9．It is the first time that he ____________ (leave) his country.
10．No sooner ____________ (have) he come into the room than it began to rain heavily.
Section Ⅱ　Using language
要点精研·探究学习
1．①admission; to/into　②admission; to/into　③stealing/having stolen
2．①participation　②in　③joined　④participates in/takes part in　⑤attend
3．①to persuade　②in　③to
4．①up　②away　③on　④pass up
5．①going　②aside　③up　④aside　⑤off
6．①up　②by　③on　④weighed up
动词的时态——现在完成时、现在完成进行时、
过去完成时、过去进行时、将来进行时
语法新知·衔接课堂
二、
1．现在完成
2．现在完成进行
5．过去进行
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.短语填空
1．at dawn　2.makes up his mind　3.passed up　4.had no second thoughts　5.put off　6.out of hand　7.weighed up　8.free admissions　9.applied for　10.are suitable for　11.due to
12．participate in
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．will be celebrating　2.has gone　3.were waiting　4.had received　5.had been tried　6.have enjoyed　7.will be sitting
8．has been considering　9.has left　10.had(共96张PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Using language
01.要点精研·探究学习
02.语法新知·衔接课堂
03.课时达标·随堂自测
04.课时作业（二）
内容
索引
01.要点精研·探究学习
1)admission n．(机构，组织等的)准许，加入，承认，入场券)
Admission to British universities depends on examination results.英国大学入学以考试成绩为凭证。
How do we gain admission to the Buckingham Palace
我们怎样才能获准进入白金汉宫？
She admitted having read the letter without my permission.
她承认未经我的允许读了这封信。
You will not be admitted to the theatre after the performance has started.表演开始之后你将不能进入剧院。
admit v. 承认；允许……进入；接纳
admit (to) sth./doing sth./having done sth. 承认某事/做某事/做过某事
be admitted into/to 被接纳进入；被录取到
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Tom applied for ________ (admit) to the graduate programme at Northwestern University but wasn't admitted ________ it at last.
②His son failed to gain ________ (admit) to the cinema because only one person is admitted ________ it by one ticket.
③He refused to admit ________________ (steal) the car.
admission
to/into
admission
to/into
stealing/having stolen
2)participation n．参加，参与　participate v. 参加，参与　participant n．参加者，参与者)
We want more participation in the decision making.
我们想更多地参与决策。
You are expected to be an active participant.
你应该成为一名积极的参与者。
I'll have to participate in a sporting activity that day.
那天我必须去参加一项体育活动。
Encouraged by the teacher, the participants actively participated in the English speech contest. Their participation inspired the rest of the class to study hard.
在老师的鼓励下，参与者们积极参加了英语演讲比赛。他们的参与激励了班上其他同学努力学习。
[用法比较]　不一样的“参加”
participate in/take part in the sports meeting/the Olympic Games
参加运动会/奥运会
join the Army/League/Party参军/入团/入党
attend the meeting/ceremony/wedding
出席会议/出席仪式/参加婚礼
attend school/class上学/上课
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Rocket launching is a complicated process which requires ________ (participate) of numerous staff members.
②During the last three decades, the number of people participating ________ physical fitness programs has increased sharply.
participation
in
选词填空(participate in/take part in/join/attend)
③To his satisfaction, his son ________________ the Army in the end.
④Though disabled, he often _____________________ some social activities in the community.
⑤He hurriedly left to ________________ the meeting to be held in the meeting room.
joined
participates in/takes part in
attend
3)make up one's mind 做出决定，拿定主意，下定决心)
(教材原句)I can't make up my mind what the right thing to do is.我无法决定做什么是正确的。
Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.
一旦她下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。
That brings to mind a wonderful poem by Riokin.
那使我想起了里奥金的一首令人赞叹的诗。
Bear in mind that only by working hard can we achieve our ambitions.记住：我们只有努力工作才能实现我们的抱负。
Always keep in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.
永远记住，你的主要任务是让这家公司正常运转。
make up one's mind to do sth. 决心做某事
change one's mind 改变主意
bear/keep... in mind＝bear/keep in mind that...
把……记在心上，记住……
[名师点津]　
bring... to mind使想起……
keep one's mind on...
把注意力集中于……，专心于……
go out of one's mind/lose one's mind精神失常；极为担心
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Although he was very stubborn, I made up my mind ________ (persuade) him.
②He is always keeping what his mother told him ________ mind.
③The painting brings ________ mind some of Picasso's early works.
to persuade
in
to
4)pass up放过，放弃，错过(机会))
(教材原句)I think it would be a great pity to pass up the opportunity to be admitted without taking the exam.
我认为错过了这次不参加考试就被录取的机会是非常遗憾的。
Young people should never pass up the opportunity to go to university.年轻人永远不应该放弃上大学的机会。
The story is passed down from generation to generation in the village.这个故事在村里代代相传。
Pass the book on to me when you've finished reading it.
你看完那本书后请传给我。
While they were traveling, they happened to pass by a river.
他们在旅行的时候，恰巧经过一条河。
pass away 去世(委婉说法)
pass by 经过；走过；错过
pass down 把……传给后人
pass... on to... 把……传给……
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Mary thought I had lost my mind to pass ________ such an opportunity.
②He has made up his mind to be independent ever since his father passed ________．
③That taught me a valuable lesson and I pass it ________ to the people who work in the market.
up
away
on
完成句子
④从不放过任何一次快乐旅行的机会。
Never ________________a chance to promote your product.
pass up
5)put off 推迟……，使……延期)
(教材原句)Can you put off making a decision until you've spoken to your high school advisor 你能和你的高中指导老师谈过之后再做决定吗？
We put some money aside every month for our retirement.
我们每月都存一些钱供退休后使用。
How can you put up with such a person who is always changing his mind
你怎么能容忍这样一个老是改变主意的人呢？
I can't put off going to the dentist any longer.
我不能再拖着不去看牙医了。
Never put off what should be done today till tomorrow.
今日事，今日毕。
put aside 不考虑；储存
put away 把……收拾起来
put down 放下；写下；镇压
put forward 提出，提议；将……提前
put on 穿上；上演
put out 扑灭，熄灭；出版
put up 举起；建造；张贴；提高； 留(某人)住在家中
put up with 容忍，忍受
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I put off ________ (go) to the doctor but I wish I hadn't.
②You should teach your kids to put ________ some money every month.
③What you should do the here and now is to put ________ a sign to look for information for your lost pet dog.
④What impressed me most was that he put ________ his own business to help me.
⑤The match has been put ________ until tomorrow because of the bad weather.
going
aside
up
aside
off
6)weigh up 仔细考虑，权衡)
(教材原句)Then we can weigh up the options and try to come to a decision.然后我们可以权衡一下选择，试着做出决定。
You have to weigh up in your mind whether to hire a detective.你得在心中权衡一下是否要雇一个私家侦探。
She doesn't want to pass up the chance to lose some weight.她不想错过减肥的机会。
He's put on/gained weight since he gave up smoking.他戒烟后体重增加了。
weigh v. 重量是……；称……的重量；认真考虑，权衡
weight n. 重量；体重
by weight 按重量
put on/gain weight 体重增加，变胖
lose weight 体重减轻，变瘦
watch one's weight 控制体重
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①After weighing ________ all the possible choices, he made the final decision.
②Bananas are sold ________ weight.
③I am wondering why I put ________ weight so easily.
完成句子
④He ________________ (权衡) his chances of escape, and decided to wait for a better moment.
up
by
on
weighed up
识记下列重要短语,
①at dawn 在黎明时
②free of worries 无忧无虑
③after graduation 毕业之后
④have second thoughts 犹豫，产生怀疑
⑤reject... out of hand 坚决拒绝
⑥apply for 申请
动词的时态——现在完成时、现在完成进行时、过去完成时、过去进行时、将来进行时
02.语法新知·衔接课堂
一、语法现象感知
①It has been six years since we last saw each other.
②You know, I have seen quite a lot of China and I have visited some beautiful cities.
③In 1996, I moved to Canada with my husband and I have been living there since then.
④She has been performing concerts every day since last month.
⑤Hopefully I will be living somewhere completely different in ten years.
⑥I think that she will be working on this experiment until next morning.
⑦Before Tom volunteered to direct the traffic, he had had lots of jobs.
⑧We were having a class meeting from 7 to 9 last night.
二、语法规则理解
1．①②句用了________时态。
2．③④句用了_____________时态。
3．⑤⑥句用了将来进行时态。
4．⑦句用了过去完成时态。
5．⑧句用了________时态。
现在完成
现在完成进行
过去进行
语法探究·核心突破
一、现在完成时
(一)概念及构成
现在完成时表示到目前为止已经完成的动作或存在的状态，它强调的是结果，而不是动作。
现在完成时的构成：have/has＋过去分词。
(二)用法
1．表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。可以表示最近完成的动作，也可以表示经历或经验。常与already, just, recently, so far, up to now, till now, ever, never等连用。
I have already finished all the work.我已经完成了所有的工作。
Mr Smith has just left.史密斯先生刚离开。
2．表示过去已经开始、持续到现在(可能还会继续进行下去)的动作或状态，常和表示一段时间的状语连用，如for, since, these days, this year, now等。
We have been good friends since we were very young.
我们从小就是好朋友。
Mary went to Japan last year. And I have not heard from her ever since.
玛丽去年去了日本，从那以后我就再也没有收到过她的来信了。
3．在时间、条件等状语从句中，代替将来完成时。
Once you have promised, you should keep it.
你一旦许下诺言，就务必遵守。
As long as you have cleaned all the windows, you are allowed to play.
只要你把所有的窗户擦完，你就可以玩了。
(三)现在完成时与一般过去时的用法区别
现在完成时强调的是过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。连用的时间状语与现在的时间有关，不与表示过去的时间状语连用；一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在的情况没有关系。与表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, in the past, ago等。
I lived in London for two years.
我在伦敦住过两年。(现在不在伦敦)
I have lived in London for two years.
我在伦敦已住了两年了。(现在还在伦敦)
二、现在完成进行时
(一)概念及构成
现在完成进行时是兼有现在完成时和现在进行时二者基本特点的时态。由于它有现在完成时的特点，所以它可以表示某一动作对现在产生的结果或影响；由于它又有现在进行时的特点，所以它也可以表示某一动作的延续性、临时性、重复性、生动性乃至感彩。
现在完成进行时的构成：have/has＋been＋现在分词。
(二)用法
1．表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作，这个动作是否继续下去，则由上下文决定。它常与表示和现在有关的一段时间的状语连用，如all the time, this week, this month, all night, all the morning，these days，for＋时间段，since＋时间点等连用，还与疑问词how long连用。
I have been waiting for you here for an hour.
我已经在这儿等了你一个小时。
2．表示一直到说话时为止的一段时间内一再重复发生的动作。
You have been saying that for five years.
这话你已经说了五年了。
We have been seeing each other quite a lot recently.最近我们经常见面。
(三)现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别
1．现在完成进行时一般强调过去发生的动作现在仍在继续；现在完成时强调过去发生的动作现在已经完成或表示曾经发生过。
I have been writing an article.
我一直在写一篇文章。(仍在写)
I have written an article.
我已写好了一篇文章。(已完成)
2．现在完成进行时表示刚刚结束的动作，强调动作在不久前持续进行，带有感彩；现在完成时表示已经结束的动作，强调动作的结果，无感彩。
Where have you been We have been looking for you everywhere.
你到哪里去了？我们到处找你。(表示刚刚结束的动作)
We have looked for him, but haven't found him.
我们找过他，但没有找到。(表示动作已结束，强调动作的结果)
3．现在完成进行时往往表示动作在重复；现在完成时则常常不带重复性。
Have you been meeting her lately
你最近一直在见她吗？(有“经常见面”之意)
Have you met her lately
你最近见过她吗？(则没有)
三、过去完成时
(一)概念及构成
过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作，对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或是结果，用来指在另一个过去行动之前就已经完成了的事件。
过去完成时的构成：had＋过去分词。
(二)用法
1．表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前完成了的动作，即表示“过去的过去”。这个过去的时刻常用by, before等介词短语或时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可以通过上下文来表示。
He had learned English for a few years before he went to the United States.
在去美国之前，他已学习了几年英语。
2．表示从过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for，since构成的时间状语连用。
I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.
当公交车终于来了的时候，我在车站已等了20分钟。
He said he had worked in that factory since 1949.
他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。
3．叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时，常使用过去完成时。
Mr Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine.
史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好友。
I didn't know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson well.
我对动词一无所知，因为我没有好好学习功课。
4．在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述的是过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。
I returned the book that I had borrowed.
我归还了我借的书。
She found the key that she had lost.
她找到了她丢的那把钥匙。
5．过去完成时常常用在宾语从句(或间接引语)中，这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。
He said that he had known her well.
他说他很熟悉她。
I thought I had sent the letter a week before.
我认为我一星期前就把信寄出去了。
四、过去进行时
(一)概念及构成
过去进行时表示过去在某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作或状态。
过去进行时的构成：was/were＋现在分词。
(二)用法
1．表示在过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在发生的动作。
I was having a shower at that time.那时我正在冲澡。
She was having an English class from 7 to 8 last night.
昨天晚上7点到8点她正在上英语课。
2．某些非延续性动词，如go, come, start, leave, return等用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。
She wanted to know when we were starting this task.
她想知道我们什么时候开始这项任务。
3．在语境中的运用。
I waved to her but she wasn't looking.我向她挥手但她没往这边瞧。
She didn't hear the doorbell. She was listening to the radio.
她没听见门铃响，她在听收音机。
(微点拨)　与always， forever， frequently等副词连用，可表示某种感彩。,She was forever complaining.,她老是抱怨。（厌烦）,She was always thinking of others.,她老是想着别人。（赞扬）
五、将来进行时
(一)概念及构成
将来进行时表示将来某一时间段正在进行的动作、预料要发生的或即将发生的动作。
将来进行时的构成：shall/will＋be＋现在分词。(shall用于第一人称单、复数I和we; will可用于各人称。美式英语中所有的人称都用will。)
(二)用法
1．表示将来某一时刻或某一时间内正在进行的动作：
At this time tomorrow we will be driving on the way home.
明天这个时候我们将正在回家的路上。
What will you be doing at eight o'clock this evening
今天晚上8点你将在干什么？
At this time tomorrow I shall be flying to London.
明天这个时候我将在飞往伦敦的途中。
2．表示预料中要发生的动作。
Hurry up! The guests will be arriving at any minute!
快！客人随时会来！
3．表示按计划安排要发生的动作，此时不带感彩，有时表示委婉的语气。
I will be seeing you next week.
我下个星期来看你。
03.课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.短语填空
at dawn, due to, participate in, make up one's mind, weigh up, free admission, put off, out of hand, apply for, pass up, have no second thoughts, be suitable for
1．They set off ____________ and ultimately arrived at the final destination.
2．Once he __________________ ，nothing can make him have second thoughts.
at dawn
makes up his mind　
3．Having already ____________ many precious opportunities, he made up his mind to grasp this one.
4．The brave soldier _________________ as he took action to attack the enemy.
5．Since his boyhood, he has been taught never to ____________ until tomorrow what he can do today.
passed up
had no second thoughts
put off
6．The trainee was so stubborn that she just rejected my suggestion ____________．
7．They carefully ____________ the consequence of such an event and then took action.
8．The art museum will offer ____________ to all of you who are interested in the fascinating historical treasure spanning 500 years.
9．With her encouragement, he ____________ a job with the company only to be rejected out of hand.
out of hand
weighed up
free admissions
applied for
10．I hope my background and qualifications ____________ admission to Kingston University.
11．I think part of his downfall is ____________ his unbridled ambition for power and money.
12．When I wanted to go backwards, he encouraged me to ____________ the competition.
are suitable for
due to
participate in
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．At 7 o'clock this evening we ____________ (celebrate) Tom's birthday.
2．Mr Yang is not at home. He ____________ (go) to Shanghai on business.
3．When Jane arrived at the station, her whole family ____________ (wait) for her there.
4．By the end of yesterday, we ____________ (receive) over 1，000 letters from all over the world.
will be celebrating
has gone
were waiting
had received
5．Every means ____________ (try) to solve the problem, but none of them worked.
6．This is the most interesting party that I ___________ (enjoy).
7．This time tomorrow you ____________ (sit) there doing some more exercise.
8．Lily ________________ (consider) going back to school, but she hasn't decided yet.
had been tried　
have enjoyed
will be sitting
has been considering
9．It is the first time that he ____________ (leave) his country.
10．No sooner ____________ (have) he come into the room than it began to rain heavily.
has left
had
04.课时作业（二）
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．By her own ________ (admit), she was responsible for the complex accident.
2．Your ________ (participate) will contribute a lot to our future commercial cooperation.
admission
解析：句意：她自己承认，这个复杂的事故应该由她负责。admission n．“承认；坦白；准许进入；入场费”，在句中own为其定语。
participation
解析：句意：你们的参与将会极大地促进我们今后的商业合作。根据形容词物主代词your可以推断空格处用名词，participation n．参加，参与。
3．The purse found in the undergrowth matches the ________ (describe) by Mary, so it must be hers.
4．If it is qualified ocean ___________ (entertain) that you are looking for, come here!
description
解析：句意：在灌木丛中发现的钱包和玛丽描述的相吻合，因此钱包一定是玛丽的。description n. “描写，描述，记述；形容；种类”，在本句中的意思为“描述”。
entertainment
解析：句意：如果它就是你寻找的合格的海洋娱乐，那就到这里来吧！ entertainment n．“娱乐；消遣；招待；款待；招待会”。
5．The detective's ________ (act) always accord well with his principles.
6．Give Mary my ______________ (congratulate) sincerely and tell her I'll come soon.
actions
解析：句意：这个侦探的行动总是和他的原则很相符。action n．“行动，活动”，根据句中谓语accord可以推断这里用复数形式。
congratulations
解析：句意：替我真诚地恭喜玛丽并转告她我很快就来了。congratulation n. “祝贺，恭喜”，常常用作复数形式。
7．I'll weigh up whether to attend the meeting without ________ (invite).
8．A new complex technique _____________ (apply), the profits as a whole increased by about 30 percent.
invitation
解析：句意：我要仔细考虑是否参加未被邀请的会议。without是介词，后接名词。
having been applied　
解析：句意：由于采用了新的复杂工艺，收益总体上增加了大约百分之三十。本题考查独立主格结构。a new complex technique与apply是被动关系，而本句的非谓语动词的动作又发生在谓语动词之前，所以应用having been applied。
9．The trainee would prefer ________ (work) in the office rather than stay at home watching TV.
10．________ (face) with the increasingly severe circumstances, many people went on strike in most of the European countries.
to work
解析：句意：这个实习生宁愿在办公室工作也不待在家里看电视。prefer to do rather than do宁可做……也不做……。
Faced
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：面临愈发严峻的形势，在大多数欧洲国家中，很多人举行罢工。这里用过去分词作状语，faced with＝facing面临……。如果横线后没有with，则可用facing。
Ⅱ.用所给短语的适当形式填空
pass up, participate in, apply for, put off, have second thoughts, reject out of hand, make up one's mind, weigh up
1．To our surprise, all our suggestions were ____________ by the detective.
2．She has ____________ to give a bullfighting party, but has not yet determined the guests to be invited.
3．Never ____________ the good opportunity to improve your English.
rejected out of hand
made up her mind
pass up
4．I had never ________________ about my decision to take action to leave the company.
5．Because of a flood in the city, the correspondent had to ____________ his wedding.
6．You have to ____________ whether a person's life is more important than an animal's life and then take action.
had second thoughts
put off　
weigh up
7．Every student is expected to ____________ the school activities actively in our class ultimately.
8．Interested in the position advertised in your commercial, I'm now writing to ____________ it.
participate in
apply for
Ⅲ.语法专练——单句语法填空
1．“Life is like walking in the snow，” Granny used to say sincerely, “because every step ________ (show).”
shows
解析：句意：奶奶过去常常发自内心地说：“生活就像踏雪而行，因为每一步都会留下足迹。”奶奶说的话是生活哲理，所以用一般现在时。
2．Along the way, the detective met and ________ (talk) to ordinary people, dancers and musicians.
3．My parents have ultimately promised to come to see me before I ________ (leave) for Africa.
talked
解析：句意：一路上，侦探遇到了普通人、舞蹈家和音乐家，并与他们交谈。and连接两个并列的谓语动词，该空和前面的met并列，故也用一般过去时。
leave　
解析：句意：我父母最后已经答应在我出发去非洲之前来看我。由主句的句意判断，从句表示的动作是将要发生的，而时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来意义。
4．—Have you been to the historical city
—Yes，only once. I ________ (stay) there only for seven days.
5．She said the reason why she did it was that no one ________ (offer) her any refreshments.
stayed
解析：根据“Have you been to the historical city Yes, only once.”可知“我”去过这个历史名城，但已经回来，空格所在句描述的是过去的事，所以应用一般过去时态。
offered
解析：句意：她说她那样做的原因是没人给她提供小点心。根据语境用一般过去时态。
6．I ________________ (think) about what you've said and I've decided to take action.
7．—Peter, where did you guys go for the summer vacation
—We ________ (be) busy with our commercial for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves.
have been thinking　
解析：句意：我一直都在考虑你所说的话而且我已经决定采取行动。用现在完成进行时表示动作由过去的某一刻开始持续，直到说话的时候才刚好结束。
had been
解析：句意：“彼得，你们去哪里过的暑假？”“我们几个月来一直忙于我们的商业广告，所以我们去了海滨放松了一下。”根据句意可知“一直忙”是在“去海滨度假”之前已经结束了的状态，故用过去完成时。
8．—I hear you ________ (work) in a pub. What's it like
—Well, it's very complex work and I'm always tired, but I don't mind.
9．I wonder if you could go with me ________ (watch) the bullfighting.
are working
解析：句意：“我听说你在酒吧里上班，这份工作怎么样？”“哦，这是非常复杂的工作，我总是很累，不过我不介意。”对话所给的语境表明说话人现在还在酒吧里上班，用现在进行时描述现阶段长期重复的一个动作。
to watch
解析：句意：我想知道你能否和我一起去看斗牛。go to do sth.去做某事。
10．—Look! Somebody ________ (clean) the undergrowth.
—Well, it wasn't me. I didn't do it.
11．The detective jumped out of the car, ________ (seize) a boy and pushed him up against the parked car.
has cleaned
解析：句意：“看！ 有人……灌木丛。”“哦，不是我，我没那么做。”根据答语可知，此处指“已清理”，用现在完成时。
seized
解析：句意：那个侦探从汽车里面跳了出来，一把抓住男孩，将其推到停放的汽车边。并列连词and连接三个并列谓语jumped, seized和pushed。
12．Up to now, the program ________ (save) numerous children who would otherwise have died.
13．The book has been translated into numerous languages since it ________ (come) on the market in 1973.
has saved
解析：句意：到目前为止，这项计划已经拯救了许多儿童……
came
解析：句意：自从1973年上市以来，这本书已经被翻译成多种语言。
14．The manager ___________ (tell) the workers how to improve the complex program since 9 am.
15．The president sincerely hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he ________ (start).
has been telling
解析：句意：经理从早上9点开始就一直在不停地告诉工人们如何改进这个复杂的项目。
started
解析：句意：这位总统真诚地希望，人们在他退位时比在他开始执政时过得更好。“执政”的动作发生在过去，用一般过去时。
16．—Did you weigh up what I said
—Sorry. I ___________ (answer) a text message just now.
17．When Alice came to life，she did not know how long she ________ (lie) in the undergrowth.
was answering　
解析：句意：“你考虑我所说的了吗？”“对不起，刚才我正在回复短信。”强调刚才正在进行的动作，用过去进行时。
had been lying
解析：句意：当爱丽丝苏醒过来时，她不知道她在灌木丛里躺了多久了。
18．By the time you have finished this book，your refreshments ________ (get) cold.
19．I feel so excited! At this time tomorrow morning I ________ (fly) to the historical city.
20．On her next birthday, the detective ____________ (be) married for twenty years.
will get
解析：句意：到你看完这本书时，你的茶点就凉了。
will be flying
解析：句意：我太激动了！明天早上这个时候我将正在飞往这个历史名城。
will have been
解析：句意：到她下次生日的时候，这个侦探结婚将有二十年了。
Ⅰ.七选五
Are you truly happy What does it mean to be happy What does it take to achieve happiness __1__ The following are a few tips that I follow to create happiness in my life.
Make a plan for achieving goals that you believe will make you happy. Your moods will very likely increase if you are going after something you value.
__2__ It is easy to begin to think negatively when you are surrounded by people who think that way. On the contrary, if you are around people who are happy, their emotional state will be infectious.
When something goes wrong, try to figure out a solution instead of being absorbed in self pity. Truly happy people don't allow setbacks to affect their mood because they know that with a little thought they can turn the circumstance back to their favor.
Spend a few minutes each day thinking about the things that make you happy. __3__ And this will lead you to continuous happiness.
__4__ Whether you treat yourself to lunch, take a long, relaxing bath or simply spend a few extra minutes on your appearance, you will be subconsciously putting yourself in a better mood.
Finding the humor in situations can also lead to happiness. Find a way to make light of a situation that would otherwise make you happy.
Keeping healthy is another way to achieve happiness.__5__
A．Surround yourself with happy people.
B．There are some tips in life that lead to happiness.
C．Eating healthy foods or being fit can have a great effect on your mood.
D．These few minutes will help you focus on the positive things in your life.
E．What makes you happy may be different from what makes someone else happy.
F．It is also important to take some time each day to do something nice for yourself.
G．These are important questions for anyone who is seeking happiness to ask themselves.
1．答案：G　考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。根据“Are you truly happy What does it mean to be happy？”可知这是寻求幸福的人们问的问题，G选项“These are important questions for anyone who is seeking happiness to ask themselves.(这些是任何寻求快乐的人问自己的重要问题)”符合语境。
2．答案：A　考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。根据本段中的“On the contrary, if you are around people who are happy, their emotional state will be infectious.”可知本段主要是建议大家使自己被一些快乐的人围绕着。A选项“Surround yourself with happy people.(使自己被一些快乐的人围绕)”符合语境。
3．答案：D　考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。本段第一句“Spend a few minutes each day thinking about the things that make you happy.”告诉我们要花几分钟考虑那些让我们高兴的事。因此D选项“These few minutes will help you focus on the positive things in your life.(这几分钟将帮助你把注意力集中在积极的事情上)”符合语境。
4．答案：F　考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。由下句“Whether you treat yourself to lunch, take a long, relaxing bath or simply spend a few extra minutes on your appearance...”可知每天要花时间做一些对自己好的事情，可以让自己心情好起来。F选项“It is also important to take some time each day to do something nice for yourself.”是对做些提升自己心情的事情的肯定，且引出下文。
5．答案：C　考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。根据“Keeping healthy is another way to achieve happiness.”可知此处说明健康能让人情绪好，C选项“Eating healthy foods or being fit can have a great effect on your mood.(吃健康的食物或保持健康对你的心情有巨大的影响)”符合语境。
Ⅱ.语法填空
The idea of a taxi that flies over a traffic jam and drops you home is an exciting proposal. It appears that we are almost there.
German air taxi startup Volocopter will build its first 1.________ (fly) taxi station by the end of this year in Singapore, paving the way for major changes in 2.________ humans will commute in the future. These air taxis, or urban air mobility (UAM) vehicles, are usually 3.________ (electrical) powered taxis based on drone (无人机) technology 4.________ (design) to carry two people. The aim of the technology is 5.________ (save) people time and help cities transform their transportation systems toward a more sustainable future by adding a new mobility option for citizens.
Many companies, including Uber, 6.________ (compete) fiercely in this space now. Chinese automaker Geely led a round of investment worth 50 million euros 7.________ will help the startup finance its commercialization in the next three years. Li Shufu, chairman of Geely Holding, said, “Our latest work 8.________ Volocopter builds up our confidence in Volocopter air taxis as the next 9.________ (ambition) step in our wider expansion in both electrification and new mobility services.” “It definitely still seems to be unusual, 10.________ at the same time it is not completely unexpected，” he added.
Still, practical problems remain unsolved, such as getting the go ahead from regulators and ensuring the trips are safe as many taxis will be flown without pilots.
1．答案：flying　考查形容词。空后taxi station是名词词组，所以此处应填一个形容词，flying意为“飞行的”。
2．答案：how　考查宾语从句。指“人类如何上下班”，表示方式，所以使用how引导宾语从句。
3．答案：electrically　考查副词。修饰are powered，应使用副词形式electrically。
4．答案：designed　考查非谓语动词。drone technology和动词design之间是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。
5．答案：to save　考查非谓语动词。用动词不定式作表语，故填to save。
6．答案：are competing　考查时态。根据now可知句子使用现在进行时，主语many companies是复数，故填are competing。
7．答案：that/which　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是50 million euros，关系词在从句中作主语，可使用that/which引导。

8．答案：with　考查介词。此处表示“与……一起”，使用介词with。故填with。
9．答案：ambitious　考查形容词。形容词ambitious作定语。
10．答案：but　考查连词。结合句意可知，空格前后是转折关系，应使用but连接。Section Ⅳ　Writing——如何写申请信
Part Ⅰ　文体感知
Ⅰ.框架建构：整体理解
1．Skim the application letter and you'll find that you must present the ________ of the writing, provide ____________ and express ________ while writing an application letter.
2．In the passage, the author wishes to apply for the position of a local ________.
Ⅱ.文本剖析：特色表达
Formal greeting Dear Ms Smith
Purpose of the letter I wish to ①________ for the position of a local tour guide.
Personal interest I'm very ②________ with the history of my home city, and have a ③________ for history.
Qualifications required As stated in my attached CV, I can speak both English and French ④________．
Relevant past experience I organised and conducted a ⑤________ of my city for classmates living outside the area.
Ending：contact information I'm contactable via ⑥________ at this address or by phone on 6747 9818.
Formal signing off Josie Davis
Ⅲ.知识点
1)qualified adj.有资格的，合格的，胜任的)
(教材原句)Match the headings to the sections and find out how qualified the applicant is for the job.
把标题和部分匹配起来，弄清申请人有多适合这份工作。
What makes you think that you are qualified for this job
什么使你觉得自己能胜任这份工作？
The guide are qualified to lead groups into the mountains.
这些导游有资格带团进山。
be qualified for 有……的资格，能胜任……
be qualified to do sth. 有资格做某事，能胜任做某事
[单词积累]　
qualify v．使具有资格
qualification n．资格，资历
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I don't think he is qualified ________ such a kind of job.
②I'm not qualified ________ (give) advice on such matters.
③There is a growing need for ________ (qualify) teachers of Business English.
④Helen was occupied with her daily routine, so she had no time to apply for the exam ________ (qualify).
2)fluency n．熟练，流利　fluent adj.流利的；流畅的　fluently adv.流利的)
For one thing, I have developed fluency in spoken English.
首先，我的英语口语流利。
This job requires you to be fluent in English and Spanish.
这份工作要求你能流利地说英语和西班牙语。
with fluency 流利地
fluency in English 英语流利
become/be fluent in 在……方面流利
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①She's stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language ________ (fluent).
②Admission is more likely to be given to those with greater ________ (fluent) in English.
Part Ⅱ　Writing an application letter
1．文体介绍
求职信是英语书面表达中常用的一种应用文，其目的是应聘者向招聘者展示自己的才华、陈述自己的履历，最终争取被录用。求职信的格式同一般书信，也要包括称呼、正文、结尾语、签名等。
2．篇章结构
第一段：说明是从何处获知招聘信息，并提出申请；
第二段：写明自己的学历、能力及相关经验；
第三段：表明自己想得到这份工作的迫切愿望及信心。
3．常用表达
(1)开头常用的句型
?I am writing in response to your advertisement in...of June 8.我写信是应聘6月8日您在……上发布的启事(中的职位)。
?I am writing this letter to apply for the position that you have advertised in...
我写信是申请您在……上发布的职位。
?Your advertised position of...interests me.
您发布的……职位使我很感兴趣。
?I am writing this letter to recommend myself as a qualified candidate for the job of...you have advertised in...
作为一名能够胜任您在……上发布的……一职的求职者，我写信自荐(应聘该职位)。
(2)自我介绍的常用句型
?I'm XXX，a girl/boy aged...and I have just graduated from...
我是XXX，一名……岁的女生/男生，刚毕业于……
?Besides, I once worked as a tour guide for a month and was highly praised for my good service and have rich experience.
此外，我曾做过一个月导游，因服务优良受到高度赞扬，而且我有丰富的经验。
?Growing up in this city, I'm familiar with many beautiful places in Hangzhou.Thus, I'm convinced that I'm qualified for the job.
我在杭州长大，熟悉这座城市的许多美景。因此，我相信自己能胜任这份工作。
(3)结尾常用的句型
?I would be grateful if you could consider employing me in your company/giving me a chance to work for you.
如您能考虑聘用我/给我入职机会，我将十分感激。
?Please inform me when you have come to a decision.I am looking forward to receiving your reply as early as possible.
当您做出决定，烦请告知。期待早日收到您的回复。
?I would be most grateful if you could grant me a personal interview.
如能获得面试机会，我将万分感激。
?Any favourable consideration of my application will be highly appreciated.
如您对我的申请予以任何优先考虑，我将万分感激。
　典题演练
假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1．写信目的；
2．个人优势；
3．能做的事情。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：Chinese Painting Exhibition中国画展览
谋篇布局
遣词造句
完成句子
1．我写信是想申请做中国画展览的志愿者。
I'm writing to ________________ for the Chinese Painting Exhibition.
2．中国画展览将在贵美术馆举办。
The Chinese Painting Exhibition ____________ in your art gallery.
3．我认为我可以胜任这份工作。
I think I ________________ this job.
4．另外，我中英文都很流利，这对介绍中国画很有帮助。
Besides，I ____________ both Chinese and English, and it helps me introduce Chinese paintings.
5．如果我有幸被选为志愿者，我可以带参观者参观画廊，让他们更多地了解中国画。
If I am lucky enough ____________ as a volunteer, I can show visitors around the gallery and get them to know more about Chinese paintings.
句式升级
6．将句1和句2合并为含有不定式作定语的句子。
________________________________________________________________________
7．将句4改为含有非限制性定语从句的主从复合句。
________________________________________________________________________
完美成篇
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Section Ⅳ　Writing——如何写申请信
Part Ⅰ　文体感知
Ⅰ.框架建构：整体理解
1．purpose; personal information; expectation
2．tour guide
Ⅱ.文本剖析：特色表达
①apply　②familiar　③passion　④fluently　⑤tour　⑥email
Ⅲ.知识点
1．①for　②to give　③qualified　④qualification
2．①fluently　②fluency
Part Ⅱ 　Writing an application letter
遣词造句
1．apply to be a volunteer　2.will be held　3.am qualified for
4．am fluent in　5.to be chosen　6.I'm writing to apply to be a volunteer for the Chinese Painting Exhibition to be held in your art gallery.　7.Besides，I am fluent in both Chinese and English, which helps me introduce Chinese paintings.
完美成篇
Dear Sir or Madam，
I'm writing to apply to be a volunteer for the Chinese Painting Exhibition to be held in your art gallery.
I think I am qualified for this job, because I have learned Chinese painting since boyhood. Besides, I am fluent in both Chinese and English, which helps me introduce Chinese paintings. If I am lucky enough to be chosen as a volunteer, I can show visitors around the gallery and get them to know more bout Chinese paintings.
I would be very grateful if you could offer me the opportunity. I'm looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua(共116张PPT)
Unit 1 单元基础知识汇总
01.巧记速背·自查自测
02.单元评价 ·自查自测
03.单元测试卷（一）
内容
索引
01.巧记速背·自查自测
本单元词汇
[黑体部分为重点单词]
boyhood /'b h d/ n. (男性的)童年时期，少年时代
ambition / m'b ( )n/ n. 追求，理想
trainee / tre 'ni / n. 接受工作培训的人；实习生
correspondent / k r 'sp nd nt/ n. 通讯员，记者
bullfighting /'b lfa t / n. 斗牛
historical /h 'st r k( )l/ adj. (有关)历史的
detective /d 'tekt v/ n. 私家侦探
ultimately /' lt m tli/ adv. 最后，最终
dot /d t/ n. 点，小圆点
backwards /'b kw dz/ adv. 往回，往前面
admission / d'm ( )n/ n. 允许进入(加入)
participation /pɑ t s 'pe ( )n/ n. 参加，参与
complex /'k mpleks/ adj. 复杂的
diverge /da 'v d / v. (两条路)岔开，分开
undergrowth /' nd gr θ/ n. (长在大树下或周边的)下木层，下层灌木丛
numerous /'nju m( )r s/ adj. 许多的，很多的
commercial /k 'm ( )l/ n. (电视或电台的)商业广告
thoughtful /'θ tf( )l/ adj. 认真思考的，深思的
symbolize /'s mb la z/ v. 象征，代表
alternative / l't n t v/ n. 可供选择的事物
dilemma /d 'lem / n. 进退两难的境地，困境
arise / 'ra z/ v. (由……)引起
circumstance /'s k mst ns/ n. 情况，情形
mixture /'m kst / n. 混合；混合体
affection / 'fek ( )n/ n. 喜爱，钟爱
(助记)　
①派生　admit v．准许进入，录取；承认＋-sion（名词后缀：表示行为、状态或结果）→admission n．
②派生　participate v．参加，参与＋-ion（名词后缀：表示行为）→participation n．
③对比　“完成”(complete)“复杂的”(complex)工作
④串联　“不同的”(diverse)的两条路在此处“岔开”(diverge)
⑤合成　under adj.较低的，下面的＋growth n．生长物；长成物；产物→undergrowth n．
⑥派生　number n．数字；数量＋-ous（形容词后缀：具有……特征的）→numerous adj.
⑦派生　commerce n．商业，贸易＋-ial（名词后缀：与……有关）→commercial n．
⑧派生　thought n．思考；思想＋-ful（形容词后缀：充满……的）→thoughtful adj.
⑨派生　symbol n．象征＋-ize（动词后缀：使……化）→symbolize v．
⑩合成　“修改”(alter)以便使“当地人”(native)选择“可供选择的事物”(alternative)
对比　arise—arouse：问题“出现”(arise)，这“引起”(arouse)了人们的兴趣
拆分　circle n．圆形；圈子→你的“圈子”(circle)的“情况”(circumstance)如何
派生　mix v．混合＋-ure（名词后缀：表过程、动作或结果）→mixture n．
派生　affect v．影响，打动＋-ion（名词后缀：表示行为或结果）→affection n．
qualified /'kw l fa d/ adj. 合格的，胜任的
fluency /'flu nsi/ n. 熟练，流利
sincerely /s n's li/ adv. 由衷地，真诚地，真心实意地
refreshments /r 'fre m nts/ n. 茶点，点心和饮料
shift / ft/ n. (工厂、医院等轮班制中的)当班时间
(助记)　
①派生　qualify vt.使合格；使具备资格＋-ed （形容词后缀：有……特征的）→qualified adj.（此处qualify中的y变为i，然后加-ed变为形容词）
②拆分　flu（＝flow流）＋-ency （名词后缀：表示性质或状况）→fluency n．
③派生　sincere adj.由衷的；真诚的＋-ly（副词后缀：以……方式）→sincerely adv.
④派生　refresh v．喝（饮料），吃（点心）＋-ment(s)（名词后缀：表示行为的对象）→refreshments n．
本单元短语
in the face of 面对……
be forced to do 被迫做……
pass up 放过，放弃，错过(机会)
put off 推迟……，使……延期
weigh up 仔细考虑，权衡
yours sincerely 谨上，敬上，谨启(用于以某人名字开头的正式信件的末尾)
on a daily basis 每天，每日
for instance 例如
instead of 代替，而不是
take action 采取行动
make up one's mind 做出决定，拿定主意
have second thoughts (对原先的决定)犹豫，产生怀疑
reject... out of hand 坚决拒绝……；彻底否决……
arise from 起因于……
turn down 拒绝；调低(声音等)
02.单元评价 ·自查自测
Ⅰ.单词
1．________ adj.合格的，胜任的
2．________ adv.往回，往前面
3．________ adj.复杂的
4．________ n．可供选择的事物
5．________ v．(由……)引起
6．________ n．情况，情形
7．________ n．喜爱，钟爱
qualified
backwards
complex
alternative
arise
circumstance
affection
8．________ adv.由衷地，真诚地，真心实意地
9．________ adj.许多的，很多的
10．________ n．(工厂、医院等轮班制中的)当班时间
11．________ n．进退两难的境地，困境
12．________ n. 追求，理想→________ adj. 雄心勃勃的，有野心的
13．________ v. 符合，一致；通信→_____________ n. 通讯员，记者
14．________ v. 承认；准许进入；容许→________ n. 允许进入(加入)；承认；入场费；录用，录取
15．________ v. 参与，参加；分享→________ n. 参加，参与→________ n. 参与者
sincerely
numerous
shift
dilemma
ambition
ambitious
correspond
correspondent
admit
admission
participate
participation
participant
Ⅱ.短语
1．________________ 采取行动
2．________________ 集中(……)于
3．________________ 做出决定，拿定主意
4．________________ 放过，放弃，错过(机会)
5．________________ 绝望地；不顾一切地
6．________________ 在这一方面
7．________________ 根据；以……为基础
take action
focus(...) on
make up one's mind
pass up
in desperation
in this respect
(be) based on
8．________________ 相比之下，相对照
9．________________ 与……比起来
10．________________ 在适当的位置；适当，恰当的
11．________________ 在压力下
12．________________ 最终是，结果是
by contrast
be compared to
in place
under pressure
turn out
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．be doing...when... 正在做某事，这时……
I ________________________ (正在看照片) on the noticeboard ________ (这时) I heard a voice behind me.
2．现在分词作状语，表示时间
________________ (转过身来), I saw a white-haired man.
was looking at the photos
when
Turning around
3．too...to... 太……而不能……， 表示否定意义
I had been ____________________ (太紧张了，没有注意到) when he introduced himself!
4．make ＋宾语＋宾语补足语
Although I was embarrassed, his words ________________________ (让我更轻松了)!
too nervous to pay attention
made me a lot more relaxed
03.单元测试卷（一）
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．When is Terry's birthday
A.February 14. B．February 5. C．February 24.
2．How does David probably feel
A．Disappointed. B．Happy. C．Surprised.
3．What has happened to the man
A．He has just given up his job. B．He has started his own business.
C．He has got promoted.
4．What does the man think of the shirt
A．It's made of cotton. B．It's expensive. C．It feels soft.
C
B
A
A
5．Where does the conversation most probably take place
A．In an office. B．At an airport. C．At a hotel.
C
第一部分　听力
听力材料
Text 1
M: Today is February 19, isn't it
W: That's right. Only five days before Terry's birthday.
Text 2
W: David，did you get the part you tried out for in the play
M: That role was given to someone else，but I got a better part.
Text 3
M: I'm my boss at last. Nobody will tell me what I should do and what I shouldn't.
W: Wow. You have your own company
M: Not really. I've just quit my job.
Text 4
W: What a lovely shirt! Well，it feels so soft. What is it made of
M: I don't know. I think it's just cotton. My wife bought it yesterday. It's not very expensive.
Text 5
W: I am sorry. We don't seem to have a room for you，sir.
M: But my secretary said she had called you for me. I phoned her from the airport this morning.
Text 6
M: Daisy，what was the English Corner like last night
W: I don't know. I just know I've never been asked so many questions about my life.
M: Like what
W: Oh, everyone asked me what time I got up this morning, how old I am, where I was born, you know, things like that.
M: It sounds as if they were policemen.
W: I'd rather stay at home watching TV than go to the English Corner. Well, how about you last night
M: I ate Japanese food with my parents. It was delicious!
W: Japanese food I don't like that. My favorite is Western food.
Text 7
M: How was your trip to Wyoming
W: It was fantastic，especially the scenery in the country.
M: Where did you go in Wyoming
W: We drove by the Devil's Tower National Monument, and we spent a few days in Laramie. But we spent most of our vacation in Yellowstone National Park.
M: You went to Yellowstone I wish I could have gone there!
W: It's the oldest and largest national park in the states. And it's got beautiful waterfalls and hot springs.
M: Did you see Old Faithful
W: Of course. It's the best-known spring there. We couldn't visit Yellowstone without seeing Old Faithful.
Text 8
M: Miss，I wonder if your hotel has a morning call service.
W: Yes，sir. Anyone who stays in our hotel can ask for the service. Would you like a morning call
M: Yes. I want to go to the sea to see the sun. I heard that the scene that the sun first appears on the sea is very beautiful.
W: Yeah. The sight is very famous here. At what time do you want to be woken up，sir
M: At a quarter past five tomorrow morning, please.
W: What kind of call would you like，by phone or by knocking at the door
M: By phone. I don't want to disturb my neighbors.
W: OK. I'll tell the operator to call you up then.
M: Thanks. Good night.
Text 9
W: I suppose you've heard the latest news about Ian and Betty.
M: No, what happened
W: Oh，didn't you hear They've split up.
M: Have they
W: Yeah, I thought everybody knew.
M: Hmm, well, I suppose it's not really surprising，is it I mean, they never really seemed to have that much in common.
W: What do you mean
M: Well，their interests for a start: Ian is really into his computers and computer games and all that kind of things. But Betty prefers something a bit livelier，going out to clubs and having a good time.
W: Yes，she does like going out more than him. That's true.
M: Has she told you anything about it
W: Yes，she has. She phoned me on Friday.
Text 10
Well, I remember the first time I went abroad. I was eleven years old at the time，and we had a school trip to Paris. We took a coach to London airport to catch the plane，and it was about a three-hour drive, down the motorway, and about halfway we stopped at a service station and had lunch. And then we got back on the coach and continued our journey to the airport and when we were nearly at the airport, the teacher suddenly remembered she had left our passports in the service station. So we went all the way back there. Finally, we got on the plane, and arrived in Paris. After we got to Paris, I bought some cream cakes. They were so good that I ate five cream cakes... and I was sick. Then I didn't get out of bed for three days... I was so ill.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
6．Who asked the woman so many questions last night
A．The policemen. B．The English fans. C．The Japanese guests.
7．Which food do you think the woman likes best
A．Hamburger. B．Seafood. C．Beijing duck.
8．What did the man do last night
A．He went to the English Corner, too.
B．He had dinner with his parents.
C．He stayed at home watching TV.
B
A
B
听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
9．How does the woman describe her Wyoming vacation
A．Boring. B．Fantastic. C．Faithful.
10．How did the woman probably travel on vacation
A．By car. B．By train. C．By plane.
B
A
11．What would the man like to do
A．Move to Yellowstone. B．Take a trip to Yellowstone.
C．Get a job in Yellowstone National Park.
B
听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。
12．Why does the man need a morning call
A．He wants to see a famous sight.
B．He has to catch his morning train.
C．He needs to attend a meeting on time.
A
13．When will the man get up tomorrow morning
A．At 5：15 a．m.. B．At 5：45 a．m.. C．At 6：15 a．m..
14．What will happen tomorrow morning
A．The woman will telephone the man.
B．The operator will telephone the man.
C．The operator will knock at the man's door.
A
B
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15．What is the probable relationship between Ian and Betty
A．Lovers. B．Brother and sister. C．Colleagues.
A
16．What does Betty like doing
A．Staying at home. B．Going out to clubs. C．Playing computer games.
17．How did the woman hear the news
A．Ian told her about it on Friday.
B．Betty told her about it by phone.
C．The man just told her about it.
B
B
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．How did the speaker and his companions go to the airport
A．By subway. B．By coach. C．By bus.
19．Why did the speaker and his companions go back to the service station
A．To fetch the tickets. B．To look for his wallet.
C．To fetch their passports.
B
C
20．How many cream cakes did the speaker eat after he arrived in Paris
A．Three. B．Five. C．Eight.
B
第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Florida by Lauren Groff
From the author of Fates and Furies comes a collection of short stories exploring the moments that make us feel alive, all based on the landscape, climate, history, and state of mind of Florida.
The Perfect Couple by Elin Hilderbrand
When the bride to be is discovered dead in Nantucket Harbor just hours before the ceremony, everyone in the wedding party is suddenly a suspect, from the best man and the maid of honor to the groom's famous mystery novelist mother.
The Last Time I Lied by Riley Sager
It's just a harmless game, right The author of Final Girls puts a deadly twist on “two truths and a lie” as successful artist Emma revisits her dark past, the one night at summer camp that still appears in her memories and her paintings.
Rust and Stardust by T. Greenwood
Based on the experiences of real life kidnapping(绑架) victim Sally Horner and her kidnaper, whose story shocked the nation and inspired Vladimir Nabokov to write his controversial and iconic Lolita, this heart pounding(动人心弦的) story gives a voice to Sally herself.
Thrawn: Alliances by Timothy Zahn
From his first meet with the man who will one day become Darth Vader to his rise to power, Grand Admiral Thrawn proves his reputation as one of the most cunning fighters in the history of the Galactic Empire in this thrilling Star Wars Tales.
21.If you like to read a detective novel, you may buy________．
A．Florida B．The Perfect Couple
C．The Last Time I Lied D．Thrawn: Alliances
答案：B　
解析：细节理解题。该题问的是如果你喜欢读侦探小说，你可能会购买哪本书。根据“The Perfect Couple by Elin Hilderbrand”部分可知，《完美夫妻》这本小说要追查新娘的死因，属于侦探类小说。故选B。
22．Who wrote a novel depending on real experience
A．Lauren Groff. B．Elin Hilderbrand.
C．T. Greenwood. D．Timothy Zahn.
答案：C　
解析：细节理解题。该题问的是哪位作者的小说是根据真实经历创作的。根据“Rust and Stardust by T．Greenwood”部分可知，《锈迹与星尘》这本小说是源自于真实绑架案的受害者Sally Horner和她的绑架者的故事。故选C。
23．In which part of a newspaper can this passage be probably found
A．Cartoon. B．Business. C．Campus life. D．Book review.
答案：D　
解析：文章出处题。该题问的是在报纸哪一版块可以发现这篇文章。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了五个不同题材的小说的梗概、评论等相关信息，应在报纸的书评版块可以看到该文章。故选D。
B
In the fall of 2012, a Chinese publisher was seeking an English language translator for a trippy science fiction novel titled The Three Body Problem. Ken Liu—an American computer programmer turned corporate lawyer and then turned science fiction writer—was a natural choice: fluent in Mandarin, familiar with Chinese sci fi tropes (修辞) and culture and a rising star in the genre(类型).
The Three Body Problem was unlike anything Ken Liu had ever read. A mind bending epic(史诗) set in Beijing, Inner Mongolia and on a distant planet, the novel was full of heady technical passages about quantum theory, nanotechnology, orbital mechanics and astrophysics, mixed with profound moral questions about the nature of good and evil and humanity's place in the universe.
When the English translation of The Three Body Problem was published in 2014, it was praised as a_groundbreaking work of speculative fiction. President Barack Obama praised the novel, calling it “just wildly imaginative”. Publishers around the world chased after translation rights, which eventually sold in 26 languages. It won the 2015 Hugo Award, one of the genre's most famous honors, making Liu Cixin the first Asian author to win the prize for best novel. It was also the first time a novel in translation had won the prize.
Now, Liu Cixin says, he recommends that Chinese sci fi fans who speak English read Ken Liu's translation of The Three Body Problem rather than the Chinese version.“Usually when Chinese literature gets translated to a foreign language, it tends to lose something，” he says.“I don't think that happened with The Three Body Problem. I think it gained something.”
The success of The Three Body Problem not only turned Liu Cixin into a global literary star; it opened the floodgates for new translations of Chinese science fiction. Ken Liu's translations have reshaped the global science fiction situation, which has long been dominated by American and British authors.
24．What is the reason for Ken Liu's being chosen
A．The recommendation of Liu Cixin.
B．His rising popularity in China.
C．His strengths as a translator.
D．His various career experiences.
答案：C　
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“Ken Liu... was a natural choice：fluent in Mandarin, familiar with Chinese sci-fi tropes(修辞)and culture and a rising star in the genre(类型).”可知，选择刘宇昆来翻译《三体》是因为身为美籍华人的他说着一口流利的普通话，熟悉中国科幻小说的写作手法和文化背景，并且还是这个文学类型里一颗冉冉升起的新星。由此可推知，选择刘宇昆是因为他作为翻译者拥有很多优势。故选C。
25．What can we infer about The Three Body Problem according to Paragraph 2
A．It completely differs from other sci fi novels.
B．It is based on a true story set in China.
C．It explains many abstract theories and ideas.
D．It is extremely difficult to translate.
答案：D　
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容尤其是第二句“A mind-bending epic (史诗)set in Beijing, Inner Mongolia and on a distant planet, the novel was full of heady technical passages about quantum theory, nanotechnology, orbital mechanics and astrophysics, mixed with profound moral questions about the nature of good and evil and humanity's place in the universe.”可知，《三体》是一部烧脑的史诗巨作，故事以北京、内蒙古和一颗遥远的行星为背景，作品中充满了关于量子理论、纳米技术以及天体物理学等令人头大的专业术语，交织着(人们)对善与恶以及人类在宇宙中的位置的深刻探讨。由此可推知，《三体》这部科幻小说翻译起来非常有难度。故选D。
26．What does the underlined word “groundbreaking” mean in Paragraph 3
A．Rare. B．Typical. C．Pioneering. D．Successful.
答案：C　
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句“President Barack Obama praised the novel，calling it‘just wildly imaginative’．”可知，美国前总统奥巴马对《三体》高度赞誉，称其“想象力极强”。由此可推知，《三体》是一部开拓性的作品。所以画线词应意为“开拓性的”，与C项表达一致。故选C。
27．What is the main idea of the last paragraph
A．The achievements of Liu Cixin.
B．The meaning of translations of the Three Body Problem.
C．The changes of global sci fi situation.
D．The future of Chinese science fiction.
答案：B　
解析：段落大意题。通读最后一段内容可知，《三体》的成功不仅使原著作者刘慈欣闻名于世界文坛，也促使中国科幻小说新的译作大量涌现。长期以来，一直都是英美作家主导全球科幻小说领域，而刘宇昆的翻译作品重塑了这一格局。由此可推知，最后一段的主旨是翻译《三体》的意义。故选B。
C
Historical heritage is human beings' wisdom. Historical relics, however, as time goes by, suffer different degrees of damage. People used to protect cultural relics by manual work—photographing and rubbing (拓本) techniques. Although this method can keep the basic information, many vital details are still ignored.
At present, 3D digitalization has been proved to be the most popular technology in the field of cultural heritage. The 3D digital technology can be used for data archiving (存档), displaying as well as restoration.
3D scanning technology features fast measurement speed and accurate capturing capacity. It's good at collecting enough and accurate 3D data from different perspectives, which is beneficial to the restoration of historical relics when they suffer accidental damage. Experts can also virtually restore the heritage through the computer, and finish research by means of accurate 3D models.
For historical relics' protection, nevertheless, 3D scanning isn't the only way put into use. 3D printing also contributes to displaying historical relics. It provides people with more chances to get to know historical relics and better understand human beings' history.
Yucheng Museum unearthed a new collection of cultural relics in April 2019. One of the most urgent issues for archaeologists was data archiving. Invited by Quimbaya Art×Tech, ScanTech conducted 3D scanning immediately on these relics by 3D scanner. This hand held 3D laser scanner was equipped with the world's leading edge technologies and brought great convenience for further restoration and research.
To avoid any damage, Yucheng Museum combined with 3D printing technology based on 3D data to reproduce 1：1 3D models of cultural relics for exhibition, which aimed to make more people get close to history and pass on the precious historical heritage.
Many thousand year cultural treasures have gradually disappeared from our sight due to technical problems. However, 3D scanning and 3D printing technologies provide very effective 3D solutions for the historical relic display and protection.
28．What do we know about the traditional way of historical heritage protection
A．It can't record important details.
B．It proves the wisdom of humans.
C．It consumes more time and effort.
D．It restores cultural heritage to its previous condition.
答案：A　
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Although this method can keep the basic information, many vital details are still ignored.”可知，传统的历史遗产保护方式无法记录重要的细节。故选A。
29．What benefit does 3D scanning technology bring to historical relic protection
A．It restores a damaged historical relic fast on a computer.
B．It accurately evaluates the original look of a historical relic.
C．It automatically enters information on relics into a computer.
D．It contributes to collecting the data of a historical relic efficiently.
答案：D　
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“3D scanning technology features fast measurement speed and accurate capturing capacity. It's good at collecting enough and accurate 3D data from different perspectives, which is beneficial to the restoration of historical relics when they suffer accidental damage. Experts can also virtually restore the heritage through the computer, and finish research by means of accurate 3D models.”可知，3D扫描技术有助于有效地收集历史文物的资料。故选D。
30．Why is Yucheng Museum mentioned in the text
A．To compare the two 3D technologies.
B．To place a high value on historical relics.
C．To attract the public to historical museums.
D．To show the application of 3D digitalization in historical relic protection.
答案：D　
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段“Yucheng Museum unearthed a new collection of cultural relics in April 2019. One of the most urgent issues for archaeologists was data archiving. Invited by Quimbaya Art×Tech, ScanTech conducted 3D scanning immediately on these relics by 3D scanner. This hand-held 3D laser scanner was equipped with the world's leading-edge technologies and brought great convenience for further restoration and research.”
以及第六段“To avoid any damage, Yucheng Museum combined with 3D printing technology based on 3D data to reproduce 1：1 3D models of cultural relics for exhibition, which aimed to make more people get close to history and pass on the precious historical heritage.”可推知，文章提到禹城博物馆是为了展示三维数字化在历史文物保护中的应用。故选D。
31．What does the text mainly talk about
A．Scientific ways of restoring cultural relics.
B．The rapid development of 3D technologies.
C．3D technologies for protecting historical relics.
D．The challenges of 3D historical heritage protection.
答案：C　
解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段“At present, 3D digitalization has been proved to be the most popular technology in the field of cultural heritage. The 3D digital technology can be used for data archiving (存档), displaying as well as restoration.”并结合全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了3D扫描和3D打印技术对保护历史文物的作用。故选C。
D
Sleeping with a dim light like a television or nightlight is enough to raise the blood sugar and heart rates of healthy people, according to a new study. Light helps our body maintain an internal clock, but artificial light at night can interrupt the rest and repair that should happen during the sleep. New research suggests that even when our eyes are closed, a small amount of light can disrupt the way our bodies normally keep our blood sugar within a healthy range.
In the study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on Monday, scientists asked 20 participants aged 19 to 36 to spend two nights in their lab. On the first night of sleep, the volunteers slept in a very dark room. For their second night of sleep, half of the group snoozed with a small light like the glow of television at night, or streetlights through a window—and half spent their second night in a dark room.
During the trial, all participants were connected to devices that measured different markers of their sleep quality. They were each connected via a special tube, allowing researchers to collect samples without waking the individual. Researchers also recorded participants' heart rates and brainwaves.
When the volunteers awoke in the morning, the team tested their blood sugar and found that participants that slept in rooms with a dim light spent less time in a deep sleep. In addition to having slightly worse blood sugar control, the group exposed to dim light had a higher heart rate on average.
“By comparison, those who spend two nights sleeping in the dark room had little difference in their blood sugar control. You thought you slept well, but your brain knows that the lights are on，” says Zee. “You should clearly pay attention to the light in your bedroom. If you can't give up your nightlight, keep it dim and at floor level.”
Earlier work has linked exposure to light during sleep to an increased risk of obesity in women. Zee recommends making sure that you start dimming your lights at least an hour or two before you go to bed to prepare your environment for sleep.
32．What does the underlined word “disrupt” in Paragraph 1 mean
A．Upset. B．Keep. C．Disagree. D．Follow.
答案：A　
解析：词义猜测题。由第一段中的“Light helps our body maintain an internal clock, but artificial light at night can interrupt the rest and repair that should happen during the sleep.”及画线词后的“the way our bodies normally keep our blood sugar within a healthy range.”可知，夜晚的人造光可能会影响身体的修复，扰乱正常的生理功能。画线词disrupt与upset意思相近，表示“打乱”。故选A项。
33．How did the researchers draw a conclusion from the study
A．By analysing the data from scientific texts.
B．By conducting experiments.
C．By using questionnaires.
D．By comparing earlier work.
答案：B　
解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的“scientists asked 20 participants aged 19 to 36 to spend two nights in their lab”和第三段中的“During the trial, all participants were connected to devices that measured different markers of their sleep quality.”可知，研究团队通过做实验来得出研究结论。故选B项。
34．What did the study find if the participants slept in the dark room for two nights
A．They would have a higher heart rate.
B．They would have higher blood sugar.
C．Their blood sugar control would barely change.
D．They actually sleep more than average.
答案：C　
解析：细节理解题。由第四段中的“By comparison，those who spend two nights sleeping in the dark room had little difference in their blood sugar control.”可知，连续在黑暗的房间中睡两晚的人的血糖控制水平几乎没有变化。故选C项。
35．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Sleeping With a Dim Light Can Raise Health Problems
B．How to Sleep Well With a Dim Light
C．Sleep Well, Eat Well, Good Health
D．The Darker, the Lower Blood Sugar
答案：A　
解析：主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了一项关于在微弱的灯光下睡觉对健康的影响的相关研究。A项(在昏暗的灯光下睡觉会引发健康问题)符合全文主旨，适合作为本文的标题。故选A项。
How to Practice Writing
Almost every student wants to succeed in their writing, don't they Actually, it isn't that hard. __36__．
Write every day. You may prefer to write a new short scene every day, or work on a long term writing project. You might have a daily minimum of one paragraph, or an entire page. But if you take any advice from this page, stick to one important habit: __37__. If you can't find room in your schedule, try getting up early or going to bed late, even if you can only spare fifteen minutes.
Write your way through writer's block. __38__. Getting anything on the page at all can help you get started. Write about how you're stuck and can't think of anything to write, or describe an object in the room in painfully exhaustive detail. A few minutes of this will often put you in “writing mode” and lead you to another idea.
Look online, in bookstores, or in libraries for collections of writing prompts (提示). These are designed to give you a starting point to work from, and are often ridiculous to spark your imagination and get you started.
__39__. If you've been writing for a while, chances are good that you keep getting drawn back to a particular style, topic, or format. Practicing a favorite type of writing is a great way to keep yourself motivated, but make an effort to vary your writing exercises once in a while. Try these challenges as exercises, whether or not you're interested in polishing the end result.
If your writing projects or your narrators all sound similar, try a different style. __40__．
If most of your writing is for a blog, or for one long project, take a break from it.
A．Challenge yourself
B．Write every single day
C．Trade feedback with a group of supportive writers
D．Here are some important points that you may find helpful
E．Imitate another author, or combine the styles of two authors
F．Handing new and difficult challenges is vital for improvement in any field
G．Don't be so afraid to write something “bad” that you end up staring at a blank document
36．答案：D　
解析：根据上文“Actually，it isn't that hard.”可知，实际上写作并不是很难。D项“以下是一些你可能会觉得有用的要点”引出下文，符合语境。故选D。
37．答案：B　
解析：根据本段首句“Write every day.”及语境可知，本段建议每天写作。B项“每一天都要写”符合语境。故选B。
38．答案：G　
解析：根据下文“Getting anything on the page at all can help you get started.”可知，在页面上获取任何内容都可以帮助你开始。G项“不要太害怕写一些‘不好’的东西，以至于你最终只能盯着一个空白的文档”引出下文，符合语境。故选G。
39．答案：A　
解析：根据下文“Try these challenges as exercises，whether or not you're interested in polishing the end result.”可知，把这些挑战当作练习来尝试，不管你是否对最终结果感兴趣。A项“挑战你自己”引出下文，符合语境。故选A。
40．答案：E　
解析：根据上文“If your writing projects or your narrators all sound similar，try a different style.”可知，如果你的写作项目或者你的叙述者听起来都很相似，那就换一种风格吧。E项“模仿另一位作者，或将两位作者的风格结合在一起”与上文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选E。
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day I was driving to the marsh (湿地) for birdwatching. The weather forecast called for the possibility of fog. As I __41__ the destination, the fog began to __42__. At a turning point，I lost __43__ of the car and ran into the wet land.
I tried to open the door, but it was locked as the water had __44__ the electrical system. I remembered I had a fire extinguisher(灭火器). I __45__ it and gave the window a __46__ hit. It merely bounced off. I hit it again, with the __47__ result.
The water level had risen, and soon I was swinging the extinguisher underwater. I had to __48__ for air and down to take as many __49__ as my breath would allow. I was nearly __50__. A part of me just wanted to give up. But then another thought came to mind, “You have __51__ more time. What will you do with it？” “I'm going to try __52__，” I responded.
I __53__ swinging the fire extinguisher as hard as I could and suddenly the impact felt different. I __54__ my left hand and felt a hole in the __55__. I knew I was going to live.
41．A.sought B．approached C．chose D．visited
42．A.build B．lift C．decrease D．disappear
43．A.sight B．track C．touch D．control
44．A.operated B．settled C．shorted D．developed
45．A.broke B．grabbed C．controlled D．closed
46．A.gentle B．mild C．indirect D．sharp
47．A.same B．joyful C．positive D．Different
48．A.go out B．go away C．go up D．go over
49．A.fists B．swings C．cuts D．breaks
50．A.delighted B．disappointed C．determined D．desperate
51．A.a little B．much C．plenty of D．far
52．A.weaker B．harder C．better D．worse
53．A.started B．paused C．continued D．considered
54．A.waved B．shook C．extended D．took
55．A.car B．door C．extinguisher D．window
41．答案：B　
解析：考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“I was driving to the marsh(湿地)”及语境可知，此处表示当作者快要接近目的地时。B项意为“接近”，符合语境。故选B。
42．答案：A　
解析：考查动词辨析。根据下文“At a turning point，I lost __43__ of the car and ran into the wet land.”可知，在转弯处，车子因失控驶入了沼泽地。由此可知，此处表示作者在接近目的地时，雾变大了。A项意为“逐渐增强”，符合语境。故选A。
43．答案：D　
解析：考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“ran into the wet land”及语境可知，此处表示作者的车子失去了控制。lose control of意为“失去对……的控制”，符合语境，故选D。
44．答案：C　
解析：考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处表示作者试图打开车门，但车门锁上了，因为水使电力系统短路了。C项意为“(使)短路”，符合语境。故选C。
45．答案：B　
解析：考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“gave the window a __46__ hit”及语境可知，此处表示作者抓起灭火器，用它去撞击车窗。B项意为“抓住”，符合语境。故选B。
46．解析;D　
解析：考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“hit”及语境可知，此处表示作者抓起灭火器猛击车窗。D项意为“猛烈的”，符合语境。故选D。
47．答案：A　
解析：考查形容词辨析。根据下文“The water level had risen，and soon I was swinging the extinguisher underwater.”可知，水位上升了，很快作者就在水下挥动着灭火器。由此可推知，此处表示作者再次猛击车窗，但结果还是一样。A项意为“相同的”，符合语境。故选A。
48．答案：C　
解析：考查动词短语辨析。根据下文中的“for air and down to take as many __49__ as my breath would allow”及语境可知，此处表示作者必须上去透透气。C项意为“上升”，符合语境。故选C。
49．答案：B　
解析：考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“and soon I was swinging the extinguisher underwater”及语境可知，此处表示作者想让自己在水下憋气时尽量多挥动灭火器。B项意为“挥动”，符合语境。故选B。
50．答案：D　
解析：考查形容词辨析。根据下文“A part of me just wanted to give up.”可知，此处表示作者几乎绝望了，有点想要放弃。D项意为“绝望的”，符合语境。故选D。
51．答案：A　
解析：考查词义辨析。根据上文中的“But”及语境可知，此处表示作者本想放弃，但另一个声音说，你还有点时间。A项意为“一点”，符合语境。故选A。
52．答案：B　
解析：考查词义辨析。根据下文中的“swinging the fire extinguisher as hard as I could”可知，此处表示作者会更加努力。B项意为“更努力的”，符合语境。故选B。
53．答案：C　
解析：考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处表示作者继续尽可能猛烈地挥动灭火器。C项意为“继续”，符合语境。故选C。
54．答案：C　
解析：考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“felt a hole”及语境可知，此处表示作者伸出左手去摸。C项意为“使伸长”，符合语境。故选C。
55．答案：D　
解析：考查名词辨析。根据上文“I __45__ it and gave the window a __46__ hit.”可知，此处表示作者感觉到车窗上有一个洞。D项意为“窗”，符合语境。故选D。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China's first domestic sci fi film The Wandering Earth, starring Wu Jing 56.________ (take) up the box office and online film review sites since the Chinese New Year.
57.________ (base) on Liu Cixin's short story and directed by Frant Guo, the film has both its light moments and takes itself very 58.________ (serious). The typical humorous elements，such as the repeated “safe driving reminder”， have also drawn the Chinese audience closer.
has taken
Based
seriously
In addition，the film's interpretation of traditional 59.________ (value) about family, heroism and patriotism (爱国主义) also moves the audience. “I 60.________ (inspire) strongly by the three fathers in the film, all of 61.________ made contributions to humans and showed true devotion for their families，” said Fan Xinggang, a father from Xi'an, Shaanxi Province.
values
was inspired
whom
What's more，not like the Hollywood sci-fi films, the Americans are not the only ones capable of saving the world. This time the Chinese are the greatest heroes 62.________ (perform) the task of preventing the Earth 63.________ hitting Jupiter (木星). Of course, without international cooperation, the task of solving the problems 64.________ (face) the planet can't be done.This is the main difference between this film and many other movies of 65.________ same type.
to perform
from
facing
the
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter所在的学校正在开展“整本书阅读”活动，他来信希望你推荐一本适合的中文书。请你给Peter回信，内容包括：
1．推荐书目；
2．推荐的理由；
3．阅读建议。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：“整本书阅读”活动 the Whole-book Reading Activity
参考范文：
Dear Peter，
Knowing that you are involved in the Whole-book Reading Activity, I'd like to pick one from so many famous Chinese books—Journey to the West.
Basically, the novel is about Tang Sanzang's journey to fetch back some Buddist scriptures and the difficulties he and his followers face in between. Along the way, Sun Wukong, Zhu Bajie and Sha Wujing have to battle lots of demons, who all want their master because his flesh will give immortality to anyone who eats it.
Does it sound captivating If you want to give it a try，you'd better get a Chinese dictionary at hand for reference as it's written in old Chinese. I wish you would have fun reading it.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Long ago in Ethiopia (埃塞俄比亚) a woman named Leeya married a man who had a son. Try as Leeya might, she could not seem to spark a connection with (建立关系) the child. After several months of this, Leeya didn't know what to do.
Now in Leeya's village there was a medicine man, a healer. After Leeya came up to the healer's hut, she introduced herself and cried, “Make me a potion (药剂). Anything! Whatever it takes to get this child to respond to me.”
The medicine man looked her in the eye and said, “This is not the same as fixing a broken bone. There is a potion that will change the child's behavior toward you. But you must bring me a whisker(胡须) from a live lion.” Such a thing is not possible! How could she get a whisker from a live lion
The next day, she left the house. Leeya went to a place where a lion was known to live. She walked up to a safe distance, set a bowl of meat down on the grass, stepped away quickly and hid herself carefully. A lion indeed lived there, and watching her away, approached the bowl to enjoy the meat.
Every day, she did this and so did the lion. Until one morning the lion was sitting next to the empty bowl when she arrived, waiting for her. This time she sat and petted its thick fur. Actually, she thought, “it is a rather friendly creature, when you get to know it.” Finally, she quickly cut off a whisker, careful not to hurt the lion in any way. “Thank you, my gentle friend，” she said.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Quickly, she ran to the medicine man's hut.____________
“What have you done？！” Leeya cried. “What it took for me to get that！”________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Quickly, she ran to the medicine man's hut. Holding the whisker tight in her hand, she cried, “I have it ! I have the lion's whisker！” The healer asked her how she did it. She explained the steps and handed him the whisker with pride. The healer looked at it with care and thought for a moment. Then he walked over to the fire and threw it in, where it burned up right away to a crisp.
“What have you done？！” Leeya cried. “What it took for me to get that！” “Leeya，” said the old doctor softly, “you don't need the whisker. Tell me whether this child is really more dangerous than a lion. If a wild beast will respond to your patience and loving care, don't you think a child who misses his mother will, too？” Leeya was shocked, she had never thought of it that way before, but she thought maybe by the time she got back home, she knew what she could do.
(共53张PPT)
Section Ⅳ　Writing——如何写申请信
01. Part Ⅰ　文体感知
02. Part Ⅱ　Writing an application letter
03.课时作业（四）
内容
索引
01. Part Ⅰ　文体感知
Ⅰ.框架建构：整体理解
1．Skim the application letter and you'll find that you must present the ________ of the writing, provide _________________ and express ________ while writing an application letter.
2．In the passage, the author wishes to apply for the position of a local ________.
purpose
personal information
expectation
tour guide
Ⅱ.文本剖析：特色表达
Formal greeting Dear Ms Smith
Purpose of the letter I wish to ①________ for the position of a local tour guide.
apply
Personal interest I'm very ②________ with the history of my home city, and have a ③________ for history.
Qualifications required As stated in my attached CV, I can speak both English and French ④________．
Relevant past experience I organised and conducted a ⑤________ of my city for classmates living outside the area.
Ending：contact information I'm contactable via ⑥________ at this address or by phone on 6747 9818.
Formal signing off Josie Davis
familiar
passion
fluently
tour
email
Ⅲ.知识点
1)qualified adj.有资格的，合格的，胜任的)
(教材原句)Match the headings to the sections and find out how qualified the applicant is for the job.
把标题和部分匹配起来，弄清申请人有多适合这份工作。
What makes you think that you are qualified for this job
什么使你觉得自己能胜任这份工作？
The guide are qualified to lead groups into the mountains.
这些导游有资格带团进山。
be qualified for 有……的资格，能胜任……
be qualified to do sth. 有资格做某事，能胜任做某事
[单词积累]　
qualify v．使具有资格
qualification n．资格，资历
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I don't think he is qualified ________ such a kind of job.
②I'm not qualified ________ (give) advice on such matters.
③There is a growing need for ________ (qualify) teachers of Business English.
④Helen was occupied with her daily routine, so she had no time to apply for the exam ________ (qualify).
for
to give
qualified
qualification
2)fluency n．熟练，流利　fluent adj.流利的；流畅的　fluently adv.流利的)
For one thing, I have developed fluency in spoken English.
首先，我的英语口语流利。
This job requires you to be fluent in English and Spanish.
这份工作要求你能流利地说英语和西班牙语。
with fluency 流利地
fluency in English 英语流利
become/be fluent in 在……方面流利
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①She's stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language ________ (fluent).
②Admission is more likely to be given to those with greater ________ (fluent) in English.
fluently
fluency
02. Part Ⅱ　Writing an application letter
1．文体介绍
求职信是英语书面表达中常用的一种应用文，其目的是应聘者向招聘者展示自己的才华、陈述自己的履历，最终争取被录用。求职信的格式同一般书信，也要包括称呼、正文、结尾语、签名等。
2．篇章结构
第一段：说明是从何处获知招聘信息，并提出申请；
第二段：写明自己的学历、能力及相关经验；
第三段：表明自己想得到这份工作的迫切愿望及信心。
3．常用表达
(1)开头常用的句型
?I am writing in response to your advertisement in...of June 8.我写信是应聘6月8日您在……上发布的启事(中的职位)。
?I am writing this letter to apply for the position that you have advertised in...
我写信是申请您在……上发布的职位。
?Your advertised position of...interests me.
您发布的……职位使我很感兴趣。
?
I am writing this letter to recommend myself as a qualified candidate for the job of...you have advertised in...
作为一名能够胜任您在……上发布的……一职的求职者，我写信自荐(应聘该职位)。
(2)自我介绍的常用句型
?I'm XXX，a girl/boy aged...and I have just graduated from...
我是XXX，一名……岁的女生/男生，刚毕业于……
?Besides, I once worked as a tour guide for a month and was highly praised for my good service and have rich experience.
此外，我曾做过一个月导游，因服务优良受到高度赞扬，而且我有丰富的经验。
?Growing up in this city, I'm familiar with many beautiful places in Hangzhou.Thus, I'm convinced that I'm qualified for the job.
我在杭州长大，熟悉这座城市的许多美景。因此，我相信自己能胜任这份工作。
(3)结尾常用的句型
?I would be grateful if you could consider employing me in your company/giving me a chance to work for you.
如您能考虑聘用我/给我入职机会，我将十分感激。
?Please inform me when you have come to a decision.I am looking forward to receiving your reply as early as possible.
当您做出决定，烦请告知。期待早日收到您的回复。
?I would be most grateful if you could grant me a personal interview.
如能获得面试机会，我将万分感激。
?Any favourable consideration of my application will be highly appreciated.
如您对我的申请予以任何优先考虑，我将万分感激。
　典题演练
假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1．写信目的；
2．个人优势；
3．能做的事情。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：Chinese Painting Exhibition中国画展览
谋篇布局
遣词造句
完成句子
1．我写信是想申请做中国画展览的志愿者。
I'm writing to ________________ for the Chinese Painting Exhibition.
2．中国画展览将在贵美术馆举办。
The Chinese Painting Exhibition ____________ in your art gallery.
3．我认为我可以胜任这份工作。
I think I ________________ this job.
apply to be a volunteer
will be held
am qualified for
4．另外，我中英文都很流利，这对介绍中国画很有帮助。
Besides，I ____________ both Chinese and English, and it helps me introduce Chinese paintings.
5．如果我有幸被选为志愿者，我可以带参观者参观画廊，让他们更多地了解中国画。
If I am lucky enough ____________ as a volunteer, I can show visitors around the gallery and get them to know more about Chinese paintings.
am fluent in
to be chosen
句式升级
6．将句1和句2合并为含有不定式作定语的句子。
________________________________________________________________________
7．将句4改为含有非限制性定语从句的主从复合句。
_____________________________________________________
I'm writing to apply to be a volunteer for the Chinese Painting Exhibition to be held in your art gallery.
Besides，I am fluent in both Chinese and English, which helps me introduce Chinese paintings.
完美成篇
Dear Sir or Madam，
I'm writing to apply to be a volunteer for the Chinese Painting Exhibition to be held in your art gallery.
I think I am qualified for this job, because I have learned Chinese painting since boyhood. Besides, I am fluent in both Chinese and English, which helps me introduce Chinese paintings. If I am lucky enough to be chosen as a volunteer, I can show visitors around the gallery and get them to know more bout Chinese paintings.
I would be very grateful if you could offer me the opportunity. I'm looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
03.课时作业（四）
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．She was intelligent but suffered from a lack of ________ (理想).
2．Whatever the scientists ________ (最终) conclude, all of their data will immediately be disputed (质疑).
3．Their _____________ (参与) was entirely selfish — they wanted to win the money.
4. ________ (流利) in French is required for this job.
5．We are very sad to have to do this, but there is no other ________ (选择).
ambition
ultimately
participation
Fluency
alternative
6．We keep them informed of any changes as they ________ (出现，发生).
7．The city is a ________ (混合体) of old and new buildings.
8．She's extremely well ________ (胜任的) for the job.
9．BBC correspondent says Microsoft reckons Skype's popularity will provide new ________ (商业的) opportunities, even though most of its services are free.
10．He ultimately realized that no one can be a good teacher unless he has great ________ (喜爱) towards his students.
arise
mixture
qualified
commercial
affection
11．If you have more ________ (熟练) in Russian you will be more qualified for the position.
12．I ________ (真诚地) hope there will be increasing participation of young people in the programme.
13．It was thoughtful of you to promise to see after the children when I was on the night ________ (当班时间).
14．Although the ________ (情况) was very terrible, we still made up our minds to take action to improve it.
15．A few questions have ________ (出现) in the correspondent's brain after he heard it.
fluency
sincerely
shift
circumstance
arisen
Ⅱ.短语填空
take action, put off, make up one's mind, weigh up, for instance, arise from, based on, focus on
1．In that case，we'll have to ____________ the sports meeting till next Saturday.
2．His eyes slowly began to ____________ what looked like a small dark ball.
3．The report is ____________ figures from six different European cities.
put off
focus on
based on
4．Foreign doctors and nurses are trying, ____________ , to stop the spread of infectious diseases.
5．It's time to ____________ to protect our environment.
6．Requirements problems often ____________ a lack of understanding of context.
7．She ____________ all the evidence that had been found on the spot.
8．Have you _________________ where to go for your honeymoon
for instance
take action
arise from
weighed up
made up your minds
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．很长时间没收到约翰的消息了，我非常挂念他。(现在分词作状语)
_______________________________， I am concerned about him.
2．如果你错过了上大学的机会该怎么办呢？(what if...; pass up)
__________________________________ to go to college
Not having heard of John for so long
What if you passed up the chance
3．山的前面有一条小河。(完全倒装句)
____________________ a river.
4．天气允许的话，我想出去走一走。(独立主格结构)
____________________， I want to go out for a walk.
In front of the mountain lies
Weather permitting
Ⅰ.完形填空
When you were little, people probably asked, “What do you want to be when you grow up？” Maybe you said a doctor, or an astronaut. Finding the right __1__ for you can be difficult, but not impossible.
First ask yourself what you would __2__ doing as a career if money weren't a(n) __3__. The best way to find what you should be doing with your __4__ was to ask yourself this important question：“What would you do if __5__ were no object？” Sure, you'd want to __6__ for a while, but __7__ you're going to get bored. So what would you do to make yourself really, truly __8__？
Consider the upside and downside of that career. When you consider these more attainable careers, make sure to do your __9__. Be well acquainted with what life looks like in that career path. You will need to know what the downside of those __10__ is if you want to make an informed decision.
Factor in your __11__ needs. If you're really in a job that fulfills you and makes you happy, getting rich off of it really won't __12__ to you. However, life is full of __13__ that go beyond your happiness. If your dream career can't help __14__ your family or pay your student loans, you might need to __15__ other options.
1．A.hobby B．sports C．career D．answer
2．A.mind B．enjoy C．suggest D．keep
3．A.issue B．significance C．condition D．help
4．A.life B．dream C．friendship D．family
5．A.success B．fame C．money D．freedom
6．A.work B．relax C．travel D．think
7．A.eventually B．quickly C．instantly D．entirely
8．A.responsible B．nervous C．curious D．happy
9．A.best B．research C．design D．search
10．A.companies B．documents C．jobs D．options
11．A.financial B．physical C．spiritual D．technical
12．A.happen B．connect C．come D．matter
13．A.difficulties B．surprises C．obligations D．choices
14．A.reach B．feed C．manage D．persuade
15．A.agree on B．make up C．put out D．look into
1．答案：C　解析：为你自己找到合适的职业(career)可能很困难，但不是不可能。hobby爱好；sports体育项目；answer答案。
2．答案：B　解析：首先问自己你喜欢(enjoy)做的职业是什么。mind介意；suggest建议；keep坚持。
3．答案：A　解析：如果钱不是问题(issue)……significance意义；condition条件；help帮助。
4．答案：A　解析：找到你今生(life)应该从事的职业的最好办法就是你问自己这个重要的问题。dream梦想；friendship友谊；family家庭。
5．答案：C　解析：如果不以金钱(money)为目标，你会做什么工作呢？success成功；fame名誉；freedom自由。
6．答案：B　解析：当然，你可能想放松(relax)一段时间。work工作；travel旅行；think思考。
7．答案：A　解析：但是最终(eventually)你会感到无聊的。quickly快速地；instantly立即；entirely全部地。
8．答案：D　解析：那么你做什么工作会让你感到真正快乐(happy)呢？responsible负责的；nervous紧张的；curious好奇的。
9．答案：B　解析：当你考虑这些更容易获得的职业时，一定要做好研究(research)。best最好；design设计；search寻找。
10．答案：C　解析：如果你想做出明智的决定，你需要知道那些工作(job)的缺点是什么。company公司；document文件；option选择。
11．答案：A　解析：考虑你的财务(financial)需求。physical身体的；spiritual精神的；technical技术的。
12．答案：D　解析：如果你的工作真的能让你感到满足、让你快乐，靠它致富对你来说真的无关紧要(matter)。happen发生；connect联系；come来。
13．答案：C　解析：然而生活充满了责任(obligation)，超出了你的快乐。difficulty困难；surprise惊讶；choice选择。
14．答案：B　解析：如果你理想的职业无助于养活(feed)家人或者偿付助学贷款…… reach达到；manage经营；persuade说服。
15．答案：D　解析：你或许需要调查一下(look into)其他的职业选择了。agree on就……达成一致；make up编造；put out扑灭。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
As many as 300 million full time jobs throughout the world could be automated in some way by the newest wave of artificial intelligence that has made platforms like ChatGPT, according to Goldman Sachs economists.
In a report, they predicted that 18% of work globally could be computerized, with the effects caused more deeply in advanced economies than emerging markets. That's partly because white collar workers are seen to be more at risk than manual labourers. Administrative workers and lawyers are expected to be most affected, the economists said, compared to the “little effect” seen on physically demanding or outdoor occupations, such as construction and repair work.
In the United States and Europe, about two thirds of current jobs are exposed to some degree of AI automation, and up to a quarter of all work could be done by AI completely, the bank estimated.
Further use of such AI will likely contribute to job losses, the Goldman Sachs economists wrote. But they noted that technological innovation that initially displaces workers has historically also created employment growth in the long run.
While workplaces may shift, widespread adoption of AI could ultimately increase labour productivity and boost global GDP by 7% annually over a 10 year period, according to Goldman Sachs economists.
“Although the impact of AI on the labour market is likely to be significant, most jobs and industries are only partially exposed to automation and are thus more likely to be complemented rather than replaced by AI，” the economists added. “Most workers are employed in occupations that are partially exposed to AI automation and, following AI adoption, will likely apply at least some of their freed up capacity towards productive activities that increase output.”
For US workers expected to be affected, for instance, 25% to 50% of their workload can be replaced, the researchers added. “The combination of significant labour cost savings, new job creation, and a productivity boost for non displaced workers raises the possibility of a labour productivity boom like those that followed the emergence of earlier general purpose technologies like the electric motor and personal computer.”
1．Who are less likely to be affected by AI automation according to Paragraph 2
A．Repairmen. B．White-collar workers.
C．Administrative workers. D．Lawyers.
答案：A　
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Administrative workers and lawyers are expected to be most affected, the economists said, compared to the ‘little effect’ seen on physically demanding or outdoor occupations, such as construction and repair work.”可知，行政工作者和律师这些白领员工受到的影响比建筑工作者和维修工作者大，所以结合选项可知维修工受到的影响较小。故选A项。
2．What can we learn about AI according to Goldman Sachs economists
A．AI may cause little impact on the labour market.
B．AI has replaced most jobs and industries.
C．AI may increase labour productivity.
D．AI has caused huge job losses.
答案：C　
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段“While workplaces may shift, widespread adoption of AI could ultimately increase labour productivity and boost global GDP by 7% annually over a 10-year period, according to Goldman Sachs economists.”可知，AI可能会提高劳动生产率。故选C项。
3．What does the underlined word “complement” in Paragraph 6 mean
A．To add to something to improve. B．To destroy.
C．To introduce new things. D．To displace.
答案：A　
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在语境“Although the impact of AI on the labour market is likely to be significant, most jobs and industries are only partially exposed to automation and are thus more likely to be complemented rather than replaced by AI ...”可知， although表示让步，即尽管人工智能对劳动力市场的影响可能很大，但大多数工作和行业只是部分地受到自动化的影响，因此更有可能被人工智能补充而不是取代，故complement的意思是“补充某事物并使其改善”。故选A项。
4．What's the best title for the text
A．The Concept of AI
B．The Achievements of AI
C．The Impacts of AI
D．The Development of AI
答案：C　
解析：主旨大意题。文章首段“As many as 300 million full-time jobs throughout the world could be automated in some way by the newest wave of artificial intelligence that has made platforms like ChatGPT, according to Goldman Sachs economists.”点明主旨，指出人工智能会对全球许多工作产生影响。再结合接下来的内容可知，高盛集团的经济学家具体讨论了人工智能对工作岗位和劳动生产率的影响。由此可推测出，本文围绕“人工智能的影响”展开。C项“人工智能的影响”最适合作文章标题。故选C项。(共116张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
01.课前预习·自主学习
02.要点精研·探究学习
03.课时达标·随堂自测
04.课时作业（三）
内容
索引
01.课前预习·自主学习
词汇预习·夯实基础
Ⅰ.认知词汇知其意
1．complex adj. ____________
2．diverge v. ________________
3．undergrowth n. _____________________________________
4．numerous adj. ____________
5．dilemma n. ___________________
6．circumstance n. ____________
7．affection n. ____________
8．shift n. ____________________________________
复杂的
(两条路)岔开，分开
(长在大树下或周边的)下木层，下层灌木丛
许多的，很多的
进退两难的境地，困境
情况，情形
喜爱，钟爱
(工厂、医院等轮班制中的)当班时间
Ⅱ.拓展词汇知变形
1．commerce n．贸易；商业，商务→________ adj. & n．商业的；靠广告收入的；(电视或电台的)商业广告
2．think v．想，认为，思考→thought n．思考；思想；想法→________ adj.认真思考的，深思的
3．alter v．更改；改变→________ n．可供选择的事物
4．qualify v．取得资格；有资格→________ adj.合格的，胜任的→qualification n．资格；条件
5．fluent adj.流利的，流畅的→fluently adv.流利地→________ n．熟练，流利
commercial
thoughtful
alternative
qualified
fluency
6．admit v．承认；准许进入；容许→________ n．允许进入(加入)；承认；入场费；录用
7．participate vi.参与，参加；分享→________ n．参加，参与
8．mix v．(使)混合；配制→________ n．混合；混合体
9．sincere adj.真诚的；真挚的→________ adv.由衷地，真诚地，真心实意地
10．refresh v．恢复精神；喝饮料，吃点心；补充营养→________ n．茶点，点心和饮料
admission
participation
mixture
sincerely
refreshments
Ⅲ.短语互译
1．________________ 做出决定，拿定主意
2．________________ (对原先的决定)犹豫，产生怀疑
3．________________ 推迟……，使……延期
4．________________________ pass up
5．______________________ reject... out of hand
6．________________ weigh up
make up one's mind
have second thoughts
put off
放过，放弃，错过(机会)
坚决拒绝……；彻底否决……
仔细考虑，权衡
预习验收·衔接课堂
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．This project involves a lot of ________ (复杂的) technical problems.
2．The company has indeed become more ________ (商业的) over the past decade.
3．Children need lots of love and ________ (关怀).
4．________ (熟练) in French is required for this job.
complex
commercial
affection
Fluency
5．Emotional or mental problems can ________ (引起) from a physical cause.
6．She failed to gain ________ (允许进入) to the university of her choice.
7．I ________ (真诚地) believe that this is the right decision.
8．The night ________ (当班时间) has just come off duty.
9．All in all, we believed that she was a ________ (合格的) teacher.
arise
admission
sincerely
shift
qualified
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．This may cause a person to have second ________ (think) about the purchase.
2．She is never completely ________ (sincere) in what she says about people.
3．She studied eight foreign languages but is ________ (fluency) in only six of them.
4．The traffic accident yesterday ________ (arise) from his carelessness.
thoughts
sincere
fluent
arose
5．A back injury prevented active ________ (participate) in any sports for a while.
6．It was very thoughtful of you ________ (send) the flowers.
7．We often find ourselves involved ________ a dilemma.
8．She's extremely well ________ (qualify) for the job.
participation
to send
in
qualified
Ⅲ.短语填空
have second thoughts, put off, on a daily basis, range from... to, arise from, result in, turn down, make the most of
1．You only have one ride through life, so ________________ it and enjoy it.
2．Women who ________________ having a baby often make the best mothers.
3．The job which is paid ________________ is suitable for me.
make the most of
put off
on a daily basis
4．Accommodation ________ tourist class ________ first class.
5．These policies ________________many elderly people suffering hardship.
6．Are there any matters ________________ the minutes of the last meeting
7．Do you ________________ about coming back next year
8．Do you think I should ________________ his offer
ranges from
to
resulted in
arising from
have second thoughts
turn down
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．我很遗憾错过了一个这么好的学习机会。(it作形式主语)
_______________________ such a good chance/opportunity to learn.
2．要是她忘记带来，会怎么样呢？(what if...)
________________ to bring it
3．宾客中包括来自世界各地的专家。(介词短语置于句首)
________________ the experts coming from all over the world.
4．最终这个点子是好还是坏，我们会搞清楚的。(whether... or...)
_____________________________________， we'll find out.
It is a great pity for me to pass up
What if she forgets
Among the guests are
Whether it turns out to be a good idea or a bad idea
Ⅰ.框架建构：整体理解
Part 1：(Para.1) The ________ of the poem.
Part 2：(Paras. 2－4) The ________ and interpretation of the poem.
Part 3：(Para.5) How should we face our future
popularity
appreciation
Ⅱ.文本剖析：细节探究
Choose the best answer.
1．From the first paragraph, we can conclude that ________．
A.the poem is famous because it describes the beauty of nature
B．the poem is very popular with people
C．the poem has close connection with commercials
D．the poem is the most famous American poem of all time
B
2．What can't we infer from the passage
A．The poem is a very noted American poem.
B．There are many choices around us.
C．Once we make a decision, it is impossible to go back.
D．We shouldn't look back with regret.
C
3．According to the passage, what attitude should we have in the face of future
A．Optimistic. B．Pessimistic.
C．Indifferent. D．Cautious.
A
4．What does “it” mean in the sentence “... it can also lead to new adventures and experiences.” (Para.5)
A．A more unusual path.
B．A new understanding of the poem.
C．Another understanding of life.
D．A way of making decisions.
A
5．What is the main idea of this passage
A．Face the future without regret.
B．A famous poem.
C．How to make a choice.
D．How to enjoy a poem.
A
Ⅲ.重点句式补全
1．我认为不参加考试就放弃录取的机会会非常遗憾。
I think _________________________ the opportunity to be admitted without taking the exam.
2．但如果我考得不够好，进不了医学院怎么办？
But ____________ I don't do well enough in the exam to get into Medical School
it would be a great pity to pass up
what if
3．弗罗斯特最著名的诗歌有《未选择的路》、《火与冰》、《雪夜林边小驻》和《白桦树》。
_________________________ The Road Not Taken, Fire and Ice, Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening and Birches.
4．虽然这首诗的作者考虑改天走另一条路，但是他知道，他不可能有机会这样做。
Although the writer of the poem considers taking the other path another day, he known ____________________ he will ever have the opportunity to do so.
Among Frost's best-known poems are
it's unlikely that
原文研读·立体透析
[词汇积累]
①diverge/da 'v d /v．(两条路)岔开，分开
②undergrowth/' nd ɡr θ/ n．(长在大树下或周边的)下木层，下层灌木丛
③quote v．引述，引用
④a number of 许多，若干
⑤numerous/'nju m( )r s/adj.许多的，很多的
⑥commercial/k 'm ( )l/n.(电视或电台的)商业广告
⑦thoughtful/'θ tf( )l/ adj.认真思考的，深思的
⑧cannot help but do...不得不做
⑨symbolize/'s mb la z/v．象征，代表
⑩representationn．呈现；表示法
alternative/ l't n t v/n.可供选择的事物
on a daily basis每天
dilemma/d 'lem / n．进退两难的境地，困境
arise/ 'ra z/v．(由……)引起
arise from由……引起，起因于
result in导致，结果是
have... in common 与……有共同点，有相似之处
specific adj.详细的，具体的，明确的
circumstance /'s k mst ns/ n.情况，情形
[教材原文]
The Road Not Taken
Two roads diverged① in a yellow wood，And sorry I could not travel both
And be one traveler, long I stoodAnd looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth②；Then took the other, as just as fair，
And having perhaps the better claim，Because it was grassy and wanted wear；
Though as for that, the passing thereHad worn them really about the same，

And both that morning equally layIn leaves no step had trodden black.
Oh, I kept the first for another day!Yet knowing how way leads on to way，
I doubted if I should ever come back.

I shall be telling this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages hence：
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I —I took the one less traveled by，
And that has made all the difference.
Lines from the poem The Road Not Taken are often quoted③ in speeches of all kinds. The poem has been set to music by a number of④ artists and used in numerous⑤ television commercials⑥. It has in fact become one of the most famous American poems of all time, not_only_because_of_its_natural_style,_but_also_because_of_its_thoughtful⑦_insights_into_human_nature [1].
[1]not only...but also...不但……而且……
When_reading_The_Road_Not_Taken [2], one cannot help but see⑧ in one's mind images of a peaceful wood deep within the countryside. Paths in the woods are often used to symbolize⑨ how our lives progress and change. The lines “Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, /And sorry I could not travel both” give us a visual representation⑩ of the choices that_we_face_and_the_decisions_that_we_need_to_make [3]. Life throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis .
These range from the basic “What should I wear today？” to the key issues of what subject to study at university or what job to do after graduation. Of course, the greatest dilemmas arise from moral problems, when_we_are_uncertain_which_choice_results_in _doing_the_right_thing [4].
[2]When doing...省略句。
[3]and连接两个并列的定语从句，第一个that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词choices；第二个that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词decisions。
[4]when引导时间状语从句；其中，which引导宾语从句。
Whether_big_or_small,_what_all_our_choices_have_in_common _is_that_they_lead_to_specific _consequences [5]. Once_we_make_a_decision [6], in most circumstances ， there is no going back. Although_the_writer_of_the_poem_considers_taking_the_other_path_another_day,_he_knows_it's_unlikely_that_he_will_ever_have_the_opportunity_to_do_so [7]. Like the writer, all we can do is look backwards “with a sigh” and imagine what_could_have_been [8].
[5]Whether...or...无论……还是……，省略句；what引导主语从句；that引导表语从句。
[6]Once引导时间状语从句，表示“一旦……就……”。
[7]Although引导让步状语从句；that引导主语从句，it作形式主语。
[8]what引导宾语从句。
[课文译文]
未选择的路
黄色的树林里分出两条路，
可惜我不能同时去涉足，
我在那路口久久伫立，
我向着一条路极目望去，
直到它消失在丛林深处。
但我选了另外一条路，
它荒草萋萋，十分幽寂，
显得更诱人，更美丽；
虽然在这条小路上，
很少留下旅人的足迹。

那天清晨落叶满地，
两条路都未经脚印污染。
啊，留下一条路等改日再见！
但我知道路径延绵无尽头，
恐怕我难以再回返。

也许多少年后在某个地方，
我将轻声叹息将往事回顾：
一片树林里分出两条路——
而我选择了人迹更少的一条，
从此决定了我一生的道路。
诗歌《未选择的路》中的诗句在各种演讲中经常被引用。这首诗被许多艺术家改编为音乐，并在许多电视商业广告中使用。事实上，它已成为美国有史以来最著名的诗歌之一，这不仅因为它的自然风格，还因为它对人性的细致观察。
当读《未选择的路》时，人们的脑海中不禁浮现出乡村深处一片宁静的树林。树林里的小路经常被用来象征我们的生活如何进步和变化。这两行“黄色的树林里分出两条路，可惜我不能同时去涉足”，直观地表达了我们面临的选择和我们需要做出的决定。生活每天给我们提供许多选择，从最基本的“我今天应该穿什么”到大学学习什么科目或毕业后做什么工作等诸多关键问题。当然，当我们不确定哪个选择会引导我们做正确的事情时，最大的困境来自道德问题。
无论大小，我们的所有选择都有一个共同点，即它们都会有具体的结果。一旦我们做出决定，在大多数情况下，就不会再回头了。虽然这首诗的作者考虑改天走另一条路，但是他知道，他不太可能有机会这样做。和作者一样，我们所能做的就是往后看时会叹息，并想象本来可以发生的事情而已。
understandable adj.可以理解的
for instance例如
unknowingly adv.不知不觉地
turn down拒绝
mixture/'m kst /n.混合；混合体
while conj.然而
nonetheless adv.尽管如此，但是
make the most of充分利用
instead of代替；而不是
optimism n．乐观；乐观主义
This sigh, this wondering whether we made the right choice, is understandable . Although we may be free to choose which_path_to_take [9], this choice isn't easy when_those_two_paths_look_similar [10]. Presented with two job offers, for instance ， we may wonder exactly what_it_is_we're_choosing_between [11]. What_if,_in_choosing_one,_we_are_unknowingly
_turning_down _other_future_opportunities [12] Will we ever even find out whether_we_made_the_right_choice [13]
[9]wh-疑问词＋to do，作choose的宾语。
[10]when引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”。
[11]what引导宾语从句。
[12]What if...？表示“假如……会怎么样？”
[13]whether引导宾语从句。
Ultimately, the road ahead—the road through our lives—is a mixture of choice and chance. And when we are approaching the end of that road, how will we remember the journey How will we look back on our lives In the poem, the writer doubts his choice, thinking_that_in_the_future_“ages_and_ages_hence”[14], he may claim that he took the “less traveled” road. Some_of_us_do_take_a_more_unusual_path_through_life [15], and while it may be a harder one to follow, it can also lead to new adventures and experiences.
Nonetheless ， part of the art of decision-making is learning to make the most of our decisions. Instead of looking back with regret, we should be facing our future with energy and optimism , for_the_choices_are_ours,_and_ours_only [16].
[14]现在分词短语作状语。
[15]强调句，强调谓语动词用“do/does/did＋动词原形”。
[16]连词for引导并列句，意为“因为”。,　　这叹息是可以理解的，它是想知道我们是否做出了正确的选择。尽管我们可以自由选择走哪条路，但当这两条路看起来很相似时，这个选择就不容易了。例如，当我们面对两份工作机会时，我们可能会想，我们究竟该选择两份工作中的哪一份呢。如果在选择一条道路时不知不觉地拒绝了其他未来的机会怎么办呢？我们能不能弄清楚我们是否做出了正确的选择？
最终，前方的道路是选择和机遇的混合体，它贯穿我们的一生。当我们接近那条路的尽头时，我们又将如何记住这段旅程呢？我们如何回顾我们的生活？在诗歌中，作者怀疑自己的选择，认为在未来“多少年后”，他可能会声称他走的是“很少人走”的道路。我们中一些人在生活中确实走了一条更不寻常的道路，虽然它可能是一条更难走的道路，但它也可以带来新的冒险和体验。然而，决策的艺术其中一部分是学会充分利用我们的决定。我们不应该遗憾地回顾过去，而应该以活力和乐观来面对未来，因为选择是我们的，而且只有我们自己的选择。
02.要点精研·探究学习
1)complex adj.复杂的)
(教材原句)He often used simple settings in his poems to explore complex personal and social themes.
他经常在诗歌中使用简单的背景来探索复杂的个人和社会主题。
Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types.
许多参观者对复杂的建筑空间和丰富的建筑类型感到惊讶。
The world is more complex than it seems.世界比看起来更加复杂。
a complex problem/subject 复杂难懂的问题/科目
a complex system of highways 复杂的公路网
the complex structure of the human brain 错综复杂的人脑构造
[单词积累]
complexity n．复杂性
近义词：complicated adj.复杂的，难懂的
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Only then did he understand the full ________ (complex) of the problem.
完成句子
②The ________________ (复杂的关系) among them made me amazed.
complexity
complex relationship
2)symbolize v．象征，是……的象征；代表)
(教材原句)Paths in the woods are often used to symbolize how our lives progress and change.
树林里的小路经常被用来象征我们的生活如何进步和变化。
The use of light and dark symbolizes good and evil.
用光明与黑暗来象征善与恶。
He came to symbolize his country's struggle for independence.
他逐渐成为祖国为争取独立而斗争的象征。
symbolize good and evil 象征善与恶
symbolize his country's struggle for independence
成为祖国为争取独立而斗争的象征
[单词积累]
symbol n．象征，标志，符号，记号
symbolism n．象征主义
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①What does this strange mark ________ (symbol).
②The fall of the Berlin Wall (柏林墙) ________ (symbolize) the end of the Cold War between East and West.
symbolize
symbolized
3)alternative n. & adj.可供选择的事物；可替代的，另外的，两者择一的)
(教材原句)Life throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis.
生活每天给我们提供许多选择。
I had no alternative but to report him to the police.
除了向警方举报他，我别无选择。
You can see changes in their life that are connected to their alternative break experiences.
你可以看到他们生活中的变化与他们选择的休息经历有关。
He had no choice but to leave.除了离去，他别无选择。
(1)have no alternative but to do sth.
＝have no choice but to do sth. 除了做某事之外别无选择
an alternative to... ……的替代品
(2)alternative energy 替代能源
alternative ways/methods 可供选择的方法
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Like my friend, I now have an alternative ________________ complaining.
to
②If we expect people to give up the habit of driving, we must give them an ________________ (alternate) they can rely on.
句型转换
③Lacking money, I have no choice but to give up the plan.
→Lacking money, I ________________________ but to give up the plan.
→Lacking money, I can do nothing but ____________ the plan.
alternative
have no alternative
give up
4)arise v. (由……)引起，出现，发生)
(教材原句)Of course, the greatest dilemmas arise from moral problems, when we are uncertain which choice results in doing the right thing.当然，当我们不确定哪个选择会引导我们做正确的事情时，最大的困境来自道德问题。
As we all know, most car accidents arise out of carelessness.
＝As we all know, most car accidents arise/result from carelessness.
众所周知，大部分交通事故是由粗心大意引起的。
arise from/out of＝result from　　　　　因……引起
[一词多义]　arise：起床；起身；出现　arise→arose→arisen
[对比记忆]
原形 过去式 过去分词 词义
arise arose arisen (由……)引起；出现，发生
rise rose risen 升起；上涨
raise raised raised 举起；提高
arouse aroused aroused 唤醒；引起
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He recognized that most of his mistakes arose ________ his nervousness in the exam.
②A number of high buildings ________ (arise) where there was nothing a year ago but ruins.
from
have arisen
5)circumstance n．情况，情形(一般用复数))
(教材原句)Once we make a decision, in most circumstances, there is no going back.
一旦我们做出决定，在大多数情况下，就不会再回头了。
They can change according to circumstances.
他们可以根据情况改变。
Your personal circumstances are equally important.
你的个人情况也同样重要。
Under the circumstances, it seemed better not to tell him about the accident.
在这种情况下，不告诉他有关这次事故的情况似乎更好。
In no circumstances must you forget to lock the door.
在任何情况下你都不能忘记锁门。
under/in the circumstances 在这种情况下
under/in no circumstances 决不/无论如何都不
[名师点津]　under/in no circumstances是表示否定意义的介词短语，位于句首时句子要用部分倒装，即将助动词、情态动词或连系动词be提到主语之前。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①________ no circumstances will I make an apology to him.
②________ the circumstances, his carelessness can result in serious accidents.
③We can't take measures until we've known all the ________ (circumstance).
Under/In
Under/In
circumstances
完成句子
④It's the best result that could be expected ______________________ (在这种情况下).
⑤______________________________ (我绝不会) participate in such kind of activities.
under/in the circumstances
Under/In no circumstances will I
6)affection n．喜爱，钟爱　affect v．使感动，影响　effect n．影响，后果)
The little boy has a great affection for detective novels.
这个小男孩非常喜欢侦探小说。
The trainee correspondent looked back on those days with affection.这位见习记者深情地回顾那些日子。
The crisis had a negative effect on trade.
这次危机对贸易产生了很坏的影响。
have a great affection for 非常喜爱……
show sb. affection 向某人表示喜爱
with affection 深情地
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I have no idea why he has such a great ________ (affect) for New York.
②She still speaks about him ________ great affection.
③Children need lots of love and ________ (affect).
affection
with
affection
④He ________________ (非常喜爱) this area where there are adequate natural resources.
⑤She envied our family atmosphere where our parents __________________________ (对我们很慈爱).
has a great affection for
showed us much affection
7)thoughtful adj.认真思考的，深思的；体贴的)
a thoughtful look若有所思的神情
They sat in thoughtful silence.他们坐着，沉思不语。
It was very thoughtful of you to send the flowers.
你送花来，想得真周到。
Thank you for your constant care of my mother and your thoughtfulness.
感谢一直以来你们对我母亲的照顾，以及对我的关心。
It is thoughtful of sb. to do sth.　　某人做某事是体贴的
[单词积累]　thought n．想法，思考，思维
thoughtfully adv.深思地，体贴地
thoughtfulness n．深思，体贴
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①My first impression of him was that he was a kind and ________ (thought) young man.
②Clearly and ________ (thought) written, the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.
③I wrote him a letter to express my appreciation of his ________ (thoughtful).
④It is thoughtful of you ________ (help) me deal with such a complex problem.
thoughtful
thoughtfully
thoughtfulness
to help
8)on a daily basis每天)
On a daily basis she reminds me that life goes on.
她每天都提醒我，生活还要继续。
He arrived at the conclusion on the basis of the experiment data.他是根据实验数据得出这个结论的。
What are you basing this theory on
你这种理论的根据是什么？
on a regular/weekly basis 定期/每周
on the basis of 在……的基础上，根据……
base... on/upon... 把……建立在……基础上
be based on 以……为基础/根据
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①There are so many things to remember ________ a daily basis.
②The cafeteria charges customers ________ an hourly basis for the service.
完成句子
③His decision was made ________________ (在……的基础上) incorrect information.
④The film ______________ (以……为根据) a short story by Thomas Mann.
on
on
on the basis of
is based on
9)result in导致，造成)
The cyclone has resulted in many thousands of deaths.
气旋已经造成了成千上万的人死亡。
Icy conditions resulted in two roads being closed.
路面结冰，导致两条公路被封闭。
Hard work results in success.努力终会成功。
＝Success results from hard work.成功来自努力。
[即学即练]　选词填空(result in/result from/as a result/as a result of)
①_____________ her excellent performance, she got her ambition achieved.
②The situation is so complex. ________， he turned to his father for help.
③This decision could ________________ serious consequences.
④The accident that ________ the death of two passengers ________ careless driving.
As a result of
As a result
result in
resulted in
resulted from
10)(教材原句)Like the writer, all we can do is look backwards “with a sigh” and imagine what could have been.和作者一样，我们所能做的就是往后看时会叹息，并想象本来可以发生的事情而已。)
[句式解构]　
look和imagine都是省略to的不定式短语作表语；what引导宾语从句，作imagine的宾语。
不带to的不定式作表语：
不定式作表语时，不定式符号to通常保留。但当what引导的名词性从句作主语或all，everything等后接定语从句作主语，且从句谓语部分含有实义动词do的某种形式时，作表语的不定式常可省略to。
What I want to do is buy a pair of boots.
我想做的是买一双靴子。
All we can do is educate the students well.
我们所能做的就是把学生教育好。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①All we need to do is ________ (press) the red button.
②What he did to the matter was ________ (keep) silent.
③The first thing I do every morning is ________ (take) plenty of exercise.
(to) press
(to) keep
(to) take
完成句子
④What we must do now is _________________________ (找另一个人来帮助我们).
⑤All he could do then was ____________________ (向老师求助).
(to) find another person to help us
(to) turn to his teacher for help
03.课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．You are imposing historical analysis on an economy whose growth is actually highly ________ (复杂的).
2．The American Aging Association Trainee Chapter offers ________ (许多的) benefits to learners at all levels.
3．The team advises us to provide sufficient time for ________ (令人深思的) participation in the research.
4．If you are denied admission to Sichuan University, you may use an ________ (可供选择的事物) pathway towards acceptance.
complex
numerous
thoughtful
alternative
5．The ________ (进退两难的境地) demonstrates how ambition often leads to success.
6．Stanley Miller set out to use a combination of simple organic molecules, heat and periodic burst of electricity through the ________ (混合物), ultimately producing this kind of molecules.
7．A few questions have ________ (引起) in the correspondent's brain after he heard it.
8．________ (象征主义) is always an eternal and controversial topic in the detective novel.
dilemma
mixture
arisen
Symbolism
9．BBC correspondent says Microsoft reckons Skype's popularity will provide new ________ (商业的) opportunities, even though most of its services are free.
10．He ultimately realized that no one can be a good teacher unless he has great ________ (喜爱) towards his students.
11．After graduation from the program, the trainee will be ________ (合格的) to join in and take charge in the respective specialty stores in Beijing and other cities.
commercial
affection
qualified
12．It was thoughtful of you to promise to see after the children when I was on the night ________ (当班时间).
13．Although the _____________ (情况) were very terrible, we still made up our mind to take action to improve it.
shift
circumstances
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Ultimately it will be the only real, immediate alternative ________ petrol.
2．In this circumstance, the architect adds value by analyzing the impact and ________ (complex) of the requirements.
3．Numerous yellow leaves of autumn flutter and fall there ________ a sigh.
to
complexity
with
4．He hoped the company ultimately to __________ (commercial) his unique ideas.
5．In a big department store, there are ________ (number) departments selling different kinds of refreshments.
6．This course will provide the students new ________ (insight) into the complex activities involved in management science, sociology, psychology, and many other areas.
7.I sincerely thank your ________ (thought) arrangements for my birthday party.
commercialize
numerous
insights
thoughtful
8．Many of our beliefs come from our circumstance, the world we live in on a daily ________ (base).
9．She was ________ a dilemma as to whether to put off the travel plan.
10．I am sincerely thankful for having the opportunity ________ (live) with my parents, which not every young American has.
11．Being aware of your circumstances all the time is a good idea not just for the memory training, but for your ________ (participate) in life.
basis
in
to live
participation
12．The complex conflicts and ________ (mixture) can be perceived between Jewish traditional culture they load and American culture.
13．He didn't realize his speech would ________ (symbolism) power, nobility, luxury, and ambition.
14．The dog has shifted its ________ (affect) to its new master.
15．It is very possible to take control of your thoughts and make them work for your circumstances as opposed to ________ (work) against them.
mix
symbolize
affection
working
04.课时作业（三）
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Yet, now that I'm growing and the world I once knew as being so simple is becoming more c________ (复杂的), I make up my mind to find a way to escape.
2．There have always been numerous differences between community radio and c________ (商业的) radio.
3．Many donators have rushed into fancy programmes without weighing up the relative long term costs and benefits of a________ (可供选择的) uses of their money.
complex
commercial
alternative
4．While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other circumstances that can a________ (出现).
5．Students should be able to extend the logic of each to their particular c_____________ (情况) in fluency.
6．The scene is so rich in s________ (象征主义) that any explanation is in vain ultimately.
7．The correspondent kept bringing me r___________ (饮料) and fanning me as it was that hot.
8．In fact, I s________ (由衷地) believe that this is the right historical decision.
arise
circumstance
symbolism
refreshments
sincerely
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact on college ________ (admit) and practical life skills.
2．One of my most able students ________ (reject) by another university ultimately yesterday.
admissions
解析：句意：戈登说，HUNCH项目对大学招生和实用的生活技能(的培养)有影响。admission n．准许进入；承认；坦白；入场费。
was rejected
解析：句意：昨天，我的一个最有能力的学生最终申请另一所大学落选了。
3．My back injury passed up active ________ (participate) in sports for a while.
4．Could there be numerous ________ (describe) of offices ，factories and committees
participation
解析：句意：我的背伤曾一度让我错过积极参加体育运动。
descriptions
解析：句意：还有更多关于办公室、工厂和委员会的描述吗？ description n．描述；形容。
5．Ask questions, but make sure they are complex, ________ (think) questions.
6．If prepared many hours ahead, the complex ________ (mix) may separate out.
thoughtful
解析：句意：问问题，但要确保它们是复杂的、深思熟虑的问题。
mixture
解析：句意：如果提前几个小时就准备好了，复杂的混合物可能会分离开。
7．Touched by their enthusiastic expression of ________ (affect), Mabry thanked them all sincerely.
8．I don't know much about the bullfighting, so I don't feel ________ (qualify) to comment.
affection
解析：句意：被他们热烈表达的情感所打动，马布里诚心诚意地感谢了他们所有人。
qualified
解析：句意：关于斗牛我所知不多，所以我觉得没资格评论。
9．When the trainee began to give the speech, to our surprise, she spoke English with great ________ (fluent).
10．Nowadays the ambition for travelling ________ (shift) from shopping to food and scenery.
fluency
解析：句意：当这个实习生开始演讲的时候，使我们惊奇的是，她的英语说得非常流畅。
is shifted
解析：句意：当今，旅行的追求从购物转变成了(品尝)食物和(欣赏)风景。shift vt. & vi.改变；去掉；摆脱掉；换挡；轮班； n．转换；变迁，变化；(工厂、医院等轮班制中的)当班时间。根据句意可知这里用动词，且用被动语态。
Ⅲ.用所给短语的适当形式填空
have second thoughts, as far as, result in, turn down, set in, make up one's mind
1．As you can see, the complex scene of the novel is ____________ Scotland.
2．The detective has ____________________ to give a dinner party, but has not yet determined the guests to be invited.
set in
made up his/her mind
3．I have never _________________ about my decision to put off the participation.
4．Fields of undergrowth spread out ____________ the eye could see.
5．Most of the parents desire their children do well in their studies, ____________ great stress on them ultimately.
6．Mum ____________ my suggestion while Dad sincerely spoke in favour of it.
had second thoughts
as far as
resulting in　
turned down
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
The Road Not Taken was written by Robert Frost, 1.________ was one of America's most famous poets. The poem has in fact become one of the 2.________ (much) famous American poems of all time. When 3.________ (read) The Road Not Taken, one cannot help but see in one's mind images of a peaceful wood deep within the countryside. Paths in the woods are often used 4.___________ (symbolize) how our lives progress and change. Of course, the greatest dilemmas arise from moral problems, when we are 5.________ (certain) which choice results in doing the right thing.
who
most
reading
to symbolize
uncertain
Once we make a decision, in most 6.___________ (circumstance), there is no going back. 7.________ (present) with two job offers, for instance, we may wonder exactly 8.________ it is we're choosing between. Some of us do take a more unusual path through life, and while it may be a 9.________ (hard) one to follow, it can also lead to new adventures and experiences. Nonetheless, part of the art of decision making is learning to make the most of our decisions. Instead 10.________ looking back with regret, we should be facing our future with energy and optimism, for the choices are ours.
circumstances
Presented
what
harder
of
Ⅰ.阅读理解
The Friends of Charles Dickens
Dickens was born in 1812. His father, a clerk in the navy pay office, was thrown into debtors' prison. The miserable treatment of children and the institution of the debtors' jail became topics of several of Dickens' novels.
Wilkie Collins(1824～1889)
Although twelve years younger than Dickens, Wilkie Collins became one of Dickens' best friends. Collins was a popular novelist who developed the mystery novel style. The Moonstone is one of his best. He and Dickens wrote The Frozen Deep. Wilkie was the son of the painter William Collins. He was born in London and lived in Italy and France as a child.
John Elliotson (1791～1868)
Elliotson was Dickens' family doctor for many years and thus they became good friends. Elliotson was an early advocate for the use of the stethoscope (听诊器). He also believed in the use of acupuncture(针灸).
Edgar Allan Poe (1809～1849)
Poe was an American author best known for his poems and short fiction. The Fall of the House of Usher and The Murders in the Rue Morgue are two of his most popular works. Dickens and Poe's friendship began in Philadelphia while Dickens was on his first tour of the United States.
They talked about literature and seemed to enjoy one another's company. However, two years later Poe broke off the relationship because he was angry about an article on American poetry. The article was written by Thackeray, but Poe believed that Dickens was behind the article.
William Makepeace Thackeray (1811～1863)
William Makepeace Thackeray was a novelist. His best known work is Vanity Fair. He was also a friend of Charles Dickens. While Dickens and Thackeray were friends, the relationship wasn't always smooth. They had several serious quarrels. One quarrel involved Dickens siding with Edmund Yates after Yates insulted Thackeray.
1．Who took care of Dickens' health for years
A．Collins. B．Poe.
C．Elliotson. D．Thackeray.
答案：C　
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“Elliotson was Dickens' family doctor for many years and thus they became good friends.”可知，Elliotson是Dickens的家庭医生，因此，他曾照顾Dickens的健康。故选C项。
2．What broke Dickens and Poe's friendship
A．A traffic accident.
B．Their ideas on running companies.
C．A poem written by Dickens.
D．An article written by Thackeray.
答案：D　
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句“However, two years later Poe broke off the relationship because he was angry about an article on American poetry. The article was written by Thackeray, but Poe believed that Dickens was behind the article.”可知，Poe对一篇关于美国诗歌的文章很生气，他认为是Dickens写的，但事实上它是Thackeray写的，即Thackeray写的一篇文章破坏了Dickens和Poe的友谊。故选D项。
3．What is Thackeray's most famous novel
A．Vanity Fair.
B．The Moonstone.
C．The Fall of the House of Usher.
D．The Murders in the Rue Morgue.
答案：A　
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段第一、二句“William Makepeace Thackeray was a novelist. His best known work is Vanity Fair.”可知， Thackeray最著名的小说是Vanity Fair(《名利场》)。故选A项。
Ⅱ.七选五
Many campers love to plan their trips during the autumn season. __1__ Whether you'll be camping alone, with family or your friends, the autumn season offers lots of activities that make your outdoor adventure more fun! Here are some fall camping tips to make your trip more memorable.
Schedule for the cool weather. Even though summer just ended, you should be prepared for cool weather. __2__ It could be hot and sunny during the day, but very cold once the sun goes down. You wouldn't want your trip to be ruined because you keep waking up in the early morning because of cold weather.
Schedule your cooking times. An important thing to keep in mind is that the days are shorter during cool seasons. More importantly, food takes longer to cook when the weather is cold. So schedule your cooking times to make sure that you enjoy your meal times. __3__
Be careful with bears. Campers should know that it is quite important to protect themselves from bears and other wildlife. __4__ Wildlife becomes more active around this time looking for food as winter nears.
__5__ There are lots of apple trees in the country where you camp. If you're lucky enough to have one near your chosen campsite, consider apple picking during the day. To get even more fun out of autumn, you can also choose to go pumpkin picking. You can also bring your own pumpkins to carve around the campfire! The kids will love it.
A．Go apple or pumpkin picking.
B．Collect colourful leaves from trees.
C．Autumn weather is very unpredictable.
D．But we must be extra careful during the fall season.
E．Be sure you cook dinner and clean up before the sun goes down.
F．All the animals wake up and are very hungry at this time of the year.
G．There are plenty of fun activities you can enjoy during your camping trip.
1．答案：G　解析：由上文“Many campers love to plan their trips during the autumn season.”和下文“Whether you'll be camping alone, with family or your friends, the autumn season offers lots of activities that make your outdoor adventure more fun！”可知，设空处应陈述野营有很多好玩的活动。G选项“There are plenty of fun activities you can enjoy during your camping trip.”中plenty of fun activities与下文lots of activities相对应。
2．答案：C解析：根据下文“It could be hot and sunny during the day, but very cold once the sun goes down.”可知，设空处可能陈述秋天的天气多变。C选项“Autumn weather is very unpredictable.”与下文中白天温度高，太阳落山就变冷的说法相一致。
3．答案：E　由本段首句可知是“安排烹饪时间”。由本段中“More importantly, food takes longer to cook when the weather is cold. So schedule your cooking times to make sure that you enjoy your meal times.”可知，寒冷天气注意安排烹饪时间。E选项“Be sure you cook dinner and clean up before the sun goes down.”与上文相一致，陈述了烹饪食物的时间问题。
4．答案：D　解析：由上文“Be careful with bears. Campers should know that it is quite important to protect themselves from bears and other wildlife.”和下文“Wildlife becomes more active around this time looking for food as winter nears.”可知，设空处应陈述在野营时要小心(尤其是野生动物)。D选项“But we must be extra careful during the fall season.”符合语境。
5．答案：A　解析：设空处为本段主旨句。由下文“There are lots of apple trees in the country where you camp. If you're lucky enough to have one near your chosen campsite, consider apple picking during the day. To get even more fun out of autumn, you can also choose to go pumpkin picking.”可知，本段主要讲述了可以采摘苹果或南瓜。A选项“进行苹果或南瓜采摘”可以作为主旨句，apple和pumpkin是关键词。Unit 1 单元基础知识汇总
巧记速背·自查自测
本单元词汇
[黑体部分为重点单词]
boyhood /'b h d/ n. (男性的)童年时期，少年时代
ambition / m'b ( )n/ n. 追求，理想
trainee / tre 'ni / n. 接受工作培训的人；实习生
correspondent / k r 'sp nd nt/ n. 通讯员，记者
bullfighting /'b lfa t / n. 斗牛
historical /h 'st r k( )l/ adj. (有关)历史的
detective /d 'tekt v/ n. 私家侦探
ultimately /' lt m tli/ adv. 最后，最终
dot /d t/ n. 点，小圆点
backwards /'b kw dz/ adv. 往回，往前面
admission / d'm ( )n/ n. 允许进入(加入)
participation /pɑ t s 'pe ( )n/ n. 参加，参与
complex /'k mpleks/ adj. 复杂的
diverge /da 'v d / v. (两条路)岔开，分开
undergrowth /' nd gr θ/ n. (长在大树下或周边的)下木层，下层灌木丛
numerous /'nju m( )r s/ adj. 许多的，很多的
commercial /k 'm ( )l/ n. (电视或电台的)商业广告
thoughtful /'θ tf( )l/ adj. 认真思考的，深思的
symbolize /'s mb la z/ v. 象征，代表
alternative / l't n t v/ n. 可供选择的事物
dilemma /d 'lem / n. 进退两难的境地，困境
arise / 'ra z/ v. (由……)引起
circumstance /'s k mst ns/ n. 情况，情形
mixture /'m kst / n. 混合；混合体
affection / 'fek ( )n/ n. 喜爱，钟爱
(助记)　
①派生　admit v．准许进入，录取；承认＋-sion（名词后缀：表示行为、状态或结果）→admission n．
②派生　participate v．参加，参与＋-ion（名词后缀：表示行为）→participation n．
③对比　“完成”(complete)“复杂的”(complex)工作
④串联　“不同的”(diverse)的两条路在此处“岔开”(diverge)
⑤合成　under adj.较低的，下面的＋growth n．生长物；长成物；产物→undergrowth n．
⑥派生　number n．数字；数量＋-ous（形容词后缀：具有……特征的）→numerous adj.
⑦派生　commerce n．商业，贸易＋-ial（名词后缀：与……有关）→commercial n．
⑧派生　thought n．思考；思想＋-ful（形容词后缀：充满……的）→thoughtful adj.
⑨派生　symbol n．象征＋-ize（动词后缀：使……化）→symbolize v．
⑩合成　“修改”(alter)以便使“当地人”(native)选择“可供选择的事物”(alternative)
对比　arise—arouse：问题“出现”(arise)，这“引起”(arouse)了人们的兴趣
拆分　circle n．圆形；圈子→你的“圈子”(circle)的“情况”(circumstance)如何
派生　mix v．混合＋-ure（名词后缀：表过程、动作或结果）→mixture n．
派生　affect v．影响，打动＋-ion（名词后缀：表示行为或结果）→affection n．
qualified /'kw l fa d/ adj. 合格的，胜任的
fluency /'flu nsi/ n. 熟练，流利
sincerely /s n's li/ adv. 由衷地，真诚地，真心实意地
refreshments /r 'fre m nts/ n. 茶点，点心和饮料
shift / ft/ n. (工厂、医院等轮班制中的)当班时间
(助记)　
①派生　qualify vt.使合格；使具备资格＋-ed （形容词后缀：有……特征的）→qualified adj.（此处qualify中的y变为i，然后加-ed变为形容词）
②拆分　flu（＝flow流）＋-ency （名词后缀：表示性质或状况）→fluency n．
③派生　sincere adj.由衷的；真诚的＋-ly（副词后缀：以……方式）→sincerely adv.
④派生　refresh v．喝（饮料），吃（点心）＋-ment(s)（名词后缀：表示行为的对象）→refreshments n．
本单元短语
in the face of 面对……
be forced to do 被迫做……
pass up 放过，放弃，错过(机会)
put off 推迟……，使……延期
weigh up 仔细考虑，权衡
yours sincerely 谨上，敬上，谨启(用于以某人名字开头的正式信件的末尾)
on a daily basis 每天，每日
for instance 例如
instead of 代替，而不是
take action 采取行动
make up one's mind 做出决定，拿定主意
have second thoughts (对原先的决定)犹豫，产生怀疑
reject... out of hand 坚决拒绝……；彻底否决……
arise from 起因于……
turn down 拒绝；调低(声音等)
单元评价 ·自查自测
Ⅰ.单词
1．________ adj.合格的，胜任的
2．________ adv.往回，往前面
3．________ adj.复杂的
4．________ n．可供选择的事物
5．________ v．(由……)引起
6．________ n．情况，情形
7．________ n．喜爱，钟爱
8．________ adv.由衷地，真诚地，真心实意地
9．________ adj.许多的，很多的
10．________ n．(工厂、医院等轮班制中的)当班时间
11．________ n．进退两难的境地，困境
12．________ n. 追求，理想→________ adj. 雄心勃勃的，有野心的
13．________ v. 符合，一致；通信→________ n. 通讯员，记者
14．________ v. 承认；准许进入；容许→________ n. 允许进入(加入)；承认；入场费；录用，录取
15．________ v. 参与，参加；分享→________ n. 参加，参与→________ n. 参与者
Ⅱ.短语
1．________________ 采取行动
2．________________ 集中(……)于
3．________________ 做出决定，拿定主意
4．________________ 放过，放弃，错过(机会)
5．________________ 绝望地；不顾一切地
6．________________ 在这一方面
7．________________ 根据；以……为基础
8．________________ 相比之下，相对照
9．________________ 与……比起来
10．________________ 在适当的位置；适当，恰当的
11．________________ 在压力下
12．________________ 最终是，结果是
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．be doing...when... 正在做某事，这时……
I ________________________ (正在看照片) on the noticeboard ________ (这时) I heard a voice behind me.
2．现在分词作状语，表示时间
________________ (转过身来), I saw a white-haired man.
3．too...to... 太……而不能……， 表示否定意义
I had been ____________________ (太紧张了，没有注意到) when he introduced himself!
4．make ＋宾语＋宾语补足语
Although I was embarrassed, his words ________________________ (让我更轻松了)!
Unit 1　单元基础知识汇总
单元评价·自查自纠
Ⅰ.单词
1．qualified　2.backwards　3.complex　4.alternative
5．arise　6.circumstance　7.affection　8.sincerely
9．numerous　10.shift　11.dilemma　12.ambition; ambitious
13．correspond; correspondent　14.admit; admission
15．participate; participation; participant
Ⅱ.短语
1．take action　2.focus(...) on　3.make up one's mind
4．pass up　5.in desperation　6.in this respect　7.(be) based on　8.by contrast　9.be compared to　10.in place　11.under pressure　12.turn out
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．was looking at the photos; when　2.Turning around
3．too nervous to pay attention　4.made me a lot more relaxed

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