资源简介

(共18张PPT)
句子
类型
简单句
并列句
复合句
主句
形容词性从句 (定语从句)
名词性从句
副词性从句(状语从句)
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
从句
Definition and types:
Mary is a student.
Mary is a student, and she is into painting.
Mary is a student who is into painting.
Who is into painting is a student named Mary.
Mary, a student, was into painting, when she was seven years old.
简单句：只包含一个主谓结构（主语 + 谓语） 的句子，是英语句子的 “基本单位”，不能再拆分为更简单的独立分句。
并列句：由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连接在一起的句子叫并列句。并列连词有and,but,so, for等。
复合句：由一个独立分句（又称 “主句”）和一个或多个从属分句（又称 “从句”） 构成的句子。其中，主句能够单独作为完整句子存在（语法完整、语义独立），而从句无法独立成句，必须通过 “从属连词”或 “关系词”，依附于独立分句，在句中承担特定语法功能（如作状语、定语、宾语等），二者形成 “主次依存” 的逻辑关系。包括定语从句，名词性从句，状语从句。
一、什么是主语从句
在主从复合句中，充当主语的从句是主语从句。它是名词性从句的一种。
为了避免主语显得过长，尤其是陈述句作主语从句时，可以用 it 作句子的形式主语，把主语从句移到句子的末尾。
What the children in the area starve for are books.
It is very important that a student should learn English well.
分析句子成分
缺主宾
表定
缺状语
用连接代词
用连接副词
根据语意缺什么补什么
主语从句的引导词
类别 连接词 说明
从属连词 两者在从句中均不作成分，只起连接作用；
连接代词
连接副词
that，whether, if
who,whom,what,which，whose,whoever,whatever,whichever等
when，where，how，why
whether 表“是否”，不省略
that无实义，
不缺 根据句意选择
that whether/if
在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分;且有一定语意。
在从句中作时间、地点、方式、原因状语等成分，且有一定语意。
1.That he will pass the exam is certain.
2.Whether he will pass the exam is uncertain.
that _______成分，____意义，
______省略。
whether _____成分，____意义，
译为_____。
不做
是否
无
不能
不做
有
Compare and Discover 1
1.Who will take part in the meeting has not been decided.
2. What she said is true.
3. Which book I shall choose hasn’t been decided.
4.Whom she saw didn't matter.
who在主语从句中充当 ______,
译为 ______。
what在主语从句中充当 ______,
译为 ______。
which在主语从句中充当 ______,
译为 ______。
whom在主语从句中充当______，
译为 _____
主语，
谁
宾语，
什么...
定语
哪一
Compare and Discover 2
宾语
谁
1.Whoever leaves the room
last ought to turn off the lights.
2.Whatever he did was right.
Compare and Discover 3
whoever在主语从句中充当 ______, 译为 ______。
whatever 在主语从句中充当 ______, 译为 ______。
主语
无论谁
宾语
无论什么
1. When they will start is not known yet.
2. Where she is from is unknown.
3. Why he was late is not important now.
4. How he became a great scientist is known to us all.
when在主语从句中充当 _______,
译为 ______。
where在主语从句中充当 _______,译为 ______。
why在主语从句中充当 _______,
译为 _______。
how在主语从句中充当 _______,
译为 _______。
状语
何时
状语
何地
状语
为什么
状语
怎样
Compare and Discover 4
1. [2020·江苏卷] It is not a problem we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.
2. [2019·全国Ⅰ卷] you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes.
3. __________ will join in the research team will be announced tomorrow.
4.[2017·北京卷] Every year, makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
5. [2015·北京卷] we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
whether
What
Who
whoever
How
二、 主语从句中it作形式主语的结构
为了保持句子平衡常把主语从后置，而用形式主语it替代。常见句型如下；
句型 说明
It is + adj.+ that从句 形容词有：obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, funny, possible, (un)likely, certain, important, necessary, wrong, strange
It is + n.+ that从句 名词有：no wonder(难怪), an honor, a good thing, a pity(遗憾), a/no surprise, a fact, a question, an idea, a shame(羞愧)
It is + 过去分词 + that从句 过去分词有：said, reported, thought, expected(预料), decided, announced(宣布), known, proved, suggested, estimated(估计)
It +特殊动词+that从句 动词有：（不及物）appear, happen, seem, occur (to sb), doesn’t matter； （及物）worry, shock
当形容词为important, necessary, strange等或过去分词为suggested, requested, desired等时，从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气“(should)+动词原形”。
实战练习
1. _______________(可能)she will come back tomorrow.
2. _______________(很明显)this measure is effective.
3. _______________(很遗憾) we lost the match.
4. ______________ (这是事实) he cheated in the exam.
5. _________________(据报道)that we should learn English well.
6. _________________(建议)we should eat more vegetable and do more exercise.
7. ________________(碰巧) I came into the office at that time.
8. ____________________(我突然想起) I forget to
send the letter.
It is possible that
It is obvious that
It is a pity that
It is a fact that
It is reported that
It is suggested that
It happened that
It occurred to me that
探寻规律1：主谓一致
1. Whether the patient will be taken ______ unknown.
2. When and where the patient will be taken _____ unknown.
3. When the task can be finished and whether he can have
a rest ________ unknown.
4. What he wants most _________ staying with his family.
What they need _______ masks(口罩).
由一个连接词引导主语从句，主句谓语动词，大多数使用_______ (单数？复数？)
由两个连接词引导同一个主语从句，谓动使用____ (单数？复数？)
主语为and连接的两个主语从句时，谓动使用____ (单数？复数？)
what在主语从句中做宾语时，谓动由______决定单复数 (主语？表语？)
单数
单数
复数
表语
is
is
are
is
are
boy
up
how
陈述句（Declarative sentences） The boy never cares about his appearance. ___________________ ___________________surprised the teacher.（从属连词+陈述句）
一般疑问句（General questions） Is he a trustworthy person ___________________________________ is urgently debatable. （从属连词+陈述句）
特殊疑问句（Special questions） Where will the next school trip be held __________________________________ hasn’t been decided yet.（连接副词（状语）/连接代词（主，宾，表，定）+陈述句）
探寻规律2：语序问题
That the boy never cares about his appearance
that
陈述
Whether he is a trustworthy person
whether/if
陈述
Where the next school trip will be held
where
陈述
Leading words
Word order
Places
链接高考 靶向出击
一、书信类（建议信）
I’m sorry to hear you’re confused about choosing a major. __________________ (你最感兴趣的领域) will determine your learning motivation in college. Additionally, __________________ (你是否考虑未来职业发展) is also a key factor. I suggest you talk to your teachers or seniors—________________________ (他们能给你提供的建议) may help you make a wise decision.
What you are most interested in
whether you have considered your future career development
what advice they can give you
nouns
二、倡议书类
Proposal for Saving Water (省水措施)
Dear schoolmates,
With the global water shortage getting worse, ______________________________ (我们必须采取行动节约用水) has become an urgent task. ________________________ (我们在学校可以做的小事) includes turning off taps after use, reusing water for cleaning, and reminding others not to waste water. __________________ (这些行动能产生多大影响) may surprise you—every drop counts!
That we must take action to save water
What small things we can do at school
How much impact these actions can have
I opened the gift.
Thank you for your listening
Person
三、演讲稿类（毕业演讲）
Good morning, dear teachers and classmates,
Today, we’re standing at the end of our high school journey. __________________ (我最想感谢的人) are our parents and teachers—they’ve supported us through every difficulty. Looking ahead, ________________________ (我们未来会面临哪些挑战) is unknown, but ______________________________ (我们拥有的勇气和知识) will help us overcome them. Let’s cherish this moment and move forward together!
Who I want to thank most
what challenges we will face in the future
that the courage and knowledge we have
Animals
三、通知类 Notice
_____________________________________________________________ (我们下周三将举办一场高考复习讲座) has been confirmed by the school. The lecture will be held in the school hall, and _______________ (主讲人是谁) is Mr. Wang, a senior English teacher with 20 years of teaching experience.
Please note ___________________________________ (你们需要带笔记本记录重点) this will help you review later.
That we will hold a college entrance exam review lecture next Wednesday
who the speaker is
that you need to bring notebooks to take notes on key points

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