资源简介

(共56张PPT)
Period Three
Learning About Language
(Grammar)
语法归纳
【语境感悟】
阅读以下有关“科学”的短文，感知加黑部分，并回答其后的问题。
The biggest attraction of scientific exploration is ①that it
holds countless secrets waiting to be discovered. It is also
②what drives scientists to constantly push the boundaries of
human knowledge. Moreover, scientific exploration is ③where
new technologies and innovations are born. The doubt in
many people's minds is ④whether there is life on other
planets. Another mystery scientists often study is ⑤why some
species evolve faster than others. A key focus of medical
research is ⑥how we can develop better treatments for
diseases. What remains unclear sometimes is ⑦which approach
will work best in complex experiments.
【自主发现】
以上语段中，①、②、③、④、⑤、⑥、⑦句均为______从句；其
中that，whether为__________，在从句中不作成分；what，which为
__________；where，why，how为__________。
表语
从属连词
连接代词
连接副词
Predicative clauses
(表语从句)
在复合句中,位于系动词之后作表语的从句叫作表语从句。表语
从句常用以下引导词:
类别 例词 说明
从属连词 that,whether 两者在从句中都不作成分,that无实
义,whether意为“是否”,通常不能用if替换
连接代词 who, whose, what, which等 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语
(who除外)
连接副词 when, why, where, how 在从句中作时间、原因、地点、方式状语
其他连接词 because 主句主语不用reason
as if/as though 表语从句表示的情况发生的可能性较小时
常用虚拟语气
如:The most important thing is that we should find enough
water for the sheep.
最重要的事是我们应为羊找到足够的水。
The doubt is who has taken away the valuable painting.
疑问是谁拿走了那幅珍贵的画。
The black clouds are gathering. It looks as if it is going to
rain.
乌云正在聚集。天看起来好像要下雨了。
注意:
1.that,why,because引导表语从句的区别:
(1)表示原因的名词(reason,cause)作句子主语时,其后的表语从句常用
that引导,不可用because。 如:
The reason why he was late was that he missed the first bus
this morning.
他迟到的原因是他今天早晨错过了首班公共汽车。
(2)because引导的表语从句常用于“That's because…”结构中,说明产
生上述结果的原因,表示前果后因;why引导的表语从句说明由上述原
因导致的某种结果,表示前因后果。 如:
I was late for school this morning. That's because I stayed up
too late last night. (果→因)
今天早晨我上学迟到了,那是因为我昨晚熬夜太晚了。
I stayed up too late last night. That's why I was late for school
this morning. (因→果)
我昨晚熬夜太晚,那就是我今天早晨上学迟到的原因。
2.表语从句中的虚拟语气
当主语是表示“建议、命令、要求、计划(suggestion,advice,proposal,
order,command,request,requirement,demand,plan)”等的名词时,
表语从句应该用虚拟语气,即从句谓语用“should+动词原形”形式,
should可以省略。 如:
My suggestion is that we (should) set off early tomorrow.
我的建议是我们明天早点儿动身。
【实战演练】
Ⅰ 单句填空
1.I didn't see the film last night. That was _________ I had to
help my brother with his homework.
2.He thinks that not everyone is born equal and this is _______
I disagree.
3.The question is _________ technology is our servant or our
master.
4.He didn't get what he had expected. That's _____ he left this
company.
because
where
whether
why
5.What I want to know is ______ the meeting will begin.
6.What the doctor really doubts is _________ my mother will
recover from the serious disease soon.
7.When I was a little boy, the dinner on the eve of the Spring
Festival was ______ I looked forward to most.
8.My neighbour Sana is always sheltering her child too much,
and that's _______ we differ.
when
whether
what
where
9.The reason why the girl cried was _____ her friends
misunderstood her.
10.The focus of the meeting was _____ we could develop
transportation without polluting the environment.
that
how
Ⅱ 语法与写作
1.What concerns me is __________________________________
____________.
让我担心的是你是否已经适应了大学生活。
whether you have adapted to the
university life
2.The bottle of milk smells _____________________, so you'd
better throw it away.
这瓶牛奶闻起来好像已经变质了,你最好把它扔掉。
as if it has gone bad
3.From him, I realize the secret to success is _________________
______________________________________.
从他身上,我意识到成功的秘诀不在于你出生在哪里,而在于你在生活
中做什么。
not where you
were born, but what you do in your life
4.My suggestion is _______________________________ to discuss
this issue and find a better solution.(应用文写作之建议信)
我的建议是我们召开一个会议来讨论这个问题并找到一个更好的解
决方案。
that we (should) hold a meeting
5.The reason why I recommend Mr Li for this position is
___________________________ and excellent communication skills
in this field.(应用文写作之推荐信)
我推荐李先生担任这个职位的原因是他在这个领域有丰富的经验和
出色的沟通技巧。
that he has rich experience
练 习 册
Ⅰ 单句填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
1.The result of the invention of the steam engine was _____
human power was replaced by mechanical power.
that
2.Her biggest doubt was _________ she should trust the
stranger.
whether
3.As John Lennon once said, life is ______ happens to you
while you are busy making other plans.
what
4.Please put the medicine on the top of the shelf. It's _______
our children can't reach it.
where
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课内基础巩固
5.The last time we had great fun together was ______ we were
visiting the Water Park.
when
6.The little girl who got lost decided to remain _______ she was
and wait for her mother.
where
7.From space, the earth looks blue. That's _________ about 71%
of its surface is covered by water.
because
8.He was born here. That's _____ he likes the place so much.
why
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9
10
9.The teacher's requirement is _____ we should recite the
passage in twenty minutes.
that
10.The reason why he can't go with you is _____ he has
something important to do.
that
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Ⅱ 语法与写作(每小题3分，满分12分)
1.________________________________________ he has
outstanding leadership skills and a strong sense of responsibility.
我推荐他的原因是他有出色的领导能力和强烈的责任感。
The reason why I recommend him is that
2.What troubles me most is ______________________________
_________________.
最困扰我的是，我每天晚上都很难入睡。
that it's difficult for me to fall
asleep every night
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3.If you are addicted to your mobile phone, that's ____________
__________________ and be involved in meaningful activities.
(表语从句)
如果你沉迷于手机,那么该是你放下手机,参加有意义的活动的时候了。
when you
should lay it down
4.What I can still remember is ______________________________
_____________________________________ when I was a junior
school student.
我仍然记得的是，当我还是初中生时，我身体虚弱，成绩有待提高。
that my body was weak and
that my grades needed to be improved
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Ⅲ 语篇填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
The future will be full of endless possibilities, and our lives
1._______________ (paint) with the colours of creation. Imagine
a world 2._______ technology is not only a tool, but also an
extension of our abilities. Smart homes will cater to our every
need, with AI assistants managing our schedules and health,
while self-driving cars ease traffic jams 3._____ reduce accidents.
will be painted
where
and
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In the future, renewable energy will power our cities, and
electric vehicles will make air travel cleaner and more 4.________
(efficiency). Virtual reality will transform education, allowing
students to explore the world without 5.________ (leave) their
classrooms. Telemedicine will provide remote access to health
care, ensuring that quality medical services are available to all,
regardless of location.
efficient
leaving
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6.____________ (prepare) for this future, we must embrace
lifelong learning. As technology evolves, so must our skills. We
should encourage curiosity and creativity in our education
7.________ (system) to foster (培养) the innovators of tomorrow.
In addition, our goal is 8._____ sustainability (可持续性) should
be at the core of our actions, from reducing waste to
protecting resources, ensuring that our planet remains habitable
for future generations.
To prepare
systems
that
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Community 9._____________ (engage) will also be crucial. As
we look to the future, we must work together to solve global
challenges like climate change and inequality. By sharing ideas,
we can create a future that is not only technologically advanced
but also 10.________ (social) just and inclusive.
engagement
socially
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要阐述了未来世界充满无限可
能，科技将从根本上改变我们的生活方式与社会结构。
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1._______________
will be painted
[解析] 考查动词时态和语态。根据the future和will be full of可知，
and后的句子描述将来发生的事情，时态用一般将来时，主语our
lives和paint“描绘”之间为被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态。故
填will be painted。
2._______
where
[解析] 考查定语从句。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是world，
关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。
故填where。
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3._____
and
[解析] 考查连词。ease traffic jams和reduce accidents是并列关系，
应用连词and连接。故填and。
4.________
efficient
[解析] 考查形容词。根据cleaner可知，and后应用形容词比较级，
efficiency的形容词为efficient“高效的”，与空前more构成比较级。故
填efficient。
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5.________
leaving
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。空处作介词without的宾语，应用动名词
leaving。故填leaving。
6.____________
To prepare
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式，句首
单词首字母大写。故填To prepare。
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7.________
systems
[解析] 考查名词复数。system意为“体系”，是可数名词，此处表示
不止一个体系，应使用名词的复数形式。故填systems。
8._____
that
[解析] 考查表语从句。空处引导表语从句，从句不缺成分，意思完
整，应用that引导，that不能省略。故填that。
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9._____________
engagement
[解析] 考查名词。此处应用名词作主语，engage的名词
engagement意为“参与”。故填engagement。
10.________
socially
[解析] 考查副词。此处修饰just and inclusive作状语，应用副词
socially，意为“在社会上”。故填socially。
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Ⅳ 阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分10分)
Laughter comes in many forms, from a polite chuckle to an
infectious howl of amusement. Scientists are now developing an
AI system that can copy various forms of laughter accurately.
The team behind the laughing robot, Erica, say that the system
could improve natural conversations between people and AI
systems.
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课后素养提升练
Dr Koji Inoue, lead author of the research from Kyoto
University, highlights empathy (共情) as a crucial aspect of
conversational AI, suggesting laughter sharing as a means for
robots to connect with users. To achieve this, Inoue and his
team gathered data from over 80 speed-dating dialogues
between male students and Erica, initially operated by amateur
actors.
Dialogue data labeled for individual, social, and joyful
laughter was used to train an AI system to identify and produce
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fitting laughter responses. Based on the audio files, the
algorithm (算法) learned their subtle differences, aiming to
imitate social laughs subtly and hearty laughs empathetically.
“Our biggest challenge in this work was identifying the
actual cases of shared laughter,” explained Inoue, emphasizing
the need for careful categorization. Erica's “sense of humour”
was tested with four dialogues, integrating the new shared-
laughter algorithm. These were compared to cases where Erica
didn't laugh or emitted social laughs upon detecting laughter.
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The clips were played to 130 volunteers who rated the
shared-laughter algorithm highly for empathy and naturalness.
The team believed laughter could imbue robots with unique
character traits, including conversational behaviours like laughter,
eye gaze, gestures, and speaking style. However, Inoue
acknowledged it could take over 20 years to have a “casual
chat with a robot like we would with a friend”.
Professor Sandra Wachter, of the Oxford Internet Institute at
the University of Oxford, said, “One of the things I'd keep in
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mind is that a robot or algorithm will never be able to
understand you. It doesn't understand the meaning of laughter.
They fail to feel, but they might get very good at making you
believe they understand what's going on.”
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家正在研究的
一款可以笑的机器人。
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( )1.Why do scientists develop the AI system that can copy
various forms of laughter
A.To make robots sound more human-like.
B.To help robots understand human emotions better.
C.To enable robots to have a sense of humour like humans.
D.To enhance the emotional interaction between people and AI
systems.
√
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[解析] 推理判断题。由文章第一段“The team behind the laughing
robot, Erica, say that the system could improve natural
conversations between people and AI systems.”可知，科学家开发
了一种可以复制各种笑声的人工智能系统，以增强人与人工智能系
统之间的情感互动。故选D。
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( )2.What was the challenge Inoue faced while working on
this project
A.Creating an algorithm that can genuinely feel amusement.
B.Identifying the situations where laughter is truly understood.
C.Distinguishing between different types of laughter accurately.
D.Collecting sufficient data for training the machine learning
system.
√
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[解析] 推理判断题。由文章第四段“‘Our biggest challenge in this
work was identifying the actual cases of shared laughter,’
explained Inoue, emphasizing the need for careful categorization.
Erica's ‘sense of humour’ was tested with four dialogues,
integrating the new shared-laughter algorithm. These were
compared to cases where Erica didn't laugh or emitted social
laughs upon detecting laughter.”可知，Inoue在这个项目中面临的
挑战是确定笑声真正被理解的情况。故选B。
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( )3.What does the underlined word “imbue” mean in
Paragraph 5
A.Equip. B.Inspire. C.Engage. D.Influence.
[解析] 词义猜测题。由文章第五段“The clips were played to 130
volunteers who rated the shared-laughter algorithm highly for
empathy and naturalness. The team believed laughter could
imbue robots with unique character traits, including
conversational behaviours like laughter, eye gaze, gestures, and
speaking style.”可推测，这里表示笑声可以赋予机器人独特的性格
特征，所以imbue为“使……具备”的意思。故选A。
√
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( )4.What is Professor Sandra Wachter's view on laughing
robots
A.They are not capable of capturing human laughter.
B.They can imitate laughter but lack thorough comprehension.
C.It is possible for them to play tricks on humans occasionally.
D.It will take long before humans have comfortable
conversations with them.
√
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[解析] 推理判断题。由文章最后一段“One of the things I'd keep
in mind is that a robot or algorithm will never be able to
understand you. It doesn't understand the meaning of laughter.
They fail to feel, but they might get very good at making you
believe they understand what's going on.”可知，Sandra Wachter
认为会笑的机器人可以模仿笑声，但缺乏全面的理解能力。故选B。
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Ⅴ 阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Physicist and Nobel Prize winner Richard Feynman
developed a clever learning method known as the Feynman
Technique (费曼学习法). It involves explaining what you're
learning to others. By teaching what you've learned from
memory, you engage in active recall.1.___ It also ensures that
you understand the topic, because you can only explain an idea
if you truly understand it. The technique is made up of four
repeatable steps.
A
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To begin, choose a concept or topic you wish to fully
understand.2.___ The more interested you are, the faster you'll
grasp it. Moreover, a personally interesting topic will keep you
motivated and engaged.
3.___ Write notes and explain it in a way that makes sense
to a five-year-old. If you'd rather avoid actually teaching
someone, you can just teach it to an imaginary audience. But it
works much better if you use a real person. They'll be able to
let you know when something isn't clear.
D
C
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While teaching you may discover gaps in your
understanding.4.___ Review your notes, reread books, or seek
external help to ensure you have a complete understanding of
the context before moving forward.
F
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Now that you fully grasp the concept, test your
understanding by trying to teach it to another person. This will
help you identify any remaining areas of uncertainty you need
to revisit.
The Feynman Technique is a great way for kids and grown-
ups to learn. It is mentally demanding. You need to actively
think about the problem instead of passively reading or listening
to someone else. 5.___
G
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A.This helps the information stick in your mind better.
B.Teach it to a five-year-old, who would give you direct
feedback.
C.Once you have chosen a topic, you can teach it to someone
else.
D.Your curiosity about it will determine the pace of your
learning.
E.Active engagement plays a key role in promoting deeper
learning.
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F.When this happens, refer back to the original material for the
missing pieces.
G.However, with great efforts in mastering this method, your
learning results improve quicker than ever before.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。曾获诺贝尔奖的物理学家费曼发
明了“费曼学习法”。文章主要介绍了该学习方法的主要步骤及其所起
到的作用。
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1.___
A
[解析] 根据上文“It involves explaining what you're learning to
others. By teaching what you've learned from memory, you
engage in active recall.”可知，空处承接上文，说明这种学习法的
作用是什么。A项“这帮助你更好地记住信息。”符合题意。故选A项。
2.___
D
[解析] 根据下文“The more interested you are, the faster you'll
grasp it.”可知，感兴趣的程度决定了学习的速度。D项“你对其的好
奇心将决定你的学习速度。”切题。其中的curiosity与下文中的
interested相呼应。故选D项。
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3.___
C
[解析] 根据下文“Write notes and explain it in a way that makes
sense to a five-year-old. If you'd rather avoid actually teaching
someone, you can just teach it to an imaginary audience. But it
works much better if you use a real person. They'll be able to
let you know when something isn't clear.”可知，本段主要讲你在
选择了一个主题后，就可以把它教给别人。C项“一旦你选好了一个
主题, 你就可以把它教给别人。”统领本段, 符合题意。故选 C。
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4.___
F
[解析] 根据上文“While teaching you may discover gaps in your
understanding.”可知，空处承接上文，说明针对上述情况可采取的
措施。F项“当这种情况发生时, 请回到原始材料中查找缺失的部分。”
符合题意。故选F项。
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5.___
G
[解析] 根据上文“It is mentally demanding. You need to actively
think about the problem instead of passively reading or listening
to someone else.”可知，这种方法要求很高，你需要积极思考问题，
G项“然而，只要努力掌握这种方法，你的学习效果就会比以往任何
时候都提高得更快。”转折语义，说明这种方法会产生的积极作用。
故选G项。
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Unit 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
Period Three Learning About Language （Grammar）
导学案
语法归纳
【自主发现】
表语;从属连词;连接代词;连接副词
【实战演练】
Ⅰ 1.because 2.where 3.whether 4.why 5.when
6.whether 7.what 8.where 9.that 10.how
Ⅱ 1.whether you have adapted to the university life
2.as if it has gone bad 3.not where you were born, but what
you do in your life 4.that we （should） hold a meeting
5.that he has rich experience
练习册
Ⅰ 1.that 2.whether 3.what 4.where 5.when
6.where 7.because 8.why 9.that 10.that
Ⅱ 1.The reason why I recommend him is that
2.that it's difficult for me to fall asleep every night
3.when you should lay it down
4.that my body was weak and that my grades needed to be
improved
Ⅲ 1.will be painted 2.where 3.and 4.efficient 5.leaving
6.To prepare7.systems 8.that 9.engagement 10.socially
Ⅳ 1.D 2.B 3.A 4.B
Ⅴ 1.A 2.D 3.C 4.F 5.G

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