资源简介

Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　课前预习·自主学习
词汇预习·夯实基础
Ⅰ.词义匹配
(　　)1.oasis A．n.小洞穴
(　　)2.grotto B．n.陶瓷制品
(　　)3.expo C．n.(沙漠中的)绿洲
(　　)4.ceramics D．n.活动中心，汇集地
(　　)5.crossroads E．n.展览会，博览会
Ⅱ.拓展词汇知变形
1．glory n．荣誉；光荣→________ adj.辉煌的
2．religion n．宗教→________ adj.宗教的
3．mortal adj.不能永生的 n．凡人→________ n．神
4．heaven n．天堂，天国→________ adj.天国的
5．strength n．力气，体力→________ v．加强
6．cover v．覆盖，涉及→________ n．覆盖范围
Ⅲ.补全短语
1．in ________ 详细地
2．date ________ 追溯到
3．thanks ________ 多亏，由于
4．seal ________ 封闭，密封
5．even ________ 即使
6．bring... ________ life 使复苏；(使)变得生动
预习验收·衔接课堂
Ⅰ.单词默写
1．________ n. (沙漠中的)绿洲
2．________ adj. 辉煌的
3．________ n. 小洞穴
4．________ n. 证据；证明
5．________ n. 雕像；塑像
6．________ adj. 宗教的
7．________ n. 高峰，顶点
8．________ adj. 纸卷，卷轴
9．________ n. 活动中心，汇集地
10．________ n. 展览会，博览会
11．________ vt. 加强
12．________ n. 覆盖范围
Ⅱ.短语填空
ahead of, look up, vary from... to, be unique to, as if, in detail, date from, thanks to, seal up, even though
1．Let's sit down and talk it over ________________．
2．The old temple ________________ the 16th century.
3．We ________________ the windows when winter comes.
4．________________ and you will see a plane in the sky.
5．As we all know, giant pandas ________________ China.
6．It sounds ________________ they might have made a serious mistake.
7．The election was held six months ________________ schedule.
8．Wedding traditions and customs ________________ one country ________________ another.
9．________________ your help, we accomplished the task on time.
10．We will manage to accomplish the task in time ________________ it is difficult.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．现在，我们要参观700多个洞窟中著名的几个。
Now, we are going to enter some of the city's famous caves, ________________ there are more than 700.
2．这些古老的洞窟以莫高窟而闻名天下，它们是在岩石上开凿的，有1 000多年历史了。
________________ the Mogao Grottoes, these ancient caves were carved out of the rock over a period of 1，000 years.
3．走近一点，以便你能看得更清楚。
Come a little bit closer ________________ you can get a better view.
4．画中天神在湛蓝的天空中飞翔，丝带飞舞，似乎正朝我们飞来。
The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky, ________________，as if they are about to fly down to meet us.
5．这些人物形象生动，反映了那个时代人们的自信和乐观。
These images are full of life, ________________and optimism of people from that time.
课文自测·强化理解
Ⅰ.课文解构(挑战创新题)
Ⅱ.长难句分析
1．If you look up, you can see the paintings and other artworks that are testimony to how the Silk Road brought East and West together.
[句式分析]
本句中If引导条件状语从句。that are... together 为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the paintings and other artworks。在该定语从句中how the Silk... together作to的宾语。
[尝试翻译]
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．Dating from 405 AD to 1002 AD, these hidden treasures give us a picture of Dunhuang when it was at the very centre of the Silk Road trade.
[句式分析]
Dating from 405 AD to 1002 AD为现在分词短语，在句中作状语。when it was at... trade为when引导的时间状语从句。
[尝试翻译]
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Ⅲ.表格填空
Dunhuang
Significance Past The gateway to and from Ancient China. A place where East met West. A green 1.________ in the middle of the desert.
Present A world-class tourist destination with UNESCO-protected 2.________ sites. A global crossroads.
Caves Statues The statues includes 3.______ from Ancient Greece, India and Iran.
Murals Coverage: an area of 4.______ square metres. Subjects：vary from religious stories to 5.________ of everyday life.
Apsaras It is called 6.“________”． They present these heavenly musicians, singers and dancers. Apsaras painted during the Tang Dynasty are a reflection of the 7.________ and optimism of people from that time.
Library Cave Discovered inside were hidden 8.________．
Ⅳ.根据课文内容选择正确答案
1．What can be learned from Paragraph 2
A．The statues in the caves include only Chinese elements.
B．The caves cover an area of 45，000 square metres.
C．The ancient caves were carved over 700 years.
D．Dunhuang played an important role in cultural and commercial exchange.
2．Which type of mural is unique to Dunhuang
A．Murals painted in bright colours.
B．Flying Immortals.
C．Murals with various subjects.
D．The mural is a mixture of different countries.
3．When did the Apsaras reach a peak
A．The Tang Dynasty.
B．The Ming Dynasty.
C．In 1900.
D．405 AD.
4．What made the Silk Road come to life again
A．The change of trade routes.
B．It was once a great city.
C．The Belt and Road Initiative.
D．The hidden treasures.
5．What can be inferred from Paragraph 4
A．A Taoist priest sealed up the cave.
B．Library Cave is the most important find in the 20th century.
C．Dunhuang was once an important trade centre.
D．The scrolls didn't provide detailed information.
Ⅴ.选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息(其中有一项是多余的)
A．as it used to be
B．so that you can get a better view
C．as if they are about to fly down to meet us
D．even though it was once such a great city
E.how the Silk Road brought East and West together
F．how travellers felt when they saw the oasis of Dunhuang ahead of them
1．You can only imagine ________．
2．If you look up, you can see the paintings and other artworks that are testimony to ________．
3．Come a little bit closer ________．
4．In the Ming Dynasty, trade routes changed and Dunhuang was not as prosperous ________．
5．Gradually, it faded from memory, ________．
原文研读·立体透析
[词汇积累]
①gateway/'ɡe twe / n．通往……的门户
②oasis/ 'e s s/ n．(沙漠中的)绿洲
③glorious/'ɡl ri s/ adj.辉煌的
④represent vt.代表
⑤significance n．重要性；意义
⑥cultural and commercial exchange文化和商业交流
⑦destination n．目的地
⑧boast/b st/ v．(地方、机构等)自豪地拥有(好的事物)
⑨heritage n．遗产
⑩grotto/'ɡr t / n．小洞穴
carve vt.雕刻
testimony/'test m ni/ n．证据；证明
statue/'st t u / n．雕像；塑像
element n．要素
mural/'mj r l/ n．壁画
cover an area of占多大的面积
vary from...to从……变化
religious/r 'l d s/ adj.宗教的
be unique to……所特有的
Apsaras/' ps r s/ n．飞天
immortal/ 'm tl/ n．神
representation n．表现；描述；代表
heavenly/'hev( )nli/ adj.天国的
decorate vt.装饰
depict vt.描绘
in detail详细地
lotus n．莲花
peak/pi k/ n．高峰，顶点
reflect vt.反映；思考
optimism n．乐观
Taoist priest道士
manuscript n．手稿；原稿
embroidery n．刺绣
date from/back to追溯到
thanks to多亏，由于
[教材原文]
WELCOME TO DUNHUANG!
Welcome to Dunhuang! On the old Silk Road, this city was the gateway① to and from Ancient China, a_place_where_East_met_West [1], and a green island in the middle of the desert. You can only imagine how travellers felt when they saw the oasis② of Dunhuang ahead of them.
[1]where引导定语从句，先行词是a place。
Dunhuang's long and glorious③ history represents④ its significance⑤ as a centre of cultural and commercial exchange⑥. Today, Dunhuang is a world-class tourist destination⑦ boasting⑧ sites with UNESCO-protected heritage⑨ status. Now, we are going to enter some of the city's famous caves, of_which_there_are_more_than_700[2]. Known_as_the_Mogao_Grottoes⑩[3], these ancient caves were carved out of the rock over a period of 1，000 years. If you look up, you can see the paintings and other artworks that are testimony to how the Silk Road brought East and West together. Look at these statues ！ You can see elements from Ancient Greece, India and Iran. Now look around the walls of the e a little bit closer so_that_you_can_get_a_better_view[4]. Look at them! The murals cover an astonishing area of 45，000 square metres.
[2]of which引导定语从句。
[3]Known as...是过去分词短语作状语。
[4]so that引导目的状语从句。
The subjects of the Dunhuang murals vary from religious stories to scenes of everyday life. But one type of mural that is unique to Dunhuang shows the Apsaras ， or “Flying Immortals ”. Representations of these heavenly musicians, singers and dancers decorate the walls of many caves. Take a look at this mural. The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky, with_their_scarves_flying[5], as_if_they_are_about_to_fly_down_to_meet_us [6]. And here is another one. Move over here where_you_can_see_it_in_more_detail [7]. The Apsaras are holding lotuses ， playing musical instruments, dancing and throwing flowers. The painting of Apsaras reached a peak during the Tang Dynasty; these images are full of life, reflecting _the_confidence_and_optimism _of_people_from_that_time[8].
[5]with their scarves flying是“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。
[6]as if引导的是方式状语从句，as if意为“似乎，好像”。
[7]where引导定语从句，先行词是here。
[8]现在分词短语作状语。
Now, something really extraordinary happened in 1900, when a Taoist priest made one of the most important finds of the 20th century. In a sealed cave, now known as the famous Library Cave, were hidden thousands of manuscripts ， paintings and scrolls, as well as silk embroideries . We'll have a chance to see some of them shortly—the Library Cave is only a stone's throw from here. Dating_from _405_AD_to_1002_AD[9], these hidden treasures give us a picture of Dunhuang when_it_was_at_the_very_centre_of_the_Silk_Road_trade[10]. Thanks to this ancient library, we now know that goods arrived in Dunhuang from as far away as
[课文译文]
欢迎来到敦煌！
欢迎来到敦煌！坐落于古丝绸之路，敦煌是进出古代中国的门户，是东西方交汇的地方，是沙漠中央的一个绿色岛屿。你可以想象一下当旅行者看到他们面前的敦煌这个绿洲时的感受。
敦煌悠久和辉煌的历史展现了它作为文化和商业交流中心的重要地位。今天，敦煌是世界一流的旅游胜地，拥有受联合国教科文组织保护的遗址。现在，我们要参观700多个洞窟中著名的几个。这些古老的洞窟以莫高窟而闻名天下，它们是在岩石上开凿的，有1 000多年历史了。如果你抬头观看，你会看到壁画和其他的艺术作品，它们是丝绸之路怎样把东西方联系在一起的证明。看这些雕塑！你能发现古希腊、印度和伊朗元素。现在环顾一下洞窟的墙面。走近一点，以便你能看得更清楚。看！壁画竟然覆盖达到45 000平方米。
敦煌壁画的主题从宗教故事到日常生活的场景各不相同。但是有一种壁画是敦煌所特有的——飞天，或者被称为“飞仙”。寓意着天上的乐师、歌手、舞者的形象装饰着很多洞窟的墙壁。请看这幅壁画。画中天神在湛蓝的天空中飞翔，丝带飞舞，似乎正朝我们飞来。请看另一幅。再过来点，你会看到更多细节。天神们有的手持莲花，有的正在演奏乐器，有的载歌载舞，有的扬手飞花。飞天绘画艺术在唐代达到了巅峰；这些人物形象鲜活生动，反映了那个时代人们的自信和乐观。
现代，1900年发生了不同寻常的事情，一个道士做出了20世纪最伟大的发现之一。在一个密封的洞里，也就是现在闻名的“藏经洞”里，珍藏了成千上万的手稿，绘画和经卷，还有丝质刺绣。我们有机会简单地看一看它们——藏经洞离这里很近。追溯到公元405年到1002年，这些珍藏的宝贝向我们描绘了敦煌作为丝绸之路贸易中心时的场景。多亏有了这个古老的图书馆，我们知道了到达敦煌的货物远至欧
export vt.出口
ceramics/s 'r m ks/ n.陶瓷制品
perfume n．香水；芳香
reveal vt.揭示；显示
seal up封闭；密封
prosperous adj.繁荣的
fade vt.变淡；衰落
bring...to life使复苏；(使)变得生动
crossroads/'kr sr dz/ n．活动中心，汇集地
representative n．代表
expo/'eksp / n．展览会，博览会
promote vt.提升，促进
strengthen/'stre θ( )n/ v．加强
cooperation n．合作
North-east Europe, and that goods were also exported from Dunhuang across Asia and Europe. The_scrolls_are_so_detailed_that_they_describe_the_vast_range_of_goods_that_were_imported_and_exported_from_Dunhuang,_such_as_ceramics ，_medicine,_perfumes _and_fruit,_to_name_just_a_few[11]. The scrolls also reveal how many different communities lived side-by-side within this great city. However, the_reason_why_the_Library_Cave_was_sealed_up _all_those_years_ago_remains_a_mystery [12].
[9]Dating from...是现在分词短语作状语。
[10]when引导时间状语从句。
[11]句中so detailed that为so...that引导的结果状语从句。
[12]why引导定语从句，先行词是the reason。
In the Ming Dynasty, trade routes changed and Dunhuang was not as prosperous as_it_used_to_be[13]. Gradually, it faded from memory, even_though_it_was_once_such_a_great_city[14].
[13]as引导方式状语从句。
[14]even though引导让步状语从句。
This century is bringing the Silk Road to life once more through the Belt and Road Initiative. Dunhuang has once again become a global crossroads since it hosted hundreds of representatives from 51 countries for the Silk Road International Cultural Expo in 2017. Given_that_the_theme_of_the_Expo_was_to_promote _cultural_exchange_and_strengthen _mutual_cooperation _between_the_countries_along_the_Silk_Road[15], Dunhuang was the ideal place.
Now let's move on to the next cave...
[15]Given that意为“考虑到，鉴于”，引导原因状语从句。,洲东北部，从敦煌出口的货物穿过亚洲和欧洲。这些卷轴如此详细，向我们描述了进出敦煌的大量货物，比如：陶器、药物、香水和水果，这里仅举几例。这些卷轴也揭示了多个民族在敦煌这个伟大城市中友好共存。然而，藏经洞被尘封那么多年的原因依然是个谜。
到了明代，随着贸易路线的变迁，敦煌不再像以前那样繁荣。虽然敦煌曾经是一个如此伟大的城市，但它还是从人们的记忆中一点点地消失了。
21世纪，通过“一带一路”倡议，丝绸之路重获生机。自2017年敦煌举行了由51个国家的100多位代表参加的丝绸之路国际文化博览会以来，它再次成为全球的活动中心。鉴于本次博览会的主题是促进丝绸之路沿线国家文化交流和加强彼此之间的相互协作，敦煌是一个理想的地方。
现在，我们去往下一个洞窟吧……
要点精研·探究学习
1)glorious adj.辉煌的，光荣的)
(教材原句)Dunhuang's long and glorious history represents its significance as a centre of cultural and commercial exchange.敦煌悠久而辉煌的历史体现了它作为文化和商业交流中心的重要性。
a glorious victory 光荣的胜利
glorious traditions 光荣的传统
die a glorious death 死得光荣
[单词积累]　glory n．[U]光荣，荣誉
[C]辉煌的成就
[名师点津]　win glory for为……赢得荣誉
for the glory of为了……的荣誉
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The picture reminds me of my ________ (glory) past.
②He dreamt of future ________ (glorious) as an Olympic champion.
完成句子
③Joe was highly thought of and sent to take part in the speech contest to ________________ (为……赢得荣誉) our school.
④He took part in the competition ________ (为了……的荣誉) his class.
2)boast v．(地方、机构等)自豪地拥有(好的事物)；夸耀，吹嘘)
(教材原句)Today, Dunhuang is a world-class tourist destination boasting sites with UNESCO-protected heritage status.如今，敦煌是世界一流的旅游胜地，拥有联合国教科文组织保护的遗产。
The hotel also boasts two swimming pools and a golf course.那家宾馆还拥有两个游泳池和一个高尔夫球场。
He boasted about the big fish he had caught.
他夸耀钓到的那条大鱼。
They boasted that they had never lost a single game.
他们吹嘘说从来没有输过一场比赛。
boast about... 夸耀……
boast that... 吹嘘说……
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He didn't talk about his exam results in case people thought he ____________ (boast).
②Sam boasted ________ he could beat anyone at poker.
完成句子
③Parents enjoy ____________________________________ (夸耀子女所取得的成就).
④He ____________________ (过去常向我们夸耀) his rich aunt.
3)peak n．高峰，顶点，顶峰；山顶，山峰　v．达到高峰，达到最高值)
(教材原句)The painting of Apsaras reached a peak during the Tang Dynasty...飞天壁画在唐朝达到了顶峰……
Sales this month have reached a new peak.
本月的销售额创了新高。
We saw a victory by an athlete at the very peak of her fitness and career.
我们目睹了由一位在她的身体和职业生涯均处在顶峰的运动员取得的胜利。
snow-capped mountain peaks白雪覆盖的山顶
It's always crammed with tourists at peak times.
在高峰期，这里总是挤满游客。
Temperatures have peaked at over 90 degrees.
温度已达到最高值，超过了90度。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①It is one of the most difficult ________ (peak) to climb.
②The Beatles were ________ their peak during the 1960s.
③Official figures show that unemployment ________ (peak) in November.
完成句子
④He seems ________________ (已经达到顶峰) of his tennis career.
⑤Don't go there ________________ (在旺季)—it'll be hot and crowded.
4)strengthen v．加强，(使)变强)
(教材原句)Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road...博览会的主题是促进文化交流，加强丝绸之路沿线国家的相互合作……
Our friendship has steadily strengthened over the years.
我们的友谊逐年加深。
We will strengthen the protection of oases.
我们将加强绿洲保护。
Cycling is good exercise. It strengthens all the muscles of the body.骑自行车是好的锻炼。它使全身肌肉变得强健。
strengthen environmental protection 加强环境保护
strengthen the awareness 强化意识
strengthen one's resolve 坚定决心
[单词积累]　strength n．[U]力量，力气；[C]长处，优势，优点
with all one's strength用尽全力
build up one's strength增强体力
strengths and weaknesses长处和短处
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Our bodies ________________ (strength) by exercising; similarly, our minds are developed by learning.
②She showed me some exercises for ____________ (strength) my lower back.
③He pushed against the rock with all his ________ (strong).
④To make members of a team perform better, the coach first of all has to know their ________ (strength) and weaknesses.
⑤I'm trying to build ________ my strength.
5)coverage n．覆盖范围，新闻报道，内容范围)
5G coverage areas 5G覆盖地区
Magazines with extensive coverage of diet and health topics.广泛涵盖饮食和健康主题的杂志。
When the journey ended, Zacs adventure received widespread media coverage.
当返程结束时，扎克的冒险经历受到了媒体的广泛报道。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①More satellites are needed to provide telephone ________ (cover) in remote areas.
完成句子
②The accident has received ________ (广泛报道) in the press.
6)vary from...to... 在……到……之间变化)
(教材原句)The subjects of the Dunhuang murals vary from religious stories to scenes of everyday life.
敦煌壁画的主题从宗教故事到日常生活场景各不相同。
Opinions on the matter vary from person to person.
对这件事情的看法人人意见不一致。
Office hours vary from company to company and country to country.
因公司、国家不同，办公时间也有所不同。
People vary in taste.每个人嗜好不同。
The prices of some goods vary with the season.
某些货物的价格随着季节而变化。
vary in 在……方面不同
vary with 随……而变化
[联想拓展]
“各种各样的”表达形式：
a variety of　varieties of　all kinds of　all sorts of　various
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Customs can vary from region ________ region.
②The samples varied ________ quality but were generally acceptable.
③The menu varies ________ the season.
④As they're handmade, each one ________ (vary) slightly.
7)bring...(back) to life使……焕发生机/复活)
(教材原句)This century is bringing the Silk Road to life once more through the Belt and Road Initiative.
21世纪，通过“一带一路”倡议，丝绸之路再次焕发生机。
The detective came (back) to life.这个侦探苏醒过来了。
come to life 苏醒过来，复活；变得更有趣
lead/live a(n)...life 过着……的生活
full of life 充满活力
[名师点津]　
bring...(back) to life是及物动词短语，可用于被动语态。
come (back) to life意为“苏醒”，是不及物动词短语，不可用于被动语态。
[语境助记]　
We tried in vain to bring the drowned swimmer back to life．我们试图让溺水的游泳者苏醒过来，却是徒然。
[即学即练]　完成句子
①这位新来的老师把我们的法语课教得生动活泼。
The new teacher really ______________________________．
②比赛在下半场终于变得精彩起来了。
The match finally ________________ in the second half.
8)(教材原句)Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road, Dunhuang was the ideal place.鉴于本届世博会的主题是促进丝绸之路沿线国家的文化交流和加强相互合作，敦煌便是一个理想的地方。)
[句式解构]　given that引导状语从句
(1)given that连词，意为“考虑到”，相当于considering that，引导原因状语从句。
Given that there is often poor visibility, the site chosen as an airport is not appropriate.
考虑到这里能见度经常欠佳，所以选为机场是不合适的。
(2)另外，given that作为从属连词，等同于supposing that, on condition that, 表示“假定，假如”，引导表示条件的从句。
Given that I had been abroad last year, you should have found me nowhere here at home.
假如我去年在国外，你当时在国内任何地方都找不到我。
(3)given介词，表示“考虑到；鉴于”，后接名词或名词短语。
Given her interest in children, teaching seems the right job for her.
考虑到她喜欢孩子，教书看来是很适合她的工作。
[语境助记]　
Given that this is the case, why aren't students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit
鉴于这种情况，为什么不按照教他们解决数学问题、开车或保持身体健康的方法教给学生处理矛盾冲突的办法？
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Given ________ current treatments are a far cry from a cure and do not work for everyone, some people feel there is no harm in trying something that might improve their quality of life.
②________ (give) the fact that there are serious defects in either of the suggestions, I insist that a full play should be given to each other's advantages for our purpose.
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．From my point of view, we can take the mysterious, hazy future and carve out of it anything that we can imagine, just as a sculptor carves a ________ (雕像) from a shapeless stone.
2．As we were leaving, we found that only minutes earlier an elderly woman had fallen over at the ________ (通向……的门户) to the scenic area with her head on the concrete. There was blood everywhere and the woman was embarrassed and clearly weakened.
3．An equally important point of view for the renewable fuels will be to store solar energy so that it is available at times of ________ (高峰) demand and overnight.
4．Since the late 1970s, fast-rising house prices, large cuts in government supported housing programmes, and economic recession have made it impossible for many pessimistic Americans to meet housing costs at the ________ (汇集地) of trade and investment.
5．Immigrants numbering some 1.14 million out of Italy's 56.7 million people in 1990, have been a ________ (证据) to a sharp abnormal immigration increase in Italy recently, which has a much weaker tradition of immigration.
6．Ultimately, one option is to stick with the plans to cope with all the big problems of health at once, ranging from cost of medical treatment to ________ (覆盖范围) to quality.
7．Indeed, this absurd love of speed seems never-ending. Every year motor-cars are produced which go even faster and each new computer ________ (吹嘘) of saving precious seconds in handling tasks.
8．Dozens of circumstances show that willpower is the single most important habit for a person's success. So the best way to ________ (加强) willpower is to make it into a habit.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The attraction of the Cloisters museum and gardens lies in the fact that its collections date ________ the Middle Ages.
2．In the 1760s, Mathurin Roze opened a series of shops that ________ (boast) a special meat soup called consommé.
3．The publication of Great Expectations, which was both widely reviewed and highly praised, ________ (strength) Dickens' status as a leading novelist.
4．What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals ________ (know) as volatile organic compounds, VOCs for short.
5．With that ________ mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company.
6．Despite the extensive ________ (cover) in the popular media of the destruction of possessions, little formal and valuable information is available for researchers in this area.
7．________ (give) the cost of self-driving technology as well as commercial sales and maintenance issues, the first commercially available driverless cars will almost certainly be employed by ride-hailing services.
8．In this lecture, the view is considered unique ________ us how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future.
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
课前预习·自主学习
词汇预习·夯实基础
Ⅰ.词义匹配
1．C　2.A　3.E　4.B　5.D
Ⅱ.拓展词汇知变形
1．glorious　2.religious　3.immortal　4.heavenly　5.strengthen
6．coverage
Ⅲ.补全短语
1．detail　2.from/back to　3.to　4.up　5.though　6.to
预习验收·衔接课堂
Ⅰ.单词默写
1．oasis　2.glorious　3.grotto　4.testimony　5.statue　6.religious　7.peak　8.scroll　9.crossroads　10.expo　11.strengthen　12.coverage
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．in detail　2.dates from　3.seal up　4.Look up　5.are unique to　6.as if　7.ahead of　8.vary from; to　9.Thanks to　10.even though
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．of which
2．Known as
3．so that
4．with their scarves flying
5．reflecting the confidence
课文自测·强化理解
Ⅰ.课文解构(挑战创新题)
1．Dunhuang　2.Statues　3.Apsaras　4.treasures　5.faded
6. life
Ⅱ.长难句分析
1．如果你抬头观看，你会看到壁画和其他的艺术作品，它们是丝绸之路怎样把东西方联系在一起的证明。
2．追溯到公元405年到1002年，这些珍藏的宝贝向我们描绘了敦煌作为丝绸之路贸易中心时的场景。
Ⅲ.表格填空
1．island　2.heritage　3.elements　4.45，000　5.scenes　6.Flying Immortals　7.confidence　8.treasures
Ⅳ.根据课文内容选择正确答案
1．D　2.B　3.A　4.C　5.C
Ⅴ.选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息
1．F　2.E　3.B　4.A　5.D
要点精研·探究学习
1．①glorious　②glory　③win glory for　④for the glory of
2．①was boasting　②that　③boasting about their children's achievements　④used to boast to us about
3．①peaks　②at　③peaked　④to have reached the peak　⑤in the peak season
4．①are strengthened　②strengthening　③strength　④strengths　⑤up
5．①coverage　②wide coverage
6．①to　②in　③with　④varies
7．①brought French to life for us　②came to life
8．①that　②Given
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．statue　2.gateway　3.peak　4.crossroads　5.testimony　6.coverage　7.boasts　8.strengthen
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．from　2.boasted　3.strengthened　4.known　5.in　6.coverage　7.Given　8.toSection Ⅲ　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　课前预习·自主学习
词汇预习·夯实基础
Ⅰ.认知词汇知其意
1．department n. ____________
2．institute n. ____________
3．Sinologist n. ____________
4．temple n. ____________
5．tune n. ____________
6．shepherd n. ____________
7．prior adj. ____________
8．genius n. ____________
Ⅱ.拓展词汇知变形
1．________ n．学者→scholarship n．奖学金；学问
2．history n．历史→________ n．历史学家→historic adj.历史上著名的→ historical adj.有关历史的，历史学的
3．________ adj.巨大的，庞大的→enormously adv.非常；极其
Ⅲ.短语互译
1．________________ 除……以外
2．________________ 密切关注
3．________________ 倾向于
4．________________ 为……所熟悉
5．________________ on the whole
6．________________ to sum up
7．________________ in short
8．________________ fall in love with
预习验收·衔接课堂
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He was the most distinguished ________ (学者) in his field.
2．We trust that he and his ________ (部门) are considering our suggestion.
3．The ________ (研究院) is attached to that university.
4．There is an old ________ (寺庙) at the top of the mountain.
5．I don't know the title but I recognise the ________ (曲调)
6．We all admire him because he's a ________ (天才) at organising people.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．He is a ________ (history), but also has an interest in archaeology.
2．Flights can be booked up three or more days prior ________ departure.
3．This medicine is not to be ________ (expose) to daylight.
4．It means that technology can have a profound effect ________ the world.
5．You need money and time; in ________ (add), you need diligence.
6．I tend ________ (have) a different answer, depending on the family.
Ⅲ.短语填空
lead to, due to, to sum up, fall in love with, work on, do research into, be familiar to, have a lot in common
1．His lack of experience had ________________ his failure.
2．The train had stopped ________________ a mechanical problem.
3．Linda spends all her time ________________ the garden.
4．I ________________ with the character in real life.
5．He is ________________ the popular literature of China.
6．Slowly but surely she started to ________________ literature.
7．________________， we should take effective measures to protect the environment.
8．The following names in the list ________________ me.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．爬到这座山的顶峰是他的下一个目标。
________________is his next goal.
2．我和汤姆第一次见面就成为朋友。
I became friends with Tom ________________．
3．你既然表示了决心，就应该见之于行动。
________________you have expressed your determination, you should act.
4．我现在最需要的是好好休息。
________________ is to have a good rest.
阅读研析·合作学习
Ⅰ.框架建构：整体理解
Petko: 　I watched The Shaolin Temple as a boy. I select 1.________ Chinese literature to translate. I think Thirty-six Stratagems is popular in my country.
Annelous: I read books about Chinese history and culture in high school. I select works to translate based on the opinions of 2.________ Sinologists and the 3.________ of books. More works by Chinese writers are popular in my country.
Joachim: I read Shi Ji at 15. I select works to translate according to my own 4.________. The novels of Mo Yan and Yu Hua are popular in my country.
Mai: I fell in love with Chinese literature as a 5.________. I select works to translate according to the work itself. “Fond Memories of Autumn” by Shi Tiesheng and “Street Scene” by Zhou Guoping are popular in my country.
Ⅱ.文本剖析：细节探究
Choose the best answer.
1．How did Petko get interested in Chinese literature
A．By watching the movie—The Shaolin Temple.
B．By reading books about Chinese history and culture.
C．By being exposed to Homer's epic poems.
D．By working as a translator.
2．How did Joachim select works to translate
A．He is largely influenced by respected Sinologists.
B．He chooses classical literature.
C．He just goes with what he likes and what he is interested in.
D．He cares if a writer is popular or not.
3．Which of the following statements is NOT true
A.Thirty-six Stratagems is a best-seller in Bulgaria.
B.Petko has translated Dream of the Red Chamber into Bulgarian.
C.Joachim translated several short stories by Mo Yan.
D．Mai was a French translator.
4．The passage is written to ________．
A．see what works are read outside of China and how they are received
B．arouse readers' interest in Chinese literature
C．introduce foreign translators
D．share translations of Chinese literature
Ⅲ.重点句式补全
1．阅读中国文学是振奋人心的、令人鼓舞的经历。
________________ was a stimulating and inspiring experience.
2．第一次读《红楼梦》我就爱上了它。
I fell in love with Dream of the Red Chamber ________________ I read it.
3．既然我的梦想实现了，那么我的下一个目标是翻译《三国演义》。
________ this dream has come true, my next goal is ________ The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.
4．我只翻译我喜欢的和感兴趣的东西。
I just go with ________________ and what I am interested in.
5．我最感兴趣的是作品本身。
________________ most is the work itself.
原文研读·立体透析
[词汇积累]
①be familiar to为……所熟悉
②temple /'temp( )l/ n．庙宇，寺院
③fall in love with爱上某人
④tune /tju n/ n.曲调，旋律
⑤shepherd /' ep d/ n．牧羊人
⑥academic adj.学术的；学院的
⑦historian /h 'st ri n/ n．历史学家
⑧prior to在……之前，先于……
⑨be exposed to 暴露，接触
⑩encounter vt.遭遇；遇到
genius /'d i ni s/ n．天才，天赋
have a profound effect on 对……有深远的影响
passion n．激情；强烈的情感
stimulating adj.激励人的；振奋人心的
inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的
chamber /'t e mb / n．房间
be determined to决定
translate... into...把……翻译成……
romance /r 'm ns/ n．传奇故事
kingdom /'k d m/ n．王国
in addition 除……以外
tend to倾向于
do research into 做……的研究
keep a close eye on密切关注
[教材原文]
READING CHINA
The world of Chinese literature is one that is familiar to① us all. But have you ever stopped to wonder what_works_are_read_outside_of_China_and_how_they_are_received[1] Today, four Sinologists and translators share their experience of Chinese literature with us. They are：
Petko, aged 43 from Bulgaria
Annelous, aged 34 from the Netherlands
Joachim, aged 25 from France
Mai, aged 28 from Egypt
[1]wonder是动词，其后是and连接的两个宾语从句。
Q1：_________________________________________________
Petko: It all started with a movie I watched when I was a boy — The Shaolin Temple②. That movie gave me so many reasons to fall in love with③ China. I was amazed by Chinese kung fu, of course — everyone loves kung fu, don't they I also thought the Chinese language sounded so beautiful, and I found that I liked Chinese music, too — I just loved the movie's theme tune④， Song of the Shepherd⑤.
Annelous: I became interested in languages at a young age. When I started high school, I began reading books about Chinese history and culture, and this inspired me to choose Chinese Studies as my academic⑥ major at university.
Joachim: When I was 15 years old, my mother bought me a copy of the classic Shi Ji, or Records of the Grand Historian⑦. Prior to⑧ that, the only great historical works I_had_been_exposed_to⑨ [2] were Homer's epic poems. Records of the Grand Historian was my first encounter⑩ with Chinese classical literature. After reading it, I realised the true genius of China's “Grand Historian”， Sima Qian. His writing had a profound effect on me, and I have this to thank for my passion for Chinese literature.
[2]I had been exposed to为定语从句，先行词是works，关系代词在从句中作宾语，可省略。
Mai: I gradually feel in love with Chinese literature when I started working as a translator. Most of the translated works of literature in Egypt are from the English-speaking world, so reading_Chinese_literature_was_a_stimulating _and_inspiring _experience [3].
[3]动名词短语reading Chinese literature作主语，谓语动词用单数形式was。
Q2: __________________________________________________________
Petko: I particularly like classical Chinese literature, especially works from the Ming and Qing dynasties. I fell in love with Dream of the Red Chamber the_first_time_I_read_it [4], and was determined to translate it into Bulgarian. Now_that_this_dream_has_come_true,_my next goal is to_translate The_Romance _of_the_Three_Kingdoms [5].
[4]the first time引导的是时间状语从句。
[5]Now that意为“既然”，引导原因状语从句；to translate...是不定式短语作表语。
Annelous: In the Netherlands, the decision as_to_which_works_of_Chinese_literature_get_translated [6] is largely influenced by the opinions of respected Sinologists. In addition ， publishing houses tend to look to other countries to see which_Chinese_works_have_sold_well_there [7]. I've so far translated the writings of several young Chinese authors, and I'm looking forward to their new works.
[6]as to“关于，至于”，其后是定语从句，修饰先行词decision。
[7]see是动词，其后是which引导的宾语从句。
Joachim: I just go with what_I_like_and_what_I_am_interested_in [8]. I've translated some poems by Dai Wangshu. Right now, I'm doing research into popular literature in Shanghai at the start of the 20th century.
[8]with是介词，其后是两个宾语从句，what在从句中作宾语。
Mai: I don't care if_a_writer_is_popular_or_not [9]. What_interests_me_most_is_the_work_itself [10]. I've translated some works by authors such as Xi Murong and Bi Shumin. I also keep a close eye on what's_being_self-published_online_by_new,_young_authors_—_they_have_some_good_ideas [11].
[9]care是动词，其后是宾语从句，if意为“是否”。
[10]What引导的是主语从句。
[11]on是介词，其后是宾语从句，what在从句中作主语。
[课文译文]
阅读中国
我们所有的人都熟悉中国文学。但是你有没有停下来思考过国外读什么(中国的)作品，它们受到的评价如何？今天，四位汉学家和翻译家跟我们分享他们对中国文学的体会。他们是：
佩特科，43岁，保加利亚人
安内罗斯，34岁，荷兰人
纳阿希姆，25岁，法国人
麦，28岁，埃及人
问题1：_____________________________________________________________
佩特科：一切都始于我小时候看的一部电影——《少林寺》。那部电影给了我太多理由使我爱上中国。我对中国功夫感到非常惊讶。当然每个人都喜欢功夫，不是吗？我还觉得中文听起来很美，我发现我也喜欢中国音乐。我非常喜欢这部电影的主题曲——《牧羊曲》。
安内罗斯：我从小就对语言感兴趣。当我开始上高中的时候，我就开始阅读有关中国历史和文化的书籍。这启发我在上大学时选择中国学研究作为我的学术专业。
约阿希姆：当我15岁时，我母亲给我买了一本《史记》。在此之前，我接触过的唯一伟大的历史作品是荷马史诗。《史记》是我与中国古典文学的第一次接触。读过之后，我意识到中国“伟大的历史学家”司马迁的真正天赋。他的作品对我产生了深远的影响，而且这要归功于我对中国文学的热爱。
麦：当我开始做翻译时，我逐渐爱上了中国文学。在埃及，大部分翻译的文学著作来自说英语的国家，因此阅读中国文学是振奋人心的、令人鼓舞的经历。
问题2：_____________________________________________________________
佩特科：我特别喜欢中国古典文学，尤其是明清时期的作品。我第一次读到《红楼梦》就爱上了它，并下定决心把它译成保加利亚语。既然这个梦想已经实现，那么我的下一个目标是翻译《三国演义》。
安内罗斯：在荷兰，翻译哪一部中国文学作品很大程度上受著名汉学家的意见影响。此外，出版社往往会看看其他国家哪些中国作品在当地畅销。到目前为止，我已经翻译了几位中国年轻作家的作品，我很期待他们的新作品。
约阿希姆：我只翻译我喜欢和感兴趣的东西。我翻译了戴望舒的几首诗。现在，我正在研究20世纪初上海的大众文学。
麦：我不在乎一个作家是否受欢迎。我最感兴趣的是作品本身。我翻译过席慕蓉、毕淑敏等作家的一些作品。我也密切关注那些新的年轻作家在网上发表的东西——他们有一些好的想法。
stratagem /'st t d m/ n.计谋，策略
on the whole整体上
significance n.重要性；意义
literary adj文学的
think highly of高度评价
have a lot in common有很多共同点
Q3: ___________________________________________________________
Petko: Thirty-six Stratagems has sold more than 1，000 copies in Bulgaria. When you consider that here the best a writer can usually hope for is to sell a few hundred copies of their work, Thirty-six Stratagems is a best-seller in Bulgaria!
Annelous: Each_year_sees_more_works_by_Chinese_writers_published_in_the_Netherlands [12], and they are well-received. The people that buy and read these books do so because they want to learn more about Chinese culture and everyday life in China. On the whole ， I do have to admit that here, people's knowledge of Chinese literature is rather limited.
[12]see, find, witness等词可用物作主语，以拟人手法增添语言色彩。see可译为“(在某段时期)发生(某情况)，经历，经受”。
Joachim: Many works by modern writers such as Lu Xun and Shen Congwen have been translated into French. And the novels of some contemporary writers also sell quite well in France. Literature has a lot of significance to the French, and Chinese literary works tend to be highly thought of .
Mai: Egyptians like literature that_reflects_human_nature_and_experience [13]. A couple of good examples of this are “Fond Memories of Autumn” by Shi Tiesheng and “Street Scene” by Zhou Guoping. I think Egypt and China are closely connected and both have a lot in common . Because of this, Chinese literary works really strike a chord in the hearts of Egyptian readers.
[13]that引导的是定语从句，先行词是literature, that在从句中作主语。,问题3：________________________________________________________________________
佩特科：《三十六计》在保加利亚的销售已经超过1 000册。当你想到一位最好的作家通常希望他们的作品能卖出几百本时，《三十六计》的确是保加利亚卖得最好的畅销书！
安内罗斯：每年在荷兰出版的中国作家的作品越来越多，它们深受好评。人们之所以购买和阅读这些作品，是因为他们想更多地了解中国文化和中国人的日常生活。总的来说，我不得不承认，这里的人们对中国文学的了解是相当有限的。
约阿希姆：鲁迅、沈从文等现代作家的许多作品都被译成了法语。一些当代作家的小说在法国也很畅销。文学对法国人意义重大，中国文学作品往往受到高度评价。
麦：埃及人喜欢反映人性和经历的文学作品。史铁生的《秋天的怀念》和周国平的《街头的自语》就是一些很好的例子。我认为埃及和中国有着密切的联系，两者有很多共同点。正因为如此，中国的文学作品才真正打动了埃及读者的心。
要点精研·探究学习
1)tune n．曲调，旋律　v．(为乐器)调音；调节)
(教材原句)．..I just loved the movie's theme tune, Song of the Shepherd.……我特别喜欢电影的主题曲《牧羊曲》。
She sang perfectly in tune.她唱得十分合调。
The piano is out of tune.钢琴音走调了。
tune a guitar给吉他调弦
Be sure to tune in to the next week's show.
一定要收看下周的节目。
in/out of tune 合调/走调
be in/out of tune with 与……协调(一致)/不协调(不一致)
tune in (to sth.) 收听(广播)；收看(电视)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The band played ________ familiar tune that had everyone clapping along.
②Her theories were out of tune ________ the scientific thinking of the time.
③Get into the habit of ________ (tune) your guitar every day before you practise.
完成句子
④These proposals ________ (与……一致) our own thoughts on the subject.
2)prior adj.先前的；较早的；优先的　priority n．优先考虑的事)
(教材原句)Prior to that, the only great historical works I had been exposed to were Homer's epic poems.
在此之前，我唯一接触过的历史巨作是《荷马史诗》。
Prior to the meeting, we discussed the matter among ourselves.在会议之前，我们自己讨论了这个问题。
She gave up her job as she felt her family had a prior claim to her attention.
由于感到家里更需要她关心，所以她放弃了工作。
The government's priority is to build more power plants.
政府的当务之急是建造更多的发电厂。
prior to 在……之前，先于……
have a prior claim to 对……有优先权
[归纳拓展]
“adj.＋to”结构的短语汇总：
previous to...　在……以前
senior to... 比……年长的
junior to... 比……年轻的
inferior to... 比……差的
superior to... 比……好的
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①They had to refuse the dinner invitation because of ________ prior engagement.
②Janet left a good impression on me prior ________ the matter.
③Nowadays the ________ (prior) for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.
3)keep an eye on照看，留神，留意)
(教材原句)I also keep a close eye on what's being self-published online by new, young authors...
我也密切关注那些年轻的新作家在网上发表的作品……
We don't keep an eye on our children all the time in real life.在现实生活中我们不会时刻留意孩子的一举一动。
The lady walked around the shops, keeping an eye out for bargains.这位女士在店铺间逛着，留意着便宜商品。
You can't just close your eyes to his violence.
你不能对他的暴行视而不见。
He tried to catch Annie's eye as he walked by her seat.
从安妮座位旁走过时，他设法吸引她的注意。
keep one's eyes on 注视，盯着看
keep an eye open/out (for) 密切注意，留神
have an eye for... 对……有鉴赏力
close/shut one's eyes to... 对……视而不见
catch one's eye 引起某人的注意
look sb. in the eye 直视某人
in one's eyes 在某人眼里，依某人看
[语境助记]　Nowadays, there's a growing need for lifeful, creative and dedicated people who are great organizers, good communicators and have an eye for details.
现在，对于充满活力、富有创造力、有奉献精神又善于组织、沟通且关注细节的人才的需求量不断增加。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Can you keep an eye ________ things for the next few days
②I went for a run there, ________ (keep) an eye on the children the whole time.
③You do have an eye ________ paintings.
④Police have asked residents to keep an eye out ________ anything suspicious.
4)expose v．显露；使暴露；揭露；使接触；使曝光　exposure n．暴露，揭发)
When I read these definitions, I am repeatedly exposed to the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas.
每当读这些释义时，我一遍又一遍地接触到基础单词并且学会了如何用它们去解释一些物体和观点。
Don't have your skin exposed to the strong sunlight.
不要让你的皮肤暴露在强烈阳光下。
The merchant was exposed as a liar.
这个商人说谎的真面目被揭穿了。
Exposure to nature has been thought to be necessary for brain development in children.
人们一直认为，接触大自然对儿童的大脑发育是必要的。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Previous studies have linked high ________ (expose) to environmental pollution to an increased risk of heart problems.
②Children ________ (expose) to difficult situations are better at handling those challenges.
③John Snow put forward a suggestion that people should not be exposed ________ polluted water.
④________ (expose) to the sunlight for too long will do harm to your skin.
完成句子
⑤The more you ________ (接触) the English-speaking environment, the better you will learn the language.
5)think highly of对……评价很高)
(教材原句)．..and Chinese literary works tend to be highly thought of.……中国文学作品往往受到高度评价。
The managers think highly of his plan.经理们对他的计划评价很高。
I didn't think much of her book.我觉得她的书不怎么样。
When I was younger, I thought nothing of riding my bike 50 miles in a day.
年轻时，我觉得一天骑50英里自行车算不了什么。
The Chinese sing high praise for the doctors and nurses fighting against the virus.
中国人高度赞扬抗击病毒的医生和护士。
think a lot of＝think much of＝think highly of 对……评价很高，欣赏……
think little/poorly of 认为……不好
think nothing of 不把……当回事；认为……不算什么
speak highly of 对……评价高
speak well/ill of 说……的好话/坏话
sing high praise for 歌颂，高度赞扬
[温馨提示]　
think highly/much/little/poorly of用于被动语态时，副词常置于thought of之前，即构成be highly/much/little/poorly/thought of结构。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The young designer is ________ (high) thought of in the company.
②I think little ________ my former partner.
③They speak highly ________ their teacher.
完成句子
④All those who know him ________________ (对……评价高) him.
⑤I had a pain in my back but I ________________ (没把它当回事) at the time.
6)(教材原句)Now that this dream has come true, my next goal is to translate The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.既然这个梦想已经实现了，我的下一个目标就是翻译《三国演义》。)
[句式解构]　now that引导原因状语从句
(1)now that表示“既然，由于”，相当于since，引导原因状语从句。
Walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed on the moon.
既然在月球上重力改变了，走路就需要练一练。
(2)in that由于，因为，既然，引导原因状语从句。
The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.
所得税增高是有害的，因为它可能会阻拦人们努力多赚钱。
[特别提示]　now that在口语中that可省略；引导从句时，主句前不可再用so。
Now (that) we have accepted the challenge, we may as well take a chance.
既然我们已经接受了挑战，我们不妨来碰一碰运气。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①We needn't have bought so much food ________ Susie won't be with us for dinner.
②We all long for sincere friendship in ________ it can deeply influence our lives.
7)(教材原句)Each year sees more works by Chinese writers published in the Netherlands, and they are well-received.近年来，中国作家在荷兰出版的作品逐年增多，反响良好。)
[句式解构]　无生命名词作主语
(1)以时间、地点等名词作主语，常用witness, see，find等动词作谓语。
1949 witnessed the founding of the People's Republic of China.1949年中华人民共和国成立。
(2)表示生理、心理状态的名词或表示某种遭遇的名词(如word, anger, faith, idea, courage, desire等)作主语，用fail, desert, escape等动词作谓语。
When he met his girlfriend for the first time, words failed him.当他第一次见到他女朋友时，他说不出话来。
[即学即练]　单句写作
①第二年他妈妈去世了。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
②这栋老房子曾有过辉煌的日子。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
③这个体育场里举行过很多精彩的足球赛。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical ________ (天赋) won the recognition of the world.
2．With a miserable ________ (曲调), the pessimistic young man in rags was gone in seconds, leaving Alice shaking her head in disbelief.
3．With such high-spirited eagerness, he would rush into caves, the huts of ________ (牧羊人) and the local camps, hungry to pick up the unknown language and join in.
4．Many thoughtful ________ (历史学家) believe that the first outdoor signs were used about five thousand years ago.
5．It has been suggested, for example, that it was the life of luxury in ordinary Elizabethan English life that increased demand for writing filled with ________ (传奇故事) and adventure.
6．After both trainees have calmed down, they can use a key ________ (策略) for conflict resolution, in which the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker's position.
7．In July 2010 Burt's Bees, a personal-care products company, was going through ________ (巨大的) change as it began a global expansion into 19 new countries.
8．Sitting on a sofa in her private ________ (房间) crammed with dolls, Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this explanation.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．On ________ whole, the change rising from aging population will have a profound influence on employment policies and pension system.
2．They boasted about producing the most ________ (romance) writing ever produced in any language on earth—from Shakespeare's sonnets to touching love letters written by Winston Churchill.
3．From my first job at the restaurant, I learned teamwork and passion ________ participation. In the meanwhile I also learned staying positive no matter how rough things seem to get.
4．They ________ (expose) to inconceivable dangers under circumstances of enormous hardship and fight because they wanted to keep the country safe.
5．George Washington Carver, a scholar who made over 325 products out of peanuts, had a genius ________ the agricultural research, through which he greatly improved the lives of countless black farmers.
6．Enter through the Expo Centre and see the exhibition Shakespeare's World, which was ________ (high) thought of, a lively and full introduction to the life and work of Shakespeare.
7．Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses of possessions from disasters linked to El Ni o, reducing their losses needs to be the ________ (prior).
8．Ann's neighbor Tracy found a lost dog wandering at the crossroads. Then she asked Ann if she could keep ________ eye on it for the moment so that Ann went to the dollar store and bought some pet supplies.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
The world of Chinese literature is one that is familiar 1.________ us all. But have you ever stopped to wonder 2.________ works are read outside of China and how they are received Today, four Sinologists and translators share their experience of Chinese literature 3.________ us.
Petko：The Shaolin Temple I watched gave me so many reasons 4.________ fall in love with China. I particularly like classical Chinese literature, especially works from the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Annelous：I became interested in languages at a young age. 5.________ (start) high school, I began reading 6.________ (book) about Chinese history and culture.
Joachim：At the age of 15, my mother bought me a copy of the classic Shi Ji. After 7.________ (read) it, I realised the true genius of China's “Grand Historian”， Sima Qian. His 8.________ (write) had a profound effect on me.
Mai：I 9.________ (gradual) fell in love with Chinese literature when I started working as a translator. I don't care if a writer is popular or not. What interests me most is the work 10.________ (it).
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
课前预习·自主学习
词汇预习·夯实基础
Ⅰ.认知词汇知其意
1．(大学的)系，部　2.学院；研究院　3.汉学家　4.庙宇，寺院　5.曲调，旋律　6.牧羊人　7.先前的；较早的　8.天才，天赋
Ⅱ.拓展词汇知变形
1．scholar　2.historian　3.enormous
Ⅲ.短语互译
1．in addition (to)　2.keep a close eye on　3.tend to　4.be familiar to　5.整体上　6.总之，总而言之　7.总之，概括地说
8．爱上
预习验收·衔接课堂
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．scholar　2.department　3.institute　4.temple　5.tune　6. genius
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．historian　2.to　3.exposed　4.on　5.addition　6. to have
Ⅲ.短语填空
1．led to　2.due to　3.working on　4.have a lot in common　5.doing research into　6.fall in love with　7.To sum up
8．are familiar to
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．Climbing to the peak of this mountain
2．the first time we met
3．Now that
4．What I need most now
阅读研析·合作学习
Ⅰ.框架建构：整体理解
1．classical　2.respected　3.sales　4.interest　5.translator
Ⅱ.文本剖析：细节探究
1．A　2.C　3.D　4.A
Ⅲ.重点句式补全
1．Reading Chinese literature　2.the first time　3.Now that; to translate　4.what I like　5.What interests me
要点精研·探究学习
1．①a　②with　③tuning　④are in tune with
2．①a　②to　③priority
3．①on　②keeping　③for　④for
4．①exposure　②exposed　③to　④Being exposed　⑤are exposed to
5．①highly　②of　③of　④think/speak highly of　⑤thought nothing of it
6．①now that　②that
7．①The following year saw the death of his mother.　②This old house has seen better days.　③This stadium has seen many thrilling football matches.
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．genius　2.tune　3.shepherd　4.historians　5.romance　
6．stratagem　7.enormous　8.chamber
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．the　2.romantic　3.for　4.were exposed　5.for　6.highly
7．priority　8.an
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
1．to　2.what　3.with　4.to　5.Starting　6.books　
7．reading　8.writing　9.gradually　10.itselfSection Ⅳ　Writing——写有关旅游的电子邮件
Part Ⅰ　文体感知
Ⅰ.框架建构：整体理解
Skim and match the main idea of each paragraph.
Para.1　A. Recommend visiting New York.
Para.2　B. A future plan to visit China.
Para.3　C. Something appealing in Broadway district.
Ⅱ.文本剖析：特色表达
Write down useful sentences to express suggestions when recommending cultural highlights.
1．But knowing you as I do, ____________________________．
2．With your love of singing and interest in amateur dramatics, ________________________．
3．Can you ____________________________？
Ⅲ.知识点
①enormous adj.　　　巨大的，庞大的
an enormous amount of time/money 大量的时间/金钱
②amateur n. 业余爱好者adj. 业余的
③tourist attractions 景点
④come alive 恢复生机，活跃起来
⑤a combination of ……的结合
Part Ⅱ　Recommending cultural highlights
1．文体介绍
近年来英语写作以应用文为主，其中介绍某地的书面表达要求学生就某个地点(通常为知名景点)，提供必要的信息或建议。话题一般为由中国的中学生或中国导游向外国朋友或游客介绍某景点，内容结构大多为：回复信件或导游词＋景点介绍。
2．常用表达
(1)介绍景点的常用表达
?...lies in/is located in... with an area of... square kilometres.
……坐落在……，面积为……平方千米。
?It is a large city, having/with a population/history of...它是一座大城市，有……人口/历史。
?...has a great mix of fun and learning for every one.……让每个人都能玩得开心并学有所得。
?Here you can enjoy...在这里你可以欣赏到……
?It is famous for.../as..., attracting many visitors from all over the world.……因/作为……闻名于世，吸引了许多来自世界各地的游客。
?It is rich in natural resources, including..., which enjoys a high reputation both at home and abroad.它自然资源丰富，有……，享誉国内外。
?If you want to have fun and more than fun, please come to...如果你想尽情娱乐，而且有更多的收获，就来……吧。
?It is convenient to get here by air and rail.乘飞机和坐火车到这里都很方便。
?I believe you will enjoy your visit today.我相信你们今天会玩得愉快。
(2)介绍旅游景点地理位置的常用句型
①表示“位置”的句型
?... is/lies＋地点状语 ……位于……
?...be located/situated＋地点状语
……坐落于……
②表示“海拔”的句型
?...lies/is＋数词＋metres above sea level.
……海拔……米。
(3)介绍旅游景点风景名胜的常用句型
①列举“风景名胜”
?There are many places of interest, such as...
有许多名胜，比如……
?...has many places of interest, among which is/are... ……有许多名胜，其中就有……
②表述地区特色
?…be famous/well known for...……因……而闻名。
?...be famous/well known as...……作为……而闻名。
?...be covered with...……为……所覆盖。
?...be made up of/consists of...……由……组成。
(4)介绍旅游景点历史背景的常用句型
?...has a long history of... years.……有……年的历史。
?...is a．.. place/country with... history.……是具有……年历史的地方/国家。
?...dates back to/dates from...……可以追溯到……
典题演练
假如你是李华，暑假期间你和父母一起外出旅游玩得很开心，你想将你的旅游经历用邮件的形式与你的英国笔友Tom分享。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
　谋篇布局
遣词造句
完成句子
1．我爸妈和我去了西藏首府拉萨旅行。
My parents and I ____________________ the capital city of Tibet, Lhasa.
2．拉萨也是这个地区的政治、经济和文化中心。
Lhasa ____________ political, economic and cultural ________________．
3．我们都对那儿的自然景观感到震惊。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4．那儿的自然景观让我们感到平静祥和。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5．我们首先参观了布达拉宫，它最初建于七世纪。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
句式升级
6．用定语从句合并1、2句。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
7．用定语从句合并3、4句。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
8．用非谓语动词改写句5。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
完美成篇
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Section Ⅳ　Writing——写有关旅游的电子邮件
Part Ⅰ　文体感知
Ⅰ.框架建构：整体理解
Para. 1 A　Para. 2 C　Para. 3 B
Ⅱ.文本剖析：特色表达
1．I'd suggest walking through Midtown Manhattan
2．I'd recommend a musical
3．recommend a place of cultural highlights
Part Ⅱ　Recommending cultural highlights
遣词造句
1．went on a trip to
2．is also the; center of the region
3．We were all surprised by the natural scenery there.
4．The natural scenery there made us feel peaceful and quiet.
5．We first visited the Potala Palace which was originally built in the 7th century.
6．My parents and I went on a trip to the capital city of Tibet, Lhasa, which is also the political, economic and cultural center of the region.
7．We were all surprised by the natural scenery there, which made us feel peaceful and quiet.
8．We first visited the Potala Palace originally built in the 7th century.
完美成篇
Dear Tom，
I'd like to share my travel experience with you. During this summer holiday，my parents and I went on a trip to the capital city of Tibet, Lhasa, which is also the political, economic and cultural center of the region.
We first visited the Potala Palace originally built in the 7th century. And then, we appreciated a rich collection of cultural treasures in Tibet Museum where we learned some useful historical knowledge about Tibet. During those days, we were all surprised by the natural scenery there, which made us feel peaceful and quiet. I strongly suggest that you travel to Tibet with me next time and I'm sure you will have a wonderful time.
I'm looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua(共115张PPT)
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
单元脉图·素养导引
01.课前预习·自主学习
02.要点精研·探究学习
03.课时达标·随堂自测
04.课时作业（九）
内容
索引
01.课前预习·自主学习
词汇预习·夯实基础
Ⅰ.词义匹配
(　　)1.oasis A．n.小洞穴
(　　)2.grotto B．n.陶瓷制品
(　　)3.expo C．n.(沙漠中的)绿洲
(　　)4.ceramics D．n.活动中心，汇集地
(　　)5.crossroads E．n.展览会，博览会
C
A
E
B
D
Ⅱ.拓展词汇知变形
1．glory n．荣誉；光荣→________ adj.辉煌的
2．religion n．宗教→________ adj.宗教的
3．mortal adj.不能永生的 n．凡人→________ n．神
4．heaven n．天堂，天国→________ adj.天国的
5．strength n．力气，体力→________ v．加强
6．cover v．覆盖，涉及→________ n．覆盖范围
glorious
religious
immortal
heavenly
strengthen
coverage
Ⅲ.补全短语
1．in ________ 详细地
2．date ________ 追溯到
3．thanks ________ 多亏，由于
4．seal ________ 封闭，密封
5．even ________ 即使
6．bring... ________ life 使复苏；(使)变得生动
detail
from/back to
to
up
though
to
预习验收·衔接课堂
Ⅰ.单词默写
1．________ n. (沙漠中的)绿洲
2．________ adj. 辉煌的
3．________ n. 小洞穴
4．________ n. 证据；证明
5．________ n. 雕像；塑像
6．________ adj. 宗教的
oasis
glorious
grotto
testimony
statue
religious
7．________ n. 高峰，顶点
8．________ adj. 纸卷，卷轴
9．________ n. 活动中心，汇集地
10．________ n. 展览会，博览会
11．________ vt. 加强
12．________ n. 覆盖范围
peak
scroll
crossroads
expo
strengthen
coverage
Ⅱ.短语填空
ahead of, look up, vary from... to, be unique to, as if, in detail, date from, thanks to, seal up, even though
1．Let's sit down and talk it over ________________．
2．The old temple ________________ the 16th century.
3．We ________________ the windows when winter comes.
4．________________ and you will see a plane in the sky.
5．As we all know, giant pandas ________________ China.
in detail
dates from
seal up
Look up
are unique to
6．It sounds ________________ they might have made a serious mistake.
7．The election was held six months ________________ schedule.
8．Wedding traditions and customs ________________ one country ________________ another.
9．________________ your help, we accomplished the task on time.
10．We will manage to accomplish the task in time ________________ it is difficult.
as if
ahead of
vary from
to
Thanks to
even though
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．现在，我们要参观700多个洞窟中著名的几个。
Now, we are going to enter some of the city's famous caves, ________________ there are more than 700.
2．这些古老的洞窟以莫高窟而闻名天下，它们是在岩石上开凿的，有1 000多年历史了。
________________ the Mogao Grottoes, these ancient caves were carved out of the rock over a period of 1，000 years.
of which
Known as
3．走近一点，以便你能看得更清楚。
Come a little bit closer ________________ you can get a better view.
4．画中天神在湛蓝的天空中飞翔，丝带飞舞，似乎正朝我们飞来。
The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky, ________________，as if they are about to fly down to meet us.
5．这些人物形象生动，反映了那个时代人们的自信和乐观。
These images are full of life, ________________________and optimism of people from that time.
so that
with their scarves flying
reflecting the confidence
课文自测·强化理解
Ⅰ.课文解构(挑战创新题)
Dunhuang
Statues
Apsaras
treasures
faded
life
Ⅱ.长难句分析
1．If you look up, you can see the paintings and other artworks that are testimony to how the Silk Road brought East and West together.
[句式分析]
本句中If引导条件状语从句。that are... together 为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the paintings and other artworks。在该定语从句中how the Silk... together作to的宾语。
[尝试翻译]
________________________________________________________________________________
如果你抬头观看，你会看到壁画和其他的艺术作品，它们是丝绸之路怎样把东西方联系在一起的证明。
2．Dating from 405 AD to 1002 AD, these hidden treasures give us a picture of Dunhuang when it was at the very centre of the Silk Road trade.
[句式分析]
Dating from 405 AD to 1002 AD为现在分词短语，在句中作状语。when it was at... trade为when引导的时间状语从句。
[尝试翻译]
追溯到公元405年到1002年，这些珍藏的宝贝向我们描绘了敦煌作为丝绸之路贸易中心时的场景。
Ⅲ.表格填空
Dunhuang Significance Past The gateway to and from Ancient China.
A place where East met West.
A green 1.________ in the middle of the desert.
Present A world class tourist destination with UNESCO protected 2.________ sites.
A global crossroads.
island
heritage
Caves Statues The statues includes 3.__________ from Ancient Greece, India and Iran.
Murals Coverage: an area of 4.____________ square metres.
Subjects：vary from religious stories to 5.________ of everyday life.
Apsaras It is called 6.“__________________”．
They present these heavenly musicians, singers and dancers.
Apsaras painted during the Tang Dynasty are a reflection of the 7._____________ and optimism of people from that time.
Library Cave Discovered inside were hidden 8.________．
elements
45，000
scenes
Flying Immortals
confidence
treasures
Ⅳ.根据课文内容选择正确答案
1．What can be learned from Paragraph 2
A．The statues in the caves include only Chinese elements.
B．The caves cover an area of 45，000 square metres.
C．The ancient caves were carved over 700 years.
D．Dunhuang played an important role in cultural and commercial exchange.
D
2．Which type of mural is unique to Dunhuang
A．Murals painted in bright colours.
B．Flying Immortals.
C．Murals with various subjects.
D．The mural is a mixture of different countries.
B
3．When did the Apsaras reach a peak
A．The Tang Dynasty.
B．The Ming Dynasty.
C．In 1900.
D．405 AD.
A
4．What made the Silk Road come to life again
A．The change of trade routes.
B．It was once a great city.
C．The Belt and Road Initiative.
D．The hidden treasures.
C
5．What can be inferred from Paragraph 4
A．A Taoist priest sealed up the cave.
B．Library Cave is the most important find in the 20th century.
C．Dunhuang was once an important trade centre.
D．The scrolls didn't provide detailed information.
C
Ⅴ.选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息(其中有一项是多余的)
A．as it used to be
B．so that you can get a better view
C．as if they are about to fly down to meet us
D．even though it was once such a great city
E.how the Silk Road brought East and West together
F．how travellers felt when they saw the oasis of Dunhuang ahead of them
1．You can only imagine ________．
2．If you look up, you can see the paintings and other artworks that are testimony to ________．
3．Come a little bit closer ________．
4．In the Ming Dynasty, trade routes changed and Dunhuang was not as prosperous ________．
5．Gradually, it faded from memory, ________．
F
E
B
A
D
原文研读·立体透析
[词汇积累]
①gateway/'ɡe twe / n．通往……的门户
②oasis/ 'e s s/ n．(沙漠中的)绿洲
③glorious/'ɡl ri s/ adj.辉煌的
④represent vt.代表
⑤significance n．重要性；意义
⑥cultural and commercial exchange文化和商业交流
⑦destination n．目的地
⑧boast/b st/ v．(地方、机构等)自豪地拥有(好的事物)
⑨heritage n．遗产
⑩grotto/'ɡr t / n．小洞穴
carve vt.雕刻
testimony/'test m ni/ n．证据；证明
statue/'st t u / n．雕像；塑像
element n．要素
mural/'mj r l/ n．壁画
cover an area of占多大的面积
vary from...to从……变化
religious/r 'l d s/ adj.宗教的
be unique to……所特有的
Apsaras/' ps r s/ n．飞天
immortal/ 'm tl/ n．神
representation n．表现；描述；代表
heavenly/'hev( )nli/ adj.天国的
decorate vt.装饰
depict vt.描绘
in detail详细地
lotus n．莲花
peak/pi k/ n．高峰，顶点
reflect vt.反映；思考
optimism n．乐观
Taoist priest道士
manuscript n．手稿；原稿
embroidery n．刺绣
date from/back to追溯到
thanks to多亏，由于
[教材原文]
WELCOME TO DUNHUANG!
Welcome to Dunhuang! On the old Silk Road, this city was the gateway① to and from Ancient China, a_place_where_East_met_West [1], and a green island in the middle of the desert. You can only imagine how travellers felt when they saw the oasis② of Dunhuang ahead of them.
[1]where引导定语从句，先行词是a place。
Dunhuang's long and glorious③ history represents④ its significance⑤ as a centre of cultural and commercial exchange⑥. Today, Dunhuang is a world class tourist destination⑦ boasting⑧ sites with UNESCO protected heritage⑨ status. Now, we are going to enter some of the city's famous caves, of_which_there_are_more_than_700[2]. Known_as_the_Mogao_Grottoes⑩[3], these ancient caves were carved out of the rock over a period of 1，000 years.
If you look up, you can see the paintings and other artworks that are testimony to how the Silk Road brought East and West together. Look at these statues ！ You can see elements from Ancient Greece, India and Iran. Now look around the walls of the e a little bit closer so_that_you_can_get_a_better_view[4]. Look at them! The murals cover an astonishing area of 45，000 square metres.
[2]of which引导定语从句。
[3]Known as...是过去分词短语作状语。
[4]so that引导目的状语从句。
The subjects of the Dunhuang murals vary from religious stories to scenes of everyday life. But one type of mural that is unique to Dunhuang shows the Apsaras ， or “Flying Immortals ”. Representations of these heavenly musicians, singers and dancers decorate the walls of many caves.
Take a look at this mural. The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky, with_their_scarves_flying[5], as_if_they_are_about_to_fly_down_to_meet_us [6]. And here is another one. Move over here where_you_can_see_it_in_more_detail [7]. The Apsaras are holding lotuses ， playing musical instruments, dancing and throwing flowers. The painting of Apsaras reached a peak during the Tang Dynasty; these images are full of life, reflecting _the_confidence_and_optimism _of_people_from_that_time[8].
[5]with their scarves flying是“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。
[6]as if引导的是方式状语从句，as if意为“似乎，好像”。
[7]where引导定语从句，先行词是here。
[8]现在分词短语作状语。
Now, something really extraordinary happened in 1900, when a Taoist priest made one of the most important finds of the 20th century. In a sealed cave, now known as the famous Library Cave, were hidden thousands of manuscripts ， paintings and scrolls, as well as silk embroideries .
We'll have a chance to see some of them shortly—the Library Cave is only a stone's throw from here. Dating_from _405_AD_to_1002_AD[9], these hidden treasures give us a picture of Dunhuang when_it_was_at_the_very_centre_of_the_Silk_Road_trade[10]. Thanks to this ancient library, we now know that goods arrived in Dunhuang from as far away as
[课文译文]
欢迎来到敦煌！
欢迎来到敦煌！坐落于古丝绸之路，敦煌是进出古代中国的门户，是东西方交汇的地方，是沙漠中央的一个绿色岛屿。你可以想象一下当旅行者看到他们面前的敦煌这个绿洲时的感受。
敦煌悠久和辉煌的历史展现了它作为文化和商业交流中心的重要地位。今天，敦煌是世界一流的旅游胜地，拥有受联合国教科文组织保护的遗址。现在，我们要参观700多个洞窟中著名的几个。
这些古老的洞窟以莫高窟而闻名天下，它们是在岩石上开凿的，有1 000多年历史了。如果你抬头观看，你会看到壁画和其他的艺术作品，它们是丝绸之路怎样把东西方联系在一起的证明。看这些雕塑！你能发现古希腊、印度和伊朗元素。现在环顾一下洞窟的墙面。走近一点，以便你能看得更清楚。看！壁画竟然覆盖达到45 000平方米。
敦煌壁画的主题从宗教故事到日常生活的场景各不相同。但是有一种壁画是敦煌所特有的——飞天，或者被称为“飞仙”。寓意着天上的乐师、歌手、舞者的形象装饰着很多洞窟的墙壁。请看这幅壁画。画中天神在湛蓝的天空中飞翔，丝带飞舞，似乎正朝我们飞来。请看另一幅。再过来点，你会看到更多细节。天神们有的手持莲花，有的正在演奏乐器，有的载歌载舞，有的扬手飞花。飞天绘画艺术在唐代达到了巅峰；这些人物形象鲜活生动，反映了那个时代人们的自信和乐观。
现代，1900年发生了不同寻常的事情，一个道士做出了20世纪最伟大的发现之一。在一个密封的洞里，也就是现在闻名的“藏经洞”里，珍藏了成千上万的手稿，绘画和经卷，还有丝质刺绣。我们有机会简单地看一看它们——藏经洞离这里很近。追溯到公元405年到1002年，这些珍藏的宝贝向我们描绘了敦煌作为丝绸之路贸易中心时的场景。多亏有了这个古老的图书馆，我们知道了到达敦煌的货物远至欧
export vt.出口
ceramics/s 'r m ks/ n.陶瓷制品
perfume n．香水；芳香
reveal vt.揭示；显示
seal up封闭；密封
prosperous adj.繁荣的
fade vt.变淡；衰落
bring...to life使复苏；(使)变得生动
crossroads/'kr sr dz/ n．活动中心，汇集地
representative n．代表
expo/'eksp / n．展览会，博览会
promote vt.提升，促进
strengthen/'stre θ( )n/ v．加强
cooperation n．合作
North-east Europe, and that goods were also exported from Dunhuang across Asia and Europe. The_scrolls_are_so_detailed_that_they_describe_the_vast_range_of_goods_that_were_imported_and_exported_from_Dunhuang,_such_as_ceramics ，_medicine,_perfumes _and_fruit,_to_name_just_a_few[11]. The scrolls also reveal how many different communities lived side-by-side within this great city. However, the_reason_why_the_Library_Cave_was_sealed_up _all_those_years_ago_remains_a_mystery [12].
[9]Dating from...是现在分词短语作状语。
[10]when引导时间状语从句。
[11]句中so detailed that为so...that引导的结果状语从句。
[12]why引导定语从句，先行词是the reason。
In the Ming Dynasty, trade routes changed and Dunhuang was not as prosperous as_it_used_to_be[13]. Gradually, it faded from memory, even_though_it_was_once_such_a_great_city[14].
[13]as引导方式状语从句。
[14]even though引导让步状语从句。
This century is bringing the Silk Road to life once more through the Belt and Road Initiative. Dunhuang has once again become a global crossroads since it hosted hundreds of representatives from 51 countries for the Silk Road International Cultural Expo in 2017. Given_that_the_theme_of_the_Expo_was_to_promote _cultural_exchange_and_strengthen _mutual_cooperation _between_the_countries_along_the_Silk_Road[15], Dunhuang was the ideal place.
Now let's move on to the next cave...
[15]Given that意为“考虑到，鉴于”，引导原因状语从句。,洲东北部，从敦煌出口的货物穿过亚洲和欧洲。这些卷轴如此详细，向我们描述了进出敦煌的大量货物，比如：陶器、药物、香水和水果，这里仅举几例。这些卷轴也揭示了多个民族在敦煌这个伟大城市中友好共存。然而，藏经洞被尘封那么多年的原因依然是个谜。
到了明代，随着贸易路线的变迁，敦煌不再像以前那样繁荣。虽然敦煌曾经是一个如此伟大的城市，但它还是从人们的记忆中一点点地消失了。
21世纪，通过“一带一路”倡议，丝绸之路重获生机。自2017年敦煌举行了由51个国家的100多位代表参加的丝绸之路国际文化博览会以来，它再次成为全球的活动中心。鉴于本次博览会的主题是促进丝绸之路沿线国家文化交流和加强彼此之间的相互协作，敦煌是一个理想的地方。
现在，我们去往下一个洞窟吧……
02.要点精研·探究学习
1)glorious adj.辉煌的，光荣的)
(教材原句)Dunhuang's long and glorious history represents its significance as a centre of cultural and commercial exchange.敦煌悠久而辉煌的历史体现了它作为文化和商业交流中心的重要性。
a glorious victory 光荣的胜利
glorious traditions 光荣的传统
die a glorious death 死得光荣
[单词积累]　glory n．[U]光荣，荣誉
[C]辉煌的成就
[名师点津]　win glory for为……赢得荣誉
for the glory of为了……的荣誉
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The picture reminds me of my ________ (glory) past.
②He dreamt of future ________ (glorious) as an Olympic champion.
glorious
glory
完成句子
③Joe was highly thought of and sent to take part in the speech contest to ________________ (为……赢得荣誉) our school.
④He took part in the competition ___________ (为了……的荣誉) his class.
win glory for
for the glory of
2)boast v．(地方、机构等)自豪地拥有(好的事物)；夸耀，吹嘘)
(教材原句)Today, Dunhuang is a world-class tourist destination boasting sites with UNESCO-protected heritage status.如今，敦煌是世界一流的旅游胜地，拥有联合国教科文组织保护的遗产。
The hotel also boasts two swimming pools and a golf course.那家宾馆还拥有两个游泳池和一个高尔夫球场。
He boasted about the big fish he had caught.
他夸耀钓到的那条大鱼。
They boasted that they had never lost a single game.
他们吹嘘说从来没有输过一场比赛。
boast about... 夸耀……
boast that... 吹嘘说……
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He didn't talk about his exam results in case people thought he ____________ (boast).
②Sam boasted ________ he could beat anyone at poker.
was boasting
that
完成句子
③Parents enjoy ____________________________________ (夸耀子女所取得的成就).
④He ____________________ (过去常向我们夸耀) his rich aunt.
boasting about their children's achievements
used to boast to us about
3)peak n．高峰，顶点，顶峰；山顶，山峰　v．达到高峰，达到最高值)
(教材原句)The painting of Apsaras reached a peak during the Tang Dynasty...飞天壁画在唐朝达到了顶峰……
Sales this month have reached a new peak.
本月的销售额创了新高。
We saw a victory by an athlete at the very peak of her fitness and career.
我们目睹了由一位在她的身体和职业生涯均处在顶峰的运动员取得的胜利。
snow-capped mountain peaks白雪覆盖的山顶
It's always crammed with tourists at peak times.
在高峰期，这里总是挤满游客。
Temperatures have peaked at over 90 degrees.
温度已达到最高值，超过了90度。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①It is one of the most difficult ________ (peak) to climb.
②The Beatles were ________ their peak during the 1960s.
③Official figures show that unemployment ________ (peak) in November.
完成句子
④He seems ____________________ (已经达到顶峰) of his tennis career.
⑤Don't go there ________________ (在旺季)—it'll be hot and crowded.
peaks
at
peaked
to have reached the peak
in the peak season
4)strengthen v．加强，(使)变强)
(教材原句)Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road...博览会的主题是促进文化交流，加强丝绸之路沿线国家的相互合作……
Our friendship has steadily strengthened over the years.
我们的友谊逐年加深。
We will strengthen the protection of oases.
我们将加强绿洲保护。
Cycling is good exercise. It strengthens all the muscles of the body.骑自行车是好的锻炼。它使全身肌肉变得强健。
strengthen environmental protection 加强环境保护
strengthen the awareness 强化意识
strengthen one's resolve 坚定决心
[单词积累]　strength n．[U]力量，力气；[C]长处，优势，优点
with all one's strength用尽全力
build up one's strength增强体力
strengths and weaknesses长处和短处
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Our bodies ________________ (strength) by exercising; similarly, our minds are developed by learning.
②She showed me some exercises for ____________ (strength) my lower back.
③He pushed against the rock with all his ________ (strong).
④To make members of a team perform better, the coach first of all has to know their ________ (strength) and weaknesses.
⑤I'm trying to build ________ my strength.
are strengthened
strengthening
strength
strengths
up
5)coverage n．覆盖范围，新闻报道，内容范围)
5G coverage areas 5G覆盖地区
Magazines with extensive coverage of diet and health topics.广泛涵盖饮食和健康主题的杂志。
When the journey ended, Zacs adventure received widespread media coverage.
当返程结束时，扎克的冒险经历受到了媒体的广泛报道。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①More satellites are needed to provide telephone ________ (cover) in remote areas.
完成句子
②The accident has received ___________ (广泛报道) in the press.
coverage
wide coverage
6)vary from...to... 在……到……之间变化)
(教材原句)The subjects of the Dunhuang murals vary from religious stories to scenes of everyday life.
敦煌壁画的主题从宗教故事到日常生活场景各不相同。
Opinions on the matter vary from person to person.
对这件事情的看法人人意见不一致。
Office hours vary from company to company and country to country.
因公司、国家不同，办公时间也有所不同。
People vary in taste.每个人嗜好不同。
The prices of some goods vary with the season.
某些货物的价格随着季节而变化。
vary in 在……方面不同
vary with 随……而变化
[联想拓展]
“各种各样的”表达形式：
a variety of　varieties of　all kinds of　all sorts of　various
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Customs can vary from region ________ region.
②The samples varied ________ quality but were generally acceptable.
③The menu varies ________ the season.
④As they're handmade, each one ________ (vary) slightly.
to
in
with
varies
7)bring...(back) to life使……焕发生机/复活)
(教材原句)This century is bringing the Silk Road to life once more through the Belt and Road Initiative.
21世纪，通过“一带一路”倡议，丝绸之路再次焕发生机。
The detective came (back) to life.这个侦探苏醒过来了。
come to life 苏醒过来，复活；变得更有趣
lead/live a(n)...life 过着……的生活
full of life 充满活力
[名师点津]　
bring...(back) to life是及物动词短语，可用于被动语态。
come (back) to life意为“苏醒”，是不及物动词短语，不可用于被动语态。
[语境助记]　
We tried in vain to bring the drowned swimmer back to life．我们试图让溺水的游泳者苏醒过来，却是徒然。
[即学即练]　完成句子
①这位新来的老师把我们的法语课教得生动活泼。
The new teacher really ______________________________．
②比赛在下半场终于变得精彩起来了。
The match finally ________________ in the second half.
brought French to life for us
came to life
8)(教材原句)Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road, Dunhuang was the ideal place.鉴于本届世博会的主题是促进丝绸之路沿线国家的文化交流和加强相互合作，敦煌便是一个理想的地方。)
[句式解构]　given that引导状语从句
(1)given that连词，意为“考虑到”，相当于considering that，引导原因状语从句。
Given that there is often poor visibility, the site chosen as an airport is not appropriate.
考虑到这里能见度经常欠佳，所以选为机场是不合适的。
(2)另外，given that作为从属连词，等同于supposing that, on condition that, 表示“假定，假如”，引导表示条件的从句。
Given that I had been abroad last year, you should have found me nowhere here at home.
假如我去年在国外，你当时在国内任何地方都找不到我。
(3)given介词，表示“考虑到；鉴于”，后接名词或名词短语。
Given her interest in children, teaching seems the right job for her.
考虑到她喜欢孩子，教书看来是很适合她的工作。
[语境助记]　
Given that this is the case, why aren't students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit
鉴于这种情况，为什么不按照教他们解决数学问题、开车或保持身体健康的方法教给学生处理矛盾冲突的办法？
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Given ________ current treatments are a far cry from a cure and do not work for everyone, some people feel there is no harm in trying something that might improve their quality of life.
②________ (give) the fact that there are serious defects in either of the suggestions, I insist that a full play should be given to each other's advantages for our purpose.
that
Given
03.课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．From my point of view, we can take the mysterious, hazy future and carve out of it anything that we can imagine, just as a sculptor carves a ________ (雕像) from a shapeless stone.
2．As we were leaving, we found that only minutes earlier an elderly woman had fallen over at the ________ (通向……的门户) to the scenic area with her head on the concrete. There was blood everywhere and the woman was embarrassed and clearly weakened.
statue
gateway
3．An equally important point of view for the renewable fuels will be to store solar energy so that it is available at times of ________ (高峰) demand and overnight.
4．Since the late 1970s, fast-rising house prices, large cuts in government supported housing programmes, and economic recession have made it impossible for many pessimistic Americans to meet housing costs at the ________ (汇集地) of trade and investment.
peak
crossroads
5．Immigrants numbering some 1.14 million out of Italy's 56.7 million people in 1990, have been a ________ (证据) to a sharp abnormal immigration increase in Italy recently, which has a much weaker tradition of immigration.
6．Ultimately, one option is to stick with the plans to cope with all the big problems of health at once, ranging from cost of medical treatment to ________ (覆盖范围) to quality.
testimony
coverage
7．Indeed, this absurd love of speed seems never-ending. Every year motor-cars are produced which go even faster and each new computer ________ (吹嘘) of saving precious seconds in handling tasks.
8．Dozens of circumstances show that willpower is the single most important habit for a person's success. So the best way to ________ (加强) willpower is to make it into a habit.
boasts
strengthen
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The attraction of the Cloisters museum and gardens lies in the fact that its collections date ________ the Middle Ages.
2．In the 1760s, Mathurin Roze opened a series of shops that ________ (boast) a special meat soup called consommé.
3．The publication of Great Expectations, which was both widely reviewed and highly praised, ________ (strength) Dickens' status as a leading novelist.
from
boasted
strengthened
4．What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals ________ (know) as volatile organic compounds, VOCs for short.
5．With that ________ mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company.
6．Despite the extensive ________ (cover) in the popular media of the destruction of possessions, little formal and valuable information is available for researchers in this area.
known
in
coverage
7．________ (give) the cost of self-driving technology as well as commercial sales and maintenance issues, the first commercially available driverless cars will almost certainly be employed by ride-hailing services.
8．In this lecture, the view is considered unique ________ us how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future.
Given
to
04.课时作业（九）
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The guests had all arrived, and the g________ (大门口) was crowded with numerous coaches.
2．We opened the windows and let in the pure g________ (辉煌的) evening air.
3．I don't want to b________ (自夸), but I can actually speak six languages in fluency.
gateway
glorious
boast
4．Her living room is also her office, filled with desks, books, papers, a t________ (证明)to her affection for her work.
5．They uncovered the s________ (塑像) at the beginning of the bullfighting.
6．The bomb went off in a concrete dustbin at the p________ (高峰) of the morning shift hour.
7．The detective was presented with a s________ (卷轴) honoring his achievements.
testimony
statue
peak
scroll
8．The correspondent is at a c________ (十字路口) in his career—either he stays in his current job and waits for promotion, or he accepts this new post in Brazil.
crossroads
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．How ________ (glorious) happy the Madame had been during those few floating moments of time!
2．He has attracted much attention by setting the widespread ancient ________ (religion) texts to music.
gloriously
解析：句意：在那些飞逝的短暂时光里，那位女士是多么幸福啊！gloriously adv.光荣地，辉煌地；壮观地。根据句式结构可知这里用副词来修饰形容词happy。
religious
解析：句意：他因为给那些流传甚广的古老的宗教经书谱曲而备受关注。religious adj.虔诚的；笃信宗教的；宗教的。根据句式结构可知这里用形容词作定语。
3．The idea of spending two weeks with his parents may seem instinctively ________ (heaven).
4．The likables' plays well with others qualities ________ (strong) schoolyard recognition and jump start interpersonal skills.
heavenly
解析：句意：和他的父母一起度过两周的想法可能本能地(让人)觉得十分美好。heavenly adj.天国的，美好的。在本句中作表语。
strengthen
解析：句意：讨人喜欢的人与他人友好相处的品质能增强校园认同，激发人际交往的能力。strengthen v．(使)变强；加强。
5．Most media ________ (cover) disapproves of the travellers' abnormal lifestyle and values.
6．She showed ________ (remark) courage when she heard the vexed news.
coverage
解析：句意：大多数媒体报道都不赞成那些旅行者的反常的生活方式和价值观。coverage n．范围，规模；(新闻)报道。
remarkable
解析：句意：当听到这烦恼的消息时，她表现出非凡的勇气。remarkable adj.异常的，引人注目的；卓越的；显著的；非凡的，非常(好)的。在句子中作定语。
7．The bullfighting was broadcast live and ________ (attract) the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time.
8．China has fueled the historical fashionable ________ (imagine) for centuries.
attracted
解析：句意：这场斗牛表演是现场直播的，吸引了当时电视史上一晚最多的观众。attract vt.吸；吸引；引起(注意，兴趣等)。根据句意可知用过去式。
imagination
解析：句意：几个世纪以来，中国一直在推动有关历史的时尚想象力。imagination n．想象力。
9．The ________ (significant) for college students of doing a part time job means more than fees and experience.
10．Wilson has covered an ________ (astonish) 64，000 miles, and has had numerous pleasant and often humorous conversations with the students he transports to and from school.
significance
解析：句意：大学生打工的意义不仅在于钱和经验。significance n．重要性；意义。
astonishing
解析：句意：威尔逊已经行驶了令人吃惊的六万四千英里，和他送去上下学的学生进行了无数次愉快而又幽默的谈话。astonishing adj.使人吃惊的，惊人的。
Ⅲ.用所给短语的适当形式填空
vary from, arrive in, be used to, seal up, even though, date from, thanks to, once again, more than, look up
1．Complex English learning means ____________ studying grammar and vocabulary.
2．She ____________ for a moment, then continued drawing the undergrowth.
3．University fees ____________ a few hundred dollars to thousands in large cities.
more than
looked up
vary from
4．The castle the detective visited last week in England ____________ 1，000 years ago. It deeply impressed me.
5．____________advances in technology, how we make friends and cooperate with them has changed significantly.
6．The trainees should have ____________ Beijing by this time.
7．The vexed students ____________ the cracks in the window to stop the icy wind from blowing in.
dates from
Thanks to
arrived in
sealed up
8．As you know, old people ____________ getting up early in the morning instinctively.
9．The luxury show went on as scheduled ____________ the elements were against it.
10．She leaned against a tree to have a break and started ____________ on the steep upward climb.
are used to
even though
once again
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Dunhuang used to be the gateway to and from Ancient China, a place 1.________ East met West, and a green island in the middle of the desert. Dunhuang's long and glorious history represents its significance as a centre of 2.________ (culture) and commercial exchange. And now, it is a world-class tourist destination 3.________ (boast) sites with UNESCO-protected heritage status. 4.________ (know) as the Mogao Grottoes, its over 700 ancient caves were carved out of the rock over a period of 1，000 years.
where
cultural
boasting
Known
5.________ you look up, you can see the paintings and other artworks that consist of elements from Ancient Greece, India and Iran. The subjects of the Dunhuang murals vary from 6.________ (religion) stories to scenes of everyday life. These images are full of life, reflecting the 7.________ (confident) and optimism of people from that time. In a sealed cave, now known as the famous Library Cave, 8.________ (hide) thousands of manuscripts, paintings and scrolls, as well as silk embroideries.
If
religious
confidence
were hidden
9.________， the reason why the Library Cave was sealed up all those years ago remains a mystery. In the Ming Dynasty, trade routes changed and Dunhuang was not as prosperous as it used to be. 10.________ (gradual) , it faded from memory, even though it was once such a great city.
Dunhuang has once again become a global crossroads since it hosted hundreds of representatives from 51 countries for the Silk Road International Cultural Expo in 2017.
However
Gradually
Ⅴ.七选五
We often focus on building relationships with others, but we forget the essential first step: being friends of ourselves. That is the important first step if we are to have good relationships with others. __1__
1.Forgive yourself.
You may have made those mistakes in the past, but is there anything you can do about them I don't think so, except learning from them. Maybe you are not perfect, but neither is everybody else. __2__ So do yourself a favor by giving yourself forgiveness.
2.Focus on your strengths.
__3__ You always have some strengths which give you a unique combination nobody else have. Recognize your strengths and build your life around them.
3.Write your success stories.
One reason we may not like ourselves is we are so focused on what we don't have that we forget about what we have. So make a list of your achievements; write your success stories. They do not have to be big things. __4__ For example, if you have some good friends, that's already an achievement. If you have a good family, that is also an achievement.
4.Stop comparing yourself with others.
You are unique. You can never be like other people, and neither can other people be like you. The way you measure your success is not determined by other people and what they achieve. Instead, it is determined by your own life purpose. You have everything you need to achieve your life purpose, so it's useless to compare yourself with others.
5.__5__
You don't like other people lying to you, right Similarly, you won't like yourself if you know that you lie to yourself. Whether you realize it or not, that gives your mind a reason not to like yourself. That's why it's important to always be true to yourself. Whatever you do, be honest and follow your conscience.
A．Always be true to yourself.
B．Accept things you can't change.
C．It's normal to make mistakes.
D．Here are some tips to be friends of ourselves.
E．Instead of focusing on your weaknesses, focus on your strengths.
F．There are a lot of small but important achievements in our life.
G．You might be disappointed with yourself on why you could make such mistakes.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。我们经常专注于与他人建立关系，却忘记了最重要的第一步：做自己的朋友。这是我们与他人建立良好关系的重要的第一步。文章主要说明了一些与自己成为朋友的建议。
1．答案：D　解析：本句为第一段最后一句，有引出下文的作用，结合后文主要说明了五点如何与自己友好相处、成为朋友的建议可知D选项“这里有一些与自己成为朋友的建议”符合上下文语境。
2．答案：C　解析：根据后文“So do yourself a favor by giving yourself forgiveness.”可知要原谅自己。由此可知本句是在说明人犯错误是很正常的，要学着原谅自己。故C选项“犯错是正常的”符合上下文语境。
3．答案：E　解析：根据后文“You always have some strengths which give you a unique combination nobody else have.Recognize your strengths and build your life around them.”可知，你总有一些优势，能给你独一无二、别人没有的组合。要认识到自己的长处，并围绕这些长处生活。由此可知是在建议与其关注自己的弱点，不如多关注自己的优点。故E选项符合上下文语境。
4．答案：F　解析：根据后文“For example，if you have some good friends, that's already an achievement.If you have a good family，that is also an achievement.”可知，如果你有一些好朋友，那已经是一种成就了。如果你有一个好的家庭，那也是一种成就。由此可知此处是在列举生活中一些小而重要的成就。故F选项“在我们的生活中有很多小而重要的成就”符合上下文语境。
5．答案：A　解析：根据后文中的“That's why it's important to always be true to yourself.”可知，这就是为什么一直做真实的自己很重要。由此可知本段是在建议要做真实的自己。故A选项“永远做真实的自己”符合上下文语境。
完形填空
Can you remember the first time you received a generous act I can't, but I __1__ remember the first time I understood the meaning of generosity.
I was in Grade Four. Fred was a boy in my class who lived in difficult conditions. His parents couldn't afford to buy him all the stationary (文具) that he needed, and one of the basic items he __2__ was colored pencils. So every time we needed to use colored pencils, Fred would __3__ some of mine.
Knowing this, my mother said it must have been hard for him to always __4__ others. Instead of driving home, she drove directly to the closest stationery shop and had me __5__ some for Fred.
The next day I was sent to school with these things and was told to give them to Fred in __6__； I shouldn't cause Fred to feel __7__， but should just give them to him and tell him they were his to __8__. Receiving these, Fred looked __9__ at first, then happy and proud. He had his own stationery!
To me, it's okay to let Fred use my pencils. However, my mom realized what a __10__ it would make for Fred to have his own. Generosity is __11__ an opportunity to do something within your __12__. Besides, it's never limited to material things. Thinking creatively and sharing __13__ to help others find solutions are also acts of generosity. Give someone your time and __14__ by listening mindfully. More importantly, it isn't doing something to be seen but giving with no __15__ of anything in exchange.,　
1．A.vaguely B．hardly C．clearly D．typically
2．A.owned B．lost C．mentioned D．lacked
3．A.borrow B．collect C．show D．exchange
4．A.test out B．rely on C．cheer for D．appeal to
5．A.design B．remember C．select D．recommend
6．A.caution B．person C．return D．secret
7．A.surprised B．confused C．embarrassed D．disappointed
8．A.present B．keep C．notice D．treasure
9．A.uncertain B．unaware C．pleasant D．urgent
10．A.fortune B．difference C．name D．Commitment
11．A.offering B．missing C．bringing D．finding
12．A.responsibility B．capability C．availability D．possibility
13．A.wisdom B．benefit C．contribution D．approval
14．A.politeness B．permission C．attention D．curiosity
15．A.argument B．hesitation C．doubt D．expectation
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在四年级的时候在母亲的引导下给予同学弗雷德文具的善意举动，这使作者第一次懂得了慷慨的含义。
1．答案：C　解析：根据下文的描述可知，作者清晰地记得第一次懂得慷慨的含义。故选C。
2．答案：D　解析：根据前文“His parents couldn't afford to buy him all the stationary (文具) that he needed”可知，他的家庭买不起他需要的所有文具，所以此处指他缺的东西就是彩色铅笔。故选D。
3．答案：A　解析：根据前文可知，弗雷德家里买不起文具，所以此处指当他需要的时候，他就会借用作者的铅笔。故选A。
4．答案：B　解析：根据前文“every time we needed to use colored pencils, Fred would ________ some of mine”可知，每次他需要彩色铅笔时就会借用作者的，所以此处指依赖他人。故选B。
5．答案：C　解析：结合前文“she drove directly to the closest stationery shop”可知，此处指妈妈让作者给弗雷德挑一些文具。故选C。
6．答案：D　解析：根据下文“I shouldn't cause Fred to feel...”可知，此处指让作者秘密地给弗雷德，in secret“秘密地，悄悄地”。故选D。
7．答案：C　解析：根据下文“just give them to him and tell him they were his...”可知，这样做是为了不让弗雷德感到尴尬。故选C。
8．答案：B　解析：根据上下文可知，告诉弗雷德这些东西是他的，那么他就可以保留这些文具。故选B。
9．答案：A　解析：结合语境可知，拿到这些文具是弗雷德没有预料到的，所以一开始他觉得不确定。故选A。
10．答案：B　解析：make a difference“有影响，起(重要)作用”，此处指拥有自己的文具对弗雷德是重要的。故选B。
11．答案：D　解析：根据下文“an opportunity to do something”可知，此处指找到做一些事情的机会。故选D。
12．答案：B　解析：根据前文内容可知，作者的妈妈带作者到文具店帮弗雷德买文具，这是在作者妈妈能力之内的事情。故选B。
13．答案：A　解析：根据下文“to help others find solutions”可知，此处指分享智慧。故选A。
14．答案：C　解析：根据下文“by listening mindfully”可知，倾听的时候要投入注意力。故选C。
15．答案：D　解析：结合下文“anything in exchange”可知，此处指慷慨的给予不期望用任何东西作交换。故选D。Section Ⅱ　Using language
要点精研·探究学习
1)department n．(大学的)系，部；科；处)
(教材原句)In 1929, Qian was accepted into the Department of Foreign Languages at Tsinghua University.
1929年，钱钟书被清华大学外语系录取。
He resigned as head of department.
他辞去了部门主管的职务。
the English department＝the department of English 英语系
the marketing/sales department 营销部/销售部
the Treasury Department 财政部
the Department of the Environment 环境部
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①There are more than twenty ________ (department) in the key university.
单句写作
②他把他的部门管理得很好。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
③我梦想去山东大学英语系学习。
________________________________________________________________________
2)give an account of叙述，指述)
(教材原句)Zhang Qian, a diplomat, gave a reliable account of the lands of Central Asia for the Han court.
外交家张骞为汉朝朝廷提供了中亚地区的可靠资料。
The correspondent was too shocked to give an account of what had happened.记者震惊得无法描述所发生的事情。
She gave an incomplete account of the incident.
她对那个事件作了不完整的叙述。
She gave a thrilling account of her life in the jungle.
她把自己在丛林中的生活描述得惊险刺激。
He doesn't drink alcohol on account of his poor health.
由于身体不好，他不喝酒。
Can you account for your absence last Friday
你能解释一下上周五你为什么缺勤吗？
The professor warned the students that on no account should they use mobile phones in his class.
教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上绝对不能使用手机。
on account of 由于；因为
on no account 决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
take sth. into account＝take account of sth. 考虑到某事；把某事考虑进去
be of little/no account (to sb.) 对(某人)无足轻重/不重要
account for 解释；是……的原因；占(一定数量或比例)
[单词积累]　
account n．[C]账户，账目，报道；叙述；说明　v．解释
accountant n．会计
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The heavy rain may have accounted ________ the landslide last night.
②The doctor will take your weight ________ account and then give some suggestions.
③________ account of his knowledge of the mountainous country, John Smith was appointed as our guide.
④She gave the police a full account ________ the incident.
⑤Exports play an important role in their company, ________ (account) for 70% of their trade.
识记下列重要知识点,
①fundamental adj.基础的；根本的；十分重大的
②scholar学者；scholarship奖学金；
win a scholarship获得奖学金
③Confucius孔子；Confucianism孔子学说；
the Confucius Institute孔子学院
④be mixed with　　　　与……混合在一起
⑤as a whole 总的来说
⑥be an expert in 精通，熟于……
⑦interact with 与……相互作用
状语从句
语法新知·衔接课堂
一、语法现象感知
①You can only imagine how travellers felt when they saw the oasis of Dunhuang ahead of them.
②If you look up, you can see the paintings and other artworks that are testimony to how the Silk Road brought East and West together.
③The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky, with their scarves flying, as if they are about to fly down to meet us.
④...these hidden treasures give us a picture of Dunhuang when it was at the very centre of the Silk Road trade.
⑤In the Ming Dynasty, trade routes changed and Dunhuang was not as prosperous as it used to be.
⑥Gradually, it faded from memory, even though it was once such a great city.
二、语法规则理解
1．①④句是________状语从句。
2．②句是________状语从句。
3．③⑤句是________状语从句。
4．⑥句是________状语从句。
语法探究·核心突破
　　状语从句(Adverbial Clause)是指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。状语从句可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词，定语、状语或整个句子。状语从句有时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较和让步状语从句共9种。
一、时间状语从句
时间状语从句用来说明主句谓语动词发生的时间。常用引导词：when，as，while，as soon as, before, after, since, till, until。
1．when/while/as
连词 含义及用法
when “当……时候”，可与延续性动词或短暂性动词连用；从句动作可以发生在主句动作之前、之后或与主句动作同时发生。
while “当……时候”，一般与延续性动词连用，从句动作与主句动作同时发生。
as “一边……一边……”，常与延续性动词连用，从句动作与主句动作同时或几乎同时发生。
When they heard the news, they were very excited.当他们听到这个消息时，非常激动。
While/When she was reading her parents' letter, she was very moved.她读父母的信时，非常感动。
As she grew older, she gained in confidence.
随着年龄的增长，她的信心增强了。
(微点拨)　(1)when还可作并列连词，意为“就在这个时候”。
I was doing my homework when someone knocked at the door.我正在做作业，这时突然有人敲门。,常用于以下句型：
①be about to do... when正要做……这时
②be doing... when正在做……这时
③had done... when刚做完……就
(2)while还可引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”。另外，while还可用作并列连词，表示“然而”。
While/Although/Though he is young， he has become a professor of this university.,虽然他很年轻，但他已成为这个大学的一名教授。
2.before/since
连词 含义及用法
before 表示“在……之前；还没来得及……就……”，常用于“It will be/was＋时间段＋before从句”结构。
since 表示“自从……以来”，常用于“It is/has been＋时间段＋since从句”结构。
People think it won't be long before Dunhuang becomes a global crossroads again.
人们相信过不了多久敦煌会再次成为全球的活动中心。
As is reported, it is over 100 years since Tsinghua University was founded.
据报道，清华大学已经建校100多年了。
3．not...until...表示“直到……才”，主句谓语动词必须是非延续性动词。
As far as I know, his mother won't go to bed until he returns home every evening.
据我所知，他母亲每晚直到他回家才会上床睡觉。
4．表示“一……就……”的连词：
(1)hardly/scarcely... when..., no sooner...than...
Hardly had we got into the village when it began to rain.
我们刚到这个村庄，天就下起雨来。
(2)directly, immediately, instantly
He made for the door directly he heard the knock.
他一听到敲门声，就朝门口走去。
(3)the moment/minute/instant
The moment he saw his mother, he burst into tears.他一看到他的母亲就大哭起来。
二、原因状语从句
常用引导词：because，since，as, now that, considering that(考虑到，鉴于)
连词 含义及用法
because 语气最强，表示必然的因果关系，用来回答why的提问。
since 语气稍弱，表示对方已经知晓的原因或事实，意为“既然；因为；由于”。
as 语气最弱，往往不是明显的原因，只是对结果的附带说明。
She's got the job because she has a good command of many languages.
她得到了这份工作因为她精通多种语言。
Since it is late，I shall go home now.
既然天晚了，我现在该回家了。
As he wasn't there, we left a message.
由于他不在，我们给他留下了一条信息。
三、让步状语从句
1．although，though，as和while引导的让步状语从句
(1)though引导的从句可用倒装语序，也可不倒装；although引导的从句不倒装；as引导的从句必须用倒装语序。
Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now.
虽然这些措施并不能永远有效，但它们目前是至关重要的。
Tired as/though he is, he offers to help me.
尽管他已经很累了，他还是主动提出帮助我。
(2) while引导让步状语从句，只能置于句首。
While I am willing to help，I do not have much time available.
尽管我愿意帮忙，但是没有多少时间。
2．even if与even though引导的让步状语从句
John is in good shape physically even though/even if he doesn't have enough time to take exercise.
约翰尽管没有足够的时间锻炼，但体形很好。
3．“疑问词＋ ever”引导的让步状语从句
“疑问词＋ ever”表示“无论……”，引导让步状语从句时，相当于“no matter＋疑问词”。
No matter how/However well you know Paris, it is easy to get lost.
不管你对巴黎多么熟悉，也很容易迷路。
四、其他状语从句
状语从句 连词
条件状语从句 if, unless(＝if...not) , so/as long as(只要), on condition that, in case (万一), suppose/ supposing, provided/providing
目的状语从句 so that, in order that, in case (以防)
结果状语从句 so that, so... that..., such... that...
地点状语从句 where, wherever
方式状语从句 as(正如，正像).as if/as though(好像)
比较状语从句 than, as... as..., not as/so...as...
As long as you can keep away from them, you're safe.只要你离他们远一点，你就会安全。
I'll give you all the facts so that you can judge for yourself.
我把所有事实都告诉你，以便你自己做出判断。
Our country's history is so long and glorious that we are all proud of it.
我们国家的历史如此悠久和辉煌，以至于我们都感到自豪。
They completely ignore these facts as if they never existed.
他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它们不存在似的。
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Researchers are applying scientific methods to the study of the universality of art. For instance, evolutionary psychology is being used by numerous literary ________ (scholar) to explain the long lasting themes in fiction.
2．The project will be of great benefit to the region as ________ whole.
3．Give ________ account of what happened in not more than 80 words.
4．The powder ________ (mix) with cold water to form a paste.
5．Price is determined through the ________ (interact) of demand and supply.
Ⅱ.用适当的状语从句的连词填空
1．Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion ________ he wants their support.
2．On our way to the house, it was raining ________ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there.
3．________ we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.
4．Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend so ________ they get sweet enough to be eaten.
5．________ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
6．________ scientists have learned a lot about the universe, there is much we still don't know.
7．If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people ________ you figure it out.
8．It will be three years ________ they meet again.
9．This photo of mine was taken ________ stood the famous Eiffel Tower.
10．I was driving down to London ________ I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．既然你有机会，就该充分利用。
________________，you might as well make full use of it.
2．只要你不灰心，你就会成功。
________________， you will succeed.
3．无论他说什么，不要相信他。
Don't trust him, ________________．
4．如果你方便的话，明天晚上7点我会在音乐厅的门口与你会面。
________________， I'll meet you at the entrance of the music hall at 7：00 tomorrow evening.
5．这是一项如此激动人心的活动，以至于我们都玩得非常愉快。
It was such ________________ we all enjoyed ourselves very much.
Section Ⅱ　Using language
要点精研·探究学习
1．①departments
②He managed his department well.
③I dream of studying in the English department of Shandong University.
2．①for　②into　③On　④of　⑤accounting
状语从句
语法新知·衔接课堂
二、
时间　条件　方式　让步
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．scholars　2.a　3.an　4.is mixed　5.interaction
Ⅱ.用适当的状语从句的连词填空
1．unless　2.so　3.If　4.that　5.Unless　6.Although/Though　7.until　8.before　9.where　10.when
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．Now that/Since you've got a chance
2．As long as you don't lose heart
3．no matter what/whatever he says
4．If it is convenient for you
5．an exciting activity that(共68张PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Using language
01.要点精研·探究学习
02.语法探究·核心突破
03.课时达标·随堂自测
04.课时作业（十）
内容
索引
01.要点精研·探究学习
1)department n．(大学的)系，部；科；处)
(教材原句)In 1929, Qian was accepted into the Department of Foreign Languages at Tsinghua University.
1929年，钱钟书被清华大学外语系录取。
He resigned as head of department.
他辞去了部门主管的职务。
the English department＝the department of English 英语系
the marketing/sales department 营销部/销售部
the Treasury Department 财政部
the Department of the Environment 环境部
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①There are more than twenty ________ (department) in the key university.
单句写作
②他把他的部门管理得很好。_____________________________
③我梦想去山东大学英语系学习。
_________________________________________________________
departments
He managed his department well.
I dream of studying in the English department of Shandong University.
2)give an account of叙述，指述)
(教材原句)Zhang Qian, a diplomat, gave a reliable account of the lands of Central Asia for the Han court.
外交家张骞为汉朝朝廷提供了中亚地区的可靠资料。
The correspondent was too shocked to give an account of what had happened.记者震惊得无法描述所发生的事情。
She gave an incomplete account of the incident.
她对那个事件作了不完整的叙述。
She gave a thrilling account of her life in the jungle.
她把自己在丛林中的生活描述得惊险刺激。
He doesn't drink alcohol on account of his poor health.
由于身体不好，他不喝酒。
Can you account for your absence last Friday
你能解释一下上周五你为什么缺勤吗？
The professor warned the students that on no account should they use mobile phones in his class.
教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上绝对不能使用手机。
on account of 由于；因为
on no account 决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
take sth. into account＝take account of sth. 考虑到某事；把某事考虑进去
be of little/no account (to sb.) 对(某人)无足轻重/不重要
account for 解释；是……的原因；占(一定数量或比例)
[单词积累]　
account n．[C]账户，账目，报道；叙述；说明　v．解释
accountant n．会计
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The heavy rain may have accounted ________ the landslide last night.
②The doctor will take your weight ________ account and then give some suggestions.
for
into
③________ account of his knowledge of the mountainous country, John Smith was appointed as our guide.
④She gave the police a full account ________ the incident.
⑤Exports play an important role in their company, ________ (account) for 70% of their trade.
On
of
accounting
识记下列重要知识点,
①fundamental adj.基础的；根本的；十分重大的
②scholar学者；scholarship奖学金；
win a scholarship获得奖学金
③Confucius孔子；Confucianism孔子学说；
the Confucius Institute孔子学院
④be mixed with　　　　与……混合在一起
⑤as a whole 总的来说
⑥be an expert in 精通，熟于……
⑦interact with 与……相互作用
状语从句
语法新知·衔接课堂
一、语法现象感知
①You can only imagine how travellers felt when they saw the oasis of Dunhuang ahead of them.
②If you look up, you can see the paintings and other artworks that are testimony to how the Silk Road brought East and West together.
③The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky, with their scarves flying, as if they are about to fly down to meet us.
④...these hidden treasures give us a picture of Dunhuang when it was at the very centre of the Silk Road trade.
⑤In the Ming Dynasty, trade routes changed and Dunhuang was not as prosperous as it used to be.
⑥Gradually, it faded from memory, even though it was once such a great city.
二、语法规则理解
1．①④句是________状语从句。
2．②句是________状语从句。
3．③⑤句是________状语从句。
4．⑥句是________状语从句。
时间
条件
方式
让步
02.语法探究·核心突破
　状语从句(Adverbial Clause)是指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。状语从句可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词，定语、状语或整个句子。状语从句有时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较和让步状语从句共9种。
一、时间状语从句
时间状语从句用来说明主句谓语动词发生的时间。常用引导词：when，as，while，as soon as, before, after, since, till, until。
1．when/while/as
连词 含义及用法
when “当……时候”，可与延续性动词或短暂性动词连用；从句动作可以发生在主句动作之前、之后或与主句动作同时发生。
while “当……时候”，一般与延续性动词连用，从句动作与主句动作同时发生。
as “一边……一边……”，常与延续性动词连用，从句动作与主句动作同时或几乎同时发生。
When they heard the news, they were very excited.当他们听到这个消息时，非常激动。
While/When she was reading her parents' letter, she was very moved.她读父母的信时，非常感动。
As she grew older, she gained in confidence.
随着年龄的增长，她的信心增强了。
(微点拨)　(1)when还可作并列连词，意为“就在这个时候”。
I was doing my homework when someone knocked at the door.我正在做作业，这时突然有人敲门。,常用于以下句型：
①be about to do... when正要做……这时
②be doing... when正在做……这时
③had done... when刚做完……就
(2)while还可引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”。另外，while还可用作并列连词，表示“然而”。
While/Although/Though he is young， he has become a professor of this university.,虽然他很年轻，但他已成为这个大学的一名教授。
2.before/since
连词 含义及用法
before 表示“在……之前；还没来得及……就……”，常用于“It will be/was＋时间段＋before从句”结构。
since 表示“自从……以来”，常用于“It is/has been＋时间段＋since从句”结构。
People think it won't be long before Dunhuang becomes a global crossroads again.
人们相信过不了多久敦煌会再次成为全球的活动中心。
As is reported, it is over 100 years since Tsinghua University was founded.
据报道，清华大学已经建校100多年了。
3．not...until...表示“直到……才”，主句谓语动词必须是非延续性动词。
As far as I know, his mother won't go to bed until he returns home every evening.
据我所知，他母亲每晚直到他回家才会上床睡觉。
4．表示“一……就……”的连词：
(1)hardly/scarcely... when..., no sooner...than...
Hardly had we got into the village when it began to rain.
我们刚到这个村庄，天就下起雨来。
(2)directly, immediately, instantly
He made for the door directly he heard the knock.
他一听到敲门声，就朝门口走去。
(3)the moment/minute/instant
The moment he saw his mother, he burst into tears.他一看到他的母亲就大哭起来。
二、原因状语从句
常用引导词：because，since，as, now that, considering that(考虑到，鉴于)
连词 含义及用法
because 语气最强，表示必然的因果关系，用来回答why的提问。
since 语气稍弱，表示对方已经知晓的原因或事实，意为“既然；因为；由于”。
as 语气最弱，往往不是明显的原因，只是对结果的附带说明。
She's got the job because she has a good command of many languages.
她得到了这份工作因为她精通多种语言。
Since it is late，I shall go home now.
既然天晚了，我现在该回家了。
As he wasn't there, we left a message.
由于他不在，我们给他留下了一条信息。
三、让步状语从句
1．although，though，as和while引导的让步状语从句
(1)though引导的从句可用倒装语序，也可不倒装；although引导的从句不倒装；as引导的从句必须用倒装语序。
Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now.
虽然这些措施并不能永远有效，但它们目前是至关重要的。
Tired as/though he is, he offers to help me.
尽管他已经很累了，他还是主动提出帮助我。
(2) while引导让步状语从句，只能置于句首。
While I am willing to help，I do not have much time available.
尽管我愿意帮忙，但是没有多少时间。
2．even if与even though引导的让步状语从句
John is in good shape physically even though/even if he doesn't have enough time to take exercise.
约翰尽管没有足够的时间锻炼，但体形很好。
3．“疑问词＋ ever”引导的让步状语从句
“疑问词＋ ever”表示“无论……”，引导让步状语从句时，相当于“no matter＋疑问词”。
No matter how/However well you know Paris, it is easy to get lost.
不管你对巴黎多么熟悉，也很容易迷路。
四、其他状语从句
状语从句 连词
条件状语从句 if, unless(＝if...not) , so/as long as(只要), on condition that, in case (万一), suppose/ supposing, provided/providing
目的状语从句 so that, in order that, in case (以防)
结果状语从句 so that, so... that..., such... that...
地点状语从句 where, wherever
方式状语从句 as(正如，正像).as if/as though(好像)
比较状语从句 than, as... as..., not as/so...as...
As long as you can keep away from them, you're safe.只要你离他们远一点，你就会安全。
I'll give you all the facts so that you can judge for yourself.
我把所有事实都告诉你，以便你自己做出判断。
Our country's history is so long and glorious that we are all proud of it.
我们国家的历史如此悠久和辉煌，以至于我们都感到自豪。
They completely ignore these facts as if they never existed.
他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它们不存在似的。
03.课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Researchers are applying scientific methods to the study of the universality of art. For instance, evolutionary psychology is being used by numerous literary ________ (scholar) to explain the long lasting themes in fiction.
2．The project will be of great benefit to the region as ________ whole.
3．Give ________ account of what happened in not more than 80 words.
4．The powder ________ (mix) with cold water to form a paste.
5．Price is determined through the ________ (interact) of demand and supply.
scholars
a
an
is mixed
interaction
Ⅱ.用适当的状语从句的连词填空
1．Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion ________ he wants their support.
2．On our way to the house, it was raining ________ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there.
3．________ we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.
4．Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend so ________ they get sweet enough to be eaten.
unless
so
If
that
5．________ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
6．___________ scientists have learned a lot about the universe, there is much we still don't know.
7．If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people ________ you figure it out.
8．It will be three years ________ they meet again.
Unless
Although/Though
until
before
9．This photo of mine was taken ________ stood the famous Eiffel Tower.
10．I was driving down to London ________ I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.
where
when
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．既然你有机会，就该充分利用。
___________________________，you might as well make full use of it.
2．只要你不灰心，你就会成功。
_______________________， you will succeed.
3．无论他说什么，不要相信他。
Don't trust him, _________________________．
Now that/Since you've got a chance
As long as you don't lose heart
no matter what/whatever he says
4．如果你方便的话，明天晚上7点我会在音乐厅的门口与你会面。
____________________， I'll meet you at the entrance of the music hall at 7：00 tomorrow evening.
5．这是一项如此激动人心的活动，以至于我们都玩得非常愉快。
It was such _____________________ we all enjoyed ourselves very much.
If it is convenient for you
an exciting activity that
04.课时作业（十）
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Can the human heart be weaken easily in ________ (compare) with the other organs
2．Women are instinctively questioning their ________ (tradition) role in society, as wives and mothers.
comparison
解析：句意：与其他器官相比，人类的心脏很容易衰弱吗？根据句子结构，介词in后面跟名词形式。comparison n．比较，对比；比喻。
traditional
解析：句意：妇女正对她们在社会中所扮演的妻子和母亲的传统角色本能地提出疑问。traditional adj.传统的，惯例的，因袭的。在句子中作定语。
3．You'd better think things over more because efficiency leans on good ________ (organize).
4．I ________ (complete) forgot that it was Madame Wang's birthday yesterday.
organization
解析：句意：你最好把事情再仔细考虑一下，因为效率依赖于好的组织。organization n．组织，机构。
completely
解析：句意：我完全忘记了昨天是王太太的生日。completely adv.十分，完全地，在句中作状语，修饰动词forgot。
5．Some famous luxury ___________ (perform) are put on there all year round，indoors and outdoors.
6．The “magical apple”， which we wish not to be the last one ________ (fascinate) us, has inspired the imagination and affection of millions of people.
performances
解析：句意：那里全年都在室内外举行一些著名的奢侈品牌演出。performance n．演出，演奏，履行，成绩，成果。根据句意可知这里用复数形式。
to fascinate
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这个神奇的苹果激发了数百万人的想象力和钟爱，我们希望它不是最后一个使我们着迷的东西。当名词或代词前面有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，应使用不定式作定语。
Ⅱ.用所给短语的适当形式填空
lead to, think of, what's more, in addition to, become known for, dozens of
1．When most people ________ the arts，they imagine the pure product, the beautiful painting or a wonderful piece of music.
2．He still longed to __________________ his historical novels amongst other academic works.
think of
become known for
3．________，this activity provides us with an opportunity to make a better widespread understanding among students from around the world.
4．She went to the bookstore and bought ________ books with the fee she earned.
5．The research on the monarch's behavior has however ________ a widespread awareness of this creature.
6．______________ giving me some advice, he gave me some fees.
What's more
dozens of
led to
In addition to
Ⅲ.语法专练——单句语法填空
1．__________________ some people are motivated (激励) by a need for success, others are motivated by despair of failure.
2．________________ Freddy was away from us, we all learned participation from him.
While/Though/Although
解析：考查让步状语从句的用法。句意：尽管有些人受到成功的激励，但是另外一些人却受到失败的绝望的激励。根据句意可知，这两句话之间为转折对比关系，故填While/Though/Although。
Although/Though/While
解析：尽管Freddy离开了我们，然而我们都从他的身上学到了参与。根据句意知本句为让步状语从句，因此填Although/Though/While。
3．When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you'd better store the fish in the refrigerator ________ you don't anticipate to cook it immediately.
if
解析：句意：当你买了鱼回家的时候，如果你不希望立刻做的话，最好先储存到冰箱里。由此可以看出是条件关系。
4．A small car is big enough for a family of three ________ you need more space for baggage and luxury.
5．Don't blame the qualified worker. He just carried out the order as ________ (tell).
unless
解析：句意：小轿车对于一个三口之家已足够大了，除非你需要更多的空间放行李和奢侈品。unless表“除非”，相当于if not。
told
解析：句意：不要责怪那个合格的工人。他只是按照被告知的执行了命令。as told是as he was told的省略形式。
6．There are some seemingly insignificant matters that, when ________ (deal) within time, can become pessimistic bigger ones later on.
7．—Did Jack come back early last night
—Yes. It was not yet eight o'clock ________ he arrived home ultimately.
not dealt
解析：考查时间状语从句的省略用法。句意：有一些看似微不足道的问题，若没有及时处理，以后可能成为悲观的更大的问题。when not dealt within time省略了主语和系动词they are。
when
解析：考查状语从句的连词。句意：——杰克昨晚回来得早吗？——是的。当他最后回到家的时候，还不到八点钟。
8．Scientists say it may be two to five years ________ it is possibly widespread to test the medicine on human patients.
9．It is a long time ________ we were reunited with each other last year.
before
解析：考查状语从句的连词。句意：科学家们说，二至五年后对人类患者测试这种药物才有可能普及。考查句型It was/will be＋时间段＋before...(没过……就……/过了……才……)。
since　
解析：考查状语从句的连词。句意：自从去年我们重聚已经有很长的时间了。
阅读理解
A
Who we are
The United Nations is an international organization founded in 1945 and committed to maintaining international peace and security; developing friendly relations among nations; promoting social progress, better living standards and human rights.
The issues on our agenda are complicated and diverse, as are the careers we offer.
Management and Administration Network
Education: Business or Public Administration, Finance, Economics, Sociology, Social Work, Psychology, Commerce, Law, or related fields.
Posting title: Executive office of the Secretary-General
Duty station: New York
Posting period: 2 May 2021—30 June 2021
Political, Peace and Humanitarian Network
Education: Political Science, Law, International Relations, Public Administration, Business Administration, Economics, or related fields.
Posting title: Intern—political affairs
Duty station: Vienna
Posting period: 17 October 2020—30 June 2021
Legal Network
Education: Law, Business Administration, International Relations, Political Science, Public Administration, or related fields.
Posting title: Legal officer
Duty station: Montreal
Posting period: 14 December 2020—27 January 2021
Economic, Social and Development Network
Education: Economics, Statistics, Mathematics, Public Administration, Political Science, Business Administration, Law, Public Finance, or related fields.
Posting title: Intern—environment affairs
Duty station: Incheon
Posting period: 2 October 2020—30 December 2021
1．What department can you apply for as a student of psychology
A．Management and Administration Network.
B．Political, Peace and Humanitarian Network.
C．Legal Network.
D．Economic, Social and Development Network.
答案：A　
解析：细节理解题。根据Management and Administration Network 部分的“Education: Business or Public Administration，Finance, Economics, Sociology, Social Work, Psychology, Commerce, Law, or related fields.”可知，作为心理学专业的学生，可以申请管理与行政网络部门。
2．Which position will you apply for if you want to work in Vienna
A．Executive office of the secretary-general.
B．Intern—political affairs.
C．Legal officer.
D．Intern—environment affairs.
答案：B　
解析：细节理解题。根据Political，Peace and Humanitarian Network部分的“Posting title: Intern—political affairs”和“Duty station: Vienna”可知，你如果想要在维也纳工作，可以申请“Intern—political affairs”这个职位。
3．Which position has the longest application period
A．Executive office of the Secretary-General.
B．Intern—political affairs.
C．Legal officer.
D．Intern—environment affairs.
答案：D　
解析：细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，Executive office of the Secretary-General这个职位的申请时间为“2 May 2021—30 June 2021”；Intern—political affairs这个职位的申请时间为“17 October 2020—30 June 2021”；Legal officer这个职位的申请时间为“14 December 2020—27 January 2021”；Intern—environment affairs这个职位的申请时间是“2 October 2020—30 December 2021”。由此可知，Intern-environment affairs这个职位申请时间最长。
B
The first day of school our professor challenged us to get to know someone we didn't already know. I turned round to find a wrinkled, little old lady looking at me with a smile that lit up her entire being.
She said, “Hi, handsome. My name is Rose. I'm eighty-seven years old. Can I give you a hug？”
I laughed and enthusiastically responded, “Of course you may！” and she gave me a giant squeeze.
We became instant friends. Every day for the next three months, we would leave class together and talk nonstop.
Over the course of the year, Rose became a campus icon and she easily made friends wherever she went.
At the end of the semester we invited Rose to speak at our football banquet. After being introduced, she cleared her throat and began. We do not stop playing because we are old，we grow old because we stop playing. There are only four secrets to staying young，being happy and achieving success. You have to laugh and find humor every day. You've got to have a dream. When you lose your dreams, you will die. We have so many people walking around who are dead and don't even know it! There is a huge difference between growing older and growing up.
If you are nineteen years old and lie in bed for one full year and don't do one productive thing, you will turn twenty years old. If I am eighty-seven years old and stay in bed for a year and never do anything, I will turn eighty-eight.
The elderly usually don't have regrets for what we did, but rather for things we did not do. The_only_people_who_fear_death_are_those_with_regrets.
She concluded her speech by courageously singing The Rose. She challenged each of us to study the lyrics and live them out in our daily lives. Rose taught us by example that it is never too late to realize our dreams.
4．Which words can be used to describe Rose
A．Ambitious and strict. B．Positive and optimistic.
C．Regretful and courageous. D．Confident and kind-hearted.
答案：B　
解析：推理判断题。根据第六段中Rose的讲话“我们不会因为年老而停止玩耍，我们会因为停止玩耍而变老。保持年轻、快乐和获得成功只有四个秘诀。你每天都要笑，每天都要找到幽默。你必须有一个梦想。当你失去你的梦想，你会‘死’。我们周围有那么多人‘死’了却不知道！变老和长大之间有很大的区别”可推知Rose是一个积极乐观的人。
5．Why was Rose invited to speak at the football banquet
A．Because she was a big football fan.
B．Because she was a well-educated professor.
C．Because she was an outstanding student.
D．Because she was an inspiring figure.
答案：D　
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“她勇敢地唱着《玫瑰》结束了演讲。她向我们每个人提出挑战，让我们学习歌词，并在日常生活中实践它们。Rose以身作则告诉我们，实现梦想永远不会太迟”可推知Rose被邀请在足球宴会上发言，是因为她是一个鼓舞人心的人。
6．What does the underlined sentence imply in the passage
A．If you regret nothing, you won't fear death.
B．If you fear death, you will regret something.
C．People regret something when they face death.
D．People die with regrets because of what they have done.
答案：A　
解析：句义猜测题。根据画线句上文“老年人通常不会对自己所做的事感到遗憾，而是对自己没有做的事感到遗憾”可推知画线句子表达的是“如果你没有遗憾的事，你就不会害怕死亡”。
7．What is the text mainly about
A．My best friend. B．Dream in heart.
C．Secrets to success. D．Accepting challenges.
答案：B　
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第六段第六、七句“你必须有一个梦想。当你失去你的梦想，你会死”以及最后一段第二、三句“她向我们每个人提出挑战，让我们学习歌词，并在日常生活中实践它们。Rose以身作则告诉我们，实现梦想永远不会太迟”可知，文章主要内容为Rose以身作则告诉我们，内心有梦想的重要性。(共50张PPT)
Section Ⅳ　Writing——写有关旅游的电子邮件
01. Part Ⅰ　文体感知
02. Part Ⅱ　Recommending cultural highlights
03.课时作业（十二）
内容
索引
01. Part Ⅰ　文体感知
Ⅰ.框架建构：整体理解
Skim and match the main idea of each paragraph.
Para.1　A. Recommend visiting New York.
Para.2　B. A future plan to visit China.
Para.3　C. Something appealing in Broadway district.
A
C
B
Ⅱ.文本剖析：特色表达
Write down useful sentences to express suggestions when recommending cultural highlights.
1．But knowing you as I do, _______________________________．
2．With your love of singing and interest in amateur dramatics, ________________________．
3．Can you __________________________________________？
I'd suggest walking through Midtown Manhattan
I'd recommend a musical
recommend a place of cultural highlights
Ⅲ.知识点
①enormous adj.　　　巨大的，庞大的
an enormous amount of time/money 大量的时间/金钱
②amateur n. 业余爱好者adj. 业余的
③tourist attractions 景点
④come alive 恢复生机，活跃起来
⑤a combination of ……的结合
02. Part Ⅱ　Recommending cultural highlights
1．文体介绍
近年来英语写作以应用文为主，其中介绍某地的书面表达要求学生就某个地点(通常为知名景点)，提供必要的信息或建议。话题一般为由中国的中学生或中国导游向外国朋友或游客介绍某景点，内容结构大多为：回复信件或导游词＋景点介绍。
2．常用表达
(1)介绍景点的常用表达
?...lies in/is located in... with an area of... square kilometres.
……坐落在……，面积为……平方千米。
?It is a large city, having/with a population/history of...它是一座大城市，有……人口/历史。
?...has a great mix of fun and learning for every one.……让每个人都能玩得开心并学有所得。
?
Here you can enjoy...在这里你可以欣赏到……
?It is famous for.../as..., attracting many visitors from all over the world.……因/作为……闻名于世，吸引了许多来自世界各地的游客。
?It is rich in natural resources, including..., which enjoys a high reputation both at home and abroad.它自然资源丰富，有……，享誉国内外。
?If you want to have fun and more than fun, please come to...如果你想尽情娱乐，而且有更多的收获，就来……吧。
?It is convenient to get here by air and rail.乘飞机和坐火车到这里都很方便。
?I believe you will enjoy your visit today.我相信你们今天会玩得愉快。
(2)介绍旅游景点地理位置的常用句型
①表示“位置”的句型
?... is/lies＋地点状语 ……位于……
?...be located/situated＋地点状语
……坐落于……
②表示“海拔”的句型
?...lies/is＋数词＋metres above sea level.
……海拔……米。
(3)介绍旅游景点风景名胜的常用句型
①列举“风景名胜”
?There are many places of interest, such as...
有许多名胜，比如……
?...has many places of interest, among which is/are... ……有许多名胜，其中就有……
②表述地区特色
?…be famous/well known for...……因……而闻名。
?...be famous/well known as...……作为……而闻名。
?...be covered with...……为……所覆盖。
?...be made up of/consists of...……由……组成。
(4)介绍旅游景点历史背景的常用句型
?...has a long history of... years.……有……年的历史。
?...is a．.. place/country with... history.……是具有……年历史的地方/国家。
?...dates back to/dates from...……可以追溯到……
典题演练
假如你是李华，暑假期间你和父母一起外出旅游玩得很开心，你想将你的旅游经历用邮件的形式与你的英国笔友Tom分享。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
　谋篇布局
遣词造句
完成句子
1．我爸妈和我去了西藏首府拉萨旅行。
My parents and I ____________________ the capital city of Tibet, Lhasa.
2．拉萨也是这个地区的政治、经济和文化中心。
Lhasa ____________ political, economic and cultural ________________．
went on a trip to
is also the
center of the region
3．我们都对那儿的自然景观感到震惊。
_____________________________________________________
4．那儿的自然景观让我们感到平静祥和。
____________________________________________________
5．我们首先参观了布达拉宫，它最初建于七世纪。
___________________________________________________________
We were all surprised by the natural scenery there.
The natural scenery there made us feel peaceful and quiet.
We first visited the Potala Palace which was originally built in the 7th century.
句式升级
6．用定语从句合并1、2句。
___________________________________________________
7．用定语从句合并3、4句。
____________________________________________________
8．用非谓语动词改写句5。
___________________________________________________
My parents and I went on a trip to the capital city of Tibet, Lhasa, which is also the political, economic and cultural center of the region.
We were all surprised by the natural scenery there, which made us feel peaceful and quiet.
We first visited the Potala Palace originally built in the 7th century.
完美成篇
Dear Tom，
I'd like to share my travel experience with you. During this summer holiday，my parents and I went on a trip to the capital city of Tibet, Lhasa, which is also the political, economic and cultural center of the region.
We first visited the Potala Palace originally built in the 7th century. And then, we appreciated a rich collection of cultural treasures in Tibet Museum where we learned some useful historical knowledge about Tibet. During those days, we were all surprised by the natural scenery there, which made us feel peaceful and quiet. I strongly suggest that you travel to Tibet with me next time and I'm sure you will have a wonderful time.
I'm looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
03.课时作业（十二）
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Her future could be more ________ (辉煌的) even than her past.
2．The ________ (雕像) is just across from the school.
3．He had been questing for ________ (宗教的) belief from an early age.
4．Traffic reaches its ________ (高峰) between 8 and 9 in the morning.
5．Her position in the party has ________ (加强) in recent weeks.
6．He is a serious ________ (学者), a genuinely learned man.
glorious
statue
religious
peak
strengthened
scholar
7．The school has received financial support from the education ________ (部门).
8．Mr Lin is associate director of the ________ (研究院).
9．He is modest and dislikes being called a ________ (天才).
10．We're willing to admit that it has ________ (巨大的) value.
department
institute
genius
enormous
Ⅱ.短语填空
look up, be unique to, in detail, date from, thanks to, bring... to life, prior to, be exposed to, in addition to, keep a close eye on
1．If you ____________， you will see glorious murals.
2．____________ my weekly wage, I got a lot of tips.
3. The following section describes these tasks ____________．
4．The experienced teacher ____________ the whole class ____________．
look up
In addition to
in detail
brought　
to life
5．This interesting and charming creature ____________ Africa.
6．People should _________________ the protection of scrolls.
7．____________ this experiment, you should make good preparations.
8．You should make sure the medicine mustn't ____________ water.
9．The cultural relic discovered lately ____________ the Ming Dynasty.
10．____________ your help, we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.
is unique to
keep a close eye on
Prior to
be exposed to
dates from
Thanks to
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．这位女士对待那个可怜的女孩，好像她是自己的女儿一样。
The women treats the poor girl ____________ her own daughter.
2．这些壁画如此辉煌，它们吸引了国内外大量的游客。
The murals are _____________ they attract a lot of visitors home and abroad.
3．即使明天下雨，我们也要继续工作。
____________ it should rain tomorrow, we will continue our work.
as if she were
so glorious that
Even if/though
4．考虑到敦煌以前是进出古代中国的门户，它一定在中国历史上起过重要的作用。
________ Dunhuang was once the gateway to and from Ancient China, it must have played an important role in Chinese history.
5．既然决定了，就分头去办。
________ a decision has been made, let each one do his job.
6．我迟到的原因是我的车在半路上抛锚了。
______________ I was late was that my car broke down on the way.
Given that
Now that
The reason why
Ⅰ.完形填空
When I entered Berkeley, I hoped to earn a scholarship.Having been a Straight A student, I believed I could __1__tough subjects and really learn something. One such course was World Literature given by Professor Jayne. I was extremely interested in the idea he __2__ in class.
When I took the first exam of my best subject English，I was __3__ to find a 77，C plus，on my test paper. I went to Professor Jayne, who listened to my arguments but remained __4__. I decided to try harder, but got another 77 again. I __5__ with Professor Jayne. Again, he listened patiently but wouldn't change his __6__.
So I redoubled my effort and, for the first time __7__ the meaning of the word “thorough”. But my effort did no good and everything __8__ as before.
The last hurdle (障碍) was the final. No matter what __9__ I got, it wouldn't cancel three C pluses. I might as well kiss the __10__ goodbye.
I felt I knew the course material as well as I ever would.The night before the final, I even __11__ myself to a movie.The next day, I decided for once I'd have __12__ with a test.A week later, I was surprised to find I got an A．I hurried into Professor Jayne's office.He __13__ to be expecting me, “If I gave you the A as you __14__， you wouldn't continue to work hard.”
I stared at him __15__ that his analysis and strategy (策略) were correct.,　
1．A.take B．discuss C．cover D．get
2．A.sought B．presented C．exchanged D．obtained
3．A.shocked B．worried C．scared D．anxious
4．A.unchanged B．unpleasant C．unfriendly D．unmoved
5．A.quarreled B．reasoned C．bargained D．chatted
6．A.attitude B．mind C．plan D．view
7．A.memorized B．considered C．accepted D．learned
8．A.stayed B．went C．worked D．changed
9．A.grade B．answer C．lesson D．comment
10．A.scholarship B．course C．degree D．subject
11．A.helped B．favored C．treated D．relaxed
12．A.fun B．luck C．problems D．tricks
13．A.happened B．proved C．pretended D．seemed
14．A.valued B．imagined C．expected D．welcomed
15．A.remembering B．guessing C．supposing D．realizing
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者叙述了自己在杰恩教授所教科目下，努力争取A级的故事。
1．答案：A　解析：作为一个优等生，作者相信可以选修(take)一些困难的科目，并真正学到一些东西。由下文的subjects可推断，此处表示选修一些课程，用take。discuss讨论；cover覆盖，涉及；get得到。
2．答案：B　解析：作者对他在课堂上提出(present)的一些观点非常感兴趣。根据the ideas和in class可推断，此处指的是作者对于教授在课堂上所提出的观点非常感兴趣，因此作者选修了这门课程。seek寻求；exchange交换；obtain获得。
3．答案：A　解析：当作者参加第一次考试时，震惊(shocked)地发现自己的试卷上只有77分，一个C＋。第一段讲作者对自己信心满满，第二段作者意外地发现竟然只得了77分，所以用shocked。worried担心的；scared害怕的；anxious焦急的。
4．答案：D　解析：作者去找杰恩教授，他听了作者的辩解，但不为所动(unmoved)。根据but remained可知，教授没有改变给作者的分数。unchanged不改变的；unpleasant不开心的；unfriendly不友好的。
5．答案：B　解析：作者再次遭遇77分，于是再次去找教授理论(reason), reason with sb.与某人讲道理，说服某人。quarrel争吵；bargain讨价还价；chat闲谈。
6．答案：B　解析：他又一次耐心地听着，但就是不改变主意(mind)。attitude迷惑性最大，注意这里探讨的还是分数能不能更改的问题，而change one's mind是英语中一个比较常见的搭配，意为“改变某人的想法或决定”，相对于态度，改分数的事更多是关于改变决定的。attitude态度；plan计划；view观点。
7．答案：D　解析：于是作者加倍努力，第一次懂得了(learn)“彻底”这个词的含义。memorize记忆；consider考虑；accept接受。
8．答案：B　解析：但作者的努力没有奏效，一切都像以前一样。根据my effort did no good可知，虽然作者非常努力，但他的成绩依然不好，跟以前一样。B项意为“(事情)进展，进行”符合语境。stay停留，保持；work工作；change改变。
9．答案：A　解析：不管作者得多少分(grade)，都不能取消三个C＋。根据后文three C pluses可知，此处指的是分数。answer答案；lesson课程；comment评论。
10．答案：A　解析：作者还是跟奖学金(scholarship)说再见吧。根据文章第一段中to earn a scholarship可知，这里是作者以为自己拿不到奖学金了。course课程；degree学位；subject科目。
11．答案：C　解析：在期末考试的前一天晚上，作者甚至请(treat)自己看了电影。help帮助；favor赞同；relax放松。treat sb. to...是固定搭配，意为“请某人(吃饭、娱乐等)”。
12．答案：A　解析：根据前文考前请自己看电影可知，这里指作者是很放松的，甚至考试的时候，决定把考试当作一种乐趣(fun)。luck运气；problem问题；trick阴谋，花招。
13．答案：D　解析：他好像(seem)在等作者。根据语境可知，一周后，作者惊喜地发现自己居然得了A，于是跑去找教授，发现教授好像早料到作者会来，所以在等他。happen发生；prove证明；pretend假装。
14．答案：C　解析：根据下文you wouldn't continue to work hard并结合上文内容可知，如果教授原来给了作者所期望的(expected)成绩A，那么作者就不会这么努力学习了。value珍惜；imagine想象；welcome欢迎。
15．答案：D　解析：作者专注地看着教授，意识到(realize)他的分析和策略是正确的。下文his analysis and strategy were correct是作者意识到的东西。remember记住；guess猜测；suppose猜想。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
According to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China's digital economy has increased by 15.9 per cent annually since 2012, reaching 45.5 trillion yuan ($6.32 trillion) last year. Facing the growing digital economy and new vacancies developed in the sector such as deliverymen and livestreaming anchors (主播), young people, especially those born after 2000, are expressing a stronger willingness for flexible work relations with companies, and also wish to become “digital workers” with flexible work locations and schedules.
“The Internet helps me a lot. I check emails from my clients and submit my proposals through WeChat, and then we discuss plans via teleconference. I love working from home actually，” said Mi Lu, a 28-year-old new media operator in Beijing. “We work everywhere, perhaps in a cafe, or on a bullet train or even on the table of a restaurant.”
To cater to young people's work preference, more companies have begun to include “flexible working mode” in their recruitment advertisements. Zhaopin, a website, said vacancies with flexible work available make up 15 to 20 per cent of total vacancies on its platform, especially for industries in the growing big economy such as transportation and logistics (物流). According to Zhaopin, the proportion of flexible vacancies in these industries has increased to 25 per cent this year, up from 10 per cent in 2018.
However, the flexibility may bring risks to workers' right protection, according to Zhaopin. It said that though roughly 60 per cent of companies posting vacancies on its platform offer insurance, the proportion is decreasing.
Li Qiang, vice-president of Zhaopin, said that the greatest risk to those seeking flexible work is whether the company pays the salary fully and on time. “It's necessary for job seekers to set up a long-term development plan, rather than be short-sighted.” He added that companies may bear risks that flexible employees can't deliver high-quality work in a limited time period, which requires the companies to establish a sound work delivery standard to help evaluate employee performance.
1．What factor contributes to flexible work
A．The booming digital economy.
B．The desire for more free time.
C．The disappearance of some positions.
D．The improvement of working conditions.
答案：A　
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“According to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China's digital economy has increased by 15.9 per cent annually since 2012, reaching 45.5 trillion yuan ($6.32 trillion) last year... are expressing a stronger willingness for flexible work relations with companies, and also wish to become ‘digital workers’ with flexible work locations and schedules.”可知，蓬勃发展的数字经济有助于弹性工作。故选A项。
2．How do companies react to young people's work preference
A．They ignore the youth's requests.
B．They follow the old working mode.
C．They provide positions accordingly.
D．They reduce working opportunities.
答案：C　
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“To cater to young people's work preference, more companies have begun to include ‘flexible working mode’ in their recruitment advertisements...According to Zhaopin, the proportion of flexible vacancies in these industries has increased to 25 per cent this year, up from 10 per cent in 2018.”可知，公司相应地提供职位来应对年轻人的工作偏好。故选C项。
3．What suggestion did Li Qiang give
A．The companies pay higher salaries.
B．The job seekers make a detailed plan.
C．The companies make reasonable rules.
D．The job seekers apply for positions on time.
答案：C　
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中“He added that companies may bear risks that flexible employees can't deliver high quality work in a limited time period, which requires the companies to establish a sound work delivery standard to help evaluate employee performance.”可知，李强给出的建议是公司应该制订合理的规则。故选C项。
4．What is the best title for the text
A．A New Internet-related Working Model
B．Job Seekers More Keen on Flexible Work
C．The Rapidly Developing Digital Economy
D．Companies Well Prepared for New Risks
答案：B　
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“Facing the growing digital economy and new vacancies developed in the sector such as deliverymen and livestreaming anchors (主播), young people, especially those born after 2000, are expressing a stronger willingness for flexible work relations with companies, and also wish to become ‘digital workers’ with flexible work locations and schedules.”和第三段中“To cater to young people's work preference, more companies have begun to include ‘flexible working mode’ in their recruitment advertisements.”可知，文章主要讲的是随着数字经济的蓬勃发展，越来越多的年轻求职者更喜欢弹性工作。故文章最好的标题是“求职者更喜欢弹性工作”。故选B项。(共108张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
01.课前预习·自主学习
02.要点精研·探究学习
03.课时达标·随堂自测
04.课时作业（十一）
内容
索引
01.课前预习·自主学习
词汇预习·夯实基础
Ⅰ.认知词汇知其意
1．department n. ____________
2．institute n. ____________
3．Sinologist n. ____________
4．temple n. ____________
5．tune n. ____________
6．shepherd n. ____________
7．prior adj. ____________
8．genius n. ____________
(大学的)系，部
学院；研究院
汉学家
庙宇，寺院
曲调，旋律
牧羊人
先前的；较早的
天才，天赋
Ⅱ.拓展词汇知变形
1．________ n．学者→scholarship n．奖学金；学问
2．history n．历史→________ n．历史学家→historic adj.历史上著名的→ historical adj.有关历史的，历史学的
3．________ adj.巨大的，庞大的→enormously adv.非常；极其
scholar
historian
enormous
Ⅲ.短语互译
1．________________ 除……以外
2．________________ 密切关注
3．________________ 倾向于
4．________________ 为……所熟悉
5．________________ on the whole
6．________________ to sum up
7．________________ in short
8．________________ fall in love with
in addition (to)
keep a close eye on
tend to
be familiar to
整体上
总之，总而言之
总之，概括地说
爱上
预习验收·衔接课堂
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He was the most distinguished ________ (学者) in his field.
2．We trust that he and his ________ (部门) are considering our suggestion.
3．The ________ (研究院) is attached to that university.
4．There is an old ________ (寺庙) at the top of the mountain.
5．I don't know the title but I recognise the ________ (曲调)
6．We all admire him because he's a ________ (天才) at organising people.
scholar
department
institute
temple
tune
genius
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．He is a ________ (history), but also has an interest in archaeology.
2．Flights can be booked up three or more days prior ________ departure.
3．This medicine is not to be ________ (expose) to daylight.
4．It means that technology can have a profound effect ________ the world.
5．You need money and time; in ________ (add), you need diligence.
6．I tend ________ (have) a different answer, depending on the family.
historian
to
exposed
on
addition　
to have
Ⅲ.短语填空
lead to, due to, to sum up, fall in love with, work on, do research into, be familiar to, have a lot in common
1．His lack of experience had ________________ his failure.
2．The train had stopped ________________ a mechanical problem.
3．Linda spends all her time ________________ the garden.
4．I ________________ with the character in real life.
5．He is ________________ the popular literature of China.
led to
due to
working on
have a lot in common
doing research into
6．Slowly but surely she started to ________________ literature.
7．________________， we should take effective measures to protect the environment.
8．The following names in the list ________________ me.
fall in love with
To sum up
are familiar to
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．爬到这座山的顶峰是他的下一个目标。
______________________________________is his next goal.
2．我和汤姆第一次见面就成为朋友。
I became friends with Tom ________________．
3．你既然表示了决心，就应该见之于行动。
________________you have expressed your determination, you should act.
4．我现在最需要的是好好休息。________________ is to have a good rest.
Climbing to the peak of this mountain
the first time we met
Now that
What I need most now
阅读研析·合作学习
Ⅰ.框架建构：整体理解
Petko: 　I watched The Shaolin Temple as a boy. I select 1.________ Chinese literature to translate. I think Thirty six Stratagems is popular in my country.
Annelous: I read books about Chinese history and culture in high school. I select works to translate based on the opinions of 2.________ Sinologists and the 3.________ of books. More works by Chinese writers are popular in my country.
classical
respected
sales
Joachim: I read Shi Ji at 15. I select works to translate according to my own 4.________. The novels of Mo Yan and Yu Hua are popular in my country.
Mai: I fell in love with Chinese literature as a 5.________. I select works to translate according to the work itself. “Fond Memories of Autumn” by Shi Tiesheng and “Street Scene” by Zhou Guoping are popular in my country.
interest
translator
Ⅱ.文本剖析：细节探究
Choose the best answer.
1．How did Petko get interested in Chinese literature
A．By watching the movie—The Shaolin Temple.
B．By reading books about Chinese history and culture.
C．By being exposed to Homer's epic poems.
D．By working as a translator.
A
2．How did Joachim select works to translate
A．He is largely influenced by respected Sinologists.
B．He chooses classical literature.
C．He just goes with what he likes and what he is interested in.
D．He cares if a writer is popular or not.
C
3．Which of the following statements is NOT true
A.Thirty-six Stratagems is a best-seller in Bulgaria.
B.Petko has translated Dream of the Red Chamber into Bulgarian.
C.Joachim translated several short stories by Mo Yan.
D．Mai was a French translator.
D
4．The passage is written to ________．
A．see what works are read outside of China and how they are received
B．arouse readers' interest in Chinese literature
C．introduce foreign translators
D．share translations of Chinese literature
A
Ⅲ.重点句式补全
1．阅读中国文学是振奋人心的、令人鼓舞的经历。
______________________ was a stimulating and inspiring experience.
2．第一次读《红楼梦》我就爱上了它。
I fell in love with Dream of the Red Chamber ________________ I read it.
3．既然我的梦想实现了，那么我的下一个目标是翻译《三国演义》。
________ this dream has come true, my next goal is ________ The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.
Reading Chinese literature
the first time
Now that
to translate
4．我只翻译我喜欢的和感兴趣的东西。
I just go with ________________ and what I am interested in.
5．我最感兴趣的是作品本身。
________________ most is the work itself.
what I like
What interests me
原文研读·立体透析
[词汇积累]
①be familiar to为……所熟悉
②temple /'temp( )l/ n．庙宇，寺院
③fall in love with爱上某人
④tune /tju n/ n.曲调，旋律
⑤shepherd /' ep d/ n．牧羊人
⑥academic adj.学术的；学院的
⑦historian /h 'st ri n/ n．历史学家
⑧prior to在……之前，先于……
⑨be exposed to 暴露，接触
⑩encounter vt.遭遇；遇到
genius /'d i ni s/ n．天才，天赋
have a profound effect on 对……有深远的影响
passion n．激情；强烈的情感
stimulating adj.激励人的；振奋人心的
inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的
chamber /'t e mb / n．房间
be determined to决定
translate... into...把……翻译成……
romance /r 'm ns/ n．传奇故事
kingdom /'k d m/ n．王国
in addition 除……以外
tend to倾向于
do research into 做……的研究
keep a close eye on密切关注
[教材原文]
READING CHINA
The world of Chinese literature is one that is familiar to① us all. But have you ever stopped to wonder what_works_are_read_outside_of_China_and_how_they_are_received[1] Today, four Sinologists and translators share their experience of Chinese literature with us. They are：
Petko, aged 43 from Bulgaria
Annelous, aged 34 from the Netherlands
Joachim, aged 25 from France
Mai, aged 28 from Egypt
[1]wonder是动词，其后是and连接的两个宾语从句。
Q1：_________________________________________________
Petko: It all started with a movie I watched when I was a boy — The Shaolin Temple②. That movie gave me so many reasons to fall in love with③ China. I was amazed by Chinese kung fu, of course — everyone loves kung fu, don't they I also thought the Chinese language sounded so beautiful, and I found that I liked Chinese music, too — I just loved the movie's theme tune④， Song of the Shepherd⑤.
Annelous: I became interested in languages at a young age. When I started high school, I began reading books about Chinese history and culture, and this inspired me to choose Chinese Studies as my academic⑥ major at university.
Joachim: When I was 15 years old, my mother bought me a copy of the classic Shi Ji, or Records of the Grand Historian⑦. Prior to⑧ that, the only great historical works I_had_been_exposed_to⑨ [2] were Homer's epic poems. Records of the Grand Historian was my first encounter⑩ with Chinese classical literature. After reading it, I realised the true genius of China's “Grand Historian”， Sima Qian. His writing had a profound effect on me, and I have this to thank for my passion for Chinese literature.
[2]I had been exposed to为定语从句，先行词是works，关系代词在从句中作宾语，可省略。
Mai: I gradually feel in love with Chinese literature when I started working as a translator. Most of the translated works of literature in Egypt are from the English-speaking world, so reading_Chinese_literature_was_a_stimulating _and_inspiring _experience [3].
[3]动名词短语reading Chinese literature作主语，谓语动词用单数形式was。
Q2: _______________________________________________
Petko: I particularly like classical Chinese literature, especially works from the Ming and Qing dynasties. I fell in love with Dream of the Red Chamber the_first_time_I_read_it [4], and was determined to translate it into Bulgarian. Now_that_this_dream_has_come_true,_my next goal is to_translate The_Romance _of_the_Three_Kingdoms [5].
[4]the first time引导的是时间状语从句。
[5]Now that意为“既然”，引导原因状语从句；to translate...是不定式短语作表语。
Annelous: In the Netherlands, the decision as_to_which_works_of_Chinese_literature_get_translated [6] is largely influenced by the opinions of respected Sinologists. In addition ， publishing houses tend to look to other countries to see which_Chinese_works_have_sold_well_there [7]. I've so far translated the writings of several young Chinese authors, and I'm looking forward to their new works.
[6]as to“关于，至于”，其后是定语从句，修饰先行词decision。
[7]see是动词，其后是which引导的宾语从句。
Joachim: I just go with what_I_like_and_what_I_am_interested_in [8]. I've translated some poems by Dai Wangshu. Right now, I'm doing research into popular literature in Shanghai at the start of the 20th century.
[8]with是介词，其后是两个宾语从句，what在从句中作宾语。
Mai: I don't care if_a_writer_is_popular_or_not [9]. What_interests_me_most_is_the_work_itself [10]. I've translated some works by authors such as Xi Murong and Bi Shumin. I also keep a close eye on what's_being_self-published_online_by_new,_young_authors_—_they_have_some_good_ideas [11].
[9]care是动词，其后是宾语从句，if意为“是否”。
[10]What引导的是主语从句。
[11]on是介词，其后是宾语从句，what在从句中作主语。
[课文译文]
阅读中国
我们所有的人都熟悉中国文学。但是你有没有停下来思考过国外读什么(中国的)作品，它们受到的评价如何？今天，四位汉学家和翻译家跟我们分享他们对中国文学的体会。他们是：
佩特科，43岁，保加利亚人
安内罗斯，34岁，荷兰人
纳阿希姆，25岁，法国人
麦，28岁，埃及人
问题1：__________________________________________________
佩特科：一切都始于我小时候看的一部电影——《少林寺》。那部电影给了我太多理由使我爱上中国。我对中国功夫感到非常惊讶。当然每个人都喜欢功夫，不是吗？我还觉得中文听起来很美，我发现我也喜欢中国音乐。我非常喜欢这部电影的主题曲——《牧羊曲》。
安内罗斯：我从小就对语言感兴趣。当我开始上高中的时候，我就开始阅读有关中国历史和文化的书籍。这启发我在上大学时选择中国学研究作为我的学术专业。
约阿希姆：当我15岁时，我母亲给我买了一本《史记》。在此之前，我接触过的唯一伟大的历史作品是荷马史诗。《史记》是我与中国古典文学的第一次接触。读过之后，我意识到中国“伟大的历史学家”司马迁的真正天赋。他的作品对我产生了深远的影响，而且这要归功于我对中国文学的热爱。
麦：当我开始做翻译时，我逐渐爱上了中国文学。在埃及，大部分翻译的文学著作来自说英语的国家，因此阅读中国文学是振奋人心的、令人鼓舞的经历。
问题2：___________________________________________
佩特科：我特别喜欢中国古典文学，尤其是明清时期的作品。我第一次读到《红楼梦》就爱上了它，并下定决心把它译成保加利亚语。既然这个梦想已经实现，那么我的下一个目标是翻译《三国演义》。
安内罗斯：在荷兰，翻译哪一部中国文学作品很大程度上受著名汉学家的意见影响。此外，出版社往往会看看其他国家哪些中国作品在当地畅销。到目前为止，我已经翻译了几位中国年轻作家的作品，我很期待他们的新作品。
约阿希姆：我只翻译我喜欢和感兴趣的东西。我翻译了戴望舒的几首诗。现在，我正在研究20世纪初上海的大众文学。
麦：我不在乎一个作家是否受欢迎。我最感兴趣的是作品本身。我翻译过席慕蓉、毕淑敏等作家的一些作品。我也密切关注那些新的年轻作家在网上发表的东西——他们有一些好的想法。
stratagem /'st t d m/ n.计谋，策略
on the whole整体上
significance n.重要性；意义
literary adj文学的
think highly of高度评价
have a lot in common有很多共同点
Q3: _______________________________________________
Petko: Thirty-six Stratagems has sold more than 1，000 copies in Bulgaria. When you consider that here the best a writer can usually hope for is to sell a few hundred copies of their work, Thirty-six Stratagems is a best-seller in Bulgaria!
Annelous: Each_year_sees_more_works_by_Chinese_writers_published_in_the_Netherlands [12], and they are well-received. The people that buy and read these books do so because they want to learn more about Chinese culture and everyday life in China. On the whole ， I do have to admit that here, people's knowledge of Chinese literature is rather limited.
[12]see, find, witness等词可用物作主语，以拟人手法增添语言色彩。see可译为“(在某段时期)发生(某情况)，经历，经受”。
Joachim: Many works by modern writers such as Lu Xun and Shen Congwen have been translated into French. And the novels of some contemporary writers also sell quite well in France. Literature has a lot of significance to the French, and Chinese literary works tend to be highly thought of .
Mai: Egyptians like literature that_reflects_human_nature_and_experience [13]. A couple of good examples of this are “Fond Memories of Autumn” by Shi Tiesheng and “Street Scene” by Zhou Guoping. I think Egypt and China are closely connected and both have a lot in common . Because of this, Chinese literary works really strike a chord in the hearts of Egyptian readers.
[13]that引导的是定语从句，先行词是literature, that在从句中作主语。,问题3：____________________________________
佩特科：《三十六计》在保加利亚的销售已经超过1 000册。当你想到一位最好的作家通常希望他们的作品能卖出几百本时，《三十六计》的确是保加利亚卖得最好的畅销书！
安内罗斯：每年在荷兰出版的中国作家的作品越来越多，它们深受好评。人们之所以购买和阅读这些作品，是因为他们想更多地了解中国文化和中国人的日常生活。总的来说，我不得不承认，这里的人们对中国文学的了解是相当有限的。
约阿希姆：鲁迅、沈从文等现代作家的许多作品都被译成了法语。一些当代作家的小说在法国也很畅销。文学对法国人意义重大，中国文学作品往往受到高度评价。
麦：埃及人喜欢反映人性和经历的文学作品。史铁生的《秋天的怀念》和周国平的《街头的自语》就是一些很好的例子。我认为埃及和中国有着密切的联系，两者有很多共同点。正因为如此，中国的文学作品才真正打动了埃及读者的心。
02.要点精研·探究学习
1)tune n．曲调，旋律　v．(为乐器)调音；调节)
(教材原句)．..I just loved the movie's theme tune, Song of the Shepherd.……我特别喜欢电影的主题曲《牧羊曲》。
She sang perfectly in tune.她唱得十分合调。
The piano is out of tune.钢琴音走调了。
tune a guitar给吉他调弦
Be sure to tune in to the next week's show.
一定要收看下周的节目。
in/out of tune 合调/走调
be in/out of tune with 与……协调(一致)/不协调(不一致)
tune in (to sth.) 收听(广播)；收看(电视)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The band played ________ familiar tune that had everyone clapping along.
②Her theories were out of tune ________ the scientific thinking of the time.
③Get into the habit of ________ (tune) your guitar every day before you practise.
a
with
tuning
完成句子
④These proposals _____________ (与……一致) our own thoughts on the subject.
are in tune with
2)prior adj.先前的；较早的；优先的　priority n．优先考虑的事)
(教材原句)Prior to that, the only great historical works I had been exposed to were Homer's epic poems.
在此之前，我唯一接触过的历史巨作是《荷马史诗》。
Prior to the meeting, we discussed the matter among ourselves.在会议之前，我们自己讨论了这个问题。
She gave up her job as she felt her family had a prior claim to her attention.
由于感到家里更需要她关心，所以她放弃了工作。
The government's priority is to build more power plants.
政府的当务之急是建造更多的发电厂。
prior to 在……之前，先于……
have a prior claim to 对……有优先权
[归纳拓展]
“adj.＋to”结构的短语汇总：
previous to...　在……以前
senior to... 比……年长的
junior to... 比……年轻的
inferior to... 比……差的
superior to... 比……好的
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①They had to refuse the dinner invitation because of ________ prior engagement.
②Janet left a good impression on me prior ________ the matter.
③Nowadays the ________ (prior) for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.
a
to
priority
3)keep an eye on照看，留神，留意)
(教材原句)I also keep a close eye on what's being self-published online by new, young authors...
我也密切关注那些年轻的新作家在网上发表的作品……
We don't keep an eye on our children all the time in real life.在现实生活中我们不会时刻留意孩子的一举一动。
The lady walked around the shops, keeping an eye out for bargains.这位女士在店铺间逛着，留意着便宜商品。
You can't just close your eyes to his violence.
你不能对他的暴行视而不见。
He tried to catch Annie's eye as he walked by her seat.
从安妮座位旁走过时，他设法吸引她的注意。
keep one's eyes on 注视，盯着看
keep an eye open/out (for) 密切注意，留神
have an eye for... 对……有鉴赏力
close/shut one's eyes to... 对……视而不见
catch one's eye 引起某人的注意
look sb. in the eye 直视某人
in one's eyes 在某人眼里，依某人看
[语境助记]　Nowadays, there's a growing need for lifeful, creative and dedicated people who are great organizers, good communicators and have an eye for details.
现在，对于充满活力、富有创造力、有奉献精神又善于组织、沟通且关注细节的人才的需求量不断增加。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Can you keep an eye ________ things for the next few days
②I went for a run there, ________ (keep) an eye on the children the whole time.
③You do have an eye ________ paintings.
④Police have asked residents to keep an eye out ________ anything suspicious.
on
keeping
for
for
4)expose v．显露；使暴露；揭露；使接触；使曝光　exposure n．暴露，揭发)
When I read these definitions, I am repeatedly exposed to the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas.
每当读这些释义时，我一遍又一遍地接触到基础单词并且学会了如何用它们去解释一些物体和观点。
Don't have your skin exposed to the strong sunlight.
不要让你的皮肤暴露在强烈阳光下。
The merchant was exposed as a liar.
这个商人说谎的真面目被揭穿了。
Exposure to nature has been thought to be necessary for brain development in children.
人们一直认为，接触大自然对儿童的大脑发育是必要的。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Previous studies have linked high ________ (expose) to environmental pollution to an increased risk of heart problems.
②Children ________ (expose) to difficult situations are better at handling those challenges.
③John Snow put forward a suggestion that people should not be exposed ________ polluted water.
④____________ (expose) to the sunlight for too long will do harm to your skin.
exposure
exposed
to
Being exposed
完成句子
⑤The more you ____________ (接触) the English-speaking environment, the better you will learn the language.
are exposed to
5)think highly of对……评价很高)
(教材原句)．..and Chinese literary works tend to be highly thought of.……中国文学作品往往受到高度评价。
The managers think highly of his plan.经理们对他的计划评价很高。
I didn't think much of her book.我觉得她的书不怎么样。
When I was younger, I thought nothing of riding my bike 50 miles in a day.
年轻时，我觉得一天骑50英里自行车算不了什么。
The Chinese sing high praise for the doctors and nurses fighting against the virus.
中国人高度赞扬抗击病毒的医生和护士。
think a lot of＝think much of＝think highly of 对……评价很高，欣赏……
think little/poorly of 认为……不好
think nothing of 不把……当回事；认为……不算什么
speak highly of 对……评价高
speak well/ill of 说……的好话/坏话
sing high praise for 歌颂，高度赞扬
[温馨提示]　
think highly/much/little/poorly of用于被动语态时，副词常置于thought of之前，即构成be highly/much/little/poorly/thought of结构。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The young designer is ________ (high) thought of in the company.
②I think little ________ my former partner.
③They speak highly ________ their teacher.
完成句子
④All those who know him ________________ (对……评价高) him.
⑤I had a pain in my back but I ________________ (没把它当回事) at the time.
highly
of
of
think/speak highly of　
thought nothing of it
6)(教材原句)Now that this dream has come true, my next goal is to translate The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.既然这个梦想已经实现了，我的下一个目标就是翻译《三国演义》。)
[句式解构]　now that引导原因状语从句
(1)now that表示“既然，由于”，相当于since，引导原因状语从句。
Walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed on the moon.
既然在月球上重力改变了，走路就需要练一练。
(2)in that由于，因为，既然，引导原因状语从句。
The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.
所得税增高是有害的，因为它可能会阻拦人们努力多赚钱。
[特别提示]　now that在口语中that可省略；引导从句时，主句前不可再用so。
Now (that) we have accepted the challenge, we may as well take a chance.
既然我们已经接受了挑战，我们不妨来碰一碰运气。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①We needn't have bought so much food ________ Susie won't be with us for dinner.
②We all long for sincere friendship in ________ it can deeply influence our lives.
now that
that
7)(教材原句)Each year sees more works by Chinese writers published in the Netherlands, and they are well-received.近年来，中国作家在荷兰出版的作品逐年增多，反响良好。)
[句式解构]　无生命名词作主语
(1)以时间、地点等名词作主语，常用witness, see，find等动词作谓语。
1949 witnessed the founding of the People's Republic of China.1949年中华人民共和国成立。
(2)表示生理、心理状态的名词或表示某种遭遇的名词(如word, anger, faith, idea, courage, desire等)作主语，用fail, desert, escape等动词作谓语。
When he met his girlfriend for the first time, words failed him.当他第一次见到他女朋友时，他说不出话来。
[即学即练]　单句写作
①第二年他妈妈去世了。
②这栋老房子曾有过辉煌的日子。
③这个体育场里举行过很多精彩的足球赛。
The following year saw the death of his mother.
This old house has seen better days.　
This stadium has seen many thrilling football matches.
03.课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical ________ (天赋) won the recognition of the world.
2．With a miserable ________ (曲调), the pessimistic young man in rags was gone in seconds, leaving Alice shaking her head in disbelief.
3．With such high-spirited eagerness, he would rush into caves, the huts of ________ (牧羊人) and the local camps, hungry to pick up the unknown language and join in.
genius
tune
shepherd
4．Many thoughtful ________ (历史学家) believe that the first outdoor signs were used about five thousand years ago.
5．It has been suggested, for example, that it was the life of luxury in ordinary Elizabethan English life that increased demand for writing filled with ________ (传奇故事) and adventure.
6．After both trainees have calmed down, they can use a key ________ (策略) for conflict resolution, in which the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker's position.
historians
romance
stratagem
7．In July 2010 Burt's Bees, a personal-care products company, was going through ________ (巨大的) change as it began a global expansion into 19 new countries.
8．Sitting on a sofa in her private ________ (房间) crammed with dolls, Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this explanation.
enormous
chamber
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．On ________ whole, the change rising from aging population will have a profound influence on employment policies and pension system.
2．They boasted about producing the most ________ (romance) writing ever produced in any language on earth—from Shakespeare's sonnets to touching love letters written by Winston Churchill.
3．From my first job at the restaurant, I learned teamwork and passion ________ participation. In the meanwhile I also learned staying positive no matter how rough things seem to get.
the
romantic
for
4．They ________ (expose) to inconceivable dangers under circumstances of enormous hardship and fight because they wanted to keep the country safe.
5．George Washington Carver, a scholar who made over 325 products out of peanuts, had a genius ________ the agricultural research, through which he greatly improved the lives of countless black farmers.
6．Enter through the Expo Centre and see the exhibition Shakespeare's World, which was ________ (high) thought of, a lively and full introduction to the life and work of Shakespeare.
were exposed
for
highly
7．Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses of possessions from disasters linked to El Ni o, reducing their losses needs to be the ________ (prior).
8．Ann's neighbor Tracy found a lost dog wandering at the crossroads. Then she asked Ann if she could keep ________ eye on it for the moment so that Ann went to the dollar store and bought some pet supplies.
priority
an
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
The world of Chinese literature is one that is familiar 1.________ us all. But have you ever stopped to wonder 2.________ works are read outside of China and how they are received Today, four Sinologists and translators share their experience of Chinese literature 3.________ us.
Petko：The Shaolin Temple I watched gave me so many reasons 4.________ fall in love with China. I particularly like classical Chinese literature, especially works from the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
to
what
with
to
Analogs：I became interested in languages at a young age. 5.________ (start) high school, I began reading 6.________ (book) about Chinese history and culture.
Joachim：At the age of 15, my mother bought me a copy of the classic Shi Ji. After 7.________ (read) it, I realised the true genius of China's “Grand Historian”， Sima Qian. His 8.________ (write) had a profound effect on me.
Mai：I 9.________ (gradual) fell in love with Chinese literature when I started working as a translator. I don't care if a writer is popular or not. What interests me most is the work 10.________ (it).
Starting
books
reading
writing
gradually
itself
04.课时作业（十一）
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The t________ (庙宇) was destroyed in the violent and absurd eruption of 1470 BC.
2．The young man's voice was just an ordinary voice, but he sang in t________ (曲调) instinctively.
3．He was so impressed that he inquired sincerely the young s________ (牧羊人) what his name was.
4．When faced with any evidence, the h________ (历史学家) has to cooperate to establish its reliability.
temple
tune
shepherd
historian
5．For the p________ (先前的) year, they reported net fees of $1.1 million.
6．Chaplin was not just a g________ (天才), he was among the most influential and thoughtful figures in film history.
7．We are going to make sure we are instinctively in the council c________ (房间) every time he speaks.
8．He still anticipates to find time for r________ (浪漫) by cooking candlelit dinners for his girlfriend.
prior
genius
chamber
romance
9．The K________ (王国) of Italy ultimately came into being on 17 March 1861.
10．The airlines have invested e________ (巨大的) fees in new, quieter aircraft.
Kingdom
enormous
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Wilson first worked as a detective through a student support programme of the non profit _____________ (organize).
2．Now we need to cooperate with volunteer managers ________ (age) 25～75.
organization　
解析：句意：威尔逊首先通过非营利组织的学生支持计划当了一名侦探。organization n．团体，机构；组织。
aged
解析：句意：现在我们需要和25～75岁的志愿者经理合作。根据句式结构，这里考查非谓语动词，managers和后面的动词age之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表示被动。
3．One was that I was ________ (amaze) at the recognition that a sick person could feel much better after seeing a doctor.
4．For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an ________ (inspire) for Western creative instinctively.
amazed　
解析：句意为“其中之一是，我惊讶于这样一个认识：一个生病的人在看过医生后会感觉更好”。amazed adj.吃惊的，显示出惊奇的，为过去分词作形容词，它表示中心词或主语的感受，常修饰人。
inspiration　
解析：句意：对西方设计师来说，中国及其丰富的文化长期以来一直是西方创意的灵感来源。inspiration n．灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事物)。
5．We ________ (gradual) managed to have people accept the historian's theory after a long, hard struggle.
6．Corrado, a qualified ________ (translate) for the Army during WW Ⅱ ，was killed in action in Europe.
gradually
解析：句意：经过长期、艰苦的努力之后，我们逐渐设法让人们接受了这位历史学家的理论。gradually adv.逐渐地(与little by little意思相近)，在句子中作状语，修饰谓语动词。
translator
解析：句意：科拉多，二战期间军队的一个合格的翻译，在欧洲的行动中被杀。translator n．译员；翻译者；翻译家。根据句意，不定冠词a后面跟人。
7．It's not easy to carry around, ________ (especial) when boxed inside an abnormal massive skull (颅骨).
8．But in cities, ________ (limit) space has led to people looking for new solutions.
especially　
解析：句意：这很不容易随身携带，特别是被装在一个异常巨大的颅骨里时。especially意思是“特别地，不寻常地”，强调程度，在进一步补充说明前面所叙述的事情的时候，前面一般用逗号隔开。
limited
解析：句意：但在城里，有限的空间促使人们寻找新的解决方案。limited adj.有限的，不多的，在句子中作定语。
9．There is a growing ________ (aware) that the prevention of environmental pollution is extremely important.
10．The parents suggested ________ (sleep)in the hotel room but their kids anticipated to camp out during the trip.
awareness
解析：句意：人们逐渐认识到防止环境污染是极为重要的。awareness n．意识；觉察；认识。
sleeping
解析：句意：父母建议睡在酒店房间里，但他们的孩子期望在旅行中露营。suggest＋v.-ing(不能跟不定式)表示“建议做某事”。
Ⅲ.用所给短语的适当形式填空
fall in love with, now that, come true, so far, prior to, in addition to , work as , in addition, work on, be determined to
1．A pessimistic man seen hanging around the area ____________ the shooting could have been involved.
2．____________ natural rivers, the Chinese working people have dug numerous canals.
3．The handsome young man ____________ Mary and asked her to marry him sincerely.
prior to
In addition to
fell in love with
4. She studied painting from 1926 and also ____________ a commercial artist.
5．We ____________ cooperate to get the work done ahead of schedule.
6．You ought to have a good rest ____________ you've earned enough university fees.
7．My mother always tells me that as long as I keep practicing, my ambition to be a pianist will ____________ sooner or later.
8．The hotel itself can hold 80 guests and, ____________， there are several self cooking luxury apartments.
worked as
are determined to
now that
come true
in addition
9. Gaudi ____________ the complex project from 1882 until his death in 1926.
10．____________ more than 350，000 people have been reunited with their family in that country.
worked on
So far
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Four Sinologists and translators share their experience of Chinese literature with us.
When Petko was a boy, The Shaolin Temple gave him so many reasons to fall in love with China. He was 1.________ (amaze) by Chinese kung fu; he also thought the Chinese language sounded so beautiful. He particularly likes classical Chinese literature, 2.________ (especial) works from the Ming and Qing dynasties. Once he read Dream of the Red Chamber, he was determined 3.________ (translate) it into Bulgarian. Thirty six Stratagems is a best seller in Bulgaria!
amazed
especially
to translate
When Annelous started high school, she began reading books about Chinese history and culture, 4.________ inspired her to choose Chinese Studies as her academic major at university. She's so far translated the writings of several young Chinese authors, she is looking forward 5.________ their new works. Each year sees more works by Chinese writers 6.________ (publish)in the Netherlands, and they are well-received.
which
to
published
When Joachim was 15 years old, his mother bought him a copy of the classic Shi Ji. After 7.________ (read) it, he realised the true genius of China's “Grand Historian”， Sima Qian. He has translated some poems by Dai Wangshu. Literature has a lot of 8.________ (significant) to the French, and Chinese literary works tend to be highly thought of.
Mai gradually fell in love with Chinese literature 9.________ she started working as a translator. In her eyes, reading Chinese literature was a stimulating and 10.________ (inspire) experience. She thinks Chinese literary works really strike a chord in the hearts of Egyptian readers.
reading
significance
when
inspiring
Ⅰ.完形填空
A little girl created a perfect gift for her mother's birthday. It was a drawing of a __1__ on white paper with the words “For mum: love, love, love” decorated with hearts. She folded(折叠) the paper, but then she __2__ it.
For most people, that would be the __3__ of this story, but this story had a different result. James Carrell found the paper. He had just __4__ his mother, wishing her a happy birthday. After he hung up, Carrell saw the __5__ on the ground outside of a hardware store in Manvel.
“I __6__ it was a gift，” said Carrell. “I opened it up and saw the flower and hearts. It really __7__ me.” Carrell thought the gift would __8__ someone's day and that maybe he could find the owner, so he posted it on the Internet. The message moved a lot of people, __9__ one man.
“I was sitting at my friend's house and saw a man's __10__，” said Carrell. The comment (评论) was from Robert Alvarado. He wrote, “I can't __11__ you found my baby's drawing.” Carrell reached Alvarado to __12__ the paper. It took a few days, but the men finally met on Thursday night.
“Eventually the paper made it home，” said Alvarado. “We are __13__ for what James Carrell did.” We often forget the power of __14__ things, but for this family from Alvin, Carrell's small act left a __15__ impression.
1．A.bird B．card C．cake D．flower
2．A.received B．destroyed C．lost D．posted
3．A.end B．part C．influence D．cause
4．A.promised B．invited C．seen D．called
　
5．A.paper B．cash C．bag D．tool
6．A.insisted on B．agreed to C．found out D．made up
7．A.satisfied B．frightened C．shocked D．touched
8．A.start B．brighten C．continue D．ruin
9．A.obviously B．extremely C．especially D．probably
10．A.photograph B．arrival C．conclusion D．reply
11．A.forget B．believe C．understand D．pretend
12．A.read B．present C．return D．publish
13．A.ready B．grateful C．responsible D．anxious
14．A.little B．certain C．useless D．extra
15．A.negative B．lasting C．reasonable D．beneficial
1．答案：D　解析：根据第二段第六句“I opened it up and saw the flower and hearts.”可知，小女孩在白纸上画了一朵花。
2．答案：C　解析：根据转折词but和第二段第二句“James Carrell found the paper.”可知，小女孩把那张纸弄丢了，故选C项。
3．答案：A　解析：根据空后的“but this story had a different result”可知，此处表示对大多数人来说，那就是故事的结局。
4．答案：D　解析：根据下一句中的“After he hung up”可知，Carrell刚刚给母亲打了电话。
5．答案：A　解析：根据第一段第二句中的“It was a drawing of a __1__ on white paper”、第一段最后一句中的“She folded the paper”以及第二段第二句可知，此处指Carrell看到了那张纸。
6．答案：C　解析：根据下文的“I opened it up and saw the flower and hearts.”可知，Carrell发现这是一份礼物。
7．答案：D　解析：Carrell刚给母亲打完电话，祝母亲生日快乐，就发现了这份小女孩为她母亲准备的生日礼物。由此可推知，这份礼物让Carrell很感动。
8．答案：B　解析：根据上文可知，小女孩的礼物上有一朵花、有心形，还写有祝福语。结合后文Carrell通过网络寻找失主可知，此处指他认为这封信会让收到的人高兴一整天。brighten在此处意为“使更开心”。
9．答案：C　解析：此处表示这条消息感动了很多人，尤其是一个人。especially“尤其”，用来表示强调。
10．答案：D　解析：根据上一段倒数第二句中的“he posted it on the Internet”以及下一句中的“The comment”可知，此处指Carrell看到网上一位男士对自己帖子的回复。
11．答案：B　解析：根据语境并结合常识可知，此处表示那个人不敢相信自己孩子丢失了的礼物被人捡到了。
12．答案：C　解析：上文提到为了找到失主，Carrell把它放在了网上，结合下一段第一句可知，Carrell联系Alvarado是要归还捡到的那份礼物。
13．答案：B　解析：根据上文及空后的“what James Carrell did”可知，Alvarado对Carrell所做的一切很感激。
14．答案：A　解析：根据下文的“Carrell's small act”可知，此处表示我们经常忘记小事情的力量。
15．答案：B　解析：根据上文的“the power”以及转折连词but可知，Carrell小小的举动留下了长久的印象。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
China's popular “Singles' Day”， better known as “Double Eleven”， started out as a day to celebrate singles symbolized by the four number ones on the date of November 11.
With time that meaning has changed. In 2009, China's e-commerce leader Alibaba set the day as a lucky shopping day for online sales as the date was both easy to remember and perfectly timed as it hit between the consumer spending lull (间歇) between National Day and Chinese New Year. It soon became a hit, and Double Eleven became a buying frenzy (疯狂) spread across the world's second largest economy.
In 2019, the Double Eleven Shopping Festival entered its eleventh year. During this decade, Alibaba, Chinese e-commerce giant, and other e-commerce platforms, together with consumers, have co-created a very big shopping event whose heat has swept the world. Foreign readers share their ideas on Singles' Day in China：
GhostBuster (UK) I think Double Eleven is unbelievable. It is not a religious festival that people of the same religion but living in different countries share. As an e-commerce faithful fan, I really love the shopping festival.
Emanreus (Australia) I work in Shanghai. Many of my young female colleagues are still single. They simply haven't time to date, as they tend to work long hours and then travel two hours by subway to get to and from work. Singles' Day is a day when they give themselves a treat with online shopping.
BlondeAmber (Ireland) There is nothing to be proud of to be in a country that spends so much online on a particular day. It does nothing more than show the superficiality (肤浅) of the temporary pleasure of shopping, and produces nothing more than a mountain of environmental waste. I bet there is plenty of buyers' deep regret after this day.
Ionstar (US) Singles' Day became a big deal for Valentine's Day not for the singles! Well, Alibaba's 11.11 has become more famous and important than that of Black Friday and Cyber Monday!
1．Why did Alibaba set the festival on November 11
A．It is a traditionally lucky day.
B．It is a time for people to stay single.
C．Many foreigners like shopping on this day.
D．It comes right between two consumer spending festivals.
答案：D　
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“as the date was both easy to remember and perfectly timed as it hit between the consumer spending lull between National Day and Chinese New Year”可知把购物节设在双十一这一天有两个原因：一是因为这个日期容易记住；二是因为这个日期正好处于国庆节和中国新年两大节日之间，而且国庆节和中国新年也是中国人传统的消费大节。因此D选项正确。
2．What do the foreign readers think of the “Singles' Day”？
A．It is a festival that people living in different countries share.
B．It is a day for the singles to date.
C．People will certainly regret buying anything on this day.
D．Alibaba has made it as famous as Black Friday and Cyber Monday.
答案：A　
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“During this decade, Alibaba, Chinese e-commerce giant, and other e-commerce platforms, together with consumers, have co-created a very big shopping event whose heat has swept the world.”一句可知经过各大电商的共同努力，双十一购物节已经席卷整个世界，由此可知双十一购物节也受到很多外国消费者的喜爱。
3．Who believes that the “Singles' Day” will make much waste
A．GhostBuster. B．Emanreus.
C．BlondeAmber. D．Ionstar.
答案：C　
解析：细节理解题。根据第三个评论中的“It does nothing more than show the superficiality of the temporary pleasure of shopping, and produces nothing more than a mountain of environmental waste.”一句可知BlondeAmber认为双十一购物节会产生大量的垃圾。Unit 3 单元基础知识汇总
巧记速背·自查自测
本单元词汇
[黑体部分为重点单词]
gateway/'ɡe twe / n. 通向……的门户
oasis/ 'e s s/ n. (沙漠中的)绿洲
glorious/'ɡl ri s/ adj. 辉煌的
boast/b st/ v. (地方、机构等)自豪地拥有(好的事物)
grotto/'ɡr t / n. 小洞穴
testimony/'test m ni/ n. 证据；证明
statue/'st t u / n. 雕像；塑像
mural/'mj r l/ n. 壁画
religious/r 'l d s/ adj. 宗教的
heavenly/'hev( )nli/ adj. 天国的
peak/pi k/ n. 高峰，顶点
scroll/skr l/ n. 纸卷，卷轴
crossroads/'kr sr dz/ n. 活动中心，汇集地
expo/'eksp / n. 展览会，博览会
strengthen/'stre θ( )n/ v. 加强
(助记)
①合成　gate n．门，门户＋way n．路，小道→gateway n．
②派生　glory n．荣誉，荣耀＋-ous（形容词后缀：具有……特征的）→glorious adj.
③联想　这只“烤”(roast)鸭让你“自豪地拥有”(boast)
④联想　“测验”(test)是对你学习效果最好的“证明”(testimony)
⑤派生　religion n．信仰＋-ous（形容词后缀：具有……的，有……特征的）→religious adj.
⑥派生　heaven n．天堂，天空＋-ly（形容词后缀：有……特征的）→heavenly adj.
⑦联想　能“滚动”(roll)的这个“卷轴”(scroll)很名贵
⑧合成　cross n．十字，交叉＋road n．路→,crossroads n．
⑨派生　strength n．力气，力量＋-en（动词后缀：使具有……特征）→strengthen v．coverage/'k v( )r d / n. 覆盖范围
scholar/'sk l / n. 学者
department/d 'pɑ tm nt/ n. (大学的)系，部
institute/' nst tju t/ n. 学院；研究院
(助记)
派生　cover vt.涵盖＋-age（名词后缀：……地方）→coverage n Sinologist/sa 'n l d st/ n. 汉学家
temple/'temp( )l/ n. 庙宇，寺院
tune/tju n/ n. 曲调，旋律
shepherd/' ep d/ n. 牧羊人
historian/h 'st ri n/ n. 历史学家
prior/'pra / adj. 先前的；较早的
genius/'d i ni s/ n. 天才，天赋
chamber/'t e mb / n. 房间
romance/r 'm ns/ n. 传奇故事
kingdom/'k d m/ n. 王国
stratagem/'str t d m/ n. 计谋，策略
enormous / 'n m s/ adj. 巨大的，庞大的
(助记)
①派生　Sinology n．汉学＋-ist（名词后缀：研究……的人）→Sinologist n．
②联想　与“羊”(sheep)有关的“牧羊人”(shepherd)
③派生　history n．历史＋-ian（名词后缀：……专家）→historian n．
④派生　pri （＝pre-前缀：在前的，预先的）＋or→prior adj.
⑤联想　由“琥珀”(amber)做成的这个“房间”(chamber)是送给他的礼物
⑥派生　king n．国王＋-dom（名词后缀：领地，范围）→kingdom n
本单元短语
be testimony to 是……的证明
seal...up 把……密封住，封存
起来
bring...to life 使……苏醒/活跃起来
be exposed to 暴露于……
on the whole 总的来说
date from 追溯到，起源于
fade from 从……中消逝
prior to 在……之前，先于……
keep a close eye on 密切关注……
strike a chord 引起共鸣
　　　　　　　　　　　　单元评价·自查自纠
Ⅰ.单词
1．________ n．高峰，顶点
2．________ n．(大学的)系，部
3．________ n．学院；研究院
4．________ n．庙宇，寺院
5．________ n．曲调，旋律
6．________ adj.先前的；较早的
7．________ n．天才，天赋
8．________ n．王国
9．________ n．通向……的门户
10．________ n．雕像；塑像
11．________ n. 荣誉；光荣→________ adj. 辉煌的
12．________ n. 宗教→________ adj. 宗教的
13．________ n. 力气，体力→________ v. (使)变强；加强→________ adj. 强壮的
14．________ v. 覆盖，涉及→________ n. 覆盖范围
15．________ n. 学者→________ n. 奖学金；学问
16．________ n. 历史→________ n. 历史学家→________ adj. 历史上著名的→________ adj. (有关)历史的，历史学的
17．________ adj. 巨大的，庞大的→________ adv. 非常，极其
Ⅱ.短语
1．________________ 在……之前，先于……
2．________________ 暴露于；接触
3．________________ 密切关注
4．________________ 使活泼，使生动，使苏醒
5．________________ 致力于
6．________________ 实现
7．________________ 除……以外
8．________________ 对……是熟悉的
9．________________ 整体上
10．________________ 对……高度评价
11．________________ 有很多共同点
12．________________(＝date back to) 追溯到
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．where引导定语从句
On the old Silk Road, this city was the gateway to and from Ancient China, a place ____________________， and a green island in the middle of the desert.(东西方交会的地方)
2．介词(of)＋关系代词(which)
Now，we are going to enter some of the city's famous caves, ____________________________．[(敦煌)有七百多个洞窟]
3．so that引导目的状语从句
Come a little bit closer ____________________________________．(这样你就可以看得更清楚)
4．介词短语位于句首的倒装
__________________， now known as the famous Library Cave, __________________ thousands of manuscripts, paintings and scrolls as well as silk embroideries.(一个封闭的洞窟里藏有……)
Unit 3　单元基础知识汇总
单元评价·自查自纠
Ⅰ.单词
1．peak　2.department　3.institute　4.temple　5.tune　6.prior　7.genius　8.kingdom　9.gateway　10.statue　11.glory; glorious　12.religion; religious　13.strength; strengthen; strong　14.cover; coverage　15.scholar; scholarship　16.history; historian; historic; historical　17.enormous; enormously
Ⅱ.短语
1．prior to　2.be exposed to　3.keep a close eye on　4.bring... back to life　5.work on　6.come true　7.in addition (to)　8.be familiar to　9.on the whole　10.think highly of　11.have a lot in common　12.date from
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．where East met West　2.of which there are more than 700
3．so that you can get a better view　4.In a sealed cave; were hidden(共110张PPT)
Unit 3 单元基础知识汇总
01.巧记速背·自查自测
02.单元评价·自查自纠
03.单元测试卷（三）
内容
索引
01.巧记速背·自查自测
本单元词汇
[黑体部分为重点单词]
gateway/'ɡe twe / n. 通向……的门户
oasis/ 'e s s/ n. (沙漠中的)绿洲
glorious/'ɡl ri s/ adj. 辉煌的
boast/b st/ v. (地方、机构等)自豪地拥有(好的事物)
grotto/'ɡr t / n. 小洞穴
testimony/'test m ni/ n. 证据；证明
statue/'st t u / n. 雕像；塑像
mural/'mj r l/ n. 壁画
religious/r 'l d s/ adj. 宗教的
heavenly/'hev( )nli/ adj. 天国的
peak/pi k/ n. 高峰，顶点
scroll/skr l/ n. 纸卷，卷轴
crossroads/'kr sr dz/ n. 活动中心，汇集地
expo/'eksp / n. 展览会，博览会
strengthen/'stre θ( )n/ v. 加强
(助记)
①合成　gate n．门，门户＋way n．路，小道→gateway n．
②派生　glory n．荣誉，荣耀＋-ous（形容词后缀：具有……特征的）→glorious adj.
③联想　这只“烤”(roast)鸭让你“自豪地拥有”(boast)
④联想　“测验”(test)是对你学习效果最好的“证明”(testimony)
⑤派生　religion n．信仰＋-ous（形容词后缀：具有……的，有……特征的）→religious adj.
⑥派生　heaven n．天堂，天空＋-ly（形容词后缀：有……特征的）→heavenly adj.
⑦联想　能“滚动”(roll)的这个“卷轴”(scroll)很名贵
⑧合成　cross n．十字，交叉＋road n．路→,crossroads n．
⑨派生　strength n．力气，力量＋-en（动词后缀：使具有……特征）→strengthen v．coverage/'k v( )r d / n. 覆盖范围
scholar/'sk l / n. 学者
department/d 'pɑ tm nt/ n. (大学的)系，部
institute/' nst tju t/ n. 学院；研究院
(助记)
派生　cover vt.涵盖＋-age（名词后缀：……地方）→coverage n Sinologist/sa 'n l d st/ n. 汉学家
temple/'temp( )l/ n. 庙宇，寺院
tune/tju n/ n. 曲调，旋律
shepherd/' ep d/ n. 牧羊人
historian/h 'st ri n/ n. 历史学家
prior/'pra / adj. 先前的；较早的
genius/'d i ni s/ n. 天才，天赋
chamber/'t e mb / n. 房间
romance/r 'm ns/ n. 传奇故事
kingdom/'k d m/ n. 王国
stratagem/'str t d m/ n. 计谋，策略
enormous / 'n m s/ adj. 巨大的，庞大的
(助记)
①派生　Sinology n．汉学＋-ist（名词后缀：研究……的人）→Sinologist n．
②联想　与“羊”(sheep)有关的“牧羊人”(shepherd)
③派生　history n．历史＋-ian（名词后缀：……专家）→historian n．
④派生　pri （＝pre-前缀：在前的，预先的）＋or→prior adj.
⑤联想　由“琥珀”(amber)做成的这个“房间”(chamber)是送给他的礼物
⑥派生　king n．国王＋-dom（名词后缀：领地，范围）→kingdom n
本单元短语
be testimony to 是……的证明
seal...up 把……密封住，封存
起来
bring...to life 使……苏醒/活跃起来
be exposed to 暴露于……
on the whole 总的来说
date from 追溯到，起源于
fade from 从……中消逝
prior to 在……之前，先于……
keep a close eye on 密切关注……
strike a chord 引起共鸣
02.单元评价·自查自纠
Ⅰ.单词
1．________ n．高峰，顶点
2．________ n．(大学的)系，部
3．________ n．学院；研究院
4．________ n．庙宇，寺院
5．________ n．曲调，旋律
6．________ adj.先前的；较早的
7．________ n．天才，天赋
peak
department
institute
temple
tune
prior
genius
8．________ n．王国
9．________ n．通向……的门户
10．________ n．雕像；塑像
11．________ n. 荣誉；光荣→________ adj. 辉煌的
12．________ n. 宗教→________ adj. 宗教的
13．________ n. 力气，体力→________ v. (使)变强；加强→________ adj. 强壮的
kingdom
gateway
statue
glory
glorious
religion
religious
strength
strengthen
strong
14．________ v. 覆盖，涉及→________ n. 覆盖范围
15．________ n. 学者→________ n. 奖学金；学问
16．________ n. 历史→________ n. 历史学家→________ adj. 历史上著名的→________ adj. (有关)历史的，历史学的
17．________ adj. 巨大的，庞大的→________ adv. 非常，极其
cover
coverage
scholar
scholarship
history
historian
historic
historical
enormous
enormously
Ⅱ.短语
1．________________ 在……之前，先于……
2．________________ 暴露于；接触
3．________________ 密切关注
4．________________ 使活泼，使生动，使苏醒
5．________________ 致力于
6．________________ 实现
7．________________ 除……以外
prior to
be exposed to
keep a close eye on
bring... back to life
work on
come true
in addition (to)
8．________________ 对……是熟悉的
9．________________ 整体上
10．________________ 对……高度评价
11．________________ 有很多共同点
12．________________(＝date back to) 追溯到
be familiar to
on the whole
think highly of　
have a lot in common
date from
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．where引导定语从句
On the old Silk Road, this city was the gateway to and from Ancient China, a place ____________________， and a green island in the middle of the desert.(东西方交会的地方)
2．介词(of)＋关系代词(which)
Now，we are going to enter some of the city's famous caves, ____________________________．[(敦煌)有七百多个洞窟]
where East met West
of which there are more than 700
3．so that引导目的状语从句
Come a little bit closer ________________________________．(这样你就可以看得更清楚)
4．介词短语位于句首的倒装
__________________， now known as the famous Library Cave, __________________ thousands of manuscripts, paintings and scrolls as well as silk embroideries.(一个封闭的洞窟里藏有……)
so that you can get a better view
In a sealed cave
were hidden
03.单元测试卷（三）
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Who is the man possibly talking to
A．A doctor. B．A teacher. C．His mother.
A
2．Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In an office. B．At home. C．In the street.
3．How much will the man pay for the tickets
A．18 dollars. B．30 dollars. C．24 dollars.
4．How long has the flight been delayed so far
A．One and a half hours. B．One hour. C．Half an hour.
5．What does the man want to do
A．Have a dictation. B．Leave early. C．Have a tooth pulled.
C
C
A
B
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6．What kind of music is the woman's favourite
A．Pop music. B．Country music. C．Classical music.
B
7．How will the man find out the information
A．By making a call. B．By asking a friend. C．By going downtown.
A
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．Who is the lady probably
A．The man's schoolmate. B．The man's wife. C．The man's boss.
9．What does the man think of his new roommate
A．He's too bad. B．He's too lazy. C．He's a good boy.
10．What does the new roommate like
A．He likes playing. B．He likes music. C．He likes keeping his house clean.
A
C
B
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．Why did Ruth call Tim
A．To find out if the book she ordered is in.
B．To ask him to attend a Students' Union meeting.
C. To see if he has time to welcome new students.
12．What does Ruth say about the new students
A．Many of them have a part time job.
B．They usually arrive on weekends.
C．They will need new textbooks.
13．What does Tim offer to do
A．Help out when he has time. B．Take Ruth's place as a tour guide.
C．Get in touch with Ken later.
C
B
A
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14．What's the most probable relationship between the two speakers
A．Friends. B．Strangers. C．Husband and wife.
15．Why don't the woman and her husband move to a new house
A．They don't like a new house. B．They can't afford a new house. C．They have had their own house.
16．What does the man's sister in law think of the house she bought
A．Poor. B．Expensive. C．Satisfying.
A
B
C
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What is the purpose of making this announcement
A．To warn people of danger. B．To tell people not to leave home.
C．To inform people of a power failure.
18．What should those who want to go out do
A．Get out of town before three. B．Stay in the cars. C．Be careful of loose electric wires.
A
A
19．What can we learn from the announcement
A．Electricity has been cut off.
B．A hurricane is coming in three hours.
C．Some wires may go wrong after the hurricane.
20．What does the speaker suggest at the end of the announcement
A．Staying away from beaches. B．Paying attention to further news.
C．Being patient and staying indoors.
C
B
第一部分　听力
听力材料
Text 1
M: I'm not feeling so well.
W: Get some rest and take these three times a day and you should feel better. If you don't，come back and see me.
Text 2
W: Excuse me，but is it seven o'clock yet
M: I'm sorry，but I don't have a watch. Try the lady over there.
W: Thank you. I will.
Text 3
M: I'd like some tickets for tomorrow's concert.
W: Tickets for the concert are $ 6 for adults，half price for children.
M: All right. I'd like three tickets for adults and two tickets for children, please.
Text 4
W: Can you tell me what time Flight B5311 arrives，please
M: Yes，it was scheduled to arrive at 6 pm，but has been delayed for one hour and a half.
Text 5
M: Could I possibly leave class early today
W: I'm afraid not. We're going to have a dictation before class is dismissed.
M: Oh, well... The reason is that I have an appointment with the dentist. I have a terrible toothache.
W: Well, in that case，just go ahead.
Text 6
M: What's your favorite kind of music，Mary Do you like pop music
W: I like almost all kinds of music. But I like country music best.
M: There was a concert of country music last week.
W: I wish I had been there!
M: Do you often go to the movies
W: Not often but occasionally.
M: It will do you good to go out for entertainment at weekends. What kind of movie do you like best
W: It's hard to say. Generally speaking, I like interesting and significant ones.
M: Shall we go downtown for a movie this Friday evening
W: Very good. What's on
M: I'm not sure. Let me give a call to find out.
Text 7
W: Do you like your new roommate
M: Yes，he's a nice guy，but he listens to heavy metal music.
W: What kind
M: Heavy metal.
W: Ugh! Does he play it a lot
M: No, but when he plays it, he plays it really loud.
W: Too bad. Well，does he keep the house clean
M: Oh，yeah. That's no problem.
Text 8
M: Hello, University Books, Tim Weber speaking.
W: Hi，Tim，this is Ruth.
M: Oh，hi，Ruth. What's up
W: Well, the Students' Union needs a couple of volunteers to show the new students around next week. Would you be able to help out
M: That depends on the days you have in mind. I'm working here full time before classes begin. It's really busy now, with all the textbook orders coming in, but I do have some time off.
W: What about Saturday Most new students will arrive on the weekend.
M: Sorry. I have to work all day Saturday. How about Thursday and Friday I've got both mornings free.
W: I don't have the time table on me. Ken's got it. Maybe you can set something up with him.
M: I'll only be able to spare a couple of hours，though.
W: No problem, I'll ask Ken to get in touch with you later today. Will you be at this number
M: Yeah，till four. Look, I've got to go. I have to get all the orders out before I leave today.
W: OK, thanks, Tim. Bye.
Text 9
M: Have you thought of moving at all，Sarah
W: We've thought about it，but my husband and I can't afford it right now.
M: Buying a house can be expensive，but there are ways to find cheaper houses.
W: Like what
M: Well. You can buy a house far away from the city center. You would definitely save money doing it that way.
W: That's a good idea.
M: Sure，my sister in law and her husband just bought a house that way. They're pretty satisfied with it.
W: Is the house pretty run down
M: Not at all. The woman, who owned it, took good care of it. But when she died, she had no family left and no will, so the government had to sell it for her.
W: Was it a very old house
M: It was about 75 years old. There were a few repairs that needed doing，but it didn't take a lot of money or time.
W: Is it in a good location
M: The area can be a bit rough in the evening, but the neighbors watch out for each other, so it's OK.
Text 10
We've just received word that Hurricane Harry has changed its course, and is now heading straight for the mainland. We expect to have winds of over 150 miles per hour. The hurricane should arrive at about 3 p．m. this afternoon. Please get prepared for it. Cover your windows with boards as much as possible. Tie your boats down well. No camping is allowed on the beach; it's too dangerous. If you are planning to leave for the day，try to get out of town before three. For those of you staying in town, stay indoors and out of your cars.
After the hurricane dies down, be careful of loose electric wires. The electricity company will be out repairing the wires as soon as possible. Don't touch any wires on the ground. If your electricity goes out, be patient. The electricity company will be working as quickly as possible. Keep your radio turned to this station for further information.
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
As a photographer, have you thought about entering photo competitions Which photo competition should you enter If you've found yourself asking the questions, you're in the right place. This article will introduce some of the most famous photo competitions to you.
World Press Photo Awards
If you want to test your photojournalism (摄影新闻报道) skills against others in more than one competition, consider joining the World Press Photo Awards. The competition has been hosted since 1955 and there are regional and overall winners.
Deadline: January
Entry Fees: Free
Prizes: Regional winners: DC＝ 1，000. Global winners: DC＝ 6，000.
Istanbul Photo Awards
The Istanbul Photo Awards is hosted each year by Anadolu Agency, Turkey. But you don't need to have a base in Istanbul to enter the competition.
You can apply for several categories, including single news, story news, and categories ranging from sports to nature. The competition is organized mainly for news photographers.
Deadline: February
Entry Fees: Free
Prizes: Category winners: $3，000. Runners up (亚军): $1，500. Third place: $1，000.
Amateur Photographer of the Year
The Amateur Photographer of the Year award is held every year. You'll have the opportunity to enter several rounds throughout the year, each of which has a different theme.
Deadline: Varies
Entry Fees: Free
Prizes: Winner: ￡ 500 (each round); ￡ 1，000 for the overall winner. Second place: ￡ 100. Third place: ￡ 50.
Landscape Photographer of the Year
If you live in the UK and want to show your country's beauty, you might want to consider entering the competition. The competition has several categories, including city life, black and white, and classic views.
Deadline: May
Entry Fees: ￡ 9.99
Prizes: Winner: ￡10，000 and a book. Category winners: ￡1，000 and a book. Category runners up: a book.
21．Which competition can a photographer enter several times in a year
A．Istanbul Photo Awards.
B．World Press Photo Awards.
C．Amateur Photographer of the Year.
D．Landscape Photographer of the Year.
答案：C　
解析：细节理解题。根据Amateur Photographer of the Year部分的“The Amateur Photographer of the Year award is held every year. You'll have the opportunity to enter several rounds throughout the year, each of which has a different theme.”可知，在年度业余摄影师比赛中，摄影师可以在一年中参加多次比赛。故选C项。
22．What do World Press Photo Awards and Istanbul Photo Awards have in common
A．They require entry fees.
B．They set three levels of prizes.
C．They are hosted in the same month each year.
D．They are mainly held for news photographers.
答案：D　
解析：推理判断题。根据World Press Photo Awards部分的“If you want to test your photojournalism (摄影新闻报道) skills against others in more than one competition, consider joining the World Press Photo Awards.”以及Istanbul Photo Awards部分的“The competition is organized mainly for news photographers.”可推理出，两个摄影比赛的共同之处是它们主要为新闻摄影师举办。故选D项。
23．A category winner who enters Landscape Photographer of the Year can get ________．
A．￡ 2，000 B．￡ 1，000
C．￡ 3，000 D．￡ 10，000
答案：B　
解析：细节理解题。根据Landscape Photographer of the Year部分的“Category winners: ￡1，000 and a book.”可知，一个年度风景摄影师比赛的类别获胜者可以得到1 000英镑。故选B项。
B
Are you familiar with the greeting, “Can I add you on WeChat？” It seems like every time we meet new friends or colleagues nowadays, the first thing that springs to mind is adding each other on the app. Nevertheless，more than 80 percent of WeChat users report feeling stressed or anxious when they receive a large number of messages，according to a study done recently by the app's developer Tencent (腾讯). In other words, WeChat can overwhelm (使应接不暇) us, while also breaking down the boundaries between our work and private lives.
Just think how easy it is now for bosses to hand out assignments during the holiday, so long as they have your WeChat contact. When you're at the cinema enjoying a romantic movie or having a barbecue in the backyard, you can never cut yourself off from the outside world unless you switch off your phone. Not to post something in WeChat Moments before replying to your boss first!
Apart from interrupting your leisure time, WeChat can also reduce your productivity at work. For many office workers, logging in to WeChat on their computers at the start of the day has become routine. But what if browsing the Moments distracts us from doing the work The app steals our time without us even noticing it, making us have the false belief that we are busy all the time.
And as if that weren't bad enough, there're the “one off” friends who take up space on our WeChat friend list. A handy way to check how many one off friends you have is to take a look at your chat history with them.
Sometimes, you only sent the initial friend requests so you could invite them to a WeChat group or inform them of something for your boss. Yet still, as your friend count (好友数量) ever goes up, it can make you feel the need to post selfies (自拍) and share details of your life in your Moments, just so you can stay up to date.
With WeChat, all our spare time is swallowed up by the constant torrent of messages and our attention keeps getting diverted by Moments and pop up ads. So it's time that we should do something to nip this problem in the bud.
24．What is most of WeChat users' reaction when receiving a mass of messages
A．They are quite upset. B．They think it's unavoidable.
C．They break down. D．They complain about Tencent.
答案：A　
解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的“Nevertheless, more than 80 percent of WeChat users report feeling stressed or anxious when they receive a large number of messages, according to a study done recently by the app's developer Tencent.”可知，大多数微信用户在收到大量信息时感到很不安，故选A。
25．Which of the following may make your boss angry according to Paragraph 2
A．Enjoying a movie at the weekend.
B．Posting something in WeChat Moments.
C．Having a barbecue on vacation.
D．Ignoring the assignment he handed out when seeing it.
答案：D　
解析：推理判断题。由第二段可推断出，看到老板分发的任务不理会(还发朋友圈)，会让你的老板生气，故选D。
26．How can we decide who is the one off friend on our WeChat friend list
A．By checking if you sent the initial friend request.
B．By seeing if your boss asked you to inform him of something.
C．By having a look at your chat record.
D．By counting the number of your friends on the list.
答案：C　
解析：细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“A handy way to check how many one off friends you have is to take a look at your chat history with them.”可知，看看你的聊天记录就可以知道谁是你的一次性朋友，故选C。
27．What can be a suitable title for this text
A．Is WeChat Becoming a Necessity in Our Life
B．Are WeChat Friend Requests Ruining Your Life
C．Does Your Boss Want to Be Your WeChat Friend
D．Is It Better to Have More WeChat Friends
答案：B　
解析：标题概括题。读完本文内容可知，这篇文章讲的是微信让我们的生活受到很多负面的影响，B项“微信好友请求正在毁掉你的生活吗？”涉及微信带来的不利影响，为短文最佳标题，故选B。
C
Blue whales, the earth's largest animals, call to others of their kind, though exactly what these cries communicate remains a mystery. But these sounds have begun evolving (演变). Since at least the 1960s, the pitch (音调) of Antarctic blue whales has downshifted. Scientists have theories as to why: all involving humans.
The deepening of their sounds is not unique. Many blue whales around the world have also dropped their pitch. In a study last year that analyzed more than 1 million individual recordings of whale calls, scale shifts were found across species, and among populations that don't necessarily interact with one another. This is to say, whatever has caused the change doesn't seem to have a specific geographic origin.
The underwater noises caused by ocean traffic and at sea industries might seem a likely criminal. However, scientists have identified lowered pitches even across populations of whales that live in seas without major shipping routes.
One possible explanation for the change is the achievements of global conservation efforts. As their populations have grown, then, the whales may have decreased their volume because they are more likely to be communicating over short distances.
Last year's study of whale calls also suggests a threatening reason for the drop in pitch, however. Perhaps whales don't need to be so loud because sound waves travel farther in oceans made acidic by the absorption of carbon dioxide.
Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, meanwhile, may also indirectly influence whale voices in other ways. Recent study shows that, during the summer, the whales must use their top volume to be heard in the cracking ice—a natural sound increased by unnatural processes, as rising temperatures worsen ice melt. So the impacts of a warming planet may modulate animal sounds even in remote places.
28．To what extent is whales' pitch drop
A．Across the species. B．In the Antarctic ocean.
C．Among some populations. D．Within one million individuals.
答案：A　
解析：细节理解题。该题问的是鲸鱼的音调在多大程度上下降了。根据第二段第三句可知，鲸鱼的音调下降跨越了不同的种类。故选A。
29．What causes the evolving of whales' pitch according to the text
A．Less communication and more threat.
B．Protection efforts and acidic sea water.
C．Sharp decrease of whales' populations.
D．Underwater noises by ships and industries.
答案：B　
解析：细节理解题。该题问的是根据文章，是什么导致了鲸鱼音调的演变。根据第四段第一句和第五段可知，保护措施和酸性海水导致了鲸鱼音调的演变。故选B。
30．What does the underlined word “modulate” mean in the last paragraph
A．Produce. B．Damage. C．Balance. D．Change.
答案：D　
解析：词义猜测题。该题问的是最后一段中的画线词“modulate”是什么意思。根据最后一段最后两句可知，气候变暖使冰块碎裂，因此鲸鱼必须增大音量才能让自己的声音被听到。由此可推知，地球变暖改变了动物的声音，modulate应意为“改变”，与D项意思相近。故选D。
31．What can we infer from the text
A．Man is the soul of nature.
B．Man and nature are in one.
C．Nature pardons no mistakes.
D．Nature has the final say over man.
答案：B　
解析：推理判断题。该题问的是我们能从文章中推断出什么。通读全文尤其是第一段最后两句可知，人类活动影响了动物活动。由此可推知，人与自然是一体的。故选B。
D
A decade ago, at the end of my first semester teaching at Wharton, a student stopped by for office hours. He sat down and burst into tears. My mind started cycling through a list of events that could make a college junior cry: His girlfriend had left him; he had been accused of plagiarism (剽窃). “I just got my first A minus，” he said, his voice shaking.
Year after year, I watch in dismay (郁闷) as students go all for straight A's. Some sacrifice their health; a few have even tried to sue (控告) their school after falling short. All hold the belief that top marks are a ticket to best graduate schools and high paying job offers.
I was one of them. I started college with the goal of graduating with a 4.0. It would be a reflection of my brainpower and willpower, revealing that I had the right stuff to succeed. But I was wrong.
The evidence is clear: Academic excellence is not a strong predictor of career excellence. Across industries, research shows that the connection between grades and job performance is modest in the first year after college and unimportant within a handful of years. For example, at Google, once employees are two or three years out of college, their grades have no bearing on their performance. (Of course, it must be said that if you got D's, you probably didn't end up at Google.)
In a classic 1962 study, a team of psychologists tracked down America's most creative architects and compared them with their technically skilled but less original matches. One of the factors that distinguished the creative architects was a record of grades. “In college our creative architects earned about a B average，” Donald MacKinnon wrote.“In work and courses which caught their interest they could turn in an A performance, but in courses that failed to strike their imagination, they were quite willing to do no work at all.”
This might explain why Steve Jobs finished high school with a 2.65 G. P. A．， J. K. Rowling graduated from the University of Exeter with roughly a C average, and the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. got only one A in his four years at Morehouse.
32．What makes the author feel depressed
A．A student got his first A minus.
B．Students put too much value on straight A's.
C．The author hasn't got a high paying job.
D．The author didn't try hard to get straight A's.
答案：B　
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，学生们对于取得全优成绩的过度重视让作者感到沮丧。故选B。
33．What's the author's conclusion about straight A's
A．Straight A's don't stand for future success.
B．Straight A's are a ticket to a bright future.
C．Straight A's are of little value in future careers.
D．Straight A's don't bring creative performances.
答案：A　
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，作者认为全优并不代表着将来的成功。故选A。
34．What do we know about the people mentioned in the last paragraph
A．They have got about a B average.
B．They didn't finish their college.
C．They are as ordinary as other people.
D．They didn't have academic excellence.
答案：D　
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“This might explain why Steve Jobs finished high school with a 2.65 G．P.A.，J.K.Rowling graduated from the University of Exeter with roughly a C average, and the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. got only one A in his four years at Morehouse.”可知，这或许可以解释为什么Steve Jobs高中毕业时的平均成绩是2. 65分，J.K.Rowling毕业于Exeter大学时的平均成绩是C，而Martin Luther King博士在Morehouse的四年里只得了一个A。由此可推知，最后一段提到的人们成绩都并不优秀。故选D。
35．Where is this text most likely from
A．A magazine. B．A guidebook. C．A novel. D．A brochure.
答案：A　
解析：文章出处题。通读全文尤其是第四段第一句可知，本文主要讨论了学业成绩对于职业生涯是否重要。因此，本文最可能摘自一本杂志。故选A。
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Up in the air—a history of ballooning
The first kind of air transportation was the balloon. People traveled by balloon a hundred years before there were planes or jet aircraft. Those early days of ballooning were exciting, but they were also risky. __36__ However, the danger did not stop the balloonists.
The first real balloon flight was in France in 1783. Two French brothers made a balloon. __37__ Hot air is lighter than cold air, so it goes up. Their hot air balloon went up 1，000 feet in the sky.
__38__ They built a fire under the balloon to make the air hot. This made the balloon stay up in the air for a few hours. But their balloon was tied to the ground. So it could not go anywhere.
Soon balloonists tried longer flights. In 1785, an American and a Frenchman flew over the English Channel. They left England on a cold, clear January day. Halfway across, their balloon began to drop toward the water. They threw out some equipment and food to make the balloon lighter. The balloon continued to fall, so they threw out almost everything in the basket—even some of their clothes. __39__
During the nineteenth century, ballooning became a popular sport and balloons were also used by scientists to study the air and by armies in war time. After the airplane was invented, however, interest in balloons decreased dramatically. But some people today still like to go up in balloons. __40__ What's more, they have a wonderful view of the world below.
A．They filled a very large paper bag with hot air.
B．High up in the balloon basket, they find quiet.
C．Sometimes the balloons fell suddenly and sometimes they burned.
D．Back then, few people understood how they were able to fly so far.
E．Finally, after about three hours, they landed in France, cold but safe.
F．Balloon races and displays remain popular all over the world to this every day.
G．Later that same year, two other Frenchmen ascended in the basket under a balloon.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了热气球的发明和其发展的过程。乘坐热气球虽然危险，但是人们对热气球的热情并没有减退。
36．答案：C　
解析：根据上文“Those early days of ballooning were exciting, but they were also risky.”可知，这些早期的气球是令人兴奋的，但是也是有危险的。C项“有时气球会突然掉下来，有时它们会燃烧起来”承接上文，符合语境。故选C。
37．答案：A　
解析：根据下文“Hot air is lighter than cold air，so it goes up.”可知，热空气比冷空气轻，所以它可以上升。A项“他们用热空气填满一个非常大的纸袋”引出下文，符合语境。故选A。
38．答案：G　
解析：根据下文“They built a fire under the balloon to make the air hot.”可知，他们在气球下面生火来加热空气。G项“同年的晚些时候，另外两个法国人坐在气球下的篮子里上升”引出下文，符合语境。故选G。
39．答案：E　
解析：根据上文“The balloon continued to fall，so they threw.”可知，气球继续降落，因此他们扔掉了篮子里几乎每件东西——甚至是他们自己的衣服。E项“最终，三小时后，他们在法国着陆，很冷但是很安全”承接上文，符合语境。故选E。
40．答案：B　
解析：根据上文“But some people today still like to go up in balloons.”可知，但是现在一些人仍然喜欢乘坐气球；再根据下文“What's more, they have a wonderful view of the world below.”可知，另外，他们还可以欣赏下面极美的风景。B项“在高高的气球篮子里，他们感到宁静”承上启下，符合语境。故选B。
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our __41__ are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we __42__ along Chalk Creek. I was __43__ that our 15 month old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was __44__， and his crying let the whole campground know it. So __45__ tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It __46__—he didn't end up in the creek. My three year old, however, did.
Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we __47__， but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly __48__ our peaceful morning trip. The __49__ picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to __50__ the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No __51__. We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there __52__， a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were __53__.
Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of __54__， wondering what camping fun and __55__ we will experience next.
41．A.ideas B．jokes C．memories D．discoveries
42．A.camped B．drove C．walked D．cycled
43．A.annoyed B．surprised C．disappointed D．worried
44．A.unhurt B．unfortunate C．uncomfortable D．unafraid
45．A.due to B．instead of C．apart from D．as for
46．A.worked B．happened C．mattered D．changed
47．A.signed up B．calmed down C．checked out D．headed off
48．A.arranged B．interrupted C．completed D．recorded
49．A.wind B．noise C．temperature D．speed
50．A.find B．hide C．start D．fix
51．A.luck B．answer C．wonder D．signal
52．A.patiently B．tirelessly C．doubtfully D．helplessly
53．A.sorry B．brave C．safe D．right
54．A.relief B．duty C．pride D．excitement
55．A.failure B．adventure C．performance D．conflict
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者一家非常喜欢露营。在过去的十年中，他们有许多关于露营的美好回忆。虽然露营的过程中也会伴随冒险的经历，但一家人仍对露营充满热情和期待。
41．答案：C　
解析：根据上文的camping experiences和下文的from the early years可知，作者觉得一些(关于露营的)回忆非常有趣。memory意为“回忆，记忆”，符合语境。idea意为“想法，主意”；joke意为“笑话”；discovery意为“发现”。
42．答案：A　
解析：根据上文的camping experiences和下文的the whole campground可知，此处讲述的是一家人露营的经历。camp意为“露营，野营”，符合语境。drive意为“驾驶，开车”；walk意为“行走，散步”；cycle意为“骑自行车”。
43．答案：D　
解析：根据下文的“our 15 month old boy would fall into the creek”及“I tied a rope around his waist”可知，作者担心15个月大的儿子会掉进小溪里，便在他腰间系了根绳子。worried意为“担心的”，符合语境。annoyed意为“生气的，恼火的”；surprised意为“惊讶的”；disappointed意为“失望的”。
44．答案：C　
解析：根据下文的“his crying let the whole campground know it”并结合常识可知，把绳子拴在孩子的腰上，孩子应该会感觉不舒服。uncomfortable意为“不舒服的”，符合语境。unhurt意为“未受伤的”；unfortunate意为“不幸的”；unafraid意为“不害怕的”。
45．答案：B　
解析：根据下文的“I just kept a close eye on him”可知，作者不再将绳子拴在孩子腰上，而是密切关注着他的一举一动。instead of意为“代替，而不是”，符合语境。due to意为“由于，因为”；apart from意为“除了……外”；as for意为“关于，至于”。
46．答案：A　
解析：根据下文的“he didn't end up in the creek”可知，作者的这个办法奏效了，15个月大的儿子没有掉进小溪里。work意为“奏效，起作用”，符合语境。happen意为“发生”；matter意为“要紧”；change意为“改变”。
47．答案：D　
解析：根据下文的“but storms move in fast in the mountains”中的but表示转折可知，作者一家人出发时，天空是晴朗的。head off意为“离开(某地去别处)”，符合语境。sign up意为“报名”；calm down意为“平静下来，镇定下来”；check out意为“核实；结账退房”。
48．答案：B　解析：根据上文的“storms move in fast in the mountains”可知，作者一家人美好的清晨之旅因暴风雨而被迫中断。interrupt意为“使中断”，符合语境。arrange意为“安排”；complete意为“完成”；record意为“记录”。
49．答案：A　解析：根据上文的storms move in fast并结合常识可知，暴风雨来临之际应是风起雷鸣。pick up在此处意为“增强”。wind意为“风”，符合语境。noise意为“噪声”；temperature意为“气温”；speed意为“速度”。
50．答案：C　解析：根据语境和常识可知，作者的丈夫一看天气突变，应是立刻停止钓鱼去启动(船的)发动机。start意为“发动，启动”，符合语境。find意为“发现”；hide意为“隐藏”；fix意为“修理”。
51．答案：A　解析：根据下文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知，船的发动机停止运转了，作者一家被困在湖中央，所以此处表示运气不佳。luck意为“好运”，符合语境。answer意为“答复，回答”；wonder意为“惊讶，惊奇”；signal意为“信号”。
50．答案：C　解析：根据语境和常识可知，作者的丈夫一看天气突变，应是立刻停止钓鱼去启动(船的)发动机。start意为“发动，启动”，符合语境。find意为“发现”；hide意为“隐藏”；fix意为“修理”。
51．答案：A　解析：根据下文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知，船的发动机停止运转了，作者一家被困在湖中央，所以此处表示运气不佳。luck意为“好运”，符合语境。answer意为“答复，回答”；wonder意为“惊讶，惊奇”；signal意为“信号”。
52．答案：D　解析：根据上文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake”可知，作者一家在暴风雨来临时被困在湖中央，当时一定感到非常无助。helplessly意为“无助地”，符合语境。patiently意为“耐心地”；tirelessly意为“不知疲倦地”；doubtfully意为“怀疑地”。
53．答案：C　解析：根据上文内容可知，一个渔民出现了，他扔给作者一家一根绳子，把他们拖了回来，所以此处指作者一家摆脱了困境，转危为安。safe意为“安全的”，符合语境。sorry意为“遗憾的”；brave意为“勇敢的”；right意为“正确的”。
54．答案：D　解析：根据上文出现的wonderful camping experiences和下文的wondering what camping fun可知，作者一家对露营满怀激动和兴奋。excitement意为“兴奋”，符合语境。relief意为“欣慰”；duty意为“责任，义务”；pride意为“自豪，骄傲”。
55．答案：B　解析：根据上文描述的作者一家被暴风雨困住的经历可知，作者一家的露营充满乐趣，同时也不乏一些冒险的经历。adventure意为“冒险经历”，符合语境。failure意为“失败”；performance意为“表演；表现”；conflict意为“矛盾，冲突”。
Surfing is a very enjoyable water sport. The first 56.________ (know) surfing came from the ancient Hawaiian tradition of wave sliding. For the Hawaiians, surfing was not merely a way 57.________ (pass) the time. It also served as 58.________ exercise to keep their leaders in physical condition. Members of the wealthier classes would test their skills in fierce 59.________ (compete) during which wealth, pride and even romance were put down as bets. Eventually, the idea of surfing spread to Western Americans, 60.________ whom it became very popular.
While some people are interested in surfing competitively, 61.________ just took it for the pleasure of being out in the ocean. By now surfing 62.________ (develop) a culture of its own. Many young people travel to different parts of the world riding the waves 63.________ others enjoy exploring the world under the water. Scuba diving is a popular form of entertainment that takes people to a beautiful world under the surface of oceans. Divers dive with the aid of air tanks, 64.________ help them breathe under water for a certain length of time. Now, scuba diving has become a popular pastime. Two of the 65.________ (famous) places to scuba dive are the Great Barrier Reef in Australia and the Red Sea in Israel.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了冲浪的历史及其现状。
56．答案：known　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，“surfing”与动词know之间是被动关系，所以此处应用过去分词作定语，修饰“surfing”。故填known。
57．答案：to pass　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式作定语，表示对于夏威夷人来说，冲浪不仅仅是消磨时间的一种方式。故填to pass。
58．答案：an　解析：考查冠词。此处泛指某项运动，应用不定冠词修饰；且“exercise”是读音以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
59．答案：competitions　解析：考查词性转换及名词的单复数。根据空格前的“fierce”可知，此处应用名词；再根据语境可知，此处泛指激烈的比赛，且competition意为“比赛，竞赛”时，是可数名词，应用其复数形式。故填competitions。
60．答案：among/with　解析：考查介词。be popular among/with...为固定搭配，意为“在……之间流行”。故填among/with。
61．答案：others　解析：考查代词。根据语境可知，此处表示一些人对竞争性质的冲浪感兴趣，而另外一些人只是为了海上之游的乐趣而冲浪。故填others。
62．答案：has developed　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据上文中的“By now”可知，此处应用现在完成时，表示到目前为止，冲浪已经形成了它自己的一种文化。“surfing”作主语，谓语动词应用单三形式。故填has developed。
63．答案：and/while　解析：考查连词。此处表示许多年轻人到世界各地旅行冲浪，而其他人喜欢探索水下世界。根据语境可知，前后两句为并列或对比关系。故填and/while。
64．答案：which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“air tanks”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导。故填which。
65．答案：most famous　解析：考查形容词的比较等级。数词＋of＋the＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数是固定结构，意为“……个中最……的……”。此处表示最著名的地方中的两个，应为最高级。故填most famous。
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，得知某英文报社就“如何关爱老年人”征集想法。请给编辑写一封信，内容包括：
1．写信目的；2．个人或社会能做的事情；3．发出呼吁。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear editor，
______________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
答案：Dear editor，
I'm writing to express my concern about the life of the senior.
It's a good idea for us students to visit seniors at weekends to keep them company, from whom we can benefit a lot at the same time. Besides, we can organize some activities such as singing, dancing and traveling, thus enabling them to lead a more socially active life.
Caring for the elderly is a traditional virtue, which will contribute to not only a happy family but also a harmonious society. Therefore, let's do something to make a difference.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Grandpa Cecil Rodgers has narrowly escaped a phone scam (诈骗). It all began with a telephone call...
Cecil is an elderly man from Cincinnati, Ohio, who was looking forward to spending time with his family over the holidays. They were all coming to visit him at his Elmwood Place home, including his adult grandson David. One afternoon, while napping in bed, he was awakened by the sharp ringing of his telephone.
“Who will ring me up at this time？” he wondered. Peering towards the phone, he hesitantly picked it up. From the receiver came an urgent voice. “Grandpa, this is David. I am in trouble.” Before Cecil could ask him any question, he continued, on and off, half crying. “I hit a woman's car and she was seven months pregnant (怀孕). And they charged me with drunken driving and I'm in prison...” He sobbed (哭泣) loudly. His voice was so broken that Cecil could hardly match it with the gentle and warm voice of his grandson. Poor David ! He must be suffering! Cecil panicked immediately.
Without more detailed communication, the phone passed suddenly to another person—David's lawyer, who had a deeper voice. Seemingly, he understood Cecil's anxiety and attempted to comfort him with a solution. “Now the only way to help David is to go to Wal Mart and transfer $ 2，300 to another store. I would pick up the money and then use it to post David's bail (保释金).” “I am sure everything would be OK as long as the money is in place，” he added. Ultimately , he lowered his voice, “ Don't tell anybody. You don't want to make your grandson look ugly in your neighborhood.” The lawyer hung up even before Cecil could give an answer.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Cecil was totally at a loss.______________________ __________________________________________________________
The lucky part of Cecil's day was when he stepped into cashier (收银员) Audrella's line in Wal Mart. ____________________________________
答案： Cecil was totally at a loss. His mind went blank and David's heartbreaking sobs were echoing in his ears. Without a second thought, he quickly grabbed his bank card and determined to spare no effort to go to David's rescue. With the card tightly in his hand, he rushed out to the bank. After withdrawing the money, he went straight to his local Wal Mart. He was overwhelmed by the thought “Send the money and it will save my grandson. ”
The lucky part of Cecil's day was when he stepped into cashier (收银员) Audrella's line in Wal Mart. Noting Cecil's desperate and anxious look, Audrella instantly knew something was wrong. Yet, having the lawyer's words in mind, Cecil stubbornly refused to leak out any information and insisted on transferring the money. Suddenly an idea hit Audrella. “I guess you are worrying about somebody. I bet if you call him right now，he will answer the call，” she suggested. Though doubtful, Cecil pressed the keys. The ending can be expected: David was safe and sound and Cecil realized he nearly fell victim to a phone scam! So he said thanks to Audrella again and again.

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