资源简介

Unit 3 Growing Up
Section A What makes you upset
Section B Why do we explore nature
单元语法：一、形容词与副词的比较级和最高级
二、大数字的表达与读法
（八年级英语下册）（2024版）（人教版）
合作探究 语法考点
一、形容词与副词的比较级和最高级
大多数形容词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级。原级指形容词的原形；比较级用来表示“较...”或“更......一些”；最高级则表示“最......”。
考点1 形容词与副词的比较级和最高级的变化规则
变化规则 例词
一般在词尾直接加-er和-est tall-taller-tallest light-lighter-lightest
以字母-e结尾的直接加-r或-st nice-nicer-nicest fine-finer-finest
以辅音字母加y结尾的词，变y为i加-er或-est heavy-heavier heaviest busy-busier-busiest
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的形容词，要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-er或-est。 thin-thinner-thinnest hot-hotter-hottest
多音节词或部分双音节词的比较级和最高级在其前面加more或most。 beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful
不规则变化需特殊记忆
→good/well-better-best
→many/much-more-most
→little-less-least
→old-older/elder-oldest/eldest
→far-farther/further-farthest/furthest
→ill/bad/badly-worse-worst
考点2 形容词与副词比较级的用法
用法 例句
“比较级＋than”，用于两者之间的比较，表示“比......更......”。 George runs faster than me. 乔治跑得比我快。
“比较级＋and＋比较级”，表示“越来越......”。当形容词或副词为部分双音节词或多音节词时，用＂more and more＋原级”表示。 The rain is getting heavier and heavier. 雨变得越来越大。
“the＋比较级...,the＋比较级...”，表示“越......越......”，表示一方的程度随着另一方的变化而变化。 The harder you work,the luckier you will be. 越努力越幸运。
“A＋谓语动词＋倍数＋比较级＋than+B”，表示“A 是B的......倍......”。 Our school is three times bigger than yours. 我们学校是你们学校的三倍大。
“A＋谓语动词＋the＋比较级＋of the two...”表示“A是两者中比较......的一个”，是特指情况。 Kate is the smarter of the two girls. 凯特是两个女孩中比较聪明的一个。
“Which/Who...＋比较级，A or B？”表示“A和B相比，哪一个／谁更......？”。 Who is more careful,Bob or John 鲍勃和约翰谁更细心？
注意：
1．比较级前可以加修饰词，如even,much,far,a little,a lot等。
→My sister's room is much tidier than mine.
我组姐的房间比我的整洁得多。
2．比较的对象必须一致。有时为了避免重复，可以用that或
those代替前面出现的词，而且that或those不能省略。
→The population of Suihua is much smaller than that of Harbin.
绥化的人口比哈尔滨的人口少得多。
3．用形容词的比较级来表达最高级的概念；A＋谓语＋比较级＋than any(other)＋可数名词单数＋范围。意为“A是......中最......的”或“A比（其他）任何......都......”。
注意：
当A在范围内比较时，必须加other；当A不在范围内比较时，去掉
other.
→Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.
上海比中国其他的任何一个城市都大。
→Shanghai is bigger than any city in Japan.
上海比日本的任何一个城市都大。
考点3 形容词与副词最高级的用法
最高级常用来表示三者或三者以上人或物的比较。最高级前必须加定冠词the，但是当形容词的最高级前已经有了作定语用的形容词性的物主代词或名词所有格时，不加the。
用法 例句
“（the+）最高级（＋可数名词单数形式）+in/of短语”，表示“······中最······的”。 He is the youngest student In our class. 他是我们班（年龄）最小的学生。
＂one of the＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数＋in／of短语”，表示“······中最······的······之一”。 Miss Green is one of the most popular teachers in our school. 格林老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。
“the＋序数词＋形容词最高级＋可数名词单数＋in/of短语”，表示“在......中是第几......的......”（从第二开始）。 As we all know,the Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 众所周知，黄河是中国第二长河。
“Which/Who...(+the)＋最高级，A,B or C？” 表示“A、B、C中，哪一个／谁最......？”。 Who is the oldest,Tom,Kate or Bill 谁是（年龄）最大的，汤姆，凯特还是比尔？
二、大数字的表达与读法
考点1 大数字的表达
1．从数字的右端向左数，每三位数加一个逗号。
2．从右端向左端开始，第一个逗号处读thousand（千），第二个逗号处读million（百万），第三个逗号处读billion（十亿）。
3．读时通常在hundred后加and，如果读数中百位数为0，则在
thousand后加and。
→18,357,089 读作 eighteen million,three hundred and fifty-seven
thousand,and eighty-nine。
考点2 大数字的用法
表示确切的数量直接用基数词，表示不确切的数量用
hundred,thousand,million,billion 的复数形式再搭配介词of。
→Millions of bees are flying in the sky.
数百万只蜜蜂正在空中飞舞。
注意：
英语中没有“万”这个单位，表达“万”时要借助thousand，如“一万”用ten thousand.
→The population of our village is about ten thousand.
我们村庄的人口大约有一万。
→Do you think it is better to travel ten thousand miles
than to read ten thousand books
你认为行万里路比读万卷书更好吗？
对点突破 语法专练
一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1.China is one of (old)countries in the world. We are all proud of it.
2.The international influence of Yangzhou is getting (strong)than before.
3.The more we communicate with our parents,the (good)
we'll understand each other.
4.Lin Tao runs (fast) than most of his classmates. He is
the running star in his class.
5.Of all the vegetables, I think the tomato is the (tasty)and healthiest.
二、单项选择。
6.The you are,the mistakes you'll make.
A.more careful;more B.less careful;fewer
C.more careful;fewer
7.Jianshe Road is the road in our city,especially around
8:00 am．
A.busier B.busiest
C.wider D.widest
8.The Qinghai Lake is lake in China. It is in Qinghai
Province.
A.large B.larger
C.largest D.the largest
9.Lingling is one of students in my class.She is always
ready to offer help.
A.helpful B.more helpful
C.less helpful D.the most helpful
10.AI technology in China has developed than anyone
expected．
A.fast B.faster C.fastest
三、短文填空（语篇练语法）。
My Hobbies
I have many hobbies,but I think reading is the 11. (good)one.Every day after class,I spend time in the school library.It's
12. (quiet)than the classroom,and I can read 13. (many)interesting books there.
Among all my classmates,Tom reads 14. (fast). He can finish a storybook in one day! But I read 15. (carefully) than him, so I often find more fun details.Our English teacher always
says,"The 16. (much)you read,the 17. (good)your writingwill be."
Last week, I joined in a reading competition. I was a little
nervous at first, but I tried my 18. (good).Finally,I won the19. (two)prize. It is 20.(happy)day in my school life so far!
四、根据句意，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1.My sister is (tall)than me. But my brother is the (tall) in my family.
2.This storybook is (interesting)than that one.The fairy tale book is the (interesting) of all the books I have.
3.Tom's handwriting is (good)than mine.Lucy has the
(good) handwriting in our class.
五、试着写出下列各句中数字的读法。
4.The Eiffel Tower stands at 330 metres tall (including antennas).
5.The height of Mount Fuji is about 3,776 metres.
6.The Great Wall of China is approximately 21,196 kilometres in
length.
参考答案
一、1.the oldest 2.stronger 3.better 4.faster 5.tastiest
二、6.C 7.B 8.D 9.D 10.B
三、11.best 12.quieter 13.more 14.fastest 15,more carefully 16.more
17.better 18.best 19.second 20.the happiest
四、1.taller;tallest 2.more interesting;most interesting
3.better;best
五、4.three hundred and thirty
5.three thousand,seven hundred and seventy-six
6.twenty-one thousand,one hundred and ninety-six

展开更多......

收起↑