Unit 8 Safe and sound 知识点 2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级上册

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Unit 8 Safe and sound 知识点 2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级上册

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8A Unit8 Safe and sound
1 safe and sound. 平安无事
safety n.安全(性), 安全场所, 中卫; safety tips 安全提示/建议 safely adv.安全地, 未受损伤/损坏, 有把握地, 安稳地 safe adj.安全的,不会受伤的, 保险的, 有把握的, 缺乏新意的; sound n.声音, 音乐风格, 印象, 海峡; v.听起来好像, 鸣警报, 测深度; adj.明智的, 透彻的, 健康的, 香甜的, 严厉的; adv.充分地 unsound adj.不健全的, 不稳固的, 无根据的, 腐烂的
2 Life is priceless;safety comes first. 生命无价,安全第一。
come+序数词=finish+序数词:达到第几 come first=finish first 第一
3 read about a man’s experience of surviving an earthquake. 讲述一位男子在地震中幸存的经历。
experience n.经验(不可数), 经历(可数); v.经历, 感受 survive 动词 生存 不及物动词 (vi.):活下来,幸存 后面不接宾语,表示主语自己度过了困境。 例句:Few people survived after the earthquake. 地震后幸存者寥寥。 及物动词 (vt.):经历…后仍然活着;比…活得长 a) 经历…后存活 宾语是灾难、疾病、事故等。 例句:She survived a serious car accident. 她经历了一场严重的车祸后活了下来。 b) (不幸)比某人活得长 尤指家人去世后自己还活着。 结构:survive sb. 例句:He is survived by his wife and two children. (讣告常用语)他身后留下了妻子和两个孩子。 She survived her husband by ten years. 她在丈夫去世后又活了十年。 常用搭配 survive on sth.:依靠…生存(通常指很少、很差的东西) They had to survive on berries and rainwater. 他们不得不靠浆果和雨水生存。 How can you survive on such a low salary 靠这么低的薪水你怎么生活? survive as sth.:作为…而继续存在 Very few old theaters have survived as cinemas. 很少有老剧院能作为电影院保留下来。 survive from sth.:从…留存下来(尤指古老事物) This painting survives from the 18th century. 这幅画是从18世纪保存下来的。 survive + 时间状语:存活了多久 The patient survived for another six months. 病人又活了六个月。 survival [n.] 生存,幸存 the survival of the fittest 适者生存 survival skills 生存技能 survivor [n.] 幸存者 a survivor of the crash 空难幸存者
4 learn about the emergencies and natural disasters around the world. 了解世界各地的紧急情况和自然灾害。
emergency n.紧急事件,紧急需要, 紧急情况,不测事件,非常时刻, 以备万一 emergent adj.紧急的, 浮现的, 突然出现的, 自然发生的
5 Power cut leaves thousands without heating. 停电导致数千人无供暖。
leave:v.离开, 抛下, 不立刻做, 留下,保留, 余, 招致, 剩下食物, 不碰, 使处于, 交托, 取决于, 转换(话题), (死后)遗留, 递送; n.假期, 准许
6 Coach comes off road and hits tree. 车离开道路后撞上了一棵树。
Coach n.教练, 辅导教师, 长途汽车, (火车)旅客车厢, 四轮大马车, 经济舱; v.当教练, 训练, 指导, 辅导, 给…补习 come off :驶离 =run off hit-hit-hit打击;撞击=crash into
7 Three men hurt in car accident. 三名男子在车祸中受伤。
hurt v.使…受伤, 感到疼痛, 弄伤, 使伤心, 危害, 处于困境; adj.受伤的; n.伤心 wound n.伤口,创伤; v.使受伤, 伤害; v.使气急,蜿蜒, 上发条(wind过去式) injure v.伤害, 损害 指重伤外伤,意外事故
8 Typhoon leaves whole town in terrible state 台风过后,整个城镇一片狼藉
terrible adj.非常严重的, 可怕的, (感觉或看起来)病得很重的, 劣质的, 很糟糕的, 十足的terribly adv.很, 非常,糟糕地 state v.陈述, 公布; n.状态, 国家, 州; adj.国家的
9 Did you hear about the fog disaster in Star Town last week 听说上周星镇那场雾灾了吗?
hear about 得悉,听说, 因…受到报偿或惩罚, 耳闻=hear of hear from sb.收到某人的来信
10 The fog was so thick that drivers couldn’t see more than a metre in front of them. 浓雾弥漫,司机们眼前视线仅剩不到一米。
so...that...如此,以至于引导结果状语从句
Reading
1 At first,I felt a slight shake. 起初,我感到轻微的颤抖。
shake-shook-shaken v.摇动,抖动, 动摇, 摇头, 颤抖, 握手, 使非常震惊/烦恼, 摆脱;n.摇动, 抖动, 颤抖, 奶昔
2 Then I heard a loud noise like thunder. 然后我听到一声雷鸣般的巨响。
loud adj.大声的, 吵闹的, 艳俗的; adv.响亮地 强调“音量大”,常用在动词后 loudly adv.高声地, 吵闹地, 响亮地, 花哨地 强调“大声地、喧闹地”,常含贬义,可放在动词前或后。 aloud adv.出声地,大声地 强调“出声”,与“无声”相对。
3 People shouted in fear. 人们惊恐地喊叫起来。
fear n.恐惧, 担心, 担忧, 可能性; v.害怕, 担心, (替…)担心 fearful adj.害怕的, 担心的, 可怕的, 极坏的 fearless adj.无畏的, 大胆的, 不怕的 in fear of one’s life 因生命受到威胁
4 I tried my best to run out too. 我也竭尽全力跑出来了。
run out 用完;耗尽=use up 用法结构主语含义例句1. 不及物 (用完)sth. + run out物/时间 (被消耗的东西)某物被用完了。The milk has run out. 牛奶喝完了。2. 及物 (耗尽)sb. + run out of + sth.人/机构 (使用者)某人用完了某物。We have run out of milk. 我们的牛奶喝完了。3. (时间)到期sth. + run out时间、期限时间到了,到期了。My passport runs out next year. 我的护照明年到期。
5 Outside, people were running in all directions while pieces of glass and bricks were raining down. 外面,人们四散奔逃,玻璃碎片和砖块如雨点般纷纷落下。
in all directions 四面八方,各方面, 四处 direction n.方向,趋势, 动向, 方面, 目标, 管理,指示, 用法说明, 导演指导 direct adj.笔直的,径直的, 直接的, 最近的, 正好的, 亲自的, 坦率的, 嫡系的; v.把…指向,指示, 管理,监督, 针对, 为…指路, 领导, 执导(电影等), director n.导演, 主任, 经理, 院长, 指挥 be doing while be doing 两个动作同时进行
6 The the walls began to come down. 墙壁开始坍塌。
come down 下来,降落, 倒塌,落魄
7 It was dark and silent around me. 我周围一片漆黑,寂静无声。
silent adj.沉默的, 未谈及的, 无声的 silence n.寂静, 缄口不言, 无音信; v.使安静, 压制
8 I couldn’t see anything at all. And I didn’t know if anyone else was around me. 我什么也看不见,也不确定周围是否还有其他人。
not...at all 一点也不 if是否,引导宾语从句
9 My heart was beating really fast. 我的心跳异常加快。
beat-beat-beaten v.打败, 控制, 难倒, 突破,胜过, 逃避, 击打, 作节奏运动, 踩出(道路); n.有节奏的跳动, 敲击, 节奏,节拍, 辖区; adj.累坏的
10 A moment of fear went through my mind, but I told myself to calm down since I was still alive. 我心中闪过一丝恐惧,但想到自己还活着,便强压住情绪。
go through经历;度过;通读, 穿过
11 Hours later,as I was trying to find my way out. 几个小时后,当我试图寻找出路时。
find one’s way out设法摆脱困境,找到出路
12 I cried out in a weak voice. 我用微弱的声音喊了出来。
in a weak voice 用微弱的声音
13 Timmy found himself trapped in the building. 蒂米发现自己被困在了大楼里。
find sb./sth. adj. 发现...怎么样
14 It was silent around me at first except the sounds of nature. 起初四周一片寂静,唯有大自然的声响。
except prep.除了…之外; conj. 除了; v.不包括 except for besides prep.此外, 除了; adv.况且,再说包含在内 but 除了不包含 have no choice but to do 别无选择只能... 情况使用例句说明1. 排除同类项exceptI like all fruits except bananas. (我喜欢所有水果,除了香蕉。)水果(整体)与香蕉(部分)是同类事物。2. 排除不同类项(整体评价)except forThe room is empty except for a chair. (房间是空的,除了一把椅子。)整体评价“房间空”与“一把椅子”不是同类事物。3. 在句首except forExcept for John, everyone passed. (除了约翰,大家都通过了。)位于句首时,只能用 except for。4. 在介词短语前exceptHe goes everywhere except to the library. (他哪儿都去,除了图书馆。)在介词(to, in, at 等)前,通常用 except。5. 在从句前exceptShe’s fine except that she’s tired. (她很好,只是累了。)在 that, when, what 等引导的从句前,用 except。
15 I was walking my dog in the forest. 我正在森林里遛狗。
walk one’s dag 遛狗
16 give reasons for your answers. 请说明你的答案。
the reason for ,,,的理由=the cause of
Grammar
过去进行时
过去进行时是英语中最核心的时态之一,用于描述过去某个特定时刻或时段正在发生的动作。它的核心概念是“过去正在进行中”。 结构:was/were + 动词的现在分词 (V-ing) 标志词: at 8 o‘clock yesterday, at this time last week, at that moment, all morning, the whole day, from 5 to 7 when/while/as区分 连词核心概念从句动词特点强调关系典型场景When“在某个时间点”瞬间动词 或 延续动词一个动作发生,另一动作随即发生(时间点)1. 从句是短暂动作
2. 主从句都是延续动作(可互换)
3. 表示“突然”While“在某一时间段内”必须是延续动词主从句动作同时持续(时间段)1. 两个动作同时进行
2. 从句提供背景As“随着、一边…一边…”延续动词动作并行发展或变化(伴随)1. 两个动作同步变化
2. 动作持续时间短且紧凑
3. “随着”时间推移
1. When (当…时) 核心:强调 “时间点”。从句动作可以是瞬间发生的,也可以是持续的。 三大主要用法: a) 从句是短暂动作,主句是任意动作。 (最典型) When the phone rang, I was sleeping. (电话响时,我正在睡觉。) 分析: “响”(rang) 是瞬间动作,“睡觉”是持续动作。 b) 从句都是延续动作 (此时可与 while 互换,但 when 更常见)。 When/While I was living in Shanghai, I met many friends. (我住在上海期间,结识了许多朋友。) c) 表示“突然、就在这时” (常用 be about to do… when… 或 was doing… when… 结构)。 I was about to leave when it started to rain. (我正要离开,突然下起雨来。) While (在…期间) 核心:强调 “时间段”。从句动作必须是持续性的。 两大主要用法: a) 表示两个持续性动作同时进行 (可互换为 as,但 while 更强调对比或同时)。 While I was cooking, my wife was setting the table. (我做饭的时候,我妻子在摆桌子。) 分析: 两个动作都在一段时间内持续。 b) 从句提供背景,主句是发生在该背景下的动作。 While I was walking in the park, I saw a strange bird. (我在公园散步时,看见了一只奇怪的鸟。) 分析: “散步”是持续性背景,“看见”是发生在该背景下的瞬间动作。 As (一边…一边…;随着) 核心:强调 “伴随、并行发展”。从句动作通常是持续的。 三大主要用法: a) 表示两个短暂动作几乎同时发生 (动作紧凑、连续)。 As I opened the door, the cat rushed out. (我一打开门,猫就冲了出去。) 分析: “开门”和“冲出”都是短暂动作,前后紧接着发生。此时常用 as。 b) 表示“一边…一边…”,两个长动作同时进行,且强调同步性。 She sang happily as she worked. (她一边工作,一边快乐地唱歌。) c) 表示“随着…”(指变化或发展过程)。 As the technology develops, our life is becoming more convenient. (随着科技发展,我们的生活正变得更便利。) 快速记忆口诀 When 点时,长短皆可,突发打断最常用。 While 段里,动作需长,两事并行背景墙。 As 伴随,同步发展,边做边变紧跟忙。 简记: When 点,While 段,As 伴随和渐变。 (24-25鼓楼期末)The wind ________ hard outside when the old man got up and closed the windows. A. blows B. was blowing C. is blowing D. will blow (24-25联合体期末)— I called you yesterday, but you didn’t answer. — Sorry. I ________ a report on animal protection. A. read B. am reading C. was reading D. will read (24-25玄武期末)—Why didn’t you watch the women’s singles final between Zheng Qinwen and Coco Gauff —Well, I ________ the geography project with my friends at that time. A. discuss B. discussed C. am discussing D. was discussing (23-24鼓楼期末)—John, you are ten minutes late. —Sorry! I was leaving ________ my phone rang. And it was from my sister. A. when B. while C. after D. before (23-24鼓楼期末)—I called you yesterday afternoon but you didn’t answer. —Sorry. I ________ a report about animal protection. A. work on B. worked on C. am working on D. was working on (23-24秦淮期末)After the earthquake, Nick told his son that ________ they were both alive, they did not fail and they could start again. A. when B. since C. while D. before
Integration
1 The bush fires may burn millions of square metres of land and destroy thousands of homes before they are put out. 这些丛林大火可能烧毁数百万平方米的土地,并在被扑灭前摧毁数千座房屋。
destroy v.毁坏, 毁掉某人, 杀死 put out 扑灭
2 So far five people are dead. 目前已有5人死亡。
So far 到目前为止,迄今为止=by now=up to now
3 Have you ever thought about how to stay safe in natural disasters and emergencies 你是否想过在自然灾害和紧急情况下如何保持安全?
have/has+done现在完成时
4 It is also helpful to place around the cars to avoid another accident. 在车辆周围设置警示标志也有助于避免再次发生事故。
place n.地方, 城镇, 场所, …地方, 表面的某处, 某点, 座位, 地位, 入学机会, 队员身份, 恰当位置, 适当处所, 名次, 住处, (数学)位, 广场名称; adv.到处; v.放置, 安顿, 以某种态度看待, 认出, 下单, 排名次, 使处于, 刊登(广告), 给出(联系人的电话号码), 下(赌注) avoid v.避免,防止, 躲避, 逃避 avoid doing sth.避免做某事
5 What should I do if it’s bleeding 若出现出血应如何处理?
bleed-bled-bled v.流血,放血, 渗开, 榨取…的钱财, 放掉气/液体 blood n.血液 firm n.商号, 公司; adj.坚固的, 稳固的, 强有力的, 坚定的, 不会更改的, 忠实的; v.培土, 使坚固, 稳步上涨
6 The police came to check and warned us to stay away from the beach for a few days. 警方前来检查,并警告我们未来几天不要靠近海滩。
warn v.提醒,警告, 告诫(不要做…) warn sb. to do sth.警告某人做某事 warn sb.against sth. 警告某人不要做某事
7 Many boats were damaged. 许多船只受损
damage v.损坏, 伤害; n.损坏, 伤害, 不良影响, 损害赔偿金

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